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Semiconductor Group
17
Central Processing Unit
3.2
CPU Timing
A machine cycle consists of 6 states (12 oscillator periods). Each state is divided into a phase 1
half, during which the phase 1 clock is active, and a phase 2 half, during which the phase 2 clock is
active. Thus, a machine cycle consists of 12 oscillator periods, numbered S1P1 (state 1, phase 1)
through S6P2 (state 6, phase 2). Each state lasts for two oscillator periods. Typically, arithmetic and
logical operations take place during phase 1 and internal register-to-register transfers take place
during phase 2.
The diagrams in figure 3-1 show the fetch/execute timing related to the internal states and phases.
Since these internal clock signals are not user-accessible, the XTAL2 oscillator signals and the ALE
(address latch enable) signal are shown for external reference. ALE is normally activated twice
during each machine cycle: once during S1P2 and S2P1, and again during S4P2 and S5P1.
Execution of a one-cycle instruction begins at S1P2, when the op-code is latched into the instruction
register. lf it is a two-byte instruction, the second is read during S4 of the same machine cycle. lf it
is a one-byte instruction, there is still a fetch at S4, but the byte read (which would be the next op-
code) is ignored, and the program counter is not incremented. In any case, execution is completed
at the end of S6P2.
Figures 3-1 A) and B) show the timing of a 1-byte, 1-cycle instruction and for a 2-byte, 1-cycle
instruction.
Most SAB 80(C)515 instructions are executed in one cycle. MUL (multiply) and DIV (divide) are the
only instructions that take more than two cycles to complete; they take four cycles. Normally two
code bytes are fetched from the program memory during every machine cycle. The only exception
to this is when a MOVX instruction is executed. MOVX is a one-byte, 2-cycle instruction that
accesses external data memory. During a MOVX, the two fetches in the second cycle are skipped
while the external data memory is being addressed and strobed. Figures 3-1 C) and D) show the
timing for a normal 1-byte, 2-cycle instruction and for a MOVX instruction.
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Содержание SAB 80515 Series
Страница 9: ...Semiconductor Group 9 Introduction Figure 1 2 Block Diagram ...
Страница 12: ...Semiconductor Group 12 Fundamental Structure Figure 2 1 Detailed Block Diagram ...
Страница 18: ...Semiconductor Group 18 Central Processing Unit Figure 3 1 Fetch Execute Sequence ...
Страница 22: ...Semiconductor Group 22 Memory Organization Figure 4 3 Mapping of the Lower Portion of the Internal Data Memory ...
Страница 30: ...Semiconductor Group 30 External Bus Interface Figure 5 1 a and b External Program Memory Execution ...
Страница 38: ...Semiconductor Group 38 On Chip Peripheral Components Figure 7 3 Output Driver Circuits of Ports 1 through 5 ...
Страница 59: ...Semiconductor Group 59 On Chip Peripheral Components Figure 7 16 a Functional Diagram Serial Interface Mode 0 ...
Страница 60: ...Semiconductor Group 60 On Chip Peripheral Components Figure 7 16 b Timing Diagram Serial Interface Mode 0 ...
Страница 61: ...Semiconductor Group 61 On Chip Peripheral Components Figure 7 17 a Functional Diagram Serial Interface Mode 1 ...
Страница 62: ...Semiconductor Group 62 On Chip Peripheral Components Figure 7 17 b Timing Diagram Serial Interface Mode 1 ...
Страница 73: ...Semiconductor Group 73 On Chip Peripheral Components Figure 7 25 A D Converter Block Diagram ...
Страница 83: ...Semiconductor Group 83 On Chip Peripheral Components Figure 7 33 a Timer 2 Block Diagram ...
Страница 111: ...Semiconductor Group 111 On Chip Peripheral Components Figure 7 54 Timing Diagram System Clock Output ...
Страница 113: ...Semiconductor Group 113 Interrupt System Figure 8 1 a Interrupt Structure of the SAB 80 C 515 80 C 535 ...
Страница 114: ...Semiconductor Group 114 Interrupt System Figure 8 1 b Interrupt Structure of the SAB 80 C 515 80 C 535 cont d ...
Страница 204: ...Semiconductor Group 204 Instruction Set XCH A Ri Operation XCH A Ri Bytes 1 Cycles 1 Encoding 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 i ...
Страница 215: ...Device Specifications Semiconductor Group 215 ...
Страница 217: ...Device Specifications Semiconductor Group 217 Pin Configuration P LCC 68 ...
Страница 219: ...Device Specifications Semiconductor Group 219 Logic Symbol ...
Страница 226: ...Device Specifications Semiconductor Group 226 Figure 1 Block Diagram ...
Страница 229: ...Device Specifications Semiconductor Group 229 Figure 2 Memory Address Spaces ...
Страница 239: ...Device Specifications Semiconductor Group 239 Figure 4 Block Diagram of the A D Converter ...
Страница 241: ...Device Specifications Semiconductor Group 241 Figure 5 Interrupt Request Sources ...
Страница 242: ...Device Specifications Semiconductor Group 242 Figure 6 Interrupt Priority Level Structure ...
Страница 268: ...Device Specifications Semiconductor Group 268 AC Testing Input Output Waveforms AC Testing Float Waveforms ...