HPA-Faip M 322, Operator'S Manual

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M 322
Operator Manual 105
caused by the side ring.
11 - Flap . This is the part of the casing ply around the
side ring and placed against the casing, to secure
the ply and prevent it from slipping.
12 - Foot . This is the innermost layer of the tread in
contact with the belt, or if the latter is not present
(conventional tyres) with the last casing ply.
13 - Shoulder This is the most external part of the
tread, located between the corner and the start of
the sidewall.
14 - Bead . This is the part that joins the tyre to the
rim. The bead point (a) is the inner corner. The spur
(b) is the inner part of the bead. The base (c) is the
area resting against the rim. The groove (d) is the
concave part against which the rim shoulder rests.
Tube type tyres. As a tyre has to contain pressurised
air for a long period of time, an air chamber is used.
The valve for adding air and maintaining, controlling
and restoring air pressure is part of the chamber in
this case.
Tubeless tyres. Tubeless tyres consist of a tyre with
inner sidewall lined with a thin layer of special
impermeable rubber, called
liner . This liner helps
to maintain air pressure in the casing. This kind of
tyre must be mounted on a specific rim, to which
the valve is directly fixed.
II - Rim (Wheel).
The wheel is the rigid metal part
which connects the vehicle hub to the tyre, on a
fixed but non-permanent basis.
i rofile. The rim profile is the form of the section in
contact with the tyre. It comprises different geomet-
ric forms, which ensure: easy tyre mounting (bead
insertion in the rim well); safe driving, in terms of
the bead anchored in its seat.
The rim section shows its various parts: a) rim width
– b) shoulder height – c) tubeless anchoring (HUMP)
– d) valve hole – e) ventilation opening – f) off set –
g) central hole diameter – h) attachment hole centre
to centre i) keying diameter – j) rim well.
f
g h
i
a
c
b
d
e
j