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Juniper JUNOS 10.2, Руководство по модернизации

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Table of Contents

About This Guide

xvii

JUNOS Documentation and Release Notes ...................................................xvii
Objectives ....................................................................................................xvii
Audience .....................................................................................................xviii
Supported Routing Platforms ......................................................................xviii
Documentation Conventions ........................................................................xix
Documentation Feedback ..............................................................................xx
Requesting Technical Support ......................................................................xxi

Self-Help Online Tools and Resources ....................................................xxi
Opening a Case with JTAC .....................................................................xxi

Part 1

Introduction

Chapter 1

Introduction to JUNOS Software

3

JUNOS Software Overview ..............................................................................3

One Operating System ..............................................................................3
One Software Release ...............................................................................4
One Modular Software Architecture ..........................................................4

Software Naming Convention ..........................................................................4
JUNOS Software Editions .................................................................................5
FIPS 140-2 Security Compliance ......................................................................5
JUNOS Installation Packages ............................................................................6
Installation Media ............................................................................................6
Installation Bundles .........................................................................................7
Installation Modules ........................................................................................7
JUNOS Software Release Numbers ..................................................................8
JUNOS Feature Licenses ..................................................................................9
Software Package Information Security ...........................................................9
Configuration Files ..........................................................................................9

Configuration File Selection Sequence ......................................................9
Remote Storage of Configuration Files ....................................................10

Automatic Installation of Configuration Files (J Series Routers) ......................11

Table of Contents

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ix

Содержание JUNOS 10.2

Страница 1: ...JUNOS Software Software Installation and Upgrade Guide Release 10 2 Juniper Networks Inc 1194 North Mathilda Avenue Sunnyvale California 94089 USA 408 745 2000 www juniper net Published 2010 04 28...

Страница 2: ...r Communications Inc Juniper Networks the Juniper Networks logo JUNOS NetScreen ScreenOS and Steel Belted Radius are registered trademarks of Juniper Networks Inc in the United States and other countr...

Страница 3: ...alms devices links ports or transactions or require the purchase of separate licenses to use particular features functionalities services applications operations or capabilities or provide throughput...

Страница 4: ...n connection with such withholding taxes by promptly providing Juniper with valid tax receipts and other required documentation showing Customer s payment of any withholding taxes completing appropria...

Страница 5: ...nted to in writing by the party to be charged If any portion of this Agreement is held invalid the Parties agree that such invalidity shall not affect the validity of the remainder of this Agreement T...

Страница 6: ...vi...

Страница 7: ...JUNOS Software Installation Chapter 3 Installation Overview 25 Chapter 4 Completing a Standard or Change Category Installation 29 Chapter 5 Completing a Recovery Installation 43 Part 3 JUNOS Software...

Страница 8: ...viii JUNOS Release 10 2 Software Installation and Upgrade Guide...

Страница 9: ...Software Overview 3 One Operating System 3 One Software Release 4 One Modular Software Architecture 4 Software Naming Convention 4 JUNOS Software Editions 5 FIPS 140 2 Security Compliance 5 JUNOS Ins...

Страница 10: ...on Chapter 3 Installation Overview 25 Installation Type Overview 25 Standard Installation 25 Category Change Installation 26 Recovery Installation 26 Installation Categories on the M Series MX Series...

Страница 11: ...Configuration on a Single Routing Engine 46 Log In to the Router Console 46 Configure Administration User Accounts 47 Add the Management Console to the Network 47 Commit Changes 49 Creating a New Con...

Страница 12: ...ifying JUNOS Licenses 66 Displaying Installed Licenses 66 Displaying License Usage 67 Displaying Installed License Keys 68 Part 4 Index Index 71 xii Table of Contents JUNOS Release 10 2 Software Insta...

Страница 13: ...ntroduction Chapter 1 Introduction to JUNOS Software 3 Figure 1 Configuration Selection Sequence 10 Chapter 2 Hardware Architecture 13 Figure 2 Routing Engines 15 Figure 3 J Series Routers J4300 Shown...

Страница 14: ...xiv List of Figures JUNOS Release 10 2 Software Installation and Upgrade Guide...

Страница 15: ...e Architecture 13 Table 3 Routing Engines and Storage Media Names M Series MX Series T Series TX Matrix and TX Matrix Plus Routers 17 Table 4 Routing Engines and Storage Media Names J Series Routers 2...

Страница 16: ...xvi List of Tables JUNOS Release 10 2 Software Installation and Upgrade Guide...

Страница 17: ...per Networks website at http www juniper net techpubs Juniper Networks supports a technical book program to publish books by Juniper Networks engineers and subject matter experts with book publishers...

Страница 18: ...Multicast Routing Protocol DVMRP Intermediate System to Intermediate System IS IS Internet Control Message Protocol ICMP router discovery Internet Group Management Protocol IGMP Multiprotocol Label S...

Страница 19: ...guration mode type the configure command user host configure Represents text that you type Bold text like this user host show chassis alarms No alarms currently active Represents output that appears o...

Страница 20: ...for which you can substitute one or more values square brackets edit routing options static route default nexthop address retain Identify a level in the configuration hierarchy Indention and braces I...

Страница 21: ...Support Center CSC that provides you with the following features Find CSC offerings http www juniper net customers support Search for known bugs http www2 juniper net kb Find product documentation htt...

Страница 22: ...r direct dial options in countries without toll free numbers visit us at http www juniper net support requesting support html xxii Requesting Technical Support JUNOS Release 10 2 Software Installation...

Страница 23: ...Part 1 Introduction Introduction to JUNOS Software on page 3 Hardware Architecture on page 13 Introduction 1...

Страница 24: ...2 Introduction JUNOS Release 10 2 Software Installation and Upgrade Guide...

Страница 25: ...network devices that create a responsive and trusted environment for accelerating the deployment of services and applications over a single network JUNOS Software is the foundation of these high perfo...

Страница 26: ...or high performance high availability security and device scalability not found in other operating systems The JUNOS Software is preinstalled on your Juniper Networks router when you receive it from t...

Страница 27: ...0 2 environment For more information about JUNOS FIPS see FIPS 140 2 Security Compliance on page 5 FIPS 140 2 Security Compliance For advanced network security a special version of JUNOS called JUNOS...

Страница 28: ...Matrix Plus routers jinstall JUNOS Software for the EX Series Ethernet switch portfolio jinstall ex JUNOS Software for the J Series routers junos jsr JUNOS FIPS for the M Series MX Series T Series TX...

Страница 29: ...on bundle modifies only the files required for the upgrade or downgrade between versions NOTE You should only use the installation bundle under direction of a Juniper Networks support representative T...

Страница 30: ...The JUNOS Software release number represents a particular revision of the software that runs on a Juniper Networks routing platform for example JUNOS Release 8 5 9 1 or 9 2 Each JUNOS Software releas...

Страница 31: ...ware is delivered in signed packages that contain digital signatures Secure Hash Algorithm SHA 1 and Message Digest 5 MD5 checksums A package is installed only if the checksum within it matches the ha...

Страница 32: ...your router from the factory default configuration see the specific hardware guide for your router Remote Storage of Configuration Files Configuration files can be stored off the router This can be h...

Страница 33: ...the following syntax openssl enc des k passphrase in original file out encrypted file passphrase Passphrase used to encrypt the configuration file The passphrase should be the name of the file without...

Страница 34: ...12 Automatic Installation of Configuration Files J Series Routers JUNOS Release 10 2 Software Installation and Upgrade Guide...

Страница 35: ...Series T Series and TX Matrix routers the system also includes a hard drive that acts as a backup boot drive The TX Matrix Plus router includes either a hard drive or a solid state drive as a backup b...

Страница 36: ...Series MX Series T Series and TX Matrix Routers Except for MX80 routers the JUNOS Software is installed on both the CompactFlash card and the hard drive When installed the internal CompactFlash card...

Страница 37: ...2 MB of system memory on each Routing Engine All M7i and M10i routers delivered before December 7 2007 had 256 MB of memory These routers require a system memory upgrade before you install JUNOS Relea...

Страница 38: ...ice can be a CompactFlash card a USB storage device or an LS 120 floppy disk On MX80 routers the internal NAND flash devices first da0 then da1 act as the primary and secondary boot devices The extern...

Страница 39: ...M120 da0 ad2 ad0 RE S 1300 2048 RE S 1300 Supported platforms MX240 MX480 and MX960 ad3 and ad4 ad1 ad0 RE 1600 2048 RE4 Supported platforms M320 T320 T640 T1600 and the TX Matrix da0 ad2 ad0 RE A 20...

Страница 40: ...USB media 2 Dual internal NAND flash device first da0 then da1 The TX Matrix Plus router attempts to boot from the storage media in the following order 1 USB media 2 CompactFlash card if available 3 D...

Страница 41: ...and T Series Routers http www juniper net techpubs software nog nog baseline html juniper routers7 html J Series Routers The following topics give a brief overview of the J Series routers Hardware Ove...

Страница 42: ...t the internal card is damaged or otherwise made unusable by the router Figure 3 on page 20 shows the location of the memory and ports on a J Series router Figure 3 J Series Routers J4300 Shown The J...

Страница 43: ...torage media device names are displayed as the router boots Table 4 Routing Engines and Storage Media Names J Series Routers USB Storage Media Devices External CompactFlash Card J4300 and J6300 Router...

Страница 44: ...22 Boot Sequence J Series Routers JUNOS Release 10 2 Software Installation and Upgrade Guide...

Страница 45: ...2 JUNOS Software Installation Installation Overview on page 25 Completing a Standard or Change Category Installation on page 29 Completing a Recovery Installation on page 43 JUNOS Software Installatio...

Страница 46: ...24 JUNOS Software Installation JUNOS Release 10 2 Software Installation and Upgrade Guide...

Страница 47: ...tegory change and recovery The standard installation is the standard method of upgrading and downgrading the software Use a category change installation when you are moving from one software category...

Страница 48: ...vailable with the M Series MX Series T Series TX Matrix and TX Matrix Plus routers Standard JUNOS Software domestic jinstall release domestic signed tgz This software includes high encryption capabili...

Страница 49: ...estrictions when you install this software category Installation Categories on the J Series Routers The following installation categories are available with the J Series routers JUNOS Software domesti...

Страница 50: ...guration checker cannot detect PIC combinations affected by configuration rules and cannot warn about them If you specify the force option when you upgrade the JUNOS Software the configuration checker...

Страница 51: ...n of JUNOS Software When performing a software category change you need to take special precautions during the installation These precautions delete the previous installation and prevent users from ro...

Страница 52: ...download the software in one of two ways downloading the file in a browser or using FTP on the command line Downloading Software with a Browser on page 30 Downloading Software Using the Command Line...

Страница 53: ...P session with the server ftp juniper net ftp ftp juniper net 2 Log in with your customer support supplied username and password User black juniper net none username 331 Password required for username...

Страница 54: ...ack up the current installation so that you can return to the current software installation In a dual Routing Engine system you need to back up both Routing Engines This section covers the following T...

Страница 55: ...allation process For a complete description of the backup process on the J Series routers see the J Series Services Router Administration Guide and the JUNOS Software Systems Basics Configuration Guid...

Страница 56: ...see Downloading Software on page 30 The jweb installation module adds a router management graphical user interface that you can use to view and configure your router For more information about the jwe...

Страница 57: ...o the master Routing Engine s console For more information on logging in to the Routing Engine through the console port see the administration manual for your particular router 2 Enter the JUNOS Softw...

Страница 58: ...evice instead finish the installation and then issue the request system software delete jinstall command This is your last chance to stop the installation All the software is loaded when you reboot th...

Страница 59: ...Master Election priority Backup default 4 Install the new software package using the request system software add command user host request system software add validate var tmp jinstall 9 2R1 8 domesti...

Страница 60: ...command see the JUNOS System Basics and Services Command Reference 9 Verify the master Routing Engine slot 0 is indeed the master Routing Engine user host show chassis routing engine Routing Engine st...

Страница 61: ...the previous version of the software because the running copy and backup copy of the software are identical Upgrading Individual Software Packages NOTE When you install individual software packages t...

Страница 62: ...is backed up to altconfig The root and config file systems are on the router s CompactFlash card and the altroot and altconfig file systems are on the router s hard disk NOTE After you issue the requ...

Страница 63: ...m snapshot command to back up the new software user host request system snapshot The root file system is backed up to altroot and config is backed up to altconfig The root and config file systems are...

Страница 64: ...42 Upgrading Routers Using ISSU JUNOS Release 10 2 Software Installation and Upgrade Guide...

Страница 65: ...on page 51 Restoring a Saved Configuration on page 56 Creating an Emergency Boot Disk If the router s JUNOS Software is damaged in some way that prevents the JUNOS Software from loading completely yo...

Страница 66: ...r a TX Matrix Plus router dd if dev zero of dev da0 count 20 dd if install media 9 0R2 10 domestic tgz of dev da0 bs 64k 6 Log out as su exit Saving a Rescue Configuration File A rescue configuration...

Страница 67: ...ry disk to use during the installation When the router is first shipped an emergency recovery disk is provided with it For instructions on creating an emergency boot disk see Creating an Emergency Boo...

Страница 68: ...ngle Routing Engine To create a new base configuration on a single Routing Engine Log In to the Router Console on page 46 Configure Administration User Accounts on page 47 Add the Management Console t...

Страница 69: ...ssword Retype new password password 3 Set the user account class to super user edit root set system login user user name class super user Add the Management Console to the Network To add the managemen...

Страница 70: ...sed while the local router is booting and if the routing process fails to start Once the routing process starts the backup router address is removed from the local routing and forwarding tables For mo...

Страница 71: ...er net backup router 192 168 71 254 root authentication encrypted password xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx SECRET DATA name server 192 168 5 68 172 17 28 101 login user regress class super user authent...

Страница 72: ...show command in the configuration mode the configuration statements would be edit root show system host name hostname domain name domain name backup router address root authentication encrypted passwo...

Страница 73: ...Management Console Configuration on page 54 Commit and Synchronize Changes on page 54 Configure Administration User Accounts Set the root administration user account password You also need to set up o...

Страница 74: ...tform edit root set groups re0 2 Navigate to the groups re0 level of the configuration hierarchy edit root edit groups re0 3 Specify the router hostname edit groups re0 root set system host name host...

Страница 75: ...th for the router Ethernet interface For all routers except the TX Matrix Plus router and T1600 routers in a routing matrix edit root set interfaces fxp0 unit 0 family inet address address prefix leng...

Страница 76: ...rt Access to the management port is limited to the local subnet To access the management port from a remote subnet you need to add a static route to that subnet within the routing table For more infor...

Страница 77: ...re0 re1 system domain name englab juniper net backup router 192 168 71 254 root authentication encrypted password xxxxxxxxxxx SECRET DATA name server 192 168 1 1 login user regress uid 2001 class supe...

Страница 78: ...you issue the commit statement you can review the configuration using the show command to find the errors in your configuration You can delete incorrect entries using the delete command For example t...

Страница 79: ...2 Start the CLI cli 3 Copy the configuration file on the remote server to the router s var tmp directory root host ftp remote server user username password password ftp bin Type set to I ftp get path...

Страница 80: ...ile system If you do not issue the request system snapshot command the configuration on the alternate boot drive will be out of sync with the configuration on the primary boot drive The request system...

Страница 81: ...Part 3 JUNOS Software Licenses JUNOS Software Licenses Overview on page 61 Managing JUNOS Software Licenses on page 65 JUNOS Software Licenses 59...

Страница 82: ...60 JUNOS Software Licenses JUNOS Release 10 2 Software Installation and Upgrade Guide...

Страница 83: ...ers However to conform to JUNOS feature or scale licensing requirements you must purchase one license per router License Enforcement For features or scaling levels that require a license you must inst...

Страница 84: ...aling configuration does not imply that the required licenses are installed or not required If a required license is not present the system issues a warning message after it commits the configuration...

Страница 85: ...se License Key Components To manage JUNOS licenses you must understand the components of a license key A license key consists of two parts License ID Alphanumeric string that uniquely identifies the l...

Страница 86: ...64 License Key Components JUNOS Release 10 2 Software Installation and Upgrade Guide...

Страница 87: ...r with the CLI 1 Enter operational mode in the CLI 2 Enter one of the following CLI commands To add a license key from a file or URL enter the following command specifying the filename or the URL wher...

Страница 88: ...Guide for your router To save the licenses installed on the router to a file using the CLI 1 Enter operational mode in the CLI 2 To save the installed license keys to a file or URL enter the followin...

Страница 89: ...and Static IP permanent Meaning The output shows a list of the license usage and a list of the licenses installed on the router Verify the following information Each license is present Licenses are li...

Страница 90: ...nfigured that does not have a license one license is needed For example the sample output shows that the subscriber address feature is configured but that the license for the feature has not yet been...

Страница 91: ...Part 4 Index Index on page 71 Index 69...

Страница 92: ...70 Index JUNOS Release 10 2 Software Installation and Upgrade Guide...

Страница 93: ...ng software 30 C category change software installation 26 CoA license 62 command line interface downloading software 31 comments in configuration statements xx configuration files automatic installati...

Страница 94: ...1 version displaying 30 JUNOS Software versions See JUNOS Software editions JUNOS FIPS 5 installation and configuration requirements 5 password requirements 6 L license infringement verifying license...

Страница 95: ...tem license usage command 67 explanation 68 show system storage 18 20 show version 30 show version command 30 software categories on M Series MX Series T Series TX Matrix and TX Matrix Plus routers 26...

Страница 96: ...in service software upgrade 41 upgrading or downgrading JUNOS Software 25 29 39 V validating software compatibility 30 verification active licenses 66 license usage 67 licenses 66 74 Index JUNOS Rele...

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