Parker Hannifin
Suppose you have 6 computers in a class C network. All share
the same network address 192.168.10. in the first three octets. The
final octet for each computer is different, and represents the
host ID.
Some addresses are reserved for private networks or intranets,
where networks are masked or protected from the Internet:
10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255
172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255
192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255
For additional information on private IP addresses, refer to IEEE
specification RFC 1918 Address Allocation for Private Internets.
You can view it at
http://www.faqs.org/rfcs/rfc1918.html
Subnets
As networks increase in size, it becomes more complex to deliver
information. Subnets provide a logical way to break apart
network addresses into smaller, more manageable groups. There
are additional benefits including more efficient communications
between devices, and increases to the overall network capacity.
Subnet IDs
When sending data from one host to another, routers use the
network ID (see above) in the IP address to locate the network.
On finding the network, the network is searched for the specific
host. With a great deal of network traffic this proves
cumbersome. Under these circumstances, an IP address does not
provide enough information for routers and host devices to
efficiently locate a host device.
Appendix 169
