3Com MSR 50 Series, Руководство по настройке

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452 C
HAPTER
23: MSTP C
ONFIGURATION
change accordingly. However, the new configuration BPDU as the calculation
result cannot be propagated throughout the network immediately. If the newly
elected root port and designated ports start to forward data right away, a
temporary loop is likely to occur. For this reason, as a mechanism for state
transition in STP, a newly elected root port or designated port requires twice
the forward delay time before transitioning to the forwarding state, when the
new configuration BPDU has been propagated throughout the network.
■
Hello time is the time interval at which a device sends hello packets to the
surrounding devices to ensure that the paths are fault-free.
■
Max age is a parameter used to determine whether a configuration BPDU held
by the device has expired. A configuration BPDU beyond the max age will be
discarded.
Introduction to MSTP Why MSTP
1
Disadvantages of STP and RSTP
STP does not support rapid state transition of ports. A newly elected root port or
designated port must wait twice the forward delay time before transitioning to the
forwarding state, even if it is a port on a point-to-point link or it is an edge port,
which directly connects to a user terminal rather than to another device or a
shared LAN segment.
The rapid spanning tree protocol (RSTP) is an optimized version of STP. RSTP allows
a newly elected root port or designated port to enter the forwarding state much
quicker under certain conditions than in STP. As a result, it takes a shorter time for
the network to reach the final topology stability.
n
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In RSTP, a newly elected root port can enter the forwarding state rapidly if this
condition is met: The old root port on the device has stopped forwarding data
and the upstream designated port has started forwarding data.
■
In RSTP, a newly elected designated port can enter the forwarding state rapidly
if this condition is met: The designated port is an edge port or a port connected
with a point-to-point link. If the designated port is an edge port, it can enter
the forwarding state directly; if the designated port is connected with a
point-to-point link, it can enter the forwarding state immediately after the
device undergoes handshake with the downstream device and gets a response.
Although RSTP support rapid network convergence, it has the same drawback as
STP does: All bridges within a LAN share the same spanning tree, so redundant
links cannot be blocked based on VLANs, and the packets of all VLANs are
forwarded along the same spanning tree.
2
Features of MSTP
The multiple spanning tree protocol (MSTP) overcomes the shortcomings of STP
and RSTP. In addition to support for rapid network convergence, it also allows data
flows of different VLANs to be forwarded along their own paths, thus providing a
better load sharing mechanism for redundant links. For description about VLANs,
refer to
“VLAN Configuration” on page 487 .
MSTP features the following: