Nikon Scanners, Software Reference Manual

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Glossary of Computer Imaging Terms
A/D Conversion analog to digital signal conversion.
absolute address the x and y pixel coordinates in a pixel map using global coordinates
in a locally cropped area of a larger image.
analog gamma function a non-linear function used in analog signal processing.
aspect ratio the ratio of width to height in an image.
analog signals these electrical signals represent or are “analogous” to real world
events such as a sound or pattern of light. An “analog” is a simile or
representation of something else.
ASCII a coding system used to represent characters using binary storage.
aband sequential color pixels stored in separate planes in the same file, or as separate
files. Sometimes called planar, screen, or field sequential.
binary a number system which uses a base of two. Used for the majority of
computing systems, since electrical logic circuits are easily constructed
with a small positive (+) voltage to signify On, or True, and a nega-
tive (-) or 0 voltage used to represent Off or False.
bit A binary digit representing 0 or 1, true or false, plus or minus.
binary images these are high contrast, bit-mapped images, used to represent line art
and typography.
byte sequential color stored in triplet pixels for RGB, HSV, etc., or quadruplet pixels
for RGBÅ, YMCK, etc.
buffer capacity the available space to store information in any system. “Buffer” usual-
ly refers to intermediate storage for processes that would otherwise
bottleneck a system.
Software Reference for Scanners Page 181
Glossary of Computer Imaging Terms