ZyXEL Communications LTE5121, User Manual

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Chapter 16 VPN
LTE-5121 User’s Guide
160
Figure 109
NAT Router Between IPSec Routers
Normally you cannot set up an IKE SA with a NAT router between the two IPSec routers because
the NAT router changes the header of the IPSec packet. NAT traversal solves the problem by adding
a UDP port 500 header to the IPSec packet. The NAT router forwards the IPSec packet with the UDP
port 500 header unchanged. In the above figure, when IPSec router A tries to establish an IKE SA,
IPSec router B checks the UDP port 500 header, and IPSec routers A and B build the IKE SA.
For NAT traversal to work, you must:
• Use ESP security protocol (in either transport or tunnel mode).
• Use IKE keying mode.
• Enable NAT traversal on both IPSec endpoints.
• Set the NAT router to forward UDP port 500 to IPSec router A.
Finally, NAT is compatible with ESP in tunnel mode because integrity checks are performed over the
combination of the "original header plus original payload," which is unchanged by a NAT device. The
compatibility of AH and ESP with NAT in tunnel and transport modes is summarized in the following
table.
Y* - This is supported in the LTE Device if you enable NAT traversal.
16.5.7 ID Type and Content
With aggressive negotiation mode (see Section 16.5.4 on page 158 ), the LTE Device identifies
incoming SAs by ID type and content since this identifying information is not encrypted. This
enables the LTE Device to distinguish between multiple rules for SAs that connect from remote
IPSec routers that have dynamic WAN IP addresses.
Regardless of the ID type and content configuration, the LTE Device does not allow you to save
multiple active rules with overlapping local and remote IP addresses.
With main mode (see Section 16.5.4 on page 158 ), the ID type and content are encrypted to
provide identity protection. In this case the LTE Device can distinguish between different incoming
SAs that connect from remote IPSec routers that have dynamic WAN IP addresses. The LTE Device
can distinguish different incoming SAs and you can select between different encryption algorithms,
authentication algorithms and key groups when you configure a VPN rule. The ID type and content
act as an extra level of identification for incoming SAs.
Table 65
VPN and NAT
SECURITY PROTOCOL MODE NAT
AH Transport N
AH Tunnel N
ESP Transport Y*
ESP Tunnel Y
A
B