19
TROUBLESHOOTING: GENERAL GUIDE
Possible Solutions
Set the wire feed rate and voltage in accordance with good welding
practices as recommended by a qualified welding engineer.
Adjust the wire feed and voltage so that the arc is in accordance with
good welding practice for the joint to be welded. The distance from
the contact tip to the workpiece should be 15 times the welding wire
diameter. If the arc is too long there will be spatter, usually in the
direction of the weld.
If the contact tip becomes worn the welding wire will not be in con-
stant contact with the tip and the arc will become unstable. A contact
tip contaminated with spatter will cause uneven wire feed resulting in
further spatter.
The angle of the gas nozzle relative to the workpiece should be be-
tween 45 to 90 degrees. If the angle is too small, the wire runs paral-
lel to the weld pool, resulting in spatter in the direction of welding.
Have the power source checked for faulty conditions such as broken
wires and faulty contacts.
A great deal of spatter occurs if the stick-out is too great and if the
welding gun is held too far from the workpiece when striking the arc.
Try to start with as short a stick-out as possible and with the welding
gun as close to the starting point as possible. If a large ball end is
formed on the end of the welding wire, remove it by cutting the wire
with sharp wire cutters. It is helpful if the wire is cut to a point. Always
remove the ball end before striking an aluminum arc. Check the weld-
ing ground connection.
Check the user manual for your power supply or consult a qualified
welding engineer.
Uneven wire feed gives rise to heavy spatter. Find the cause of the
disturbance and correct the condition before proceeding.
Paint, mill scale, rust and other contamination on the base metal form
an insulating layer causing an unstable arc that results in heavy spat-
ter. Clean the surfaces to be welded.
Inspect ground cable for loose connections, fraying and cuts. Correct
any problem areas found and attach the ground cable directly to
the workpiece after having cleaned the contact surface first. POOR
GROUND CONTACT IS THe MOST COMMON CAUSe OF UN-
STABLe MIG WeLDING CONDITIONS.
The stick-out should be 15 times the diameter of the wire electrode be-
ing used. With increasing stick-out, the current is reduced and the arc
voltage rises, giving a longer unstable arc and increased spatter.
Check for correct polarity. Follow the electrode manufacturer’s recom-
mendations.
Problems/Causes
SPATTER
Too fast or too slow wire
feed for the arc voltage.
Too long an arc.
Damaged contact tip.
Inclination of welding
gun too great.
Faulty power source.
Incorrect start.
Incorrect pulse
parameters.
Uneven wire feed.
Impurities on the base
metal.
Poor ground contact.
Too long stick-out
(short-arc welding).
Incorrect polarity.
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