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Glossary - 14

ForeRunner

ATM Switch Network Configuration Manual

Glossary

Far End Block Error (FEBE) -

an error detected by extracting the 4-bit FEBE field from the path

status byte (G1). The legal range for the 4-bit field is between 0000 and 1000, representing zero
to eight errors. Any other value is interpreted as zero errors.

Far End Receive Failure (FERF) -

a line error asserted when a 110 binary pattern is detected in

bits 6, 7, 8 of the K2 byte for five consecutive frames. A line FERF is removed when any pat-
tern other than 110 is detected in these bits for five consecutive frames.

Far-End -

in a relationship between two devices in a circuit, the far-end device is the one that is

remote.

Face Contact (FC) -

Designation for fiber optic connector designed by Nippon Telegraph and

Telephone which features a movable anti-rotation key allowing good repeatable performance
despite numerous mating. Normally referred to as Fiber Connector, FC actually stands for
Face Contact and sometimes linked with PC (Point Contact), designated as FC or FC-PC.

FCC Part 68 -

The FCC rules regulating the direct connection of non-telephone company pro-

vided equipment to the public telephone network.

Federal Communications Commission (FCC) -

a board of commissioners appointed by the Pres-

ident under the Communications Act of 1934, with the authority to regulate all interstate tele-
communications originating in the United States, including transmission over phone lines.

Fiber Distributed Data Interface (FDDI) -

high-speed data network that uses fiber-optic as the

physical medium. Operates in similar manner to Ethernet or Token Ring, only faster.

File Transfer Protocol (FTP) -

a TCP/IP protocol that lets a user on one computer access, and

transfer data to and from, another computer over a network. ftp is usually the name of the
program the user invokes to accomplish this task.

First-In, First-Out (FIFO) -

method of coordinating the sequential flow of data through a buffer.

Flag -

a bit pattern of six binary “1”s bounded by a binary “0” at each end (forms a 0111 1110 or

Hex “7E”). It is used to mark the beginning and/or end of a frame.

Flow Control -

The way in which information is controlled in a network to prevent loss of data

when the receiving buffer is near its capacity.

ForeThought PNNI (FT-PNNI) -

a FORE Systems routing and signalling protocol that uses pri-

vate ATM (NSAP) addresses; a precursor to ATM Forum PNNI (see PNNI).

Forward Error Correction (FEC) -

A technique used by a receiver for correcting errors incurred

in transmission over a communications channel without requiring retransmission of any
information by the transmitter; typically involves a convolution of the transmitted bits and the
appending of extra bits by both the receiver and transmitter using a common algorithm.

Forward Explicit Congestion Notification (FECN) -

Bit set by a Frame Relay network to inform

data terminal equipment (DTE) receiving the frame that congestion was experienced in the
path from source to destination. DTE receiving frames with the FECN bit set can request that
higher-level protocols take flow control action as appropriate.

Fractional T1 -

the use of bandwidth in 64Kbps increments up to 1.544Mbps from a T1 facility.