Chapter 6: Glossary
Chapter 6: Glossary
ARP
(
Address Resolution Protocol )
ARP
is a TCP/IP protocol for mapping an IP address to a physical machine address that is
recognized in the local network, such as an Ethernet address.
A host wishing to obtain a physical address broadcasts an ARP request onto the TCP/IP
network. The host on the network that has the IP address in the request then replies with
its physical hardware address.
Inverse ARP (In-ARP), on the other hand, is used by a host to discover its IP address. In
this case, the host broadcasts its physical address and a RARP server replies with the host's
IP address.
DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol)
When operates as a DHCP server, the ADSL Router assign IP addresses to the client PCs on
the LAN. The client PCs “leases” these Private IP addresses for a user-defined amount of
time. After the lease time expires, the private IP address is made available for assigning to
other network devices.
The DHCP IP address can be a single, fixed public IP address, an ISP assigned public IP
address, or a private IP address.
If you enable DHCP server on a private IP address, a public IP address will have to be
assigned to the NAT IP address, and NAT has to be enabled so that the DHCP IP address
can be translated into a public IP address. By this, the client PCs are able to access the
Internet.
LAN (Local Area Network) & WAN (Wide Area Network)
A LAN is a computer network limited to the immediate area, usually the same building or
floor of a building. A WAN, on the other hand, is an outside connection to another network
or the Internet.
The Ethernet side of the ADSL Router is called the LAN port. It is a twisted-pair Ethernet
10Base-T interface. A hub can be connected to the LAN port. More than one computers,
such as server or printer, can be connected through this hub to the ADSL Router and
composes a LAN.
The DSL port of the ADSL Router composes the WAN interface, which supports PPP or RFC
1483 connecting to another remote DSL device.
NAT (Network Address Translation) IP Address
NAT is an Internet standard that translates a private IP within one network to a public IP
address, either a static or dynamic one. NAT provides a type of firewall by hiding internal IP
addresses. It also enables a company to use more internal IP addresses.
If the IP addresses given by your ISP are not enough for each PC on the LAN and the ADSL
Router, you need to use NAT. With NAT, you make up a private IP network for the LAN and
assign an IP address from that network to each PC. One of some public addresses is
