background image

 2

017-

03

58

WHA-GW-F2D2-0-A*-Z2-ETH

Configuration via Web Interface

Figure 5.16

Diagnostics > Wireless Communication > Topology View

Use the slider to zoom in or out of the topology view. To reset the zoom to its default value, click 

Reset Zoom

.

Click the devices in the topology view for more information on the device.
If required, click 

Refresh

 to reload the device information and rebuild the topology view. Note 

that rebuilding the topology view takes some time.

Topology View Parameters

Display connection paths for a single device

1. Select 

Selected

 in the 

Paths shown

 drop-down list.

2. Move the cursor over a device in the topology view.

 The connection paths are displayed for the select device.

Caution!

System failure
If you click 

Refresh

 right after the device was switched on or reset, the system may stop 

responding.
If the device was switched on or reset, wait about 1 minute until the boot process is complete 

before you click 

Refresh

.

Parameter

Description

Horizontal 

image origin

Displays the horizontal respectively vertical alignment of the background 

image. See chapter 5.5.8

Vertical 

image origin
Resolution

Displays the resolution of the background image. See chapter 5.5.8

Paths shown

Enables you to select the connection paths that are displayed in the topology 

view.

Table 5.11 Topology View Parameters

Содержание WHA-GW-F2D2-0-A-Z2-ETH

Страница 1: ...WHA GW F2D2 0 A Z2 ETH WirelessHART Gateway PROCESS AUTOMATION MANUAL...

Страница 2: ...of Delivery for Products and Services of the Electrical Indus try published by the Central Association of the Electrical Industry Zentralverband Elektrotechnik und Elektroindustrie ZVEI e V in its mos...

Страница 3: ...tors 13 2 3 1 LEDs 14 2 3 2 Buttons and DIP Switches 15 3 Installation 18 3 1 Mounting Considerations 18 3 1 1 Positioning the WirelessHART Gateway 18 3 1 2 Antenna Characteristics 18 3 1 3 Examples f...

Страница 4: ...9 5 5 Engineering 62 5 5 1 Instrument List 64 5 5 2 Downstream Communication 66 5 5 3 Substitution Value 67 5 5 4 Security Access Control List Temporary Join Key 68 5 5 5 MODBUS Mapping 69 5 5 6 Stale...

Страница 5: ...02 7 2 Configuration 105 8 Operation 109 8 1 MODBUS and HART Status Information on Lost Connection 109 8 2 Network Enhancement 112 9 Maintenance and Repair 114 9 1 WHA GW 114 10 Troubleshooting 115 10...

Страница 6: ...6 WHA GW F2D2 0 A Z2 ETH 12 4 Supported Commands 123 12 4 1 Universal Commands 124 12 4 2 Common Practice Commands 124 12 4 3 Wireless Commands 125 12 4 4 Device Commands 125 12 5 Software License 126...

Страница 7: ...conformity Certificates Control drawings Additional documents 1 1 2 Target Group Personnel Responsibility for planning assembly commissioning operation maintenance and dismounting lies with the plant...

Страница 8: ...n This symbol indicates a paragraph with instructions You are prompted to perform an action or a sequence of actions Danger This symbol indicates an imminent danger Non observance will result in perso...

Страница 9: ...ith a configuration software Furthermore it provides a web interface for direct access via a web browser Key Features Graphical network analysis Simple and automatic configuration options Ethernet and...

Страница 10: ...e that these resources are available For example the network manager informs other WirelessHART field devices when to repeat messages 2 1 2 Security Management The security manager is part of the Wire...

Страница 11: ...field devices connected to the WirelessHART adapter After communication to the WirelessHART gateway was lost the field devices regain their previous position as soon as the connection is re establish...

Страница 12: ...caches the device status byte separately for each wireless or wired device The device status will be cached from any type of received message no matter if from a wired or wireless device or if it is...

Страница 13: ...s and Indicators Inside the enclosure of the WirelessHART gateway there are LED indicators DIP switches and buttons The operating elements and indicators can be accessed when the enclosure is open Fig...

Страница 14: ...ight after power up or after a device reset LED off Power disconnected The LED may remain off for up to 40 seconds after connection to power system boot up WirelessHART communication status yellow LED...

Страница 15: ...o the factory default values After 3 seconds all LEDs light up to confirm the reset Function of button A B security mode disabled 3 seconds Password reset When pressed while the Security Mode is disab...

Страница 16: ...only Alternatively you can set the polling address using the configuration software See chapter 5 3 3 see chapter 5 3 4 If using the configuration software you can set addresses ranging from 0 63 HAR...

Страница 17: ...S protocol DIP switches 5 6 SW5 SW6 Baud rate OFF OFF 9600 ON OFF 19200 OFF ON 38400 ON ON 57600 Note The security mode has to be enabled DIP switch 8 to change the join key using the DTM or web inter...

Страница 18: ...erial running parallel to it Position the device as far away as possible from metal surfaces or walls containing metal There should be as little metal close to the device as possible Do not position o...

Страница 19: ...7 34 31 28 25 22 19 16 13 10 7 4 1 2 350 340 330 320 310 300 290 280 270 260 250 240 230 220 210 200 190 180 170 160 150 140 130 120 110 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 37 34 31 28 25 22 19 16 13 10...

Страница 20: ...ositioning Figure 3 3 Wave propagation schematic representation alpha approx 45 may vary considerably Figure 3 4 Good positioning Devices are within each other s antenna range 1 Weaker signal above an...

Страница 21: ...losion hazard from connection or disconnection activities Connection and disconnection of cables or antennas may cause a spark that can ignite a potentially explosive atmosphere Connect or disconnect...

Страница 22: ...ctions Figure 3 6 Installation diagram 1 External antenna omnidirectional or directional antenna 2 Coaxial adapter 3 Coaxial cable 4 4 surge protector 5 Coaxial cable 6 Coaxial adapter 7 WirelessHART...

Страница 23: ...dB ROD NF Omnidirectional rod antenna 6 dBi 10 dBm 2 m 2 m 5 m 5 m 1 m 5 m 2 m The use of alternative antennas is not allowed W ANT 2400 8dB PAN NF Directional panel antenna 8 5 dBi 10 dBm 5 m 2 m 5 m...

Страница 24: ...rstorms Danger Explosion hazard from connection or disconnection activities Connection and disconnection of cables or antennas may cause a spark that can ignite a potentially explosive atmosphere Conn...

Страница 25: ...protection during mounting and installation activities All seals must be undamaged and correctly fitted All screws of the housing housing cover must be tightened with the appropriate torque Only cable...

Страница 26: ...g installation and note the minimum bending radii of the cables Wiring the Ethernet Interface 1 Unscrew the 4 screws of the enclosure cover and remove the cover 2 Route the Ethernet cable through the...

Страница 27: ...nclosure cover on page 31 You do not need a RJ45 plug to connect the Ethernet cable to the WirelessHART gateway However you need a RJ45 plug at the other end of the cable to connect the cable to an Et...

Страница 28: ...control system is 1200 m or less depending on the cable type and transfer rate Use shielded twisted pair STP cables only Ensure sufficient relief of tension on the cables during installation and note...

Страница 29: ...ppropriate torque See table Installation torque for cable glands and enclosure cover on page 31 7 Seal empty cable glands with the provided plugs 8 Tighten the enclosure cover with appropriate torque...

Страница 30: ...e Figure 3 10 on page 30 7 If you want to connect a redundant power supply optional draw the second power cable through the cable gland on the far right of the enclosure 8 Connect the second power cab...

Страница 31: ...s of cable glands depend on what type of cable is used and must therefore be determined by the user The cap nuts must be securely tightened Tightening the cap nuts too tight can have a negative effect...

Страница 32: ...twork Settings Windows 7 1 Connect the Ethernet cable to the Ethernet jack of your PC 2 Choose Windows Icon Control Panel Network an Sharing Center 3 In the View your active networks section click Loc...

Страница 33: ...elessHART gateway 4 2 Connecting via RS 485 Once the WirelessHART gateway has been connected to the RS 485 bus you can connect the RS 485 bus to your PC This can be done by using an RS 485 to RS 232 c...

Страница 34: ...out to which COM port the converter is connected open the Windows device manager Click Windows Icon Control Panel System Device Manager 3 Under Ports COM LPT you see the converter and its COM port Ma...

Страница 35: ...e the IP address of the WirelessHART gateway into the address field The default IP address is 192 168 001 001 If you changed the IP address of the WirelessHART gateway type in the new IP address Depen...

Страница 36: ...rk Enter up to 32 characters Device Tag Identifies the field device within the process plant Enter up to 8 characters Descriptor Further description of the device Enter up to 16 characters Date User d...

Страница 37: ...unication Setup Changing the Join Key throughout the Network 1 In the web interface go to Wireless Communication Setup Note Prerequisites In order to change the join key network password parameter act...

Страница 38: ...on the NE 107 symbols see chapter 5 2 2 Tip Re Joining Devices with Issues For an overview of all devices in the network go to Wireless Communication Operating Modes NE 107 status information symbols...

Страница 39: ...network password Each wireless device needs this join key to be allowed to join the network The join key consists of up to 32 hexadecimal characters 0 9 a f There are 4 text fields Enter up to 8 hexad...

Страница 40: ...rmed for the new bandwidth profile to become active To reform the network choose Reform Network in the Additional Functions Reset menu Normal Bandwidth Profile Global Advertising Timeout If Global Adv...

Страница 41: ...device joins the network it is automatically inserted into the Operating Modes list if it is not already existing Wired devices connected to a WirelessHART adapter will also be inserted Figure 5 6 Pa...

Страница 42: ...yed here instead I O Card Indicates the virtual I O card number to which the device is mapped to See chapter 2 1 3 Channel Indicates the channel of the virtual I O card that the device is mapped to Se...

Страница 43: ...can activate the Fast Pipe option only for one device at a time Flush Cache This option deletes the cache of the received HART commands Note that the measured values will not be deleted to allow host...

Страница 44: ...ernet interface Figure 5 8 Parameter Wired Communication Interfaces Ethernet Parameter Description Default Termination Resistor Selection Select if you prefer to activate the termination resistor of t...

Страница 45: ...tion via the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol DHCP server If you choose Automatic all other input fields in the window will be grayed out read only Manually IP Address If using manual configuration...

Страница 46: ...ling address enter the polling address for the WirelessHART gateway 0 Baud Rate Selection Select DIP switches to specify the baud rate of the WirelessHART gateway using the DIP switches inside the enc...

Страница 47: ...e HART or MODBUS When using the serial interface only one protocol can be active at a time either HART or MODBUS depending on the value of the serial interface parameter Protocol Selection See chapter...

Страница 48: ...r is read only 1 Baud Rate Selection Select DIP switches to specify the baud rate of the WirelessHART gateway using the DIP switches inside the enclosure see chapter 2 3 or select Software to specify...

Страница 49: ...using the DTM and PACTware right click the device in the project tree and select Diag nostics 2 If using the web interface select Diagnostics in the navigation area on the left 5 4 1 Identification He...

Страница 50: ...ion of the device Date User defined date e g last parameter change Format DD MM YYYY The Date parameter is not modified by the WirelessHART gateway It must be set by the user or a host application Mes...

Страница 51: ...t is a wireless device or a wired device connected to a WirelessHART adapter Lifetime Network Statistics Reliability Percentage of data packets generated by wireless devices that were correctly receiv...

Страница 52: ...ou click Refresh Note If using the DTM and PACTware to configure the WirelessHART gateway the following data is available only during online parameterization Displayed Information Description Long Tag...

Страница 53: ...not identified flashing communication possible identification ongoing device connected and identified Dev Status Note that the device status displayed in the list may differ from the actual device st...

Страница 54: ...f the host Publishing of at least one command also ensures that the cached status information is updated for cached configuration commands Short publishing intervals may impair battery life of wireles...

Страница 55: ...el Indicates the channel of the virtual I O card that the device is mapped to See chapter 2 1 3 The value 0 identifies a WirelessHART device or a WirelessHART adapter while the value 1 identifies a wi...

Страница 56: ...stic Move the mouse over a path in order to display an information box with the following details Stability Radio signal strength intensity RSSI Move the mouse over a field device in order to display...

Страница 57: ...nformation available Example In the following example you can see that the devices WHA ADP CorrTran and Test_Dev_598 have no network connection red status icon and no connection paths and thus they ar...

Страница 58: ...aths shown drop down list 2 Move the cursor over a device in the topology view The connection paths are displayed for the select device Caution System failure If you click Refresh right after the devi...

Страница 59: ...nly available when online Figure 5 17 Diagnostics Wired Communication Overview Overview Information Displayed Information Description Messages received through HOST Total bytes received by the host sy...

Страница 60: ...by the WirelessHART gateway In the following table only the relevant parameters are described Most parameters are transient parameters which means that they are automatically reset if the status does...

Страница 61: ...associated with a self test activity triggered by CMD 41 The checkbox remains activated until the activity has been completed File update If required the WirelessHART gateway can write persistent i e...

Страница 62: ...ted a serious error or failure that compromises device operation Cumulative Extended Device Status These bits are set to 1 whenever the related status applies to one or more devices or sub devices con...

Страница 63: ...his information back to the Operating Modes list of the Wire lessHART gateway The Operating Modes list contains all devices of the WirelessHART network and is con stantly updated If a new device joins...

Страница 64: ...up the topology view you can write the information back to the WirelessHART gateway If a new WirelessHART device joins the WirelessHART network it is inserted at a default position by the WirelessHART...

Страница 65: ...ntifies a WirelessHART device or a WirelessHART adapter while the value 1 identifies a wired device connected to a WirelessHART adapter Device ID HART serial number that is assigned at manufacturing t...

Страница 66: ...ication The WirelessHART gateway offers a setup for downstream communication for data to be communicated downstream to field devices for control applications The follwoing 2 modes are available On Cha...

Страница 67: ...issued in this case You can set one of the following substitution values Last value NaN1 0x7FE00000 NaN2 0x7FA00000 Upscale ffffff Downscale 000000 Any user defined value Setting Substitution Values...

Страница 68: ...ly invalidated after a defined period of time This can be used for temporary devices needed for maintenance reasons You can monitor the process of this change until the join key has been successfully...

Страница 69: ...e Temporary Join Key Part 1 4 HEX fields 3 Select a Temporary Join Mode Time from the pull down menu During this time other devices are entitled to join the network The whitelist preview grows dynamic...

Страница 70: ...ittle Endian Source bytes 0xABCD Target bytes reg_0 0xCD reg_1 0xAB Addressing Method Enables you to select Auto or Manual addressing of the MODBUS registers Note that the Manual option also includes...

Страница 71: ...bursted by the field devices The WirelessHART gateway caches all the bursted information and maps it to the MODBUS registers depending on the required setup The gateway distributes all information us...

Страница 72: ...tended be mapped on discrete input MODBUS registers You are required to verify that the discrete variable to be mapped actually has an input value with a packet format Packet input values must be mapp...

Страница 73: ...g register 16 bits Automatic Mapping of MODBUS Input Registers Each HART device is mapped on 12 consecutive MODBUS input registers The input registers can be read using MODBUS function code 04 Read In...

Страница 74: ...on on the device specific unit codes 30023 ModStat MODBUS specific status See chapter 12 2 16 bit unsigne d integer 30024 DevStat HART device status See chapter 12 1 30025 30026 AI Primary variable lo...

Страница 75: ...ng to your specifications For more information see the subsection Create MODBUS Mapping Semi Automatically Create MODBUS Mapping Manually The Table tab enables you to create or edit the MODBUS mapping...

Страница 76: ...ollowing values Loop Current Percent Range PV HART primary variable SV HART secondary variable TV HART tertiary variable QV HART quaternary variable Device Variable The device variable provides device...

Страница 77: ...to complete the mapping table 7 To write the current mapping table to the WirelessHART gateway using the web interface click Apply If using the DTM to configure the WirelessHART gateway select the Wi...

Страница 78: ...y rebuilds the WirelessHART network from scratch by default which means that the virtual HART I O structure in the instrument list and the MODBUS addresses of the devices will differ from the position...

Страница 79: ...ell Most Significant Byte If you select Most Significant Byte enter a response byte as well The Input Register submenu enables you to map the following values Loop Current Percent Range PV HART primar...

Страница 80: ...web interface resp Import CSV DTM For more information on the structure of the CSV file see chapter 12 3 To delete a mapping entry click the X sign at the end of line To delete the entire mapping tab...

Страница 81: ...ed 300 of the burst rate in this example The value is indicated in red The age threshold error limit is typically used to indicate a likely complete loss of the device e g due to a battery removal In...

Страница 82: ...ter 5 5 5 section Manual MODBUS Mapping for Input Status and Input Register 2 Define a substitution value For more information see chapter 5 5 3 If the gateway receives the substitution value in the D...

Страница 83: ...ckground image 5 If required edit the coordinates of the image origin in the Horizontal image origin and Vertical image origin boxes 6 Enter a value in the Resolution box to scale the background image...

Страница 84: ...TM and PACTware right click the device in the project tree select Additional functions and choose the desired function 2 If using the web interface select Additional Functions in the navigation area o...

Страница 85: ...vice long tag stored in the device Figure 5 29 Additional Functions Set device address Changing the device address 1 Place the cursor inside a cell of the Long Tag column 2 Change the device long tag...

Страница 86: ...ck to their default values It restarts the WirelessHART gateway software only Rebuild Instrument List Regenerates the instrument list from scratch The existing instrument list is overwritten Note that...

Страница 87: ...rowse to choose the firmware upgrade package ipk from your hard drive 3 Click Upload the Package 4 To install the firmware upgrade press Install the Package You can also abort the upgrade process by c...

Страница 88: ...ange both user name and password in the web interface Changing the Password 1 Log on to the web interface of the WirelessHART gateway using the user name for which you want to change the password 2 Ch...

Страница 89: ...PS connection Because the web browser cannot verify the authenticity of a self signed certificate some web browsers display the following or a similar warning message in the address bar Figure 5 33 Ad...

Страница 90: ...s a trusted site 5 6 10 Auto Refresh All the parameter values of the WirelessHART gateway web interface and DTM are automatically refreshed at a default interval of 60 s Figure 5 35 Additional Functio...

Страница 91: ...See chapter 2 1 4 After a network restart the Operating Modes list needs time to rebuild During this time some information is set to 0 or replaced by wildcard characters Caution System failure If you...

Страница 92: ...tifies a wired device connected to a WirelessHART adapter Device Type Displays the device type as registered at the HCF Status The following communication statuses exist communication not possible com...

Страница 93: ...w Project A new unnamed project appears in the main window The project initially consists of the entry HOST PC Updating the Device Catalog 1 Start PACTware 2 Select View Device Catalog The Device Cata...

Страница 94: ...to change these parameters because the default settings of the WirelessHART gateway already match the default settings of the Ethernet Communication DTM Edit DTM Addresses of the Ethernet Communicati...

Страница 95: ...to the following table 6 Click OK to save the changes and to close the parameter window HART IP communication DTM WirelessHART gateway Parameter Explanation Default Parameter Default Tag Gateway name...

Страница 96: ...S 232 converter used it may be necessary to switch the request to send control on or off in order to switch correctly between reception and transmitting mode Toggle Master Specify if you want the Wire...

Страница 97: ...ommunication DTM Ensure that you have added HART IP Communication DTM to the project tree Ensure that the HART IP Communication DTM remains active and proceed as follows 1 Right click on the HART IP C...

Страница 98: ...e topology scan click on the blue single arrow 1 in the lower left section of the wizard dialog Scanning is indicated by a status bar All gateways on the network are listed All devices that are connec...

Страница 99: ...etection In case the topology scan cannot detect any connected devices ensure that all devices are switched on Then you can manually rescan the topology as follows 1 Manually rescan the WirelessHART a...

Страница 100: ...ject view 2 Choose Parameter Offline Parameterization The window containing the offline data record appears 3 Modify a parameter by typing in a new value or choosing a new value from the drop down lis...

Страница 101: ...data is read from the device 5 Modify a parameter by typing in a new value or choosing a new value from the drop down list 6 To accept the new value press Enter The new value is stored in the device i...

Страница 102: ...tem manufacturer This manual describes the integration into a process control system using the example of the Emerson AMS Suite When integrating the WirelessHART gateway into the Emerson AMS Suite the...

Страница 103: ...Click Next 6 Enter a name for the network in the Network Name field and click Next 7 Enter the IP address of the WirelessHART gateway in the Smart Wireless Gateway Name or IP Address field and click...

Страница 104: ...7 3 Connection window The IP address is displayed in the upper area under Wireless Network Parameters 8 Click Finish to close the Add Wireless Network Wizard The name of the new wireless network is d...

Страница 105: ...ts 1 Start the AMS Device Manager as administrator To do so right click the program icon and select Run as administrator Figure 7 4 Run as administrator 2 Log in to the AMS Device Manager using your u...

Страница 106: ...description has been installed the WirelessHART gateway is displayed with a device specific icon Otherwise the system uses a generic icon Figure 7 6 WirelessHART gateway in Device Connection View 5 T...

Страница 107: ...e configuration window of the selected device appears Figure 7 7 Configuration window 2 If you change the value of a field the background color of this field turns yellow To apply the changes click Se...

Страница 108: ...file and Emerson AMS Suite The system displays a warning message asking you to provide an update reason and to confirm that you want to change the values Figure 7 9 Confirm Device Configuration Change...

Страница 109: ...WirelessHART adapter Now the field devices have been disconnected from the WirelessHART adapter In the Measurement window the red icon in the Com Status column indicates that the connection has been l...

Страница 110: ...lost connection to the WirelessHART network while the device with long tag T209innen is still connected Figure 8 4 Measurement window The MODBUS mapping of the device with long tag T209innen looks as...

Страница 111: ...ure 8 8 MODBUS readout of register 30227 30228 The MODBUS status information in register 30227 returns 0000000000000101 This indicates that the cache for command 3 is empty as there is no device See c...

Страница 112: ...ce and reliability Those measures are described in the following Verify Connections Check that each device has joined the network and is communicating properly See chapter 5 4 2 Details If you cannot...

Страница 113: ...een wireless devices add additional devices to provide alternative communication paths The more devices exist in a WirelessHART network the more reliable it gets Optimize Coexistence with other Wirele...

Страница 114: ...that are listed in the installation examples or that respect the limits mentioned below If in doubt consult your national regulations expert Danger Danger to life from electric shock through degree o...

Страница 115: ...white orange wire with the white green one This action changes a crossover connection into a straight through connection and vice versa The Ethernet parameters of the WirelessHART gateway are incorrec...

Страница 116: ...e device via a HART modem connected to the device The device and the WirelessHART gateway must have the same network ID and join key There are not enough neighboring WirelessHART devices within the de...

Страница 117: ...outdoor use and public service Italy If used outside of own premises general authorization is required Japan The device is granted pursuant to the Japanese Radio Law and the Japanese Telecommunication...

Страница 118: ...unction The device detected a serious error or failure that compromises device operation Code Parameter Description 0x01 Maintenance Required This bit is set to indicate that while the device has not...

Страница 119: ...r not supported 0x04 Delayed Answer 0x08 Self Test not supported 0x20 Device List Update 0x40 Network Manager Reset In Progress 0x80 Start Up Phase 2 Device Specific Status 2 Extended Lists Changes 0x...

Страница 120: ...0x40 Electronic Defect A hardware problem has been detected 9 Standardized Status 1 Not available 10 Analog Channel Saturated Not available 11 Standardized Status 2 Standardized Lists Changes 0x01 Ins...

Страница 121: ...sponding data row is skipped MODBUS Mapping The files for the MODBUS mapping contain the following columns File Structure The data in the RegisterType InformationCode and MappingCode columns is encode...

Страница 122: ...c information is available and on the device specific unit codes see the manual of the sub device 243 Battery Life 244 Percent Range 245 Loop Current 246 Primary Variable 247 Secondary Variable 248 Te...

Страница 123: ...owing tables show the HART commands supported by the device Expanded Device Type Code Device Id IO Card Channel Long Tag Units Code Range X Coordinate Y Coordinate Z Coordinate 4 digits hex 6 digits h...

Страница 124: ...e message Write the 32 digit message 20 Read long tag Read the 32 digit long tag 22 Write long tag Write the 32 digit long tag 16 Read final assembly number 19 Write final assembly number Status Comma...

Страница 125: ...work information commands 768 Write join key Write the network s unique join key Only possible in see chapter 5 2 1 773 Write network ID Write the unique network ID 774 Read network ID Read the unique...

Страница 126: ...in the product The program source code is available under www pepperl fuchs com 2 In the list the copyright owners of the respective open source software are named 3 Under the program source code the...

Страница 127: ...fuchs com Worldwide Headquarters Pepperl Fuchs GmbH 68307 Mannheim Germany Tel 49 621 776 0 E mail info de pepperl fuchs com For the Pepperl Fuchs representative closest to you check www pepperl fuchs...

Отзывы: