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29

Response

Contributions

Effect Of Response Settings

Too High

Too Low

On/Off Hysteresis

Helps to prevent rapid
switching of output

Process swings
too far above and
below set point

Output switches
too rapidly

Hysteresis too high

Hysteresis too Low

Proportional Band

Stable control with the
m i n i m u m o f f s e t a n d
m i n i m u m p e r i o d o f
oscillation consistent with
stability.

• More stable

• Longer period

• Larger offset

Stability decreases

High Prop. Band

1

4

Decay

Low Prop. Band

Derivative

Increases stability,
permitting smaller
proportional band and
larger integral action times
to be used.

Reduces height of first
peak.

Reduces period of
oscillation.

• Stability decreases

• Process noise is
amplified

Maximum contribution
not realized

D e r i v a t i v e A c t i o n
Time too High

Derivative Action
Time Correct

Derivative Action Time
too Low

Integral

Eliminates offset between
Process and Set Point.

Time for variable to
return to set point
increases

• Stability decreases

• Period of oscillation
increases

Integral Action Time too
Low

Integral Action too High

Correct Integral Action
Time

5

CONTROL OPERATION…

…5.9

Introduction to Standard Control

Table 5.2 Effect of Control Responses on Processes

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Содержание C1900RC

Страница 1: ...1900 Circular chart recorder controller DS C1900RC EN Quick Reference Guide Circular chart recorder controller IM C1900 QC Installation Guide C1900 Circular chart recorder and recorder controller IM C1900 INS Programming Guide C1900 Circular chart recorder controller IM C1900 PGC Operating Instructions C1900 Circular chart recorder and recorder controller IM C1900 MOD User Guide C1900 Circular cha...

Страница 2: ...ced in full or part without prior approval of the Technical Publications Department Health and safety To ensure that our products are safe and without risk to health the following points must be noted The relevant sections of these instructions must be read carefully before proceeding Warning labels on containers and packages must be observed Installation operation maintenance and servicing must o...

Страница 3: ... Codes 3 2 2 Fitting the Chart 4 2 3 Fitting the Pen Capsule s 4 3 DISPLAYS CONTROLS 5 3 1 Displays and LED Indicators 5 3 2 Use of Controls 7 4 GENERAL OPERATION 8 4 1 Input Error Messages 9 5 CONTROL OPERATION 10 5 1 Operating Page Introduction 12 5 1 1 Set Point Tracking 12 5 1 2 Auto Manual Transfer 12 5 1 3 Profile Control 12 5 1 4 Cascade Control 12 5 1 5 Heat Cool Control 12 5 2 Operating P...

Страница 4: ... between Not applicable on single channel instruments 00 3 100 3 LINE FAILEd Red Pen Channel 1 Green Pen Channel 2 Blue Pen Channel 3 Black Pen Channel 4 see Note 0 35 8 8 Chart Time Line Dimensions in inches mm 0 175 4 4 0 175 4 4 2 SETTING UP 2 1 Instrument Power up Fig 2 1 and 2 2 Caution Ensure that all connections especially to the earth stud are made correctly a Check that the input sensors ...

Страница 5: ...t up stored in battery backed RAM is corrupt Check and correct data in Profile Control and Profile Program Pages Code Action A F 2 4 Calibration errors Code Error Action No error Power down and then up again If fault remains contact the local Service Organisation 1 Main board 2 Module in position 2 3 Module in position 3 4 Module in position 4 5 Module in position 5 6 Module in position 6 Analog i...

Страница 6: ...its lifter bar 7 Slide pen assembly onto the appropriate bracket until it clips into place see Note 3 Remove spent capsule 5 4 Remove cap Fit new pen capsule ensuring that the arm locates in the pen capsule slot AL RMT AT MAN 75 0 dEG F Raise pens 1 Gently pull the arm off the bracket see Note 2 2 SETTING UP 2 2 Fitting the Chart Fig 2 4 2 3 Fitting the Pen Capsule s Fig 2 5 Fig 2 4 Fitting the Ch...

Страница 7: ...er both displays are used to describe the particular page selected When parameters within the selected page are viewed the upper display shows the parameter and the lower display shows the value or setting for that parameter Alarm and Channel states are indicated by separate LEDs on the front panel faceplate s see Fig 3 1 Table 3 1 Character Set Information AL1 Channel 1 AL2 Channel 2 Status of pr...

Страница 8: ...2 CH3 CH4 AL1 AL2 AL3 AL4 202 303 Record CH1 CH2 CH3 CH4 AL1 AL2 AL3 AL4 303 404 Record Control Al RMT AT MAN 100 3 100 5 Blank Control Al RMT AT MAN 100 3 100 5 CH1 CH2 CH3 CH4 AL1 AL2 AL3 AL4 303 404 Record Control Al RMT AT MAN 200 3 200 5 Control Al RMT AT MAN 200 3 200 5 Instrument Identification 1911 1912 1913 1914 1922 1923 1924 3 DISPLAYS CONTROLS Fig 3 2 Faceplate Combinations and Product...

Страница 9: ...ROLS 3 2 Use of Controls Fig 3 3 a to g Fig 3 3 a Advancing to Next Page Fig 3 3 b Moving Between Parameters Information The key is programmed in the Set Up Function Keys Page ADVANCED CONFIGURATION LEVEL Note The key returns the instrument display to the start of the operating page only when the display is at the top of any page Fig 3 3 g Auto Manual Key Functions Fig 3 3 d Selecting a Parameter ...

Страница 10: ...nowledge Alarms Totalized Value 8888 8888 tOtALS PAGE See Note If control channels Totalizers are off or option not fitted OPrtOr LEVEL Operating Page Section 6 1 Page 35 Alarm Acknowledge Page Section 6 2 3 Page 36 Totals Page Section 6 3 Page 37 PV SPT ACKNLG ALArMS Acknowledge Alarms Totalized Value 8888 8888 tOtALS PAGE See Note If record channels Totalizers are off or option not fitted Al RMT...

Страница 11: ...s Variable 1 F PFb 200 5 Input out of range on Position Feedback Process variable input exceeds the limits for the linearizer selected 200 5 200 3 100 3 F rSt Input fail on Remote Set Point F INPt Input out of range on Controller Process Variable F rSPt F PFb Remote set point input is above or below fault detection level Remote set point input exceeds the limits for the linearizer selected Positio...

Страница 12: ...teresis HYSt ____ Approach Band APPb _ _ Derivative Action dErIU ___ PV Set Point ACKNLG ALArMS Acknowledge Alarms Alarm Identity Type Totalized Value Reset Total Stop Go 8888 8888 PV Output Manual Reset tOtALS PAGE rESEt t1___ COUNt1 ____ Total 1 ____ OP____ ____ r___ _ A HPrC ____ ____ ____ PV Units ____ dEG F Set Point Type ______ ______ Set Point Ratio Set Point Bias rAt10 1 0 00 bIAS 0 Segmen...

Страница 13: ...ual Reset tOtALS PAGE rESEt t1___ COUNt1 ____ Total 1 ____ OP____ ____ r___ _ A HPrC ____ ____ ____ PV Units ____ dEG F Set Point Type ______ ______ Set Point Ratio Set Point Bias rAt10 1 0 00 bIAS 0 Segment Time SEG __ t_____ Repeat Counts rPt Ct ____ Time tI_E ____ Date dAtE ____ Program Status PrG__ ____ See Note If Totalizer on control channel is off or Totalizer option is not fitted Al RMT AT...

Страница 14: ...he set point providing the process variable is within the proportional band If the integral action is off the output may step to a new value when the controller is transferred back to automatic control mode With remote set point tracking enabled the control set point switches automatically from remote to local when manual mode is selected 5 1 3 Profile Control Fig 5 3 5 1 4 Cascade Control The mas...

Страница 15: ...played it can be adjusted using the and keys providing adjustment is enabled in the Set Up Operating Page CONTROL CONFIGURATION LEVEL refer to the Programming Guide Process Variable Control Output Value To adjust the output value manually select Manual control mode using the key MAN LED is illuminated and then use the and keys to set the required value between 0 and 100 Process Variable Manual Res...

Страница 16: ...int frame and adjust the Local set point to obtain an acceptable difference If remote set point tracking is enabled Set Points Page CONTROL CONFIGURATION LEVEL the local set point tracks the remote set point when the remote set point is selected The key if programmed in the ADVANCED CONFIGURATION LEVEL can also be used for Local Second set point selection but transfer takes place without display o...

Страница 17: ...ramp soak hysteresis values being exceeded r HOLd retort function has placed controller in hold r rAMP retort function is ramping set point back to soak value END current program is completed but digital input signal is in Run state Current Profile Segment Time Remaining Time remaining until the end of the current segment in minutes or hours depending on the Ramp Soak Time Units set in the Profile...

Страница 18: ... Section 5 1 in the Programming Manual The key acknowledges all alarms from either faceplate In the Alarm Acknowledge Page by pressing the key see Section 5 3 3 following Note In the Alarm Acknowledge Page Channel 1 alarms can be acknowledged only from faceplate 1 Channel 2 alarms if applicable can be acknowledged only from faceplate 2 5 3 3 Using the Alarm Acknowledge Page No Alarm Active No LED ...

Страница 19: ... the Counter Reset is disabled in Set Up Totals Page the counter reset frame is omitted Counter Stop Go Select GO to start the counter or StOP to stop it Note If the Counter Stop Go is disabled in Set Up Totals Page the frame can be viewed but not altered If a digital signal is assigned to Totalizer Stop Go an active digital signal sets the counter to GO and the Counter cannot be stopped from the ...

Страница 20: ...SS C1900RC adjusts the pen position upwards towards outer edge of chart adjusts the pen position downwards towards center of chart The pen adjustment frame for any given pen only appears if the pen is a Trend pen EPROM Identification Use the key to advance to the EPROM Identification Frame The upper display shows the EPROM version e g 2001 and the lower display shows the EPROM issue number Pen pos...

Страница 21: ...ty guaranteed ramp soak Select run to continue running the profile if operator has stopped program Press the key to activate rS HLd ENd Run Hold End the profile is completed and the digital input assigned to the profile function is still in the Run state This frame is only displayed if a digital input is used to run and hold the profile Note If a digital input is assigned to the run hold function ...

Страница 22: ... can be selected Automatic entry of calculated control terms unless an auto tune error occurs Error and Caution messages indicate reason for tuning problems Information The noise level of the process is monitored and then a step is applied to the control output value The response of the process is recorded and these results are used to calculate the control terms Information At Set Point auto tuni...

Страница 23: ...put step size from its initial starting value when auto tuning is executed If the output step size is too large to allow this its value is reduced Example If the controller output value 30 and the selected step size 50 The step size is reduced to 30 The Step size should be large enough so that the amplitude of the process variable excursions are at least four times larger than the hysteresis param...

Страница 24: ...he best possible response data Set the hysteresis value required in engineering units Auto tune High Limit The process variable must be between the high and low limits when auto tuning is activated If the process value exceeds one of these the auto tuning cycle is shut off automatically by reverting to the manual control mode and returning the controller output to the value set when the auto tunin...

Страница 25: ...rol Output lower display The output value is displayed for monitoring only and cannot be changed at this frame Auto tune Status and Enable Disable At ON Auto tune On auto tuning can be switched off by pressing the key to select StOP and then pressing the key At UPd Auto tune Update the auto tune cycle is complete and the calculated terms are being written to memory At ENd Auto tune End the auto tu...

Страница 26: ...isy Check input wiring to try and find the source of the problem If the process is changing rapidly then allow it to settle before re trying the auto tuning process With Start up tuning the process variable is 10 of the display range below the control set point Allow the process variable to move further below the control set point before re trying Start up auto tuning Alternatively use the At Set ...

Страница 27: ... gives an output that is proportional to the deviation of the process variable from the set point The range over which the output is adjusted from 0 to 100 is called the proportional band and this is expressed as a percentage of the engineering range span Fig 5 8 Proportional Control Fig 5 9 Manual Reset Fig 5 10 Control Action Information Reverse Acting the output decreases as the process variabl...

Страница 28: ... a constant rate the derivative action produces a change in output proportional to this rate of change The derivative time constant is the time interval in which the part of the output signal due to proportional action increases by an amount y equal to the part of the output signal due to derivative action x The derivative acting on the process variable instead of the deviation process variable se...

Страница 29: ...ure wear Proportional Control use where cycling action of on off control is unacceptable load changes are small or infrequent offset can be tolerated or eliminated using manual reset Integral Action introduce to the control system to eliminate offset automatically if set point or load changes frequently Derivative Action introduce to the control system to enable faster approach to the set point by...

Страница 30: ...Integral Action Time OFF Derivative Action Time OFF Note Proportional Band value PBc Measure the critical cycle time tc P 2 x PBc P I 2 2 x PBc tc 1 2 P D 1 6 x PBc tc 2 tc 12 Time Process Variable Response Time Time Process Variable Response Time Process Variable Response Time Critical Cycle time tcc Decrease Proportional Band Calculate Terms P I D 1 6 x PBc tc 2 tc 8 5 CONTROL OPERATION 5 9 Intr...

Страница 31: ...eases stability permitting smaller proportional band and larger integral action times to be used Reduces height of first peak Reduces period of oscillation Stability decreases Process noise is amplified Maximum contribution not realized Derivative Action Time too High Derivative Action Time Correct Derivative Action Time too Low Integral Eliminates offset between Process and Set Point Time for var...

Страница 32: ...perational above or below depending on the control action direct or reverse the set point and is only applicable for ON OFF control see Fig 5 14 on page 26 Set the hysteresis value required for on off control in engineering units between 0 and 10 of engineering range span Proportional Band Set the proportional band value required between 0 1 and 999 9 in 0 1 increments Integral Action Time Set the...

Страница 33: ...ated by the controller The output is divided into two different control elements one for raising the product temperature heat output and one for lowering the product temperature cool output Transition Bandwidth used to transfer smoothly from one set of control terms to the other Crossover Value defines the changeover point between heat output active and cool output active The crossover value is al...

Страница 34: ...ements Integral Action Time heat output Set the required time between 1 and 7200 in 1 second increments 7200 seconds 120 minutes OFF is selected below 1 and above 7200 Manual Reset heat output Set the required proportional band offset on the lower display between 0 0 and 100 0 of the engineering range span in 0 1 increments Cycle Time cool output This setting can be ignored for analog control outp...

Страница 35: ... Section 5 10 3 Output Off Hysteresis Band Set the required value which prevents oscillation of control changes between 0 0 and 25 0 of the PID output in 0 1 increments 5 10 2 Calculating the Crossover Value Fig 5 18 The crossover value is calculated from the expression 100 Gh Gc 1 Crossover Value Where Gh Gc is the ratio of the two output driver gains The most common method for determining the Gh...

Страница 36: ...t 3 ____ Total 3 A HPrC ____ ____ ____ PV3 Units ____ ____ Time tI_E ____ Date dAtE ____ See Note ____ ____ PV4 Units ____ ____ Only applicable with Timer Option If all Totalizers are off or Totalizer option not fitted Display Channels 2 and 3 Display Channels 3 and 4 CH1 CH2 CH3 CH4 AL1 AL2 AL3 AL4 202 303 Record Faceplate 2 CH1 CH2 CH3 CH4 AL1 AL2 AL3 AL4 303 404 Record Faceplate 3 Reset Total S...

Страница 37: ... PV3 as set in the Set Up Inputs Page BASIC CONFIGURATION LEVEL Display is blank if NONE is selected Process Variable 4 PV4 Temperature Units for PV4 as set in the Set Up Inputs Page Display is blank if NONE is selected Current Time Time displayed using 24hr clock Displayed only when timer option is fitted Current Date Day and Month Displayed only when timer option is fitted Process Variable 2 PV2...

Страница 38: ...o ways In the Operating Level by pressing the key at any frame providing the key is programmed for this function see Section 5 1 in the Programming Manual The key acknowledges all alarms from either faceplate In the Alarm Acknowledge Page by pressing the key see Section 6 2 3 following Note In the Alarm Acknowledge Page Channel 2 and 3 alarms can be acknowledged only from faceplate 2 Channel 3 and...

Страница 39: ...the Advanced Software Options Manual Front Panel Batch Flow Total 2 3 The batch flow total is calculated from process variable 2 3 The flashing channel LED indicates the flow total displayed Example a flashing channel 2 LED indicates Flow Total 2 parameters displayed Counter Reset The Front Batch Flow Total can be reset to the Preset Value in Set Up Totals Page if Reset Enable in Set Up Totals Pag...

Страница 40: ... this is not required Analog inputs are slow to respond A large filter time has is set Set digital filter value to give required response in Set Up Inputs Time or date incorrect Not set for correct local time Set correct time and date in Set Up Clock Page refer to Advanced Software Manual Totalizers cannot be set to STOP or GO Operator STOP GO selection is not enabled Enable counter STOP GO in the...

Страница 41: ...es ER C Type Chart J or R in Code Number Standard Pen C1900 0076 ER C Type Chart J or R in Code Number Event Pen C1900 0078 PX105 and PXR105 Type Chart K or S in Code Number Standard Pen C1900 0075 PX105 and PXR105 Type Chart K or S in Code Number Event Pen C1900 0077 Fuses 24V B11071 4A 115V B11070 1A 230V B11069 500mA True time line event option only ...

Страница 42: ...40 NOTES ...

Страница 43: ...Sales Software Service ...

Страница 44: ...l rights in this document and in the subject matter and illustrations contained therein Any reproduction disclosure to third parties or utilization of its contents in whole or in parts is forbidden without prior written consent of ABB ABB 2018 ABB Limited Measurement Analytics Howard Road St Neots Cambridgeshire PE19 8EU UK Tel 44 0 870 600 6122 Fax 44 0 1480 217 948 Email enquiries mp uk gb abb c...

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