6. Reference Information
Modem
A device that modulates a carrier signal to encode digital information, and also demodulates such a
carrier signal to decode transmitted information.
MR
Modified Read (MR) is a compression method recommended by ITUT T.4. MR encodes the first
scanned line using MH. The next line is compared to the first, the differences determined, and then the
differences are encoded and transmitted.
NetWare
A network operating system developed by Novell, Inc. It initially used cooperative multitasking to
run various services on a PC, and the network protocols were based on the archetypal Xerox XNS
stack. Today NetWare supports TCP/IP as well as IPX/SPX.
NFC Printing
The NFC(Near Field Communication) printer allows you to directly print/scan from your cell phone
just by holding your cell phone over the NFC tag on your printer. It does not require installing print
driver or connecting to an access point. You just need NFC supported cell phone. In order to use this
feature, Samsung Mobile Print app needs to be installed on your cell phone.
OPC
Organic Photo Conductor (OPC) is a mechanism that makes a virtual image for print using a laser
beam emitted from a laser printer, and it is usually green or rust colored and has a cylinder shape.
An imaging unit containing a drum slowly wears the drum surface by its usage in the printer, and
it should be replaced appropriately since it gets worn from contact with the cartridge development
brush, cleaning mechanism, and paper.
Originals
The first example of something, such as a document, photograph or text, etc, which is copied,
reproduced or translated to produce others, but which is not itself copied or derived from something
else.
OSI
Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) is a model developed by the International Organization for
Standardization (ISO) for communications. OSI offers a standard, modular approach to network
design that divides the required set of complex functions into manageable, self-contained, functional
layers. The layers are, from top to bottom, Application, Presentation, Session, Transport, Network,
Data Link and Physical.
PABX
A private automatic branch exchange (PABX) is an automatic telephone switching system within a
private enterprise.
PCL
Printer Command Language (PCL) is a Page Description Language (PDL) developed by HP as a
printer protocol and has become an industry standard. Originally developed for early inkjet printers,
PCL has been released in varying levels for thermal, dot matrix printer, and laser printers.
Portable Document Format (PDF) is a proprietary file format developed by Adobe Systems for
representing two dimensional documents in a device independent and resolution independent format.
PostScript(PS)
PostScript (PS) is a page description language and programming language used primarily in the
electronic and desktop publishing areas. - that is run in an interpreter to generate an image.
Printer Driver
A program used to send commands and transfer data from the computer to the printer.
Print Media
The media like paper, envelopes, labels, and transparencies which can be used in a printer, a scanner, a
fax or, a copier.
PPM
Pages Per Minute (PPM) is a method of measurement for determining how fast a printer works,
meaning the number of pages a printer can produce in one minute.
PRN file
An interface for a device driver, this allows software to interact with the device driver using standard
input/output system calls, which simplifies many tasks.
Protocol
A convention or standard that controls or enables the connection, communication, and data transfer
between two computing endpoints.
PSTN
The Public-Switched Telephone Network (PSTN) is the network of the world's public circuit-switched
telephone networks which, on industrial premises, is usually routed through the switchboard.
RADIUS
Remote Authentication Dial In User Service (RADIUS) is a protocol for remote user authentication
and accounting. RADIUS enables centralized management of authentication data such as usernames
and passwords using an AAA (authentication, authorization, and accounting) concept to manage
network access.
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