87
Appendix C Glossary
10Base-T
IEEE 802.3 standard for the use of Ethernet LAN technology over unshielded twisted pair wiring,
running at 10Mbps.
ADSL
Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line - Technology that delivers high-speed data and voice
connections over existing phone lines. Up to 8 Mbits/sec can be sent downstream and 640
Kbits/sec upstream.
ANSI (American National Standards Institute)
Devises and proposes recommendations for international communications standards.
ARP
Address Resolution Protocol. An Internet protocol used to bind an IP address to Ethernet/802.3
addresses.
ASCII
American Standard Code for Information Interchange. 8-bit code for character representation.
ATM
Asynchronous Transfer Mode - Cell-relay broadband technology for high-speed transmission of
video, audio, data over LAN/WAN, making use of fixed-size cells (53-byte cells).
Bridge
A device that segments network traffic. A bridge maintains a list of each segment’s nodes and only
traffic destined for a node on the adjacent segment is passed across the bridge. A bridge operates at
Layer 2 of the OSI reference model.
CHAP
Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol. A security protocol supported under Point-to-Point
Protocol (PPP) used to prevent unauthorized access to devices and remote networks. Uses
encryption of password, device names, and random number generation.
Class A, B, and C networks:
The values assigned to the first few bits in an IP network address determine which class
designation the network has. In decimal notation, Class A network addresses range from 1.X.X.X to
126.X.X.X, Class B network addresses range from 128.1.X.X to 191.254.X.X, and Class C addresses
range from 192.0.1.X to 223.255.254.X.
Client
An intelligent workstation that makes requests to other computers known as servers. PC
computers on a LAN can be clients.
Community strings
Sequences of characters that serve much like passwords for devices using SNMP. Different
community strings may be used to allow an SNMP user to gather device information or change
device configurations.
Console port
Device used by the network administrator to configure and monitor the Modem. The console port
employs an RS232 interface. Command Line Interface are used on the console port.
DHCP
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol - Service that provides network information (such as IP
addresses, masks, domain names) to PCs and other clients automatically.
DNS
Domain Name Service - Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) service which
translates a name that a person can remember into an IP address that a computer can use.
DTE
Data Terminal Equipment -
Term defined by standards committees, that applies to
communications equipment, typically personal computers or data terminals, as distinct from other
devices that attach to the network, typically modems.
