Section 09
ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
Subsection 03
(CHARGING SYSTEM)
SMR2000-061_09_03A.FM
09-03-7
Charging a Used Battery
For best results, battery should be charged when
the electrolyte and the plates are at room temper-
ature. A battery that is cold may not accept current
for several hours after charging begun.
Do not charge a frozen battery. If the battery charge
is very low, the battery may freeze. If it is suspected
to be frozen, keep it in a heated area for about 2 hours
before charging.
The time required to charge a battery will vary de-
pending on some factors such as:
– Battery temperature: The charging time is in-
creased as the temperature goes down. The
current accepted by a cold battery will remain
low. As the battery warms up, it will accept a
higher rate of charge.
– State of charge: Because the electrolyte is near-
ly pure water in a completely discharged bat-
tery, it cannot accept current as well as electro-
lyte. This is the reason the battery will not
accept current when the charging cycle first be-
gins. As the battery remains on the charger, the
current from the charger causes the electrolytic
acid content to rise which makes the electrolyte
a better conductor and then, the battery will ac-
cept a higher charging rate.
– Type of charger: Battery chargers vary in the
amount of voltage and current that they can
supply. Therefore, the time required for the bat-
tery to begin accepting measurable current will
also vary.
Charging a Very Flat or Completely Discharged
Battery
The battery charger should have an adjustable
charging rate. Variable adjustment is preferred,
but a unit which can be adjusted in small incre-
ments is acceptable.
The battery charger must be equipped with an am-
meter capable of accurately measuring current of
less than 1 ampere.
Unless this procedure is properly followed, a good
battery may be needlessly replaced.
– Measure the voltage at the battery posts with
an accurate voltmeter. If it is below 10 volts, the
battery will accept current at very low rate, in
term of milliamperes, because electrolyte is
nearly pure water as explained above. It could
be some time before the charging rate increas-
es. Such low current flow may not be detect-
able on some charger ammeters and the bat-
tery will seem not to accept any charge.
– Exceptionally for this particular case, set the
charger to a high rate.
NOTE:
Some chargers have a polarity protection
feature which prevents charging unless the charger
leads are connected to the correct battery terminals.
A completely discharged battery may not have
enough voltage to activate this circuitry, even though
the leads are connected properly. This will make it
appear that the battery will not accept a charge. Fol-
low the charger manufacturer’s instruction on how
to bypass or override this circuitry so that the charger
will turn on and charge a low-voltage battery.
– Since the battery chargers vary in the amount
of voltage and current they provide, the time
required for the battery to accept measurable
charger current might be up to approximately
10 hours or more.
– If the charging current is not up to a measurable
amount at the end of about 10 hours, the bat-
tery should be replaced.
– If the charging current is measurable before the
end or at the end of about 10 hours, the battery
is good and charging should be completed in
the normal manner as specified in
Activation of
a new battery
.
– It is recommended that any battery recharged
by this procedure be load tested prior to return-
ing it to service.
WARNING
Never charge battery while installed in water-
craft.
WARNING
Always charge battery in a well ventilated area.
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