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D

OCUMENT 

301900,

 

R

EVISION 

D 

E

PI

S

ENSOR 

U

SER 

G

UIDE

 

 

 

51

 

To produce a functional test sequence, the data logger needs to control both 
the Cal and the CCE

 

lines. The voltage applied to the Cal line should be 

limited to +/-10V. The sensor should reproduce any signal applied by the 
digitizer within the voltage limits and the bandwidth of the sensor. Thus, the 
calibration sequence can range from the simple pulses described below to 
single frequency sine waves or chirped sine signals. 

Be certain that the Cal line is not active when the EpiSensor is not powered 
– this could damage the unit. 

If the data logger cannot perform a functional test, a simple test box can be 
built to simulate the desired calibration sequence. 
A suggested sequence is as follows: 

1.  Apply 0V to the Cal

 

line  

2.  Turn CCE to +12V 
3.  Wait 2 seconds 
4.  Apply +2.5V to Cal for 2 seconds 
5.  Change Cal to <-2.5V for 2 seconds 
6.  Change Cal to 0V for 2 seconds 
7.  Turn CCE off by connecting it to 0V 

This will produce a positive pulse followed by a negative pulse. 

Caution:

 The CCE line must not be enabled during normal operation – 

severely degraded noise performance can result. Applying voltage to the Cal 
line when the unit is not powered will result in damage. Applying voltage 
above the power supply lines to the Cal

 

line will also damage the unit. 

Ground Loop Prevention 

When the EpiSensor is used with non-Kinemetrics digitizers it is essential 
that the ground connections be carefully planned in order to prevent ground 
loops. Please see the section in this chapter on grounding. 
This is especially important when using a PC-based data acquisition system. 
We recommend using the differential output of the EpiSensor to prevent 
common mode problems. When using single-ended output, the signal 
returns (-X, -Y, -Z) should be connected to the negative input of the analog 
front-end’s differential or instrumentation amplifier and not to circuit 
common. 
The common connection should return to the power supply through only 
one path. When using a separate mains power supply for the EpiSensor, be 
very careful that it does not provide a separate ground return through the 
AC mains ground to the data acquisition computer. Use a star ground 
configuration for your system with the EpiSensor power supply, data 
acquisition system and PC all grounded at the same point.  

Содержание EpiSensor FBA ES-T

Страница 1: ...User Guide EpiSensor Force Balance Accelerometer Model FBA ES T Document 301900 Revision D October 2005...

Страница 2: ...ghout this manual registered or not are Kinemetrics QuickTalk QuickLook K2 Mt Whitney Etna Etna SI EpiSensor FerriShield Microsoft Windows Kinemetrics Inc 222 Vista Avenue Pasadena CA 91107 USA Phone...

Страница 3: ...EpiSensor 4 Required Cables 7 Grounding the EpiSensor 7 Safety First 7 EMI RFI 8 Powering the EpiSensor 9 Zero Adjusting the EpiSensor 10 Methods of Measuring the DC Offset 10 Performing the Zero Adju...

Страница 4: ...sconnect 29 Calibration Coil Test Connector 30 Closing the EpiSensor Case 30 4 Maintenance Recommended Maintenance 33 Adjust the Accelerometers 33 Complete a Functional Test 33 Calibration 33 Desiccan...

Страница 5: ...dimensions 5 Figure 3 Drilling EpiSensor mounting hole 6 Figure 4 EpiSensor Packaging Components 12 Figure 5 Large Packaging Piece Installed 13 Figure 6 Cable Installed 13 Figure 7 Second Packaging P...

Страница 6: ...of recorder end of cable 840356 62 Figure 37 Parts for EpiSensor end mating connector assembly 64 Figure 38 Preparing 3 8 wide foil tape from 1 foil tape 65 Figure 39 Example of a daisychain 66 Figur...

Страница 7: ...cal shock This symbol means an alternating current AC power line This symbol means a direct current DC power line derived from an AC power line This symbol indicates an electrostatic sensitive device...

Страница 8: ...stem provides the correct voltage and current required by the EpiSensor under all operating conditions You are responsible for the safety of your charging system If you get power from the mains supply...

Страница 9: ...und Transienten und solch eine Erdung wird nicht als Sicherheit gegen elektrischen Schock dienen Bedeutet Wechselstromzufuhr AC mit Elektroschock Gefahr Bedeutet Gleichstromzufuhr von AC Versorgung he...

Страница 10: ...r t In manchen F llen wird die EpiSensor eine lange Strecke von dem Recorder entfernt Sein wo es dann m glich sein k nnte dass durch besch digte AC Wiring oder Hohe Erdbewegungen ein Spannungsuntersch...

Страница 11: ...etorno a tierra para el EMI RFI y transitorios Tal polo a tierra no trabaja como un polo a tierra de seguridad para protecci n contra choques el ctricos Significa una l nea de energ a de Corriente Alt...

Страница 12: ...a tierra y cumplir con todas las regulaciones locales que apliquen Sistema de Poder Carga Provisto por el Usuario Si usted provee su propio sistema de poder carga usted tiene que estar seguro que el...

Страница 13: ...AFETY 7 No Opere en Atm sferas Explosivas El EpiSensor no proporciona ninguna protecci n explosiva para descargas est ticas componentes que generen arcos el ctricos No operar el equipo en una atm sfer...

Страница 14: ...otection contre les interf rences magn tiques les perturbations hautes fr quences radio et contre les surtensions Cette mise terre n est pas une mise terre de s curit pour une protection contre les ch...

Страница 15: ...qui remplit les conditions de la reglementation locale Option Syst me d alimentation fourni par l utilisateur Si vous fournissez votre syst me d alimentation vous devez vous assurez que le syst me fo...

Страница 16: ...Pas Utiliser en Atmosph re Explosif Le EpiSensor ne comprend pas de protection contre les explosions dues aux d charges statiques ou aux composants pouvant provoquer des arcs Ne pas utiliser ces compo...

Страница 17: ...also has an extensive Services Group that can install maintain and analyze the data from your EpiSensor This chapter provides an overview of the EpiSensor and inspection instructions The EpiSensor FBA...

Страница 18: ...r If you find a problem note the condition of the shipping container Then contact the freight forwarder and Kinemetrics as soon as possible Caution Damage to sensors Dropping the EpiSensor onto a hard...

Страница 19: ...efer to Chapter 6 for information on cable assembly These instructions assume that all civil engineering works concrete pad conduit etc have been finished and that the EpiSensor has been correctly con...

Страница 20: ...r Determine which direction to orient the EpiSensor true north or aligned with structure True north is typical of most free field EpiSensor installations If the instrument is installed in a structure...

Страница 21: ...stall the anchor stud Figure 2 Episensor mounting dimensions 8 minimum 8 minimum Wall Electrical connector EpiSensor orientation EpiSensor mounting hole EpiSensor orientation Note Follow all recommend...

Страница 22: ...asier to hammer in the stud and prevent damage to the threads 4 Gently tap the top of the anchor stud with a hammer The stud is now in position but not firmly seated 5 Check that the leveling screws a...

Страница 23: ...til the EpiSensor is level and the nut tightened to a torque of 20 26 inch pounds 2 26 2 94 N m As you tighten the nut the stud will move slightly forcing the locking cone to firmly grip the concrete...

Страница 24: ...teel screw on the flange of the instrument as the case ground connection point To be effective this point must be connected to a low impedance earth ground Providing a low impedance earth ground can b...

Страница 25: ...pper rods driven into the earth help to reduce the grounding resistance However the total ground resistance is not reduced in direct proportion to the number of rods in the array and the rods should b...

Страница 26: ...r and recorder can be utilized Methods of Measuring the DC Offset If the EpiSensor is near the recorder you may zero the accelerometers by using the recorder as if it were a DVM If you are using an Al...

Страница 27: ...mV 200 mV 100 mV 400 mV 1 2g 25 mV 100 mV 50 mV 200 mV 1g 25 mV 50 mV 25 mV 100 mV 2g 25 mV 25 mV 25 mV 50 mV 4g 25 mV 25 mV 25 mV 25 mV Note on Full Scale Range All of our full scale ranges are state...

Страница 28: ...ible we have modified the packaging of the EpiSensor so the packaging can be re used as thermal insulation to provide protection against direct airflow and to increase the thermal insulation of the de...

Страница 29: ...DOCUMENT 301900 REVISION D EPISENSOR USER GUIDE 13 Figure 5 Large Packaging Piece Installed Now install the cable as shown in Figure 6 below Figure 6 Cable Installed...

Страница 30: ...hole This is shown in Figure 7 below Figure 7 Second Packaging Piece Installed over Connector Shell Finally the last piece of packaging can be placed over the connector and cable as shown below in Fi...

Страница 31: ...SION D EPISENSOR USER GUIDE 15 Figure 8 Final Packaging Piece Installed Our testing has shown that this simple measure can significantly reduce the short term variations due to changes in air temperat...

Страница 32: ......

Страница 33: ...discusses EpiSensor operation Polarity conventions How to configure its operating modes Use of the calibration coil which allows verification of the sensor s transfer function Power supply options Po...

Страница 34: ...he instrument Three access holes covered by seal screws through which the zero offset of the X Y and Z sensors may be adjusted Three adjustable leveling feet A connector for the analog output voltages...

Страница 35: ...Kinemetrics website Figure 10 Display of functional test The height of the pulse will depend on the full scale setting of the instrument but will correspond to a g level of approximately 0 125g The e...

Страница 36: ...1 1998 measures the response of the sensor to white noise input The digital to analog converter in the recorder drives the calibration coil with an analog voltage corresponding to a pseudo random numb...

Страница 37: ...protect components from damage 1 Loosen the nut at the base of the connector without putting any torque on the connector itself 2 Remove the three large screws on top of the case 3 Remove the nut 5 R...

Страница 38: ...zers or your fingers Additional jumpers are shipped with the EpiSensor to allow different configurations to be set If you need more jumpers they can be ordered from Kinemetrics as P N 851152 Setting t...

Страница 39: ...1 25 V g 5 V g 2 5 V g 10 V g 4g 0 625 V g 2 5 V g 1 25 V g 5 V g Voltage values stated are as measured across each channel s output pins L M A B C D for axes X Y and Z respectively Pins L A and C ar...

Страница 40: ...each connector pin in the figure below however only 1 will appear on the actual feedback board Figure 14 Full scale range jumper settings 1 3 5 7 2 4 6 8 Header X1 9 11 10 12 1 3 5 7 2 4 6 8 Header X4...

Страница 41: ...rs and Connectors on Oscillator Board The following two figures show the location of all of the headers and connectors on the oscillator board used to configure the following options Figure 15 Top vie...

Страница 42: ...axis For the 2 5V output install the jumper between pins 1 and 2 for the 10V output between pins 2 and 3 This output level refers to the voltage from the pin to ground Thus if you configure the unit...

Страница 43: ...te When using the low noise amplifier be sure that jumpers are also installed across headers X21 and X22 to the power amplifier Refer to the table below to configure the amplifier Table 4 Amplifier co...

Страница 44: ...xes X Y and Z Important Remove them to conserve power when using the low power option Table 5 Function of headers X21 and X22 Jumper Function X21 Connects 12V supply to X Y and Z axis low noise amplif...

Страница 45: ...verify both the static acceleration sensitivity of the EpiSensor and the dynamic response of the system When used with Altus recorders the calibration signals are automatically applied to the sensor A...

Страница 46: ...rents 5 mA for more than 20 seconds Caution If any signal source is to be connected to J4 J5 or J6 the corresponding headers X1 X2 and X3 described in the previous section must be removed or the senso...

Страница 47: ...he three large seal screws through the cover and tighten to a torque of 18 20 inch pounds 2 26 2 94 N m 4 Re install the connector nut and tighten to a torque of 18 20 inch pounds 2 26 2 94 N m 5 Re i...

Страница 48: ......

Страница 49: ...e unit is operational and to keep as a baseline record for future visits Refer to Chapter 3 for instructions on performing the functional test If the unit is connected to an Altus or other Kinemetrics...

Страница 50: ...ced New desiccant can be ordered from Kinemetrics as P N 700403 Be sure to follow electro static discharge ESD precautions when the sensor case is opened Instructions for opening and closing the EpiSe...

Страница 51: ...ce accelerometers FBAs X axis Y axis and Z axis inside a sensor casing Each accelerometer module is identical and plugs into a board that provides the final output circuit and the carrier oscillator T...

Страница 52: ...e capacitor plates back to their original null position The current traveling through the coil is thus directly proportional to the applied acceleration By passing this current through a complex imped...

Страница 53: ...ith respect to ground A voltage signal applied to the calibration line with CCE is active will cause all three EpiSensor modules to respond with an acceleration output of approximately 0 05 g per volt...

Страница 54: ...ion is corrected for the DC sensitivity of the sensor the amplitude agreement is within 0 5 dB over the bandwidth of the sensor The phase agreement is within 2 5 in the 0 100 Hz band and within 5 over...

Страница 55: ...39 Figure 19 Amplitude phase and step response of the EpiSensor response model 0 50 100 150 200 10 8 6 4 2 0 2 Frequency Response Amplitude Frequency dB 0 50 100 150 200 180 160 140 120 100 80 60 40...

Страница 56: ...ion seismology With Kinemetrics decision to adopt a positive polarity with the EpiSensor FBA it is now the standard in strong motion seismology as well Previous Kinemetrics FBA designs used an alterna...

Страница 57: ...DOCUMENT 301900 REVISION D EPISENSOR USER GUIDE 41 Figure 20 X Y and Z coordinates Z AXIS VERTICAL X AXIS EAST WEST Y AXIS NORTH SOUTH UP...

Страница 58: ...te the calibration coils of all three sensors Only active when calibration coil enable CCE is active A voltage of 2 5V will produce a nominal output equivalent to an input of 125g F CCE Input Calibrat...

Страница 59: ...ow power configuration The Makalu formerly known as the Everest recorder can power EpiSensors in any configurations and can accept the 20V differential input Generally there is no reason to use the lo...

Страница 60: ...levels If this is the configuration you wish to use we suggest using one of the following solutions Run only one of the EpiSensors on the low noise setting Contact Kinemetrics about modifying the ADC...

Страница 61: ...this length we recommend installation in a grounded metal conduit If the cable is not installed in its own conduit and maximum resolution is required it should not be run alongside cables carrying hea...

Страница 62: ...en configuration Table 9 EpiSensor cabling requirements 1 foot 0 3048 meters Sensor Type EpiSensor low power 2g 2 5V S E EpiSensor low noise 2g 5V differential EpiSensor low noise 2g 20V differential...

Страница 63: ...d to a safety hazard if the location has poor AC wiring A hybrid ground connection can also be used 1 Ground the EpiSensor with the grounding strap 2 Open the connector at the EpiSensor end of the cab...

Страница 64: ...readings and may damage the sensor If the voltage is too low the EpiSensor will not attain its full scale output and the data will be corrupted Never supply more than 15 75V to the unit and be sure th...

Страница 65: ...the current required to balance the applied acceleration Add to this the output amplifier load for the output you have selected For a dual supply add this number to the quiescent current to get the w...

Страница 66: ...the recorder cannot produce a functional test it is still very important that these lines be held at the correct potential The Cal line is not connected to the sensor unless the CCE line is active bu...

Страница 67: ...d during normal operation severely degraded noise performance can result Applying voltage to the Cal line when the unit is not powered will result in damage Applying voltage above the power supply lin...

Страница 68: ...This section provides instructions for assembling an EpiSensor to Altus recorder cable based on a Belden cable P N 840356 The instructions assume the cable has already been pulled and routed through...

Страница 69: ...MI P N Commercial P N Description of Item s Mating connector 851119 851 06EC14 19PN50 1 connector Foil tape 880699 1183 3 8 wide 6 pieces 3 8 x 1 Foil tape 880699 1183 3 8 wide 1 piece 3 8 x 3 Foil ta...

Страница 70: ...ke tape that is approximately 3 8 wide as follows 1 Divide one of the 1 x 3 pieces into thirds the long way as shown in the middle grouping in Figure 23 so you have three 3 long pieces 2 Divide two of...

Страница 71: ...der cable end Part Name KMI P N Thermofit tubing 851186 Connector strain relief grommet Part of 851119 Connector back shell Part of 851119 Shrink n Shield tubing 850839 Connector s plastic grommet rin...

Страница 72: ...pe cord as shown in Figure 24 Figure 24 Recorder cable end with outer PVC jacket removed 4 Cut off and discard the center rope cellophane and white string Cut them back as near as possible to the new...

Страница 73: ...eld Make sure your wrapping flows in the same spiraling direction as the shield you are wrapping it around Wrap all six foil shields identically 5 Bring all the drain wires together and twist them tog...

Страница 74: ...connection 10 Apply 1 4 diameter by 1 4 long shrink tubing over the soldered area of the drain wires and black wire as shown in Figure 29 The cable is now ready for 3 8 x 3 foil tape wrapping 1 Tight...

Страница 75: ...airs of wires into the grommet Use the schematic in Figure 30 to find the proper wire to solder cup locations Be sure to follow the proper half of the schematic below depending on whether you are curr...

Страница 76: ...the wires into the connector Note When cool the soldered joints should have a smooth shiny surface Use enough solder to just fill the connector cup 2 When done with the soldering slide the grommet and...

Страница 77: ...inking Using even heat shrink the tubing until it is tightly in place over the foil tape as shown in Figure 35 and begin the final assembly process 1 Slide the connector shell forward and screw tighte...

Страница 78: ...off 1 8 of insulation from all of the insulated wires 5 Make sure to position each wire so that its exposed surface has no contact with any other wire Now using the DVM test the connection of the cond...

Страница 79: ...ductors have passed the four test steps above Once you ve completed testing all the pairs of insulated conductors test the connection of the wire shields to the recorder end of the connector shell 1 A...

Страница 80: ...ble 14 Parts for EpiSensor end mating connector assembly Part Name KMI P N Commercial P N Description Right angle mating connector 851370 851 08EC14 19 1 connector Foil tape 880699 1183 3 8 wide 6 pie...

Страница 81: ...d have 6 pieces approx 3 8 x 1 and 1 piece approx 1 4 x 3 Figure 38 Preparing 3 8 wide foil tape from 1 foil tape To assemble the EpiSensor end mating connector Gather the parts listed in Table 15 and...

Страница 82: ...Wire 3 1 Insert wires through grommet in appropriate letter location using the EpiSensor end of the schematic in Figure 30 2 Cut 3 2 lengths of the 22 gauge stranded wire and strip about 1 4 of insula...

Страница 83: ...into grommet pins as indicated in Figure 30 Be sure to follow the EpiSensor end of the schematic drawing To solder the wires into the EpiSensor connector 1 Start at the bottom and work toward the top...

Страница 84: ...l tape Figure 41 Wrapping foil tape around outside of the connection Figure 42 Cable with Shrink n Shield tubing outer tubing trimmed back to show screen mesh Slide the Shrink n Shield tubing up over...

Страница 85: ...toward the connector 2 Tighten the backshell onto connector 3 Bend cable back into the connector backshell 4 Slide the cable strain relief grommet over the Shrink n Shield into cable clamp position 5...

Страница 86: ...nnector pin L to connector pin M 4 Now the DVM at the EpiSensor end should show that pin L is connected to pin M the DVM should measure 2 5 per 100 of cable If it does have the other technician remove...

Страница 87: ...end should show that pin L is now connected to the recorder end connector shell and to pin U The DVM should measure 1 5 per 100 of cable If it does have the technician remove the test jumper at the re...

Страница 88: ......

Страница 89: ...ntial Linearity 1000 g g2 Hysteresis 0 1 of full scale Cross axis sensitivity 1 including misalignment Zero point thermal drift 2 of full scale 200 to 700 C Zero point drift 500 g 0 C ESD RF EMI prote...

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