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Appendix H: Glossary
10/100 8-Port VPN Router
Encryption
- Encoding data to prevent it from being read by unauthorized people.
Ethernet
- A network protocol that specifies how data is placed on and retrieved from a common transmission
medium.
Firewall
- Security measures that protect the resources of a local network from intruders.
Firmware
- 1. In network devices, the programming that runs the device. 2. Programming loaded into read-only
memory (ROM) or programmable read-only memory (PROM) that cannot be altered by end-users.
FTP
(File Transfer Protocol) - A standard protocol for sending files between computers over a TCP/IP network and
the Internet.
Full Duplex
- The ability of a networking device to receive and transmit data simultaneously.
Gateway
- A system that interconnects networks.
Half Duplex
- Data transmission that can occur in two directions over a single line, but only one direction at a
time.
Hardware
- The physical aspect of computers, telecommunications, and other information technology devices.
HTTP
(HyperText Transport Protocol) - The communications protocol used to connect to servers on the World
Wide Web.
IP
(Internet Protocol) - A protocol used to send data over a network.
IP Address
- The address used to identify a computer or device on a network.
IPCONFIG
- A Windows 2000 and XP utility that displays the IP address for a particular networking device.
IPSec
(Internet Protocol Security) - A VPN protocol used to implement secure exchange of packets at the IP layer.
ISP
(Internet Service Provider) - A company that provides access to the Internet.
LAN
(Local Area Network) - The computers and networking products that make up the network in your home or
office.
MAC
(Media Access Control) Address - The unique address that a manufacturer assigns to each networking
device.
Multicasting
- Sending data to a group of destinations at once.