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Broadband Analyzer/Generator

ANT-20/ANT-20E

I-8

Introduction

5

Overview: Virtual Instruments, “VIs”

To make it easier to locate and operate the large number of instrument functions, a user
interface was developed for the ANT-20 family of instruments that makes use of the concept of
virtual instruments or “VIs”. The VIs are designed so that each has a clearly defined set of tasks.
By selecting specific VIs, tools or “applications” can be developed and tailored to perform
particular measurement tasks. The VIs for the Broadband Analyzer/Generator are summarized
briefly below.

Table I-1

Virtual instruments for the Broadband Analyzer/Generator

Virtual instrument

Protocol
layer

Function

Icon

Name

Phy

s

ical

AT

M

Higher

ATM Test Control

• • •

Configure the test connection, signaling emulation and
protocol layers for ATM measurements. Define
measurement modes and virtual channels. Control traffic
generation. Insert errors in the ATM and higher layers.

ATM Test Results

• • •

Display and output the results of the ATM measurements
made.

ATM Channel Explorer

• • •

Characterize ATM traffic at the standard interfaces and
trace alarms in the ATM layer (up to 1000 channels).
Perform AAL layer analysis.

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Summary of Contents for ANT-20

Page 1: ...BN 3035 98 32 ANT 20 ANT 20E Advanced Network Tester Broadband Analyzer Generator BN 3035 90 80 Software Version 7 20 Operating Manual 9 ...

Page 2: ...e ETSI These Recommendations and Standards are subject to copyrights of these organizations Without written permission of the ITU T and or ETSI it is not permitted to copy ITU T Recommendations or ETSI standards or parts thereof and or make them available to third parties Wavetek Wandel Goltermann Eningen GmbH Co Mühleweg 5 72800 Eningen u A 2000 Author MDD TD Translator John Nutley Order no BN 30...

Page 3: ...ation I 6 4 Using and setting up the Broadband Analyzer Generator I 7 5 Overview Virtual Instruments VIs I 8 6 Often used terminology I 9 Operation 1 ATM Test Control O 1 1 1 Introduction O 1 1 2 ATM Test Control window layout and commands O 2 1 3 Important dialog windows O 4 2 ATM Test Results O 7 2 1 Introduction O 7 2 2 ATM Test Results main window layout and commands O 7 2 3 Results window O 9...

Page 4: ...ayer QoS Looped Topology test type O 27 5 4 The ATM Layer QoS PVC Point to point test type O 28 5 5 The ATM Layer QoS PVC Looped test type O 29 5 6 The ATM Layer QoS SVC Calling test type O 30 5 7 The ATM Layer QoS SVC Called test type O 30 5 8 The ATM Layer QoS SVC Self Call test type O 31 5 9 The Test Setup dialog Configure test type O 32 5 9 1 Select channel O 33 5 9 2 Header O 34 5 9 3 Called ...

Page 5: ... Test Control VI A 9 2 3 3 Configuring the Test Type ATM Test Control VI A 10 2 4 Enabling and Disabling Test Traffic ATM Test Control VI A 12 2 5 Editing Test Parameters On Line ATM Test Control VI A 13 2 6 Inserting Errors ATM Test Control VI A 14 2 7 Displaying the Results ATM Test Results VI A 15 2 7 1 Preparing to Record Results A 15 2 7 2 Displaying the Signaling Analysis A 16 2 7 3 The Qual...

Page 6: ...raffic Shaper TB 8 2 Testing Switched Virtual Circuits SVCs TB 9 2 1 General features of the signaling Software version 6 5 TB 9 2 2 Interoperability with other instruments TB 9 2 3 Starting and stopping signaling generating test traffic TB 10 2 4 Calling mode TB 10 2 5 Called mode TB 13 2 6 Self Call mode TB 15 Specifications ATM Layer 1 Generator S 1 1 1 Scrambling S 1 1 2 Fill Cells S 1 1 3 Cel...

Page 7: ...mbling S 7 2 2 General Functions S 7 2 2 1 Error Measurements Anomalies S 7 2 2 2 Alarm Detection Defects S 7 2 2 3 Receiver Bandwidth S 7 2 3 ATM Layer Quality of Service Measurements S 8 2 3 1 General Features S 8 2 3 2 Error Related Parameters S 8 2 3 3 Delay Related Parameters S 8 2 3 4 Alarm Detection Defects S 9 2 3 5 Other Parameters S 9 2 4 Channel Explorer S 10 2 4 1 Activity Scan S 10 2 ...

Page 8: ...Broadband Analyzer Generator ANT 20 ANT 20E vi Notes ...

Page 9: ...on supports the test which also allows you to optimize the ATM traffic management Both SVCs Switched Virtual Circuits and PVCs Permanent Virtual Circuits are tested precisely Testing of different ATM service categories will be supported directly by the Broadband Analyzer Generator ATM traffic contracts can be analyzed in detail and can therefore be guaranteed by means of an acceptance test The fig...

Page 10: ...ated interfaces This ensures that the necessary interface is easily accessible when you are on the move Fig I 2 Comprehensive choice of interfaces for the ANT 20 ANT 20E The Broadband Analyzer Generator operates in Emulate mode for an UNI interface for most test applications This configuration provides the test instrument with characteristics that are similar to those of an ATM terminal This confi...

Page 11: ...ated 1 Test circuit set up 2 Performance analysis over the test circuit Fig I 3 Automatic test sequence for switched virtual circuits The receiver of the Broadband Analyzer Generator can be used separately for troubleshooting or analysis The ANT 20 ANT 20E can be used with a T connector or optical power splitter for this monitor type operating mode Fig I 4 ANT 20 ANT 20E monitor function ...

Page 12: ...ents of the Broadband Analyzer Generator include a print function to allow you to produce hard copies that can be used for presentations The Broadband Analyzer Generator is particularly suitable for end to end or Multicall test applications The concept allows new connections network nodes or network terminations to be tested simply and reliably on the customer s premises These tests can also be au...

Page 13: ...k Ratio CMR Cell Misinsertion Rate Availability related network performance parameters LPAC Loss of Performance Assessment Capability Delay related network performance parameters CTD Cell Transfer Delay CDV Cell Delay Variation Using this measurement method particularly precise long term measurements are possible which allow evidence of the constant high quality of a connection to be obtained 3 2 ...

Page 14: ...M signals The ATM Channel Explorer is used to analyze ATM signals This tool for example can perform rapid diagnostics by finding the active ATM channels and displaying their bandwidth and AAL distributions A further application is the detection of defects and anomalies in the ATM signal 3 5 Other fields of application The range of applications for the Broadband Analyzer Generator is very wide and ...

Page 15: ... The number of operating steps needed has been reduced to a minimum 1 Select the required instrument configuration 2 Select the test type 3 Select and edit the default test parameters where necessary 4 Start the measurement The generator produces a test data stream in accordance with the selected test type and the analyzer outputs the test results in optimized form If one of the pre defined applic...

Page 16: ...rement tasks The VIs for the Broadband Analyzer Generator are summarized briefly below Table I 1 Virtual instruments for the Broadband Analyzer Generator Virtual instrument Protocol layer Function Icon Name Physical ATM Higher ATM Test Control Configure the test connection signaling emulation and protocol layers for ATM measurements Define measurement modes and virtual channels Control traffic gen...

Page 17: ...rly if signaling emulation is being used A test type consists of a measurement mode only ATM Layer QoS is available in this software version and a connection mode When a test type is selected the instrument is pre set for performing the measurement A setup dialog is provided for each test type so that you can make settings that are specific to the test you want to perform The settings for all test...

Page 18: ...ic type must be specified for each virtual channel defined in the Channel Editor of the ATM Test Control VI Example traffic types CBR constant bit rate VBR nRT variable bit rate non real time DBR deterministic bit rate SBR statistical bit rate The CBR and DBR traffic types are identical in most respects This is also true of the VBR nRT and SBR traffic types Switched Virtual Circuit SVC Forward is ...

Page 19: ...ment of the effects of these parameters on the behavior of the device under test On line control also allows errors anomalies and defects to be inserted into the test cell stream The ATM Test Control VI is normally used together with the ATM Test Results VI The latter displays the test results as determined by the selected test type and corresponding instrument configuration The settings made for ...

Page 20: ...he toolbar When you select a menu command or an icon a dialog window for making further settings may appear in the foreground Fig O 1 ATM Test Control main window The ATM Test Control main window essentially consists of the menu bar and pull down menus the toolbar and the workspace with configuration diagram Menu bar The menu bar contains a range of pull down menus for selecting the following comm...

Page 21: ...shown Further information describes the configuration and the instrument status in detail Fig O 2 Display of Port configuration Main window ATM Test Control VI Example Emulate and switched virtual circuit SVC Icon Meaning Configure instrument Instrument Configuration Select test type set test parameters Test Setup Alter source parameters on line Test Online Control Insert errors Test Error Inserti...

Page 22: ... in this dialog The dialog shows the selected configuration in graphical form along with push buttons that open further dialogs for a given layer This is also the case for the physical layer the Signal Structure VI is opened when the PHYSICAL button is clicked assuming that the Signal Structure VI has been loaded in the current application see Sec 4 4 Page O 19 Fig O 3 Instrument Configuration dia...

Page 23: ...e Channel Editor dialog The Channel Editor is used to define virtual channels and save them in a database Sec 6 Page O 38 Push buttons and a list box in the dialog window header are used for defining and handling the channels When first used the list contains a range of default virtual channels for the usual types of traffic CBR VBR etc These channels can be saved under a new name and edited indiv...

Page 24: ...nerated while a measurement is running Any changes made become effective immediately The channels A B etc are controlled from separate index cards Fig O 7 The Test Online Control dialog The Test Error Insertion dialog The Test Error Insertion dialog is used to insert test specific errors anomalies and defects into the test cell stream The channels A B etc are controlled from separate index cards F...

Page 25: ...uirements The ATM Test Results VI is primarily intended for use with the ATM Test Control VI Restrictions The following virtual instruments cannot be used within a single application at the same time as the ATM Test Results VI ATM Signal Structure ATM Background Generator and ATM Traffic Analyzer Tip Detailed analysis of the physical layer is performed using the Anomaly Defect Analyzer VI which ca...

Page 26: ...ons for customizing the screen display are found in the menu bar Meanings of icons from left to right equivalent menu command shown in brackets Menu bar and toolbar Result window workspace Options Select optional settings for the record file for signaling measurements Print Print out or export the results View Customize the application window Help Use on line help Icon Meaning Cascade the results ...

Page 27: ...he workspace regardless of the current type of test Fig O 10 Receiver Status results window Quality Of Service The Quality Of Service results window Fig 11 Page 2 10 shows the ITU T O 191 QoS performance parameters The index cards of the window show detailed channel specific results The right hand section of the window is always visible and shows the alarm states for all channels The VI displays t...

Page 28: ... circuits SVC The record is saved in a Log File If the Log QoS Parameters option is activated the results for the QoS parameters are also saved in the log file when the circuit is teared down The results of ATM Layer QoS SVC type measurements can be recorded completely in this way This is particularly useful if an instrument is operated in Called mode without supervision over a long period of time...

Page 29: ...ions The channels recorded in the database can be subjected to various analyses such as AAL type analysis Trouble Scan Trouble Scan registers all virtual paths VPs and virtual channels VCs where an alarm state AIS or RDI is present up to a maximum count of 1000 VP F4 and VC F5 layer results are listed separately Requirements To operate the ATM Channel Explorer VI the Signal Structure VI must also ...

Page 30: ...he toolbar Fig O 13 ATM Channel Explorer main window with results list The ATM Channel Explorer main window essentially consists of the menu bar and pull down menus the toolbar and the workspace with results window Menu bar The menu bar contains a few simple pulldown menus for selecting the following commands or groups of commands Menu bar and toolbar Results window e g Scan Activity Scan Select S...

Page 31: ...ht equivalent menu command shown in brackets Icon Meaning Start and stop Scan Scan Start Analyse AAL type in the active channel Analyse AAL Type Display AAL Type Distribution as a pie chart Analyse AAL Type Distribution Sort channels by VPI VCI values Sort VPI VCI Sort channels by bandwidth load Sort Bandwidth Delete inactive channels Options Aging Select UNI Options UNI Select NNI Options NNI Pri...

Page 32: ...ther processing Scan Activity The Scan Activity investigates for active channels The instrument detects every active channel and enters it in the results list The results list is expanded until no new channels are detected or the maximum number of 1000 channels is reached Each line corresponds to a channel The columns in the results list contain the specific attributes of the channel Analyse AAL T...

Page 33: ...that are in an alarm state The instrument detects every alarm message cell and enters the corresponding channel in the results list There are two results windows corresponding to the error management hierarchy F4 window OAM Flow 4 VP level F5 window OAM Flow 5 VC level Fig O 15 Scan Trouble results display ...

Page 34: ...rement task and to match the instrument to the protocol layers used You can also select whether permanent PVC or switched SVC virtual circuits are to be tested If switched virtual connections are selected you can also configure the signaling emulation and set the ATM address of the instrument in this dialog The dialog shows the selected configuration in graphical form along with push buttons that ...

Page 35: ... switched virtual connections The Emulate topology must be used if signaling emulation is to be used Emulate can only be selected if the physical layer bit rate and mapping are the same for the generator and the receiver and if an ATM mapping is selected Fig O 17 Dialog display if Emulate topology is selected Section Meaning Port configuration Set the topology Sec 4 3 Page O 17 Tx Rx Configuration...

Page 36: ...ceiver Using this topology it is possible to configure the physical layer for different bit rates or mappings for the generator and receiver An ATM mapping must however be selected for the Tx and Rx sides Fig O 18 Dialog display if Looped topology is selected Disabled Pseudo topology indicating that ATM operation is disabled Fig O 19 Dialog display if Disabled option is selected ...

Page 37: ... sub dialog is used to configure the ATM layer Fig O 20 The ATM Layer sub dialog Emulate topology Button Meaning SERVICE1 Configure the ATM service layer SIG2 Configure the signaling protocol Sec 4 5 1 Page O 21 AAL1 Configure the ATM adaptation layer SAAL1 Configure the signaling AAL ATM3 Configure the ATM layer Sec 4 4 1 Page O 19 PHYSICAL3 Configure the physical layer Sec 4 4 2 Page O 21 1 Actu...

Page 38: ...ng Type of stuffing cells Idle cells option Unassigned cells option Rx Settings b Receiver parameters1 Interface Interface type UNI option User Network Interface NNI option Network Node Interface Payload Scrambler Activate deactivate payload scrambler CLOSE c Action button to confirm settings and return to main dialog 1 In Emulate topology the Tx settings are also set for the receiver Table O 6 Me...

Page 39: ...ost of the edit boxes This avoids undesired effects during instrument settings Note Overhead bytes of the physical frame can be configured with the separate Overhead Generator VI 4 5 Signaling emulation The check box activates signaling emulation Note Signaling can only be activated if Emulate topology has been selected To configure the signaling open the Instrument configuration Signaling Protoco...

Page 40: ...is selected With Associated Signaling the user channels are in the same virtual path VP as the signaling channel Signaling Channel b Header value for the signaling channel Decimal Hex Input format Decimal option Decimal input Hex option Hexadecimal input VPI Virtual path identifier VCI Virtual channel identifier Range Display field for VPI VCI range of values Instrument Address c Address display a...

Page 41: ...ss Table O 9 Parts of Address Input dialog Button Check Box Meaning Button for Number type Type of address international international national1 national network specific1 network specific subscriber1 subscriber specific abbreviated1 abbreviated unknown1 unknown Numbering plan Type of numbering plan ISDN ISDN standard plan unknown1 unknown plan Check Box for E 164 address without prefix2 edit box ...

Page 42: ...Public network code number for Q 2931 only as per E 191 Edit boxes for IDI2 Initial Domain Identifier HO DSP2 High Order Specific Part ESI2 End System Identifier SEL2 Selector Display field Length Number of characters for the selected edit box e g 4 for ICD IDI 1 NSAP address AFI 2 characters IDI HO DSP ESI SEL length 40 2 Hexadecimal Table O 11 Parts of Address Input dialog Box Meaning Enable Sub...

Page 43: ...he given configuration setting are displayed for selection The table below indicates the test types that can be selected Connection Mode Meaning For PVCs Point to Point The virtual connection is a point to point connection between two or more instruments Looped The virtual connection is a looped back point to point connection The loop back can be either in the ATM layer or in the physical layer Fo...

Page 44: ... the current virtual connection mode as a pictogram with the channel names as specified in the Channel Editor Fig O 23 The Test Setup dialog with available test types e g with types for switched virtual circuits SVCs ATM Layer QoS SVC Calling Yes Emulate Two instruments required Only possible on UNI ATM Layer QoS SVC Called Yes Emulate Two instruments required Only possible on UNI ATM Layer QoS SV...

Page 45: ...nt Calling or Called connection mode Looped topology Looped or Self Call connection mode Configure Test c Button for opening the Test Setup dialog to configure the test Sec 5 9 Page O 32 Action buttons d OK Confirm the selected test type and or parameter settings in the Test Setup dialog and return to the main window Cancel Cancel the settings 1 Names as specified in the Channel Editor Table O 15 ...

Page 46: ...fective in determining adherence to traffic contracts Two test instruments are required Characteristics Measurement of permanent virtual connections PVC Up to four virtual channels possible Cell delay measurements are not possible Bi directional symmetrical or asymmetric channels can be tested Basic instrument settings Emulate topology Signaling emulation off The pictogram shown opposite appears i...

Page 47: ...irtual connections PVC Up to two virtual channels possible Cell delay measurements are possible Bi directional symmetrical channels can be tested From the point of view of the DUT the channels are bi directional and symmetrical from the test instrument point of view the connection is a unidirectional loop Loop back in the ATM layer If you select bi directional channels in the extended Test Setup d...

Page 48: ...affic contracts When the instrument accepts the call it automatically configures its transmitter according to the contract parameters contained in the incoming Setup Message The instrument then starts generating traffic if traffic generation has been enabled by the user and measuring the QoS parameters Traffic generation ceases after the call is cleared down The instrument can be called as often a...

Page 49: ...not possible Bi directional symmetrical or asymmetric channels can be tested Basic instrument settings Emulate topology Signaling emulation on The pictogram shown opposite appears in the workspace of the VI Tip Configurations using more than two test instruments are also possible Characteristics Measurement of switched virtual connections SVC Up to two virtual channels possible Cell delay measurem...

Page 50: ...this way all the corresponding parameters will be assigned to the test channel on the current index card in a single step The first time that you open the dialog the edit boxes on the index cards will be empty as no assignment has yet been made This status is indicated in the selection list by the item disabled As a large number of parameters are required for complete definition of a channel contr...

Page 51: ...tion of virtual channel types that can be used to rapidly configure the test channels The list is arranged in order of traffic type To preserve clarity only those channel types that can be used with the current instrument configuration are shown in the list box e g if a test type for permanent virtual connections PVC has been selected no channels will be listed which are defined as switched virtua...

Page 52: ... selecting the VPI VCI format Decimal Input and display of the numerical values for Tx and Rx as decimal numbers Hex Input and display of the numerical values for Tx and Rx as hexadecimal numbers Tx Tx side header values UNI NNI Display indicating the interface to which the parameters apply GFC Generic Flow Control for UNI only VPI1 Virtual Path Identifier VCI1 Virtual Channel Identifier Kennziffe...

Page 53: ...on Meaning Called Party Address Address display and action button for changing the called address Format Format type display e g Native E 164 Address Address display various formats Subaddress Sub address display if required Change Address Change address for Native E 164 format Sec 4 5 1 Page O 21 for NSAP format Sec 4 5 2 Page O 22 Table O 18 Called party address dialog sections Section Meaning O...

Page 54: ...than the peak cell rate Cell jitter and burst size are limited by the characteristics of the traffic generator If a parameter value cannot be set as required this may be due to the set values of other parameters It is a good idea to set the parameters in the following order Mean and peak cell rates Burst size Cell jitter The maximum values for burst size and cell jitter are limited and depend on t...

Page 55: ...all Connection Modes the instrument generates traffic on up to two channels in both directions The channels are then labeled as follows on the index cards and in the Multiplexer field In the other Connection Modes the instrument generates traffic on up to four channels in one direction The channels are labeled as follows Channel A Channel A forward direction Channel A Channel A backward direction ...

Page 56: ...ase is included in the Channel Editor This database is used to exchange channel definitions between applications and instruments One database is available per instrument When a channel is used in an application a copy of the channel is saved with the application Each time the application is loaded the instrument checks that the copy is identical to the channel definition in the database or if the ...

Page 57: ...ex cards b General For entering general channel parameters Header Address For entering header information or addresses Traffic Contract For entering main traffic contract parameters Traffic Contract con t For entering further traffic contract parameters Traffic Source For entering source parameters Buttons c Help Push button Calls up on line Help CLOSE Push button Closes the dialog 1 Arranged in a...

Page 58: ... b Available channels forward backward Unidirectional1 unidirectional Bi directional sym 2 bidirectional symmetrical Bi directional asym bidirectional asymmetric Connection type c Available connection types Switched switched virtual connections SVC Permanent permanent virtual connection PVC Channel type d Available channel types Virtual channel virtual channel Virtual path virtual path not yet sup...

Page 59: ...he following meanings a c b Button Box Meaning Format a Radio buttons for selecting the VPI VCI format Decimal Tx and Rx numerical values entered and displayed as decimal numbers Hex Tx and Rx numerical values entered and displayed as hexadecimal numbers b Tx Rx side header values UNI NNI Input of interface type GFC Generic Flow Control for UNI only VPI 1 Virtual Path Identifier VCI 1 Virtual Chan...

Page 60: ...nnel defined for Q 2931 if the instrument is configured for UNI 3 1 a b Button Box Meaning Protocol a Combo box with protocol types UNI 3 0 UNI 3 1 Q 2931 Default Called Party Address b Address display and action button for editing the default called party address of the channel Format Format type display e g Native E 164 Address Address display various formats Subaddress Sub address display if ne...

Page 61: ...Contract parameters for forward backward direction Peak Cell Rate Peak cell rate CDVT peak Cell delay variation tolerance referred to the peak cell rate Sustainable Cell Rate2 Sustainable cell rate Burst Tolerance2 Burst tolerance Maximum Burst Size3 CDVT sustained2 Cell delay variation tolerance referred to the sustainable cell rate Additional action buttons for bi directional asymmetric channels...

Page 62: ...ward Backward QoS Parameters Quality of Service class for forward backward direction Class 0 Unspecified Class 0 No quality of service specified Class 11 Class 1 Class 21 Class 2 Class 31 Class 3 Class 41 Class 4 Additional action buttons for bi directional asymmetric channels2 Forward Backward Copies the forward parameters to the backward direction Forward Backward Copies the backward parameters ...

Page 63: ...rd direction Peak Cell Rate Peak cell rate Cell Jitter Cell delay variation tolerance referred to the peak cell rate Mean Cell Rate1 Sustainable cell rate Burst Size1 Burst tolerance Additional action buttons for bi directional asymmetric channels2 Forward Backward Copies the forward parameters to the backward direction Forward Backward Copies the backward parameters to the forward direction Forwa...

Page 64: ...Broadband Analyzer Generator ANT 20 ANT 20E O 46 Operation Notes ...

Page 65: ...g interface settings or measurements on the physical layer offset level It does not have to be saved along with the other VIs if this information is not required or if the interface characteristics do not need to be altered To select the instruments for your application 1 Click the above icon in the Toolbar of the Application Manager The Add Remove Instruments dialog window opens 2 Click on the ch...

Page 66: ...n Starting the measurement Click on the traffic signal button The measurement will be carried out with the parameters set in the Measurement Settings dialog Application manager The traffic button display will change from green to red The status display will change from Stopped to Running The measurement will be stopped automatically after the Gate time run down A measurement can also be stopped ma...

Page 67: ... instrument Set topology physical layer ATM layer and where appropriate signaling 3 Select test type 4 Configure test type Set test type traffic type source parameters call address 5 Enable disable test traffic Sec 2 3 1 Page A 5 Sec 2 3 2 Page A 9 Sec 2 3 3 Page A 10 Sec 2 4 Page A 12 6 Prepare results recording Arrange results windows Activate Log file if necessary Sec 2 7 1 Page A 15 7 Start me...

Page 68: ...le selection of an end to end measurement requires the use of a second instrument The operating steps described apply to the left hand instrument in Calling mode Fig A 4 Test setup for switched point to point connection 2 3 Application settings VIs required ATM Test Control ATM Test Results Signal Structure Add the VIs required to the list of VIs used in the Application Manager The Application Man...

Page 69: ...ast setting The ATM Test Control VI is used to configure the instrument and to select a test type and its configuration see Sec 2 3 2 The instrument configuration covers the selection of the connection configuration topology settings for the various protocol layers in particular of the ATM and higher layers and the selection of the connection type permanent or switched To configure the instrument ...

Page 70: ...er sub dialog 2 Select the interface corresponding to the actual measurement connection of the instrument by means of the Interface option buttons If signaling is used only the UNI interface type for terminal equipment is available 3 Check the Payload Scrambler check box if the test cell payload is to be scrambled 4 Select the type of justification cells using the Stuffing option buttons Idle Cell...

Page 71: ...icking the appropriate buttons 4 Click the TX RX button This sets the receiving side to the same settings as the transmitting side 5 Confirm the input by clicking OK this returns you to the Instrument Configuration dialog E To configure the signaling The Instrument Configuration dialog is open 1 Click the SIG button The Instrument Configuration Signaling Protocol dialog window opens Fig A 11 The I...

Page 72: ...Fig A 12 The Address Input dialog 6 Select the address format e g Native E 164 7 Select the type of code number e g International 8 Select the type of numbering plan e g ISDN 9 Set the address or dialling number without 0 prefix The maximum number of digits is shown under Length 10 Click the CLOSE button to confirm the address This returns you to the Signaling Protocol or Instrument Configuration ...

Page 73: ...tion To select and configure the test type required for your measurement task The instrument is configured for Emulate topology with switched virtual connections SVCs The ATM Test Control main window is open Click on this icon button or select the Test Setup menu command The Test Setup dialog window opens Fig A 13 The Test Setup dialog 1 Select the desired test type from the Test type list box e g...

Page 74: ... to the first test channel e g with the designation CBR_Voice constant bit rate voice traffic The corresponding parameter values are shown on the index card 2 Click on the index card for the second channel e g Channel B The index card moves to the front 3 In the Select channel list select the virtual channel that you want to assign to the second test channel e g with the designation CBR_Data const...

Page 75: ...ional 4 Select the type of numbering plan e g ISDN 5 Set the address or dialling number without 0 prefix The maximum number of digits is shown under Length 6 Click the CLOSE button to confirm the address This returns you to the Test Setup window C Changing the source parameters e g Peak Cell Rate a Click the arrow key to increase the parameter value in decades or b Click the arrow key to decrease ...

Page 76: ...t traffic Fig A 19 Removing test channel 2 4 Enabling and Disabling Test Traffic ATM Test Control VI The ATM Test Control main window is open To enable the test cell stream Click the above icon in the Toolbar or Select the Test Traffic Enable menu command Test traffic will be enabled To disable the test cell stream Click the above icon in the Toolbar again or Select the Test Traffic Enable menu co...

Page 77: ...ell Rate Mean Cell Rate Cell Jitter and Burst Size Fig A 20 Test Online Control dialog eg for test type ATM Quality of Service ATM Layer QoS SVC Calling a Click on the index tab of the virtual channel required e g Channel A The test parameters for the channel are placed on top b Change the parameter e g Peak Cell Rate continuously using the arrow keys or c Set the default parameter value by clicki...

Page 78: ...n the tab index for the virtual channel required e g Channel A The action buttons for the various error types are placed on top b Insert an anomaly e g Severely Errored Cell Block by clicking the Insert button next to SECB Each time the button is clicked the anomaly will be inserted into the test cell stream c Insert an alarm e g Virtual Path Remote Defect Indication by clicking the OFF button nex...

Page 79: ...s per ITU T O 191 The results are displayed for up to four test channels Cell Error Ratio Cell Loss Ratio Cell Misinsertion Rate Mean Cell Transfer Delay etc Signaling Analysis This window indicates the results of signaling analysis 2 7 1 Preparing to Record Results Arranging the results windows for the application Normally the three results windows are displayed in a space saving cascade arrangem...

Page 80: ... programs 2 7 2 Displaying the Signaling Analysis For each measurement involving switched virtual connections SVC a record of the signaling is made and is displayed in the Signaling Analysis window This record is also saved as a log file If the Log QoS Parameters option is activated the QoS parameter results will also be saved in the log file when the connection is cleared down This permits the ma...

Page 81: ...cuit disconnected Yellow connecting Circuit in process of connecting Green connected Circuit connected switched disconnected Circuit disconnected connecting Circuit in process of connecting connected Circuit connected switched for disconnected Indication of reason for disconnection for connecting Address of called instrument and traffic contract parameters for called instrument only for connected ...

Page 82: ...he View Quality Of Service menu command The Quality Of Service window is displayed on top with the QoS parameters left section and possible alarm events right section Fig A 25 The Quality Of Service results window QoS Parameter Error Related Parameters The Error Related Parameters display field shows the performance parameters indicating communication errors for the selected test channel The two l...

Page 83: ...nsfer delay Max CTD Maximum cell transfer delay Mean CTD Mean cell transfer delay 2 pt CDVpp 2 point cell delay variation Analyzed Cells Number of cells analyzed The greater the number of cells evaluated the more reliable the values measured for the error and delay related parameters LPAC Indication of Defect Seconds for which no performance parameters could be measured Loss of Performance Assessm...

Page 84: ...e Receiver Status window The Receiver Status results window gives a quick overview of the status of the receiver This window is always displayed in the workspace regardless of the current type of test Putting the Receiver Status window on top Click the above icon button of the toolbar or Select the View Receiver Status menu command The Receiver Status window is displayed on to Fig A 26 The Receive...

Page 85: ...sical layer The alarm status is shown by LEDs and the alarm duration is shown under Defect Seconds Correctable Total number of correctable header errors Uncorrectable Total number of uncorrectable header errors Loss of Cell Del Loss of Cell Delineation Phys Layer Def Physical Layer Defect Alarm occurring as a result of an interruption in the data stream in the physical layer Yellow History On if t...

Page 86: ...lect the Activity scan if active traffic channels are to be dis played or Select the Trouble scan type if channels showing alarms are to be displayed 5 Select the options Select the interface at which the measurement is being made Deselect the inactive channels 6 Trigger the scan The traffic check or alarm detection procedure starts The required channels are entered one after the other in the resu...

Page 87: ... the events on an ATM link and to analyze them The various Scan and analysis types available are described Fig A 27 Test setup for traffic checking 3 3 Application settings VIs required ATM Channel Explorer Signal Structure Add the VIs required to the list of VIs used in the Application Manager The Application Manager should include at least the following instruments see Fig A 28 Fig A 28 Minibar ...

Page 88: ...Channel Explorer main window appears on top To select Activity scan if this is not activated by default The scan type is set and the scan is controlled from the Scan menu Click the item Activity in the Scan menu The selected function is marked with a dot Fig A 29 The Scan menu with selected Activity scan type and corresponding results list To start the scan Click the above icon button of the toolb...

Page 89: ...window AAL analysis may take a very long time You can interrupt the analysis at any time using the Cancel button All the channels listed regardless of AAL status are checked during an AAL analysis Column Meaning No Sequence number to assist orientation in the list VPI Virtual Path Identifier Displayed as a decimal number VCI Virtual Channel Identifier Displayed as a decimal number CI BW Congestion...

Page 90: ...showing the current distribution of active channels according to AAL types is displayed The pie chart gives a dynamic overview The table lists percentage values to give a quantitative display Fig A 32 AAL type analysis Attribute Meaning AAL 1 Constant bit rate channel AAL type 1 service class A AAL 3 4 Data services channel AAL type 3 4 service class C D AAL 5 Channel with simplified protocol for ...

Page 91: ...r Unchecked 0 The analysis ends when the yellow segment disappears or Unchecked 0 and the Cancel button changes to OK 3 4 4 Trouble Scan Detecting and displaying ATM Channels where alarms are present Scan Trouble searches for channels that exhibit an alarm state The instrument detects every alarm indication cell and enters the corresponding channel into the results list There are two results windo...

Page 92: ...nnels detected are entered successively in the corresponding results windows Tip To stop the scan click the icon button again or click Start in the Scan menu again Fig A 34 The ATM Channel Explorer with detected channels A scan can only be started when no other measurements that are started form the Application Manager are in progress or no test traffic is generated from the ATM Test Control VI No...

Page 93: ...e on the User Network Interface or Click the NNI button to measure on the Network Node Interface To sort out the inactive channels The icon button in the toolbar shown above is used to sort out the inactive channels during the scan Click the AGE button to start the aging function All channels that remain inactive over a period of 30 seconds will be deleted This dynamic process gives you a better p...

Page 94: ... are displayed in the result window Each button corresponds to a sort criterion Only one criterion can be selected so clicking one button releases the other toggle function Click the VPI VCI button to list the channels in ascending order of VPI VCI values or Click the BW button to list the channels in ascending order of CuBW Current Bandwidth values The BW Bandwidth sort criterion is not available...

Page 95: ...r Since ATM does not use fixed deterministic bandwidth assignment the individual virtual channels affect each other The characteristics of traffic in one virtual channel and hence the measurement results do not just depend on the source settings they are also dependent on what is happening in other channels The multiplexing method used by the instrument also plays a part here To ensure that adhere...

Page 96: ... g channel D are best used for background loads or for measurements of tolerant traffic contracts A traffic shaper can be activated for each of the four test channels if required The traffic shaper parameters are determined by the requirements of the traffic contract defined for the channel Auxiliary channels such as are used for the signaling do not affect the traffic profile of the test channels...

Page 97: ... The ramp rises until the cell arrival is advanced by the entered value A gap then occurs in the cell arrival times to ensure that the correct mean cell rate is reached The period of the ramp is based on the Peak Cell Rate setting and is calculated by the instrument automatically Fig TB 2 Principles of Constant Bit Rate source model The specified jitter is superimposed on the source before multipl...

Page 98: ...se a variation in the nominal cell arrival times The profile used for this corresponds to an increasing ramp function where the length of the ramp corresponds to the Burst Size The ramp rises until the cell arrival is advanced by the entered value The gap between bursts is increased correspondingly to ensure that the correct mean cell rate is reached Fig TB 3 Principles of On Off source model The ...

Page 99: ...multiplex Users should be aware that ATM multiplex formation makes it unavoidable that a changed setting in one channel e g Channel A see index card a may also affect the other channels i e Channels B C and D This is particularly the case where the physical link is loaded to a high percentage The channel priorities for the multiplex procedure are fixed by two rules whereby rule 1 has precedence ov...

Page 100: ...tion an overview of the status of each channel is given in the Multiplexer field In the Test Setup dialog this information d has the character of a traffic prediction as the generator is not yet active THis makes it possible to set the generator precisely before starting the measurement In the Online Control dialog in contrast this information f reflects the actual status of the channel The follow...

Page 101: ...appens if the overall bandwidth is exceeded or if the traffic contract forces it with traffic shaper switched on The yellow indicator means DC 0 NCC Non Conforming Cells display Percentage of cells that do not conform to the traffic contract referred to the mean cell rate of the channel The yellow indicator means NCC 0 Combined values BW Display of the total generated bit rate in Mbit s This inclu...

Page 102: ...n the time axis until they can be transmitted without violating the traffic contract The cells are always transmitted at the earliest possible moment If traffic shaping takes place it is basically unavoidable that the traffic profile is altered by the shaper The shaper algorithm used is designed to keep changes to the traffic profile as small as possible Activation of the traffic shaper may cause ...

Page 103: ...ng signaling AAL standards are supported ITU T Q 2110 ITU T Q 2130 ITU T Q SAAL 1 ITU T Q SAAL 2 The following address formats are supported Native E 164 NSAP ICD NSAP DCC NSAP E 164 NSAP E 191 Sub addresses are supported 2 2 Interoperability with other instruments The ANT 20 completely fulfills the quoted standards If you make a connection to any other instrument please note the following The set...

Page 104: ...ice under test outside the measurement interval This can be important particularly with timer controlled measurements Generation of test traffic begins on a virtual channel as soon as the connection is switched It ends when the connection is cleared down This assumes that est traffic has been enabled Traffic Enable Test traffic generation can be affected manually Two types of traffic generation ar...

Page 105: ...gs and operating sequence Table TB 4 Settings and operating sequence To ensure that the connection can be switched you should make sure that the measurement in the called instrument is started first After this you should start the calling instrument or trigger the measurement VI Calling instrument Called instrument Switch on instrument and select virtual instruments ATM Test Control ATM Test Resul...

Page 106: ...affic is generated if it has been enabled QoS parameters are measured 4 The measurement is stopped The test channel is cleared down if required the QoS parameters are recorded in the log file Fig TB 8 Displaying of results VI ATM Test Results Signaling traffic SSCOP connection Phase 1 2 3 4 Test channel Test traffic Results display Signaling conditions NCS QoS parameter connecting connected discon...

Page 107: ...oS Parameters option ATM Test Results VI The NCS value is not reset NCS results are always determined over the entire measurement period If a connection is accepted the type of source model and the source parameters for the measurement are determined from the information in the setup message The source is initialized so that the traffic contract is loaded as fully as possible Test traffic generati...

Page 108: ...as soon as a call is received 3 The connection is set up Test traffic is generated if it has been enabled by the user 4 The connection is cleared down The QoS parameters are saved in the log file as required The measurement is stopped An existing connection is cleared down The QoS parameters are saved in the log file as required Phases 2 3 and 4 can be repeated as many times as required during the...

Page 109: ...uration diagram VI ATM Test Control Features Self Call mode is a combination of Calling see Sec 2 4 and Called modes see Sec 2 5 In the forward direction the self call has the characteristic of the calling instrument In the backward direction the instrument behaves like a called instrument Forward Backward ...

Page 110: ...Broadband Analyzer Generator ANT 20 ANT 20E TB 16 Technical Background Notes ...

Page 111: ... can be disabled 1 2 Fill Cells The fill cell type is selectable IDLE or UNASSIGNED cells can be used 1 3 Cell Header UNI NNI Modus selectable1 GFC selectable2 VPI VCI selectable3 CI congestion indicator selectable2 CLP cell loss priority selectable2 HEC formed automatically 1 Set to UNI automatically for SVC 2 Selectable for PVC Set automatically for SVC 0 set 3 Selectable for PVC Set automatical...

Page 112: ...he physical layer alarms These defects can be generated independently of the active measurement type They are referred to the entire cell stream Error type anomaly Single Rate1 Sensor threshold M in N HEC uncor 2 yes 1E 2 to 1E 6 M 1 to 31 N M 1 to M 31 HEC cor 3 yes 1E 2 to 1E 6 M 1 to 31 N M 1 to M 31 1 Mantissa 1 fixed exponent 2 to 6 integer values 2 Uncorrectable header error 3 Correctable he...

Page 113: ... O 191 issue of 9th January 1997 Number of test channels 4 Source models Constant Bit Rate On Off Traffic Shaper1 Single Leaky Bucket Dual Leaky Bucket Maximum total bandwidth of all test channel 366792 cells s2 1 Can be disabled 2 In practice the upper limit is given by the physical mapping Uncorrectable header error HUNC Correctable header error HCOR Cell loss Cell Loss Cell error Cell Error Cel...

Page 114: ... mapping 2 This is the source model jitter The jitter in the actual data stream is the sum of the source model jitter the multiplex jitter and the intrinsic jitter of the generator The intrinsic jitter of the generator is largely determined by the mapping and is hence strongly dependent on the physical cell rate 3 Cell arrival times are reduced over a certain time interval until the set jitter amp...

Page 115: ...l jitter depends on the peak cell rate and the mapping setting Jitter profile periodic ramp standardized on burst size1 Jitter units µs ms Jitter resolution 1 µs 1 Cell arrival times are reduced within the burst so that the set jitter amplitude is achieved Algorithm compatible with single leaky bucket Parameters peak cell rate and CDVTPCR 1 Peak cell rate range 0 to 366792 cells s Peak cell rate u...

Page 116: ... CDVTSCR and CDVTPCR Peak cell rate range 0 to 366792 cells s Peak cell rate units cells s Mbit s kbit s Sustainable cell rate range 0 bis 366792 Cells s Sustainable cell rate units cells s Mbit s kbit s Burst tolerance range 0 to 999 99 ms Burst tolerance units µs ms CDVTPCR range 0 to 16 383 ms CDVTPCR units µs ms CDVTSCR range 0 to 16 383 ms CDVTSCR units µs ms 1 Cell Delay Variation Tolerance ...

Page 117: ...a percentage The percentage is referred to the theoretical maximum bandwidth for the selected mapping setting Anomaly Count Explanation HEC Error Count correctable yes Correctable cell header errors HEC Error Count uncorrectable yes Uncorrectable cell header errors Table S 3 Display of possible anomalies Defect LED Defect Seconds Count 1 Explanation Loss of Cell Delineation Software LEDs for histo...

Page 118: ...lock SECB The Analyzed Cell Count is also indicated 2 3 3 Delay Related Parameters Delay measurements are only possible if the generator cell stream is looped back to the receiver i e when the instrument receives its own cell stream again Number of measurement channels 4 Maximum measurement channel bandwidth 366792 cells s1 Maximum total bandwidth of all test channels 366792 cells s1 1 In practice...

Page 119: ... Software LEDs for history and actual status yes F5 layer VC Alarm Indication Signal VP AIS Software LEDs for history and actual status yes F4 layer VP Alarm Indication Signal VC RDI Software LEDs for history and actual status yes F5 layer VC Remote Defect Indication Signal VP RDI Software LEDs for history and actual status yes F4 layer VP Remote Defect Indication Signal 1 A Defect Second is count...

Page 120: ...r alarms virtual channel UNI and NNI interface types can be selected Maximum number of channels detectable simultaneously 1000 Sort function unsorted1 sorted by VPI VCI sorted by bandwidth Average bandwidth AvBW2 Mbps Current bandwidth CuBW3 Mbps Proportion of cells with Congestion Indicator set CI BW4 Proportion of cells with Cell Loss Priority Bit set CLP1 BW5 Maximum number of simultaneously de...

Page 121: ...cally pie chart The proportion of each AAL type is given as a percentage Maximum number of simultaneously analyzed channels 1000 Different AAL types AAL1 AAL3 4 AAL5 undetected1 unchecked2 1 Undetected means that the AAL type cannot be determined e g an unknown AAL type or a severely errored cell stream 2 Unchecked means that the AAL type for the channel in question was not tested e g because anal...

Page 122: ...ndation Q 2961 ATM Forum recommendation UNI 3 0 ATM Forum recommendation UNI 3 1 Modes Calling Called Self Call Adress formats Native E 164 NSAP ICD NSAP DCC NSAP E 164 NSAP E 191 Signaling channel VPI VCI user definable 1 Only possible if ITU T recommendation Q 2931 protocol is selected Traffic types CBR DBR UBR VBR RT VBR nRT SBR 1 Quality of Service classes 1 2 3 4 Connection type point to poin...

Page 123: ...rol O 1 O 38 A 4 A 5 TB 10 TB 13 TB 15 ATM Test Results O 7 A 4 B Backward O 43 Bi directional asym O 40 Bi directional sym O 40 Bit error measurement O 1 Bit rate O 21 O 34 Burst Size O 36 O 45 Burst Tolerance O 43 C Call address O 21 Called instrument O 25 Called party O 30 Called party address O 35 Calling instrument O 25 Calling party O 30 CBR O 34 O 40 CBR 1 O 43 CDVT peak O 43 CDVT sustained...

Page 124: ...s A 20 Log file O 10 O 30 A 16 Looped topology O 18 O 25 LPAC A 19 M Mapping O 21 Max CTD A 19 Mean Cell Rate O 36 O 45 Mean CTD A 19 Measurement applications A 1 Min CTD A 19 Multiplexer O 37 N Native E 164 O 23 NCS A 19 Network specific address number O 23 NNI O 13 O 20 nrt VBR O 34 NSAP address type O 23 O 24 O Overhead Generator O 21 Own instrument address O 35 P Payload scrambler O 20 A 6 Pea...

Page 125: ...3 SVCs O 25 O 38 Switched Virtual Circuit SVC O 10 O 16 Switched virtual connection O 40 Switched Virtual Connection SVC O 31 Switched virtual connections O 21 T Test channel O 32 Test Online Control O 6 A 13 Test Setup O 4 O 26 TB 8 Test Setup ATM Layer QoS O 32 Test type I 9 O 2 O 4 O 25 A 9 Topology I 10 O 4 A 3 Traffic button A 2 Traffic contract O 38 O 39 O 43 Traffic Enable A 12 Traffic gene...

Page 126: ...Broadband Analyzer Generator ANT 20 ANT 20E iv Notes ...

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