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INNOVATECH PRODUCTS AND EQUIPMENT CO., INC.
41
IV. Health Hazard Information
NOTE: Under normal conditions of battery use, internal components will not present a health hazard. The
following information is provided for battery electrolyte (acid) and lead for exposure that may occur during
battery production or container breakage or under extreme heat conditions such as fire
ROUTES AND METHODS OF ENTRY
Inhalation
Acid mist generated during battery formation may cause respiratory irritation. Spillage of acid from
batteries in confined areas may also lead to exposure to sulfuric acid mist.
Skin
Contact
Battery electrolyte (acid) may cause irritative contact dermatitis.
Skin
Absorption
Skin absorption is not a significant route of entry.
Eye
Contact
Battery electrolyte (acid) will irritate the eyes upon contact.
Ingestion
Hands contaminated by contact with internal components of a battery can cause ingestion of lead/lead
compounds. Hands should be washed prior to eating, drinking, or smoking.
SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF OVEREXPOSURE
Acute Effects
Acute effects of overexposure to lead compounds are GI (gastrointestinal) upset, loss of appetite, diarrhea,
constipation with cramping, difficulty in sleeping, and fatigue. Exposure and/or contact with battery
electrolyte (acid) may lead to acute irritation of the skin, corneal damage of the eyes, and irritation of the
mucous membranes of the eyes and upper respiratory system, including lungs.
Chronic Effects
Lead and its compounds may cause chronic anemia, damage to the kidneys and nervous system. Lead
may also cause reproductive system damage and can affect developing fetuses in pregnant women.
Battery electrolyte (acid) may lead to scarring of the cornea, chronic bronchitis, as well as erosion of tooth
enamel in mouth breathers in repeated exposures.
POTENTIAL TO CAUSE CANCER
The National Toxicological Program (NTP) and The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)
have classified “strong inorganic acid mist containing sulfuric acid” as a Category 1 carcinogen, a
substance that is carcinogenic to humans. The ACGIH has classified “strong inorganic acid mist
containing sulfuric acid” as an A2 carcinogen (suspected human carcinogen). These classifications do not
apply to liquid forms of sulfuric acid or sulfuric acid solutions contained within a battery. Inorganic acid
mist (sulfuric acid mist) is not generated under normal use of this product. Misuse of the product, such as
overcharging, may result in the generation of sulfuric acid mist.
The NTP and the IARC have classified lead as an A3 carcinogen (animal carcinogen). While the agent is
carcinogenic in experimental animals at relatively high doses, the agent is unlikely to cause cancer in
humans except under uncommonly high levels of exposure. For further information, see the ACGIH’s
pamphlet,
1996 Threshold Limit Values and Biological Exposure Indices.
EMERGENCY AND FIRST AID PROCEDURES
Inhalation
Remove from exposure and consult a physcian if any of the acute effects listed above develop.
Skin
Wash thoroughly with soap and water. If acid is splashed on clothing, remove and discard. If acid is
splashed in shoes, remove them immediately and discard. Acid cannot be removed from leather.
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