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in the gearbox, which will provide the necessary tractive force on the wheels so as not to shift the gears on the rise. Steep
rises overcome by downshifting the gear in the transfer case and using the first gear in the gearbox. Rises must to be
overcome without stopping and, if possible, without turns. Short rises with a convenient approach and a relatively flat
road surface can be overcome with acceleration without downshifting the gear of the transfer case, using the second or
third gear of the gearbox, depending on the steepness of the rise. If, for any reason, it is impossible to overcome the rise,
then take all precautions and go down slowly, engaging reverse gear. Get down gradually, without letting the vehicle to
accelerate and without disengage the clutch. When overcoming steep descents, provide measures to ensure the safety of
the descent. When overcoming a long descent (more than 50 m), first estimate its steepness and engage those gears in the
gearbox and transfer case, on which the vehicle would have to overcome the rise of such a steepness. Such descents
overcome, using engine braking.
CAUTION! It is forbidden to climb down with the gear off in the gearbox or transfer case or with the clutch
disengaged.
Do not allow a high frequency of rotation of the crankshaft on the descent, slow down periodically the vehicle,
reducing its speed of movement.
Overcome ditches, roadside ditches and trenches
at low speeds with the front axle turned on in the direction
perpendicular to the slope, taking into account the size of the vehicle, determining its permeability. Do not cross obstacles
on the move if you can front hit the wheels.
When overcoming ditches and trenches, consider the possibility of elevating the vehicle obliquely and getting stuck
due to wheel slip.
Driving on dirty country roads and profiled roads on clay and black earth sub-soil.
On clay and black earth
sub-soils, after a heavy rain, a vehicle can get side slippage when driving. Therefore, be very careful when choosing a
drive direction. When driving, choose relatively horizontal sections of the track, if possible, using an already laid rut,
which prevents side drifts of the vehicle. Specific difficulties for driving can occur when driving a vehicle on excessively
wet profiled roads that have a steep profile and deep ditches. On such roads, the movement along the ridge shall be
executed carefully and at low speed.
Overcome marshy
areas in a straight line, without making sharp turns and stops Start moving smoothly, without
jerking. Drive with the front axle engaged and downshift in the transfer case, with the transmission in the gearbox, which
would provide the necessary tractive force on the drive wheels without slipping. Turn smoothly, with a large radius,
without reducing the speed of the vehicle, that eliminates the possibility of disruption of the turf and wheel spin. Avoid
following the track laid by the vehicle in front.
When overcoming sandy areas,
move smoothly, avoiding jerks and stops. Turns smoothly and with a large radius.
When driving, use as high gears as possible while the front axle is on, overcome without a pause piles and short sandy
climbs. Do not allow wheel slipping. Estimate
the traffic situation well in advance and shift to that gear in the gearbox that would provide the necessary tractive force on
the wheels.
Overcome a ford
with great care. The vehicle is able to overcome the ford with a solid ground and depth up to 500
mm at low speed. Before overcoming the ford, carefully check the condition of the bottom, make sure there are no deep
hollows, large stones, bogs, and select and check the vehicle’s water entry and exit points.
Drive through the ford carefully, without creating a wave in front of the vehicle, on the first or second gear in the
gearbox with the front axle engaged and a reduction gear in the transfer case.
Avoid maneuvering and sharp turns.
After overcoming the ford at the earliest opportunity, but no later than the same day, check the condition of the oil in
all units. If water is found in the oil, replace the oil in this unit. The presence of water in the oil is determined by the change
in its color. All chassis grease nozzles shall be lubricated until fresh grease will be visible. At each vehicle exit from the
ford, make several incomplete clutch disengagement and braking to dry the friction clutch linings and brake pad linings.
When vehicle engine stop while overcoming the ford, you can make two or three attempts to start the engine with a
starter. If the engine fails to start, the vehicle shall be immediately evacuated out of the water by any means. In case of
water getting into vehicle units, the vehicle shall not move under own power after being removed from the water. Tow the
vehicle to a place where maintenance can be carried out.
Virgin snow movement
vehicle can move in the snow up to 350 mm in depth. Doing turns of the vehicle in the same
way as when driving on a wetland. When driving on loose snow, apply the same rules of motion as when driving on sand.
Movement in deep grass and in the forest with dense vegetation.
The following is required:
- turn off the engine when stopping the vehicle in tall grass or in a forest with dense vegetation;
- after crossing these areas, drive out and stop on a flat and free surface of the road, check and make sure that there
is no grass and other inflammable material on the parts of the exhaust system. Remove, if necessary.
Chapter 8. TOWING A VEHICLE
Drawn-hooks are provided at the front of the frame for towing the vehicle, and a drawbar is installed at the rear. Tow
vehicle smoothly, without jerks.
When towing, you must strictly comply with the requirements set out in the “Rules of the road.”
In case of brake system or steering malfunction, further driving or towing the vehicle with the use of a flexible towing
