background image

BA-40100-0-V04  |  Maintenance Instructions TOPAX DX  |  5

Chapter 8: Controller

8. Controller 

Definitions

Definitions

Actual value (X)

The actual value of X of the measured value for 
the respective sensor is constantly indicated.

Default value (W)

The desired value W of a regulation is the value, 
which the automatic controller compensates to 
keep the process constant.

System deviation (X-W)

The offset X-W arises, if the actual value of X of 
the measured variable deviates from the adjusted 
default value W. The variable Y results from the 
offset and the adjusted control parameters. 

Actuating variable (Y)

The correcting variable Y of a regulation is the 
value that the automatic controller, accordingly to 
its adjusted parameters and the offset (X-W), de-
livers to the actuators (between 0% and 100 %).

8.1 P-controller

Proportional range Xp 

(Proportional effect or amplification of the Controller)
The proportional range Xp (p-range) of a proportional controller 
indicates  by  which  value  the  measured  variable  X  must  devi-
ate from the default value W, so that the correcting variable is 
Y = 100%. If the offset is smaller, then the correcting variable 
is proportionally likewise smaller. The correcting variable Y of a 
proportional  action  controller  is  affected  proportionally  only  by 
the offset (X - W). The P - Range is indicated in “%” and always 
refers to the measuring range final value. The proportional range 
is thus an indirect measure of the controller amplification KR:
 

K

R

 = 100% / Xp %

With a Xp range of 50% the controller amplification is :
100 /50 =   ->  Controller amplification  K

R

  = 

Xp = 50% means that the disturbance factor Y changes around 
100% when the actual value deviates by 50% from the default 
value (related to the measuring range final value).

8.2 PI or PID controller 

Reset time Tn

(integrals effect)of the PI-automatic controller)
The integral time of a PI- or PID-automatic controller is called 
reset time Tn. The integral time is the time required by the ma-
nipulated variable Y in the case of a constant deviation between 
default  and  actual  values  in  order  to  reach  the  same  change 
of the output signal, which is immediately produced by the p-
rate after the jump of the deviation between default and actual 
values. 

Example:  

Xp = 50% (amplification = )
Tn = 3min
(sudden change of the actual value by 15%)
After  a  sudden  deviation  of  the  actual  value  from  the  default 
value by around 15% (X-to-W), the correcting variable Y changes 
by the same rate as the controller amplification, that is twice the 
Xp value or by 30%. 
Because  of  the  integral  behaviour,  the  manipulated  variable 
continues to increase as long as the X-to-W deviation remains 
present  and  after  a  time Tn  =  3  minutes  reaches  once  again 
30% of correction variable increase.

Correction variable

Value

Measuring range for free chlorine

1,00 mg/l

X     (Actual value)

0,15 mg/l

W    (Default value)

0,30 mg/l

X - W

15 %

Xp   (P-Rate)

50 %

Tn

3 minutes

Y (Immediate power output of the automatic 
controller)

30 % through Xp

Y (power output of the automatic controller after 
3 minutes)

60 % through Tn

Reproaching time Tv

(differentials effect of the PID automatic controller)
By  a  differential  function  a  correction  factor  is  entered  in  the 
controlled system when the controlled variable begins to differ 
from the default value. The correcting variable depends on the 
speed by which the default-to-actual deviation takes place (thus 
not the actual deviation). The duration of the correction factor is 
determined by the reproaching time Tv. If the controlled variable 
does not change, thus the rate of change is “0”, the correction 
factor and the time constants Tv caused by the differential rate 
drop to “0” (even if the actual value keep deviating away from the 
default one). The fact that the regulation leads  the actual value to 
match with the default one  is caused mainly by the integrals por-
tion of the automatic controller. The differential rate often helps 
implementing  the  controller  result  because  it  acts  against  the 
trend to deviate. 

8.3 Calculation of the setting values 

In order for the controller to process actual values of free chlorine 
and  Ph  even  in  the  presence  of  very  slight  deviations  (almost 
close to the default values), it must be adjusted to the control-
led system. This is done via the control parameters Xp for the 
proportional area, Tn for the reset time of the integral range and 
the reproaching time Tv for the differential range. The determina-
tion of these settings can take place by means of taking up the 
step response of the controlled system. In addition the control 
members must suddenly and manually change from TO (0%) to 
ON (100%) or e.g. from 30% to 50% 
All values for the computation of the adjusting parameters can 
be obtained.

Summary of Contents for TOPAX DX

Page 1: ...ssor controlled standard computer EN 02 Dosing Conveying Control Liquids Gases Systems Operation Maintenance Instructions Read these operation and maintenance instructions before start up To be held f...

Page 2: ...t 18 5 2 Ph values input 19 5 3 REDOX sensor potential input 21 5 4 Temperature values inlet 22 5 5 Total chlorine values input and bonded chlorine display 22 5 6 Conductivity values input 22 6 Digita...

Page 3: ...important precautionary procedures should be taken included but nor limited to the following measures WARNING 1 Read and follow all instructions 2 WARNING In order to reduce the danger of an injury do...

Page 4: ...small arti cles do not left unnoticed in the packing Check the merchandise against the delivery bill and make sure that nothing is missing before signing and accepting the delivery If any discrepancy...

Page 5: ...REDOX potential measuring input Measuring range 0 1000 mV connection by means of BNC plug connectors for a combination electrodes or by means of terminal clips for max 0 5 mm with cable ends protecti...

Page 6: ...output remote communication cable M12 X 1 5 J Y St Y 2x2x0 6 mm 5 0 mm Input chlorine measuring cell M12 X 1 5 LIYY 2x 0 25 mm Digital inputs for each input remote communication cable M12 X 1 5 J Y S...

Page 7: ...AX DX Open the casing The bolts hinge pivots are purposely tightened so that they can only be removed using a tool To unscrew first release the nut and then pull out the bolts downwards Use an M4 scre...

Page 8: ...alled with a tone All announcements in the individual menus are written in clear text Fig 4 4 front shell left with display and rear shell of the device 4 4 Technical components Besides the main board...

Page 9: ...to a PC The MODBUS Protocol is installed for the protocol of the data transfer With the RS 485 interface it is possible to connect more than one TOPAX DX to a network For this purpose each TOPAX DX h...

Page 10: ...ections The equipment may be installed and attached only by authorized and qualified electricians The connection has to take place as per the attached terminal diagrams Insert the cables in the variou...

Page 11: ...r technology Measuring cables may not be parallel when too close less than 15cm to power switches and or cables for power installation Separate cable channels are to be used Disturbing stray effects c...

Page 12: ...Measurement output 0 4 20 mA Temperature or programmed as controller output 8 9 Measurement output 0 4 20 mA Bonded Chlorine or programmed as controller output 10 11 Measurement output 0 4 20 mA Cond...

Page 13: ...unction Color 71 Reference electrode with cable free chlorine potentiostatic electrode Reference electrode glass black Counter electrode stainless steel red Measurement electrode Gold violett 72 Count...

Page 14: ...TOPAX DX is programmed by the manufacturer based on custom ers specs before shipment and is supplied along with a terminal connection diagram Ineffective or impossible configurations for instance dou...

Page 15: ...next key the TOPAX DX goes to menu 0 4 1 The TOPAX DX checks by means of the installed components which connections are possible and offers per the connections presents a choice in options Menu 0 4 1...

Page 16: ...nu Menu 0 4 9 output conductivity Menu appears when input conductivity is ON With the arrow keys und you can select between the following options impulsefrequency opto impulsefrequency relais impulsle...

Page 17: ...individual menus 0 6 1 to 0 6 4 press either the next or the back key or the arrow keys and To finalise the total configuration confirm the connection plan with the OK key The TOPAX DX then moves to...

Page 18: ...on the Ph value of the streaming water flow which results form the reaction of chloride ions to different Ph values This relationship further determines the chlorine dissociation curve based on Ph va...

Page 19: ...rocess After calibration of the free chlorine is completed you may even tually switch to calibration of the total chlorine detector by sim ply pressing on next NOTE When measuring the free chlorine wi...

Page 20: ...solution a volt age of 12 mV should be displayed on the TOPAX DX Keep in mind that the physically measured value may slightly differ from the design value When the physical value on the display becom...

Page 21: ...combination electrode 0 1000 mVs Input impedance 109 ohms Measuring accuracy 1 after the calibration REDOX potential is measured with REDOX combination elec trodes This measuring electrode detects th...

Page 22: ...t from the measuring water at the measuring cell and the power signal at the time is to be stored in the TOPAX DX around signal fluctuations during the DPD regulation as to exclude measuring errors By...

Page 23: ...vated by an external contact during filter cleaning The automatic controller functions are set for to 0 and the writing external out appears in the display during this time If the contact is again rel...

Page 24: ...3 point incremental output for servo motors with without position feedback Relay output e g for chlorine gas valve C7700 for servo en gines with feedback position can be attached to an acknowl edging...

Page 25: ...Tn 3min sudden change of the actual value by 15 After a sudden deviation of the actual value from the default value by around 15 X to W the correcting variable Y changes by the same rate as the contro...

Page 26: ...ue Tn value Tv value Proportional controller P 1 500 Proportional integral automatic controller PI 1 500 1 200 min Proportional differential automatic controller PD 1 500 1 1200 s Proportional integra...

Page 27: ...lated in the service menu see chapter 16 menu 2 3 recorders Adjust ment of the outputs to the external devices can be made in the main Recorder menu Any measurement can be assigned to a minimum value...

Page 28: ...ts the hysteresis must be known The DIN contact is closed when all the measured values are in the adjusted range WARNING If no total chlorine was measured and thus no bon ded chlorine was determined t...

Page 29: ...ng outputs can be configured Pulse frequency with optocoupler pulse frequency with relays pulse length with relays constant exit 0 4 20 mA ON OFF with relays WARNING The night time operation of the fl...

Page 30: ...of the automatic controller data cannot be accomplished and the system self setting process is stopped NOTE Do not alter the recirculation capacity during system self setting Start measuring range 1...

Page 31: ...main menu and output point to reach all further sub menus and their functions Menu 2 serves as a sub main menu see menu 2 mg l mV pH alarms controller ESC 039 702 719 09 0 menu 2 recorder night mode s...

Page 32: ...rs are calibrated with the inputs According to the setting the following inputs can be se lected Menu Input Button 1 2 1 Free chlorine free chlorine 1 2 2 pH value pH value 1 2 3 3 Redox Redox 1 2 4 3...

Page 33: ...nted by coloured curves that can be constructed at different time intervals but over a range varying from 4 24 hours To change the desired time to a respectively bigger or smaller interval use the Zoo...

Page 34: ...configured in this menu Menu Controller Configuration Required value 2 1 1 Free Chlorine 2 1 1 1 diredction lift lower 2 1 1 2 flow input flow input multiply on off 2 1 1 3 Parameter overview 2 1 1 3...

Page 35: ...4 4 Alarm delay time OFF or ON value 2 2 5 Combinded chlorine 2 2 5 1 Maximum Alarm OFF or ON value 2 2 5 2 Minimum Alarm OFF or ON value 2 2 5 3 Y Alarm OFF or ON value 2 2 5 4 Alarm delay time OFF o...

Page 36: ...max 2 3 3 Redox Redox min max mV 2 3 4 temperature temperature min max C 2 3 5 combinded chlorine comb cl min max mg l 2 3 6 salt content salt min max Select in input Choose between minimum or maximum...

Page 37: ...t membrane covered cell REDOX Sensor 0 4 1 input free chlorine main menu menu 2 service configuration TOPAX DX can be reprogrammed at wish by the customer ac cording to own configuration requirements...

Page 38: ...ed on and you al locate to individual week days Menu 5 9 und 5 10 Code und Service Code main menu menu 2 service code service code In these menus you can block the various levels by using a 4 dig its...

Page 39: ...isplay main menu menu 2 Service display The menu permitts Assign a name to the device on the main display Set additional information on and off the main display Change the brightness of the display Me...

Page 40: ...Combination electrode Combination electrode Combination electrode Combination electrode Combination electrode REDOX Combination electrode Combination electrode Combination electrode Combination elect...

Page 41: ...ut block DO4 DO3 DO2 DO1 78399 DO7 DO6 DO5 DO0 free chlorine pH value Redox 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 20 mA power outputs digital inputs 36...

Page 42: ...1 DO7 DO6 DO5 DO0 reference electrode counter electrode stainless steel measuring electrode Gold C7700 2 3 1 11 10 12 OPEN CLOSED pH value dosing pump temperature water shortage 90 to 264 V AC 78399 C...

Page 43: ...90 to264 V AC 78399 CPRT ATE 5 fach 78404 C P 20mA ATE 78403 free cholrine potentiostatic electrode pH value Redox reference electrode counter electrode stainless steel measuring electrode Gold pH val...

Page 44: ...90 to 264 V AC RS 485 78399 CPRT ATE 5 fach 78404 C P 20mA ATE 78403 free cholrine potentiostatic electrode pH value Redox reference electrode counter electrode stainless steel measuring electrode Go...

Page 45: ...12 OPEN CLOSED 90 to 264 V AC total chlorine electrode 4 20 mA 78399 CPRT ATE 5 fach 78404 C P 20mA ATE 78403 Redox reference electrode counter electrode stainless steel measuring electrode Gold pH va...

Page 46: ...ps pH value Redox DO4 DO3 DO2 DO1 DO7 DO6 DO5 DO0 C7700 2 3 1 11 10 12 OPEN CLOSED temperature water shortage 90 to 264 V AC membrane covered electrode 4 20 mA free chlorine 78399 CPRT ATE 5 fach 7840...

Page 47: ...O5 DO0 C7700 2 3 1 11 10 12 OPEN CLOSED 90 to 264 V AC Total chlorine electrode 4 20 mA Conductivity 4 20 mA 78399 CPRT ATE 5 fach 78404 C P 20mA ATE 78403 free cholrine potentiostatic electrode pH va...

Page 48: ...O2 DO1 78404 78403 78402 DO7 DO6 DO5 DO0 78399 B A 78406 interface board 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 20 mA power outputs digital inputs 36 37...

Page 49: ...ne output Pulse frequency Optocoupler 100 pulses min pH output Impulsfrequenz Optocoupler 100 Imp min Bonded chlorine output ON OFF Relay Item code num ber 40100003 and 40100005 Conductivity output ON...

Page 50: ...d to clear the display Alarm message Possible causes Failures and troubles caused to the instrument Alarm relay Controller output 0 Max Alarm Measuring value max settings were exceeded activated progr...

Page 51: ...chlorine Bonded chlorine Conductivity Output types Free chlorine Output Output type Terminal clips Servo motor with potentiometer Motor Potentiometer with position feedback Servo motor without potenti...

Page 52: ...al clips Pulse frequency Optocoupler Pulse frequency Relay Pulse length Relay 0 4 20 mA continuous output ON OFF Relay OFF No controller function DIN Contact and ECO Mode Output Output Terminal clips...

Page 53: ...lemmenpl ne 10 Konfiguration 6 Konfiguration bei Auslieferung 44 L Leitf higkeit 19 Logbuch 27 M Membranbedeckte electrode 16 Men aufbau 36 Men struktur 29 Messwassermangel 20 Messwerteingang free chl...

Page 54: ...s If the product is modified without our consent this declaration loses its validity Product description Measuring and control unit Model designation TOPAX DX Relevant EC regulations EC Low Voltage Di...

Page 55: ...nal capacitynominal pressure Description of fault Type of fault 1 Mechanical fault 2 Electrical fault premature wear loose connections such as plug connector or cable wear parts operating elements e g...

Page 56: ...america com East Asia Lutz Jesco East Asia Sdn Bhd Taman Perindustrian Jaya 47200 Petaling Jaya Malaysia Phone 603 78454812 Fax 603 78458413 E Mail info lutz jescoasia com Internet www lutz jescoasia...

Reviews: