35
The chart below lists some of the kinds of problems that could result in abnormal gas readings.
CO
CO
2
HC
O
2
Possible Problem(s)
H
L
H
H
Rich mixture with ignition misfire
H
L
H
L
Faulty thermostat or coolant sensor.
L
L
L
H
Exhaust leak after the converter.
L
H
L
H
Injector misfire, catalytic converter operating.
H
L
ML
L
Rich mixture.
H
H
H
H
Injector misfire, catalytic converter not working; combination of rich
mixture and vacuum leak.
L
L
H
H
Ignition misfire; lean conditions; vacuum or air leak between airflow
sensor and throttle body (false air).
L
H
L
Good combustion efficiency and catalytic converter action.
L
H
L
All systems operating within tolerance; normal reading.
The following table lists some of the results possible when the air-fuel ratio is sustained at conditions ranging from too
lean to too rich.
Table 1 : Levels of Combustion Components and Tune-up Problems
CONDITION
RESULTS
Too Lean
Poor engine power
Misfiring at cruising speeds
Burned valves
Burned pistons
Scored cylinders
Spark knock or ping
Slightly Lean
High gas mileage
Low exhaust emissions
Reduced engine power
Slight tendency to knock or ping
Stoichiometric
Best all-around performance
Slightly Rich
Maximum engine power
Higher emissions
Higher fuel consumption
Lower tendency to knock or ping
Too rich
Poor fuel mileage
Misfiring
Increased air pollution
Oil contamination
Black exhaust
Along with the use of other tools and equipment, the analyzer can be used as a diagnostic tool to help identify that a
problem exists. This logical approach, along with other information and knowledge, will lead in a direction that will
help to identify the most likely cause of the problem.
Legend
L = low
M = moderate
H = high
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