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Chapter

Camera Calibration

3-4

Visionscape FrontRunner™ User’s Manual

v4.1.3, April 2012

Under “Select the Camera to Calibrate”, highlight (to select) a
camera.

–

If you select “I Want to Calibrate a Particular Camera, and apply it
to all Snapshots that use that Camera”, “Select the Camera to
Calibrate” will list the cameras that are being used in the current
Job.

–

If you select “I Want to Calibrate Each Snapshot Individually”,
then each Inspection step is listed, with each of its Snapshots
underneath.

10.

Click Next.

FrontRunner™ displays the Calibration screen shown in Figure 3–3.

Summary of Contents for Visionscape FrontRunner

Page 1: ...Visionscape FrontRunner User s Manual 83 100042 02 Rev A v4 1 3 April 2012...

Page 2: ...e are using the names to the benefit of the trademark owner with no intention of infringement Disclaimer The information and specifications described in this manual are subject to change without notic...

Page 3: ...verview 1 4 Supported PCs 1 9 VS 1 Smart Camera Models 1 10 Effective Frame Per Second and Pipeline Operation Formulas 1 10 Triggering Rules for Single Channel Devices 1 12 Setup and Runtime 1 12 Visi...

Page 4: ...e Acquire Step 2 6 The Snapshot Step 2 7 The Vision System Step 2 8 Focus and Lighting 2 8 Exposure Time 2 9 Steps and Tools 2 9 Adding Steps and Tools 2 9 Training and Untraining Tools 2 10 Trying Ou...

Page 5: ...See in FrontRunner 2 48 File Menu 2 48 View Menu 2 50 Help Menu 2 53 Miscellaneous 2 54 Displaying Important Information About a Camera 2 54 Configuring I O Buttons 2 54 What I O Buttons Look Like 2 5...

Page 6: ...the Part Queue 4 12 Selecting the Default Folder Location 4 13 APPENDIX A Creating a Good Image A 1 Determining Field Of View FOV A 1 Selecting a Lens A 2 Illuminating the Part A 4 Lighting Considera...

Page 7: ...nterface environment Chapter 3 provides a specific guide to camera calibration using the facilities contained in FrontRunner Chapter 4 provides specific information about the Part Queue Manual Convent...

Page 8: ...Preface viii Visionscape FrontRunner User s Manual v4 1 3 April 2012...

Page 9: ...All Visionscape applications commonly referred to as Jobs have the following components and characteristics A Machine Vision Program Commonly referred to as an AVP or Job A Job is a collection of Vis...

Page 10: ...veral types of Vision Systems The VS 1 Smart Camera A networked Smart Camera for use in machine vision and traceability applications It has integrated lighting optics imaging processing I O and commun...

Page 11: ...scape FrontRunner Overview FrontRunner is an application development and monitoring GUI FrontRunner gives you full access to Visionscape tools Using FrontRunner you can Train tryout and download a Job...

Page 12: ...Chapter 1 Visionscape Overview 1 4 Visionscape FrontRunner User s Manual v4 1 3 April 2012 FIGURE 1 2 Assemble Jobs and Adjust Parameters...

Page 13: ...Visionscape FrontRunner Overview Visionscape Overview 1 v4 1 3 April 2012 Visionscape FrontRunner User s Manual 1 5 Monitor a Vision System see Figure 1 3 FIGURE 1 3 Monitor Vision System...

Page 14: ...udes Image preprocessing Image arithmetic warping binary and gray scale morphology edge enhancement other filtering etc Image analysis Flaw detection blob analysis edge detection and fitting vector ed...

Page 15: ...and stop vision inspections at runtime as well as receive inspection results and runtime images Note Setup and Runtime modes are mutually exclusive That is only one mode can control a vision system V...

Page 16: ...currently selected in FrontRunner focused device Note You cannot upgrade a non IntelliFind VS 1 Smart Camera in the field Visionscape Software Structure and Concepts Steps and Trees A Step represents...

Page 17: ...d of execution Several steps are common to every Job you create These are Job VisionSystem Inspection and Snapshot Acquire Job Step The Job Step is the root of all steps in the Job Tree When you creat...

Page 18: ...pBackplane and can be changed later to assume a different Vision System The Vision System Step has parameters that allow you to set the camera type to be used by the system set the parameters of the b...

Page 19: ...ould be taken to make sure that multiple Snapshot steps do not attempt to use the single camera at the same time In Figure 1 8 the Job contains two Inspection steps renamed to Flaw Inspection and Data...

Page 20: ...Acquire step is a preprocessing step of the Snapshot Though it is a child of the Snapshot it is executed before the Snapshot When no triggers are selected see Figure 1 8 Job With Multiple Inspection S...

Page 21: ...r bmp image list when programmed to capture from disk To determine the size of an avp from FrontRunner select File Show Job Info and navigate to the avp file on the disk FrontRunner displays a dialog...

Page 22: ...ld live in separate avp files for other devices must be combined into a single avp with multiple inspections for the purpose of running on the Smart Camera This is done by loading each avp into a sepa...

Page 23: ...l the hardware You can train and tryout tools and debug your Job In Runtime mode you download your Job to the GigE Camera or VS 1 Smart Camera for full speed operations The runtime objects control the...

Page 24: ...pen a Visionscape V4 0 Job using Visionscape V4 1 the Job automatically becomes a V4 1 Job even if no changes are made to the Job You can monitor but not program a V4 0 Job on a VS 1 Smart Camera with...

Page 25: ...ntRunner 2 v4 1 3 April 2012 Visionscape FrontRunner User s Manual 2 3 FIGURE 2 1 Device Toolbar with No Devices FIGURE 2 2 Initial FrontRunner Startup No GigE Cameras or Software Systems Device Toolb...

Page 26: ...page 2 4 Add a button for a Smart Camera see Adding and Controlling a Smart Camera on page 2 5 Quit out of the dialog box and remain at the main FrontRunner window Adding a Software System To add a S...

Page 27: ...that it is connected to your PC After you add the camera and before you start building a Job you have to take control of the camera on which you want to build a Job Other users can still see the came...

Page 28: ...password default is vision 4 Click OK Now you have control of the camera 5 Click Create New Program to begin the process of building a Job FrontRunner displays its main window which contains the key s...

Page 29: ...ed Gain and Offset which determine what is applied to the incoming video signal Note The Visionscape Tools Reference contains detailed information about Gain and Offset Chapter 1 describes these advan...

Page 30: ...ob Step The Blob Step is used by the Calibration Manager to find the calibration blobs in the image and update its PhysCalDots Point List datum calculate the calibration matrices then update the Calib...

Page 31: ...Live Video shows you exactly what the Smart Camera sees in real time You want the part to be as clear and distinct as possible Use the Zoom buttons just to the right of the Live Video button to enlar...

Page 32: ...dd the steps and tools building the Job that accomplishes the task that you want to accomplish Visionscape tools fit into the following categories Analysis tools Image and Pre processing tools Measure...

Page 33: ...d a larger variety of images For example if you untrain the Data Matrix tool that was trained to read a Data Matrix with 12 rows and 12 columns it will read a Data Matrix with 12 rows and 12 columns 1...

Page 34: ...If you want to save the current Job with a different name select File Save Job As In the File name text box type a different name for the Job you want to save and then click Save Note If the current J...

Page 35: ...ic Concepts FrontRunner 2 v4 1 3 April 2012 Visionscape FrontRunner User s Manual 2 13 FIGURE 2 5 Menu Displayed Save Image Starting a Job Start the Job on the device by clicking Start Program on Devi...

Page 36: ...simply by clicking Snapshot buttons in the Control Bar Figure 2 6 Note Even though the Image Rate and selectors apply conceptually to a single Snapshot within the same inspection all image views shar...

Page 37: ...p Views Snap View Area This area displays the selected Snapshot views for the Inspection based on the layout you select You can zoom the image save graphics and change the view refresh rate and freeze...

Page 38: ...pril 2012 FIGURE 2 7 Four Snap Views Zoom Buttons and Drop Down Menus Save Current Image Saves the current image as either a tif file or a bmp file You will be prompted to specify a file name You can...

Page 39: ...Note Any change you make apply to all snapshots in the Inspection Maximum Rate w drops Every Image no drops Specifies the rate at which FrontRunner should display images Note Any change you make apply...

Page 40: ...For this special case either select the Every Image no drops or insert a WaitStep in the avp with a small wait time let say 10 msec to allow the image to be rendered on the screen Figure 2 8 shows fo...

Page 41: ...FrontRunner 2 v4 1 3 April 2012 Visionscape FrontRunner User s Manual 2 19 FIGURE 2 9 Timing Information for Inspection 1 Figure 2 10 shows four inspections with extended information displayed for the...

Page 42: ...are not simulators or emulators of a GigE Camera or the VS 1 Smart Camera Jobs that run on a Software System use the CPU resources and memory of the host PC A dongle is required to run Jobs on a Soft...

Page 43: ...iginally and must be populated also When loaded on a physical device you must change the Acquire mode to Acquire from Camera to enable acquisition from the device CCD sensor For complete information a...

Page 44: ...ostic purposes Use the following procedure to simulate a trigger 1 Create a new Job or open an existing Job 2 Click Editor to display the Editor window 3 In the left pane select Acquire Note You may h...

Page 45: ...Click Connect Disconnect Note When the Connect Disconnect button is green you are connected 11 Select the Virtual I O trigger lower right hand side of screen you selected previously in the Acquire pro...

Page 46: ...perating System the avp runs on and also on the number of Virtual I O points programmed to be triggers The following information provide guidelines based on Device OS configurations GigE Cameras and S...

Page 47: ...dow to display the signals in different time segments The time segment and the total time of the recorded signals are displayed above this slider A summary of transitions or trace statistics of each s...

Page 48: ...information about the Part Queue see Chapter 4 The Part Queue Windows You ll See In FrontRunner The Main FrontRunner Window FIGURE 2 13 Main FrontRunner Window This is the main FrontRunner window Take...

Page 49: ...ight click on the VS tray icon Click Display AvpBackplane The Visionscape AvpBackplane dialog box is displayed Highlight the name of the Software System you want to delete Click Remove then Yes and fi...

Page 50: ...lease wait Toolbar This dynamic toolbar contains icons for FrontRunner tools The Setup Window FrontRunner displays the Setup window after you click Create New Program or Open Existing Program This is...

Page 51: ...r the Smart Camera named HawkEyeE1000E This icon indicates the following The yellow background indicates that you have control of the Smart Camera The pencil indicates that the Job on the PC is being...

Page 52: ...a Job that was previously saved to disk Save Program Saves the current Job to disk on the PC If the Job already resides on disk FrontRunner will simply save the Job Create New Program Open Existing Pr...

Page 53: ...oad Program from PC to Device Downloads the current Job from the PC to the camera Start Program on Device Stop Program on Device Use these buttons to start and stop the current Job Train Selected Step...

Page 54: ...ob on the PC once and then stops Tryout Current Step on PC Runs the current step on the PC Acquire New Image Acquires a new image Live Video Allows you to see exactly what the camera is seeing in real...

Page 55: ...e I O During Tryout Enables disables I O during tryout Use Triggers During Tryout Enables disables triggers when running a tryout Automatic Train Step after Change When checked FrontRunner automatical...

Page 56: ...g Tryout Program on PC in a Loop f Click the Reports button to display the Statistics and Results window Notice that FrontRunner has added the Show Timing Report button to the Statistics and Results w...

Page 57: ...ains buttons for the following tools Editor see The Editor Window on page 2 38 Reports see The Reports Window on page 2 41 Calibration see Chapter 3 Camera Calibration I O see The I O Display Window o...

Page 58: ...ds the top left of the image with size 100x100 Note If this menu option is selected while the mouse is inside a tool in the Image a new menu entry is available Insert Step into current tool Peg Image...

Page 59: ...seen without their clutter underneath Show Overlay If Custom VB code has written in the overlay for this image these additional typically non tool graphics can be hidden or shown on the image Shape Hi...

Page 60: ...s the image to fit the window Zoom 1 1 Displays the image in its actual size Saving an Image Right click on the image you want to save In the Context menu select Save Image to save the current image t...

Page 61: ...ontRunner FrontRunner 2 v4 1 3 April 2012 Visionscape FrontRunner User s Manual 2 39 FIGURE 2 17 Editor Window Editor Window Toolbar Buttons The Editor window contains the following buttons Job Proper...

Page 62: ...the selected step otherwise click No Cut FrontRunner cuts the currently selected step FrontRunner will display the Delete Step dialog box To cut the selected step click OK otherwise click Cancel Copy...

Page 63: ...pection Step s Select Results to Upload datum It displays inspection counts overruns and memory statistics The Reports window contains the following buttons FIGURE 2 20 Statistics and Report Window Bu...

Page 64: ...oard Copies the data to the Clipboard as tab delimited text Statistics Cycle Counts Displays the total number of inspection cycles so far as well as the number of passed and failed inspections The Par...

Page 65: ...a is displayed in the columns to the right Most results in Visionscape are returned as either a single value a distance a tool status the number of blobs etc or as a one dimensional array a point a li...

Page 66: ...ay as they occur When an I O point is asserted the button turns red You can also click the button to toggle the I O point For GPIO points programmed as inputs as well as for Sensors clicking the butto...

Page 67: ...ndows XP Accuracy 5 msec typical trigger to trigger time increases as more triggers are generated Windows 2000 Accuracy 25 msec typical trigger to trigger time increases as more triggers are generated...

Page 68: ...amera but cannot connect to it Such a device is on the same physical network as the client but its IP settings IP address and network mask are incompatible with the client PC preventing any point to p...

Page 69: ...status of the Smart Camera Controller The IP address of the PC that is controlling the Smart Camera Job The name of the Job that is loaded on the Smart Camera Note For the Job name to be displayed in...

Page 70: ...you can change the name of the Smart Camera over Ethernet without a serial connection and HyperTerminal This change is dynamic and does not require you to reboot the Smart Camera Use the following pro...

Page 71: ...FrontRunner changes the original camera name to the new camera name Changing a Camera s IP Settings Note You will need the user name and password for the camera whose IP settings you want to change F...

Page 72: ...one of the adapters in the PC 4 Click OK FrontRunner displays the Login to device dialog box 5 Enter the user name and password for the camera 6 Click OK The Smart Camera reboots automatically and the...

Page 73: ...e camera 9 Click OK The camera s password has been changed Menus You ll See in FrontRunner File Menu The File menu contains the following menu items New Job Displays the Setup window Open Job Opens a...

Page 74: ...Visionscape FrontRunner User s Manual v4 1 3 April 2012 Save Job As Allows you to save the current Job to disk on the PC and give the Job another name FrontRunner displays the Save As dialog box Spec...

Page 75: ...NONE which will construct the output string datum but not transmit the result on any port After you select Configure Device FrontRunner displays the Configure dialog box Configure the various paramete...

Page 76: ...l Policies group and then User Rights Assignments You ll need to add your user account to the Increase scheduling priority setting if you are not running as an Administrator Reports From this page you...

Page 77: ...about the Part Queue see Chapter 4 The Part Queue Debug Output Displays output messages from Perl scripts and internal messages from the Visionscape Framework and from FrontRunner FIGURE 2 23 Debug W...

Page 78: ...al v4 1 3 April 2012 Note Active logging of debug messages can affect Visionscape s ability to process Jobs Copy contents of Debug Window to Clipboard Copies the contents to the Clipboard as tab delim...

Page 79: ...ns in the Color Display options The threshold s are displayed in the toolbar along with sliders You can type in the thresholds directly or use the sliders to change the current values The linear effec...

Page 80: ...en the Visionscape V4 1 ReadMe file Visionscape User Manual Click on this menu item to open the Visionscape User Manual PDF Visionscape Tools Reference Click on this menu item to open the Visionscape...

Page 81: ...Runner The snapshot step shows the color image as acquired from the camera The buffer manager control in FrontRunner shows both the RGB and HSI red 0 values under the cursor if the image acquired is a...

Page 82: ...n using a color camera the upper right of the image display will include the text of the current image plane displayed The default with be the RGB color image Channel selection will be limited to thos...

Page 83: ...1 3 April 2012 Visionscape FrontRunner User s Manual 2 61 When the user selects the RGB Color text a dropdown menu will appear allowing the user to select from the image channels used in the job FIGUR...

Page 84: ...nscape FrontRunner User s Manual v4 1 3 April 2012 In the following example the user has selected the Intensity image channel At this point the software will now display that channel FIGURE 2 28 Runti...

Page 85: ...con to zoom the image the name of the image channel zoomed will appear in the image status bar next to the pixel value and location FIGURE 2 29 Zoom Options with Color Runtime Display Note The user wi...

Page 86: ...the camera button Information includes Type of Smart Camera IP address of PC controlling the camera Name of currently loaded Job Date currently loaded Job was created or modified Name of PC controlli...

Page 87: ...licked adds a new IO button Remove When clicked removes an existing IO button Type Is one of the following Virtual Allows you to generate IO data using software Physical Allows you to generate IO data...

Page 88: ...Chapter 2 FrontRunner 2 66 Visionscape FrontRunner User s Manual v4 1 3 April 2012 FIGURE 2 31 I O Buttons Configured P2 is Low P6 and V3 are High...

Page 89: ...b on a camera you must do either of the following Upload the Job to the PC configure the I O buttons and then download the Job to the camera Load or create a Job configure the I O buttons and then dow...

Page 90: ...oolbar you can select different drawing tools and draw a mask in the ROI of a mask oriented tool You can enable the mask capability of an appropriate tool by selecting the tool in the Step Tree The Li...

Page 91: ...re ROI of the masked tool Enable Disable the mask Use normal tool insertion 1x1 square pen 2x2 square pen 4x4 square pen Draw free style with a brush Draw solid lines 6x6 square pen 8x8 square pen 10x...

Page 92: ...Chapter 2 FrontRunner 2 70 Visionscape FrontRunner User s Manual v4 1 3 April 2012...

Page 93: ...s chapter contains information about Using Robust Calibration on page 3 1 Using Quick Calibration on page 3 9 Using Previously Saved Calibration Data on page 3 17 Using Robust Calibration Note Before...

Page 94: ...FIGURE 3 1 Calibration Target Use the following procedure to robustly calibrate a camera 1 Create your Job 2 Place the calibration target under the camera 3 Click 4 Adjust the exposure and focus 5 Cl...

Page 95: ...it to all Snapshots that use that Camera You may have a Job that contains many Inspections and many Snapshots Many of those Snapshots may reference the same camera channel In this case using this opt...

Page 96: ...librate a Particular Camera and apply it to all Snapshots that use that Camera Select the Camera to Calibrate will list the cameras that are being used in the current Job If you select I Want to Calib...

Page 97: ...ration 3 v4 1 3 April 2012 Visionscape FrontRunner User s Manual 3 5 FIGURE 3 3 Robust Calibration 11 Enter the Calibration Dot locations for all targets 12 Click Next FrontRunner displays a screen si...

Page 98: ...bration 3 6 Visionscape FrontRunner User s Manual v4 1 3 April 2012 FIGURE 3 4 Run Calibration Blob Tool Note You may need to enlarge the window 13 Adjust the Calibration Blob ROI 14 Click Acquire 15...

Page 99: ...es are drawn to give you a sense of the angle of the target and the amount of perspective distortion that is present in your image The Calibration Results panel on the right side of the dialog will gi...

Page 100: ...Snapshot that you just calibrated Then this data can be reloaded into any other Snapshot step in this Job or any other Job by using the Load Calibration Data From File option on the main Calibration...

Page 101: ...a file name click Save and then click Finished It s important to understand that when Calibration is performed the data is stored in the Snapshot step s of the Job so the Job needs to be saved when do...

Page 102: ...l Snapshots that use that Camera You may have a Job that contains many Inspections and many Snapshots Many of those Snapshots may reference the same camera channel In this case using this option you c...

Page 103: ...mply enter a distance in pixels and then a corresponding distance in world units inches millimeters etc and click Update Calibration For example say you ve taken a picture of the part that you wish to...

Page 104: ...e to the Finished page FrontRunner displays the Finished screen as shown in Figure 3 9 FIGURE 3 9 Calibration Finished 13 Select either of the Save options Save Calibration Data from just the Selected...

Page 105: ...page and then selecting the File Will hold Cal Data for my Entire Job Note You can only reload this data into an Job that has the same number of Snapshots If you select this save option FrontRunner d...

Page 106: ...ion of the Forward and Backward Transform Matrices that are used for calibration by Visionscape You can even manually modify the matrices directly BUT YOU SHOULD NOT MODIFY THEM UNLESS YOU FULLY UNDER...

Page 107: ...sidered 0 0 in the World Coordinate System In most cases you won t care about this but if you are trying to get positional data back from your inspection then this may be useful to you 3 Click Update...

Page 108: ...o any other Snapshot step in this Job or any other Job by using the Load Calibration Data From File option on the main Calibration page If you select this save option FrontRunner displays the Save Cal...

Page 109: ...Job so the Job needs to be saved when done You do not need to use the Save options on this page unless you want to load the Calibration Data into another Job or unless you want to simply have a back...

Page 110: ...d Calibration Data from File the Cal File Options are no longer grayed out 4 Select either of the Cal File options File Will Hold Cal Data for Just one Snapshot File Will Hold Cal Data for my Entire J...

Page 111: ...highlight to select a camera 7 Click Next FrontRunner displays the Select Cal File dialog box as shown in Figure 3 15 FIGURE 3 15 Cal File Dialog Box 8 Highlight to select a calibration file cal and c...

Page 112: ...Chapter 3 Camera Calibration 3 20 Visionscape FrontRunner User s Manual v4 1 3 April 2012...

Page 113: ...rt Results and images for passed parts Results and images for failed parts If you activate the Queue the Part Queue Viewer allows you to upload it and view any of the images and results that were stor...

Page 114: ...3 In the right pane of the editor click Show Advanced Datums as shown in Figure 4 1 FIGURE 4 1 Show Advanced Datums Button FrontRunner displays the Inspection Step properties page with the Part Queue...

Page 115: ...Storing Qualified Images on page 4 4 Note Clicking Store No Images the default stops the Part Queue 6 Click to the right of Part Queue Size Cycles and specify a value to indicate the number of images...

Page 116: ...n criteria that you specify in the Part Queue Qualifier If Part Queue Qualifier evaluates to TRUE then the image is saved in the Queue if it evaluates to FALSE then it is not When an inspection runs a...

Page 117: ...utton FrontRunner displays the Inspection Step properties page with the Part Queue properties displayed as shown in Figure 4 5 FIGURE 4 5 Inspection Step Properties Page Partial Page Displayed 6 Click...

Page 118: ...tRunner displays the Edit Expression dialog box as shown in Figure 4 7 FIGURE 4 7 Edit Expression Dialog Box 10 Notice the various expressions in the Edit Expression dialog box 11 To add an expression...

Page 119: ...onscape Tools Reference Viewing Images in the Part Queue After setting up and starting the Part Queue you can view images in the queue 1 To upload Part Queue click Note By default this clears the came...

Page 120: ...ick on the image in the filmstrip on the left that you want to display Saving Images and Records From the Part Queue you can save The current image with or without graphics All images with or without...

Page 121: ...1 From the Save drop down menu click Save Current Image TIF as shown in Figure 4 9 FIGURE 4 9 Save Current Image FrontRunner saves the image in the Jobs folder using the naming convention Inspection_...

Page 122: ...FrontRunner saves the images in the folder you specified Saving Current Image with Graphics from the Part Queue Use the following procedure to save the current image with graphics from the Part Queue...

Page 123: ...e Part Queue 1 From the Save drop down menu click Save All Images with Graphics BMP as shown in Figure 4 12 FIGURE 4 12 Save All Images with Graphics FrontRunner displays the Select Folder to Save All...

Page 124: ...13 Save Current Record FrontRunner displays the Select Current Record dialog box 2 Select a folder and click Save FrontRunner saves the record in the folder you specified The file name format is simil...

Page 125: ...ntRunner User s Manual 4 13 FIGURE 4 14 Record Information Saving All Records from the Part Queue Use the following procedure to save all records from the Part Queue 1 From the Save drop down menu cli...

Page 126: ...Runner saves all records in the folder you specified Selecting the Default Folder Location Use the following procedure to select the default folder location 1 From the Save drop down menu click Select...

Page 127: ...page A 1 Selecting a Lens on page A 2 Illuminating the Part on page A 4 Advanced Lighting on page A 11 Aperture on page A 15 Depth of Field on page A 16 Lighting Tips on page A 16 Determining Field O...

Page 128: ...ge on the left provides more detail and thus a more desirable image than the one on the right FIGURE A 1 Fields of View Selecting a Lens Selecting a lens is one of the most critical factors for obtain...

Page 129: ...Application Engineering for a recommendation that is specific to your measurement task for more information see Technical Support on page xi First determine the required horizontal field of view FY U...

Page 130: ...ble with the VS 1 Smart Camera than standard C mount lenses when performing accurate measurements Lenses for 35mm SLR cameras are more optically accurate and therefore more expensive However they are...

Page 131: ...e type of surface and its color before purchasing your illumination style Textured Reflective Diffuse Absorptive Geometry The geometry may determine the direction of the illumination Will the complete...

Page 132: ...SCDI Fluorescent Versus Incandescent Lighting Preference for using fluorescent lighting Table A 1 or incandescent lighting Table A 2 depends on several factors However the general rule is to use fluor...

Page 133: ...ted is not heated If you use conventional bulbs the part being inspected may get hot Lasers A laser is an excellent source of light when you need to Illuminate a small area Create a structured lightin...

Page 134: ...inspection applications work best with diffuse light FIGURE A 4 Diffuse Light Good sources of diffuse light include Fluorescent ring lights Long fluorescent bulbs with or without diffusers Point sourc...

Page 135: ...ghts Fiber optic sources Unfrosted incandescent light bulbs Strobe lights Placement of Light Sources There are three basic light source positions front side and back Front Lighting Front lighting is g...

Page 136: ...tle details as shown in Figure A 7 FIGURE A 7 Side Lighting Back Lighting Back lighting helps in the inspection of silhouettes for example the outer edges of a part It enhances the contrast between th...

Page 137: ...re may be helpful and you would not want to eliminate it For example a hole in an object may be more easily seen on a surface that has glare In all cases you will want to adjust the rotation of the po...

Page 138: ...al for flat specular surfaces Diffused On Axis Lighting provides more than 300 greater angular coverage of the lighting envelope than a similarly sized fluorescent ring light DOAL can be used at a dis...

Page 139: ...ing on distance to target FIGURE A 11 Diffused On Axis Lighting CDI Ideal for very uneven specular surfaces Continuous Diffuse Illumination CDI also known as Cloudy Day Illumination provides a hemisph...

Page 140: ...aces Square Continuous Diffuse Illumination SCDI increases the uniformity of on axis illumination by ensuring direct light from the diffuser is equally intense as light coming from the beam splitter a...

Page 141: ...stop indicates the size of the opening The larger the number the smaller the opening As you go from a smaller number to the next larger one e g 11 to 16 the amount of light reaching the target in the...

Page 142: ...out of focus Many lenses come with an information sheet detailing depth of field at various f stop settings and working distances Lighting Tips To light a round part try using a round light source th...

Page 143: ...flecting Panel DOAL CDI SCDI Detect broken microscope slides POINT FRONT Point Source Fiberlight or Incandescent DOAL CDI SCDI Use where high intensity lighting is required on small area Also for shad...

Page 144: ...iable glints on top lit reflective surfaces Color Interference and Gelatin Filters Discriminate copper and steel Make variable colored parts appear more similar to camera Strobe Strobe Source and Sync...

Page 145: ...k A 1 Browse For Folder Dialog Box 2 16 Buffer 1 15 Bufferpool 1 16 Buttons adding smart camera in frontrunner 2 26 software system 2 4 2 26 clear roi 2 53 2 59 click to record transitions to a dss fi...

Page 146: ...partq 4 13 Delay Between Steps in Tryout 2 32 Delete step dialog box 2 38 the currently selected step 2 38 Deleting software system 2 26 Depth Of Field A 16 Device buttons adding 2 25 configure 2 49...

Page 147: ...r selecting 2 16 Frame Datum List 2 7 Freeze last failed 2 16 next failed 2 16 this 2 16 Front Lighting A 9 FrontRunner displaying version number 2 53 main window icons 2 26 menus 2 48 multiple views...

Page 148: ...dress of camera displaying 2 54 Mask Tools 2 52 Maximum Rate w drops 2 16 Measuring Signal Lengths 2 24 Menus file 2 48 help 2 53 view 2 50 Messages intellifind 1 14 Modes runtime 1 12 setup 1 12 Mult...

Page 149: ...nspection counters 2 40 Results display extended 2 40 show in world calibrated space 2 40 Robust calibration 3 1 ROI Masking Toolbar displaying 2 58 Run Current Step then Jump to Next Step 2 31 Runtim...

Page 150: ...ing 2 46 Smart Camera Buttons adding in frontrunner 2 26 deleting in frontrunner 2 26 Snapshot Step 2 7 works with acquire step 1 18 Software System 2 19 adding 2 4 2 26 deleting 2 26 Start program on...

Page 151: ...ated 2 50 i o during tryout 2 32 triggers during tryout 2 32 V Version Number displaying frontrunner 2 53 Video starting live 2 31 stopping live 2 31 View Menu 2 50 debug output 2 51 digital soft scop...

Page 152: ...Index Index 8 Visionscape FrontRunner User s Manual v4 1 3 April 2012...

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