ZyWALL 70 User’s Guide
596
Appendix D IP Subnetting
Since the first octet of a class “A” IP address must contain a “0”, the first octet of a class “A”
address can have a value of 0 to 127.
Similarly the first octet of a class “B” must begin with “10”, therefore the first octet of a class
“B” address has a valid range of 128 to 191. The first octet of a class “C” address begins with
“110”, and therefore has a range of 192 to 223.
Subnet Masks
A subnet mask is used to determine which bits are part of the network number, and which bits
are part of the host ID (using a logical AND operation). A subnet mask has 32 is a “1” then
the corresponding bit in the IP address is part of the network number. If a bit in the subnet
mask is “0” then the corresponding bit in the IP address is part of the host ID.
Subnet masks are expressed in dotted decimal notation just as IP addresses are. The “natural”
masks for class A, B and C IP addresses are as follows.
Subnetting
With subnetting, the class arrangement of an IP address is ignored. For example, a class C
address no longer has to have 24 bits of network number and 8 bits of host ID. With
subnetting, some of the host ID bits are converted into network number bits. By convention,
subnet masks always consist of a continuous sequence of ones beginning from the left most bit
of the mask, followed by a continuous sequence of zeros, for a total number of 32 bits.
Table 226
Allowed IP Address Range By Class
CLASS
ALLOWED RANGE OF FIRST OCTET
(BINARY)
ALLOWED RANGE OF FIRST OCTET
(DECIMAL)
Class A
0
0000000 to
0
1111111
0 to 127
Class B
10
000000 to
10
111111
128 to 191
Class C
110
00000 to
110
11111
192 to 223
Class D
1110
0000 to
1110
1111
224 to 239
Table 227
“Natural” Masks
CLASS
NATURAL MASK
A
255.0.0.0
B
255.255.0.0
C
255.255.255.0
Summary of Contents for ZyWALL 70
Page 1: ...ZyWALL 70 Internet Security Appliance User s Guide Version 3 64 3 2005 ...
Page 2: ......
Page 38: ...ZyWALL 70 User s Guide 38 List of Figures ...
Page 46: ...ZyWALL 70 User s Guide 46 List of Tables ...
Page 74: ...ZyWALL 70 User s Guide 74 Chapter 2 Introducing the Web Configurator ...
Page 92: ...ZyWALL 70 User s Guide 92 Chapter 3 Wizard Setup ...
Page 102: ...ZyWALL 70 User s Guide 102 Chapter 4 LAN Screens ...
Page 108: ...ZyWALL 70 User s Guide 108 Chapter 5 Bridge Screens ...
Page 130: ...ZyWALL 70 User s Guide 130 Chapter 6 Wireless LAN ...
Page 136: ...ZyWALL 70 User s Guide 136 Chapter 7 WAN Screens Figure 45 WAN General ...
Page 155: ...ZyWALL 70 User s Guide Chapter 7 WAN Screens 155 Figure 55 Dial Backup Setup ...
Page 234: ...ZyWALL 70 User s Guide 234 Chapter 13 Introduction to IPSec ...
Page 275: ...ZyWALL 70 User s Guide Chapter 15 Certificates 275 Figure 125 My Certificate Details ...
Page 294: ...ZyWALL 70 User s Guide 294 Chapter 16 Authentication Server Figure 136 Local User Database ...
Page 314: ...ZyWALL 70 User s Guide 314 Chapter 17 Network Address Translation NAT ...
Page 318: ...ZyWALL 70 User s Guide 318 Chapter 18 Static Route ...
Page 324: ...ZyWALL 70 User s Guide 324 Chapter 19 Policy Route ...
Page 340: ...ZyWALL 70 User s Guide 340 Chapter 20 Bandwidth Management ...
Page 376: ...ZyWALL 70 User s Guide 376 Chapter 22 Remote Management ...
Page 390: ...ZyWALL 70 User s Guide 390 Chapter 24 Logs Screens Figure 194 Log Settings ...
Page 413: ...ZyWALL 70 User s Guide Chapter 25 Maintenance 413 Figure 216 Restart Screen ...
Page 414: ...ZyWALL 70 User s Guide 414 Chapter 25 Maintenance ...
Page 440: ...ZyWALL 70 User s Guide 440 Chapter 28 WAN and Dial Backup Setup ...
Page 456: ...ZyWALL 70 User s Guide 456 Chapter 31 DMZ Setup ...
Page 460: ...ZyWALL 70 User s Guide 460 Chapter 32 Route Setup ...
Page 470: ...ZyWALL 70 User s Guide 470 Chapter 33 Remote Node Setup ...
Page 522: ...ZyWALL 70 User s Guide 522 Chapter 39 System Information Diagnosis ...
Page 538: ...ZyWALL 70 User s Guide 538 Chapter 40 Firmware and Configuration File Maintenance ...
Page 550: ...ZyWALL 70 User s Guide 550 Chapter 42 Remote Management ...
Page 558: ...ZyWALL 70 User s Guide 558 Chapter 43 IP Policy Routing ...
Page 573: ...ZyWALL 70 User s Guide Chapter 45 Troubleshooting 573 Figure 360 Java Sun ...
Page 574: ...ZyWALL 70 User s Guide 574 Chapter 45 Troubleshooting ...
Page 582: ...ZyWALL 70 User s Guide 582 Appendix B Removing and Installing a Fuse ...
Page 602: ...ZyWALL 70 User s Guide 602 Appendix D IP Subnetting ...
Page 608: ...ZyWALL 70 User s Guide 608 Appendix F PPTP ...
Page 626: ...ZyWALL 70 User s Guide 626 Appendix H Triangle Route ...
Page 656: ...ZyWALL 70 User s Guide 656 Appendix K Importing Certificates ...
Page 658: ...ZyWALL 70 User s Guide 658 Appendix L Command Interpreter ...
Page 664: ...ZyWALL 70 User s Guide 664 Appendix M Firewall Commands ...
Page 668: ...ZyWALL 70 User s Guide 668 Appendix N NetBIOS Filter Commands ...
Page 674: ...ZyWALL 70 User s Guide 674 Appendix P Brute Force Password Guessing Protection ...
Page 696: ...ZyWALL 70 User s Guide 696 Appendix R Log Descriptions ...