Vis
Viscos
cosity.
ity.
Should not decrease by more than 20 % and n
Should not decrease by more than 20 % and not rise by more
ot rise by more
than 25 % above the guidance value at 100°C.
than 25 % above the guidance value at 100°C.
Should not
Should not decrease by
decrease by more than
more than 25 %
25 % and not
and not rise by
rise by more than
more than
50 % above the guidance value at 40°C.
50 % above the guidance value at 40°C.
Wat
Water con
er conten
tent.
t.
Should not exceed 0.3 %. A value higher than 0.3%
Should not exceed 0.3 %. A value higher than 0.3%
can not be accep
can not be accepted for longer periods,
ted for longer periods, but
but measures must be
measures must be taken;
taken;
either centrifuging or oil change.
either centrifuging or oil change.
BN (Base Number).
BN (Base Number).
The minimum allowable BN value of a used oil
The minimum allowable BN value of a used oil
is 50 % of the nominal value of a new oil.
is 50 % of the nominal value of a new oil.
TAN (Total Acid Number).
TAN (Total Acid Number).
Should not increase by more than
Should not increase by more than
2.5 mg KOH/g compared to nominal value of a new oil.
2.5 mg KOH/g compared to nominal value of a new oil.
Insolubles.
Insolubles.
The quantity allowed depends on various factors. The oil
The quantity allowed depends on various factors. The oil
supplier’s recommendations should be followed. However, an n-Pentane
supplier’s recommendations should be followed. However, an n-Pentane
insoluble value above 0.5 w-% calls for attention. A value higher than
insoluble value above 0.5 w-% calls for attention. A value higher than
1.0 w-% cannot be accepted for longer periods.
1.0 w-% cannot be accepted for longer periods.
Nitration and oxidation.
Nitration and oxidation.
If nitration level exceeds 20 Abs/cm and/or
If nitration level exceeds 20 Abs/cm and/or
oxidation level exceeds 25 Abs/cm, oil must be changed.
oxidation level exceeds 25 Abs/cm, oil must be changed.
In general it
In general it can be
can be said that the
said that the changes in the
changes in the analysis give a
analysis give a better
better
basis of estimation than the absolute value. Fast and great changes
basis of estimation than the absolute value. Fast and great changes
may indicate abnormal operation of the engine or of a system.
may indicate abnormal operation of the engine or of a system.
b)
b)
Compensate for oil
Compensate for oil consumption
consumption
by adding max. 10 % new oil at a
by adding max. 10 % new oil at a
time. Adding larger quantities can disturb the balance of the used oil
time. Adding larger quantities can disturb the balance of the used oil
causing, for example, precipitation of insolubles. Measure and record
causing, for example, precipitation of insolubles. Measure and record
the quantity added. Attention to the lubricating oil consumption may
the quantity added. Attention to the lubricating oil consumption may
give valuable information about the engine condition. A continuous
give valuable information about the engine condition. A continuous
increase may indicate that piston rings, pistons and cylinder liners are
increase may indicate that piston rings, pistons and cylinder liners are
getting worn, and a sudden increase motivates pulling the pistons, if
getting worn, and a sudden increase motivates pulling the pistons, if
no other reason is found.
no other reason is found.
c)
c)
Guidance values for oil change
Guidance values for oil change intervals
intervals
are to be found in chapter
are to be found in chapter
04. Intervals between changes are influenced by system size (oil
04. Intervals between changes are influenced by system size (oil
volume), operating conditions, fuel quality and total oil consumption.
volume), operating conditions, fuel quality and total oil consumption.
When changing oil the following procedure is recommended:
When changing oil the following procedure is recommended:
1
1
Empty oil system
Empty oil system
while oil is still hot. Be sure that oil filters an
while oil is still hot. Be sure that oil filters and
d
coolers are also emptied.
coolers are also emptied.
2
2
Clean oil spaces,
Clean oil spaces,
including filters and camshaft compartment. In-
including filters and camshaft compartment. In-
sert new filter cartridges.
sert new filter cartridges.
3
3
Fill a small quantity of new oil
Fill a small quantity of new oil
in the oil sump and circulate with the
in the oil sump and circulate with the
pre-lubricating pump. Drain!
pre-lubricating pump. Drain!
4
4
Fill required quantity of oil
Fill required quantity of oil
in the system, see chapter 01, section 01.1.
in the system, see chapter 01, section 01.1.
Oil samples
Oil samples taken at
taken at regular intervals
regular intervals analyzed by
analyzed by the oil
the oil supplier,
supplier,
and the analysis results plotted as a function of operating hours is an
and the analysis results plotted as a function of operating hours is an
efficient way of predicting oil change intervals.
efficient way of predicting oil change intervals.
Send or a
Send or ask the oil
sk the oil supplier to send
supplier to send copies of o
copies of oil analyses to
il analyses to the engine
the engine
manufacturer who will then assist in the evaluation.
manufacturer who will then assist in the evaluation.
F
F
u
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e
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,
L
L
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u
b
b
r
r
i
i
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n
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O
O
i
i
l
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,
,
C
C
o
o
o
o
l
l
i
i
n
n
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g
W
W
a
a
te
te
r
r
3
3
4
4
S
S
G
G
-
-
2
2
0
0
0
0
3
3
0
0
3
3
-
-
0
0
3
3
Содержание 41508
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Страница 12: ...Appendix B Welding Precautions 200147...
Страница 22: ...Fuel Lubricating Oil Cooling Water 34SG 200303 03...
Страница 29: ...A Ap pp pe en nd di ix x A A E En nv vi ir ro on nm me en nt ta al l H Ha az za ar rd ds s 2 20 00 03 32 21 1...
Страница 73: ...Maintenance Tools 32 9801...
Страница 115: ...Engine Block with Bearings Cylinder and Oil Sump 34SG 9701...
