Ɉɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɟ
A
ɞ
ɨ
ɥɠ
ɧɨ
ɛ
ɵɬɶ
ɜɫɟɝ
ɞ
ɚ
ɫɜɨ
ɛ
ɨ
ɞ
ɧɵɦ
.
ɍ
ɛ
ɟ
ɞ
ɢɬɟɫɶ
ɜ
ɬɨɦ
,
ɱɬɨ
ɛ
ɵ
ɨɧɨ
ɧɟ
ɛ
ɵ
ɥ
ɨ
ɩɪɟɝɪɚ
ɠɞ
ɟɧɨ
,
ɤ
ɚ
ɤ
ɢɡɧ
ɭ
ɬɪɢ
,
ɬɚ
ɤ
ɢ
ɫɧɚɪ
ɭɠ
ɢ
.
Ɋɟ
ɤ
ɨɦɟɧ
ɞɭ
ɟɬɫɹ
ɜɵɩɨ
ɥ
ɧɢɬɶ
ɞ
ɚɧɧɨɟ
ɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɟ
ɛɥ
ɢɡ
ɤ
ɨ
ɤ
ɭ
ɪɨɜɧ
ɸ
ɩɨ
ɥ
ɚ
,
ɧɚ
ɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɩɨ
ɥ
ɨ
ɠ
ɧɨ
ɣ
ɫɬɨɪɨɧɟ
ɩɪɢ
ɛ
ɨɪɚ
ɩɨ
ɜɵɜɨ
ɞɭ
ɩɪɨ
ɞɭɤ
ɬɨɜ
ɝɨɪɟɧɢɹ
.
ȿɫ
ɥ
ɢ
ɧɟɬ
ɜɨɡɦɨ
ɠ
ɧɨɫɬɢ
ɜɵɩɨ
ɥ
ɧɢɬɶ
ɞ
ɚɧɧɨɟ
ɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɟ
ɜ
ɩɨɦɟ
ɳ
ɟɧɢɢ
,
ɬɨ
ɩɪɢɬɨ
ɤ
ɜɨɡ
ɞɭ
ɯɚ
ɞ
ɨ
ɥɠ
ɟɧ
ɨ
ɛ
ɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɬɶɫɹ
ɢɡ
ɩɪɢ
ɥ
ɟɝɚ
ɸɳ
ɟɝɨ
ɜɟɧɬɢ
ɥ
ɢɪ
ɭ
ɟɦɨɝɨ
ɩɨɦɟ
ɳ
ɟɧɢɹ
,
ɡɚ
ɢɫ
ɤɥɸ
ɱɟɧɢɟɦ
ɫɩɚ
ɥ
ɶɧɨ
ɣ
ɤ
ɨɦɧɚɬɵ
,
ɥ
ɢ
ɛ
ɨ
ɩɨɦɟ
ɳ
ɟɧɢɹ
ɫ
ɧɢɡ
ɤ
ɢɦ
ɞ
ɚɜ
ɥ
ɟɧɢɟɦ
,
ɥ
ɢ
ɛ
ɨ
ɥɸɛ
ɨɝɨ
ɢɧɨɝɨ
ɨɩɚɫɧɨɝɨ
ɩɨɦɟ
ɳ
ɟɧɢɹ
.
ȼɵɯɨ
ɞ
ɩɪɨ
ɞɭɤ
ɬɨɜ
ɝɨɪɟɧɢɹ
ɉɪɨ
ɞɭɤ
ɬɵ
ɝɨɪɟɧɢɹ
,
ɜɵɪɚ
ɛ
ɚɬɵɜɚɟɦɵɟ
ɝɚɡɨɜɵɦɢ
ɩɪɢ
ɛ
ɨɪɚɦɢ
,
ɞ
ɨ
ɥɠ
ɧɵ
ɜɵɜɨ
ɞ
ɢɬɶɫɹ
ɧɚɪ
ɭɠɭ
ɩɨɫɪɟ
ɞ
ɫɬɜɨɦ
ɜɵɬɹ
ɠɤ
ɢ
(C),
ɩɨ
ɤɥɸ
ɱɟɧɧɨ
ɣ
ɤ
ɜɵɜɨ
ɞ
ɧɨɦ
ɭ
ɤ
ɚɧɚ
ɥɭ
,
ɥ
ɢ
ɛ
ɨ
ɧɚɩɪɹɦ
ɭɸ
ɧɚɪ
ɭɠɭ
.
ɋɦ
.
ɪɢɫ
. 4
ɜɵ
ɲ
ɟ
.
ȼ
ɫ
ɥɭ
ɱɚɟ
,
ɟɫ
ɥ
ɢ
ɧɟɜɨɡɦɨ
ɠ
ɧɨ
ɭ
ɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɶ
ɜɵɬɹ
ɠɤɭ
,
ɧɟɨ
ɛ
ɯɨ
ɞ
ɢɦɨ
ɭ
ɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɶ
ɷ
ɥ
ɟ
ɤ
ɬɪɢɱɟɫ
ɤ
ɢ
ɣ
ɜɟɧɬɢ
ɥ
ɹɬɨɪ
(E),
ɤ
ɬɨɪɵ
ɣ
ɧɟɨ
ɛ
ɯɨ
ɞ
ɢɦɨ
ɪɚɫɩɨ
ɥ
ɨ
ɠ
ɢɬɶ
ɧɚ
ɜɧɟ
ɲ
ɧɟ
ɣ
ɫɬɟɧɟ
ɩɨɦɟ
ɳ
ɟɧɢɹ
,
ɥ
ɢ
ɛ
ɨ
ɧɚ
ɨ
ɤ
ɧɟ
.
ɋɦ
.
ɪɢɫ
. 4
ɜɵ
ɲ
ɟ
.
Ⱦɚɧɧɵ
ɣ
ɷ
ɥ
ɟ
ɤ
ɬɪɢɱɟɫ
ɤ
ɢ
ɣ
ɜɟɧɬɢ
ɥ
ɹɬɨɪ
ɞ
ɨ
ɥɠ
ɟɧ
ɢɦɟɬɶ
ɞ
ɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧ
ɭɸ
ɦɨ
ɳ
ɧɨɫɬɶ
,
ɱɬɨ
ɛ
ɵ
ɜ
ɬɟɱɟɧɢɟ
ɤ
ɚ
ɠɞ
ɨɝɨ
ɱɚɫɚ
ɨɧ
ɦɨɝ
ɨ
ɛ
ɟɫɩɟɱɢɬɶ
ɫɦɟɧ
ɭ
ɤ
ɨ
ɥ
ɢɱɟɫɬɜɚ
ɜɨɡ
ɞɭ
ɯɚ
,
ɩɪɟɜɵ
ɲ
ɚ
ɸɳ
ɟɝɨ
ɜ
3-5
ɪɚɡ
ɨ
ɛɴ
ɟɦ
ɜɨɡ
ɞɭ
ɯɚ
ɜ
ɩɨɦɟ
ɳ
ɟɧɢɢ
.
3.
ɉɈȾɄɅɘɑȿ
ɇ
ɂȿ
Ʉ
ɋȿɌɂ
ɗɅȿɄɌɊɈɉɂɌȺ
ɇ
ɂə
ɉɪɟ
ɠɞ
ɟ
ɱɟɦ
ɩɪɢɫɬ
ɭ
ɩɢɬɶ
ɤ
ɩɨ
ɞɤɥɸ
ɱɟɧɢ
ɸ
ɩɪɢ
ɛ
ɨɪɚ
ɤ
ɫɟɬɢ
ɷ
ɥ
ɟ
ɤ
ɬɪɨɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ
,
ɩɪɨɜɟɪɶɬɟ
,
ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜ
ɭ
ɟɬ
ɥ
ɢ
ɧɚɩɪɹ
ɠ
ɟɧɢɟ
ɢ
ɱɚɫɬɨ
ɤ
ɚ
ɬɨ
ɤ
ɚ
ɭɤ
ɚɡɚɧɧɵɦ
ɜ
ɞ
ɚɧɧɨ
ɣ
ɡɚɜɨ
ɞ
ɫ
ɤ
ɨ
ɣ
ɬɚ
ɛɥ
ɢɱ
ɤ
ɟ
,
ɚ
ɬɚ
ɤɠ
ɟ
ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜ
ɭ
ɟɬ
ɥ
ɢ
ɷ
ɥ
ɟ
ɤ
ɬɪɨɩɪɨɜɨ
ɞ
ɦɨ
ɳ
ɧɨɫɬɢ
ɩɪɢ
ɛ
ɨɪɚ
,
ɭɤ
ɚɡɚɧɧɨ
ɣ
ɜ
ɡɚɜɨ
ɞ
ɫ
ɤ
ɨ
ɣ
ɬɚ
ɛɥ
ɢɱ
ɤ
ɟ
ɫ
ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫ
ɤ
ɢɦɢ
ɞ
ɚɧɧɵɦɢ
.
ɋɨɟ
ɞ
ɧɢɟɧɢɟ
ɤ
ɚ
ɛ
ɟ
ɥ
ɹ
ɷ
ɥ
ɟ
ɤ
ɬɪɨɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ
ɄɈɊɂɑ
ɇ
ȿȼɕɃ
- (L)
ɋɂ
ɇ
ɂɃ
- (N)
ɀȿɅɌɈ
-
ɁȿɅȿ
ɇ
ɕɃ
–
ɁȺɁȿɆɅȿ
ɇ
ɂȿ
(
Ũ
)
Ɋɢɫ
. 5.
1.
Ɉɬ
ɤ
ɪɨ
ɣ
ɬɟ
ɤɥ
ɟɦɦɧ
ɭɸ
ɤ
ɨɪɨ
ɛɤɭ
ɩɪɢ
ɩɨɦɨ
ɳ
ɢ
ɨɬɜɟɪɬ
ɤ
ɢ
,
ɩɨɦɟɫɬɢɜ
ɟɟ
ɩɨ
ɞ
ɛ
ɨ
ɤ
ɨɜɵɦɢ
ɲ
ɩɨɧ
ɤ
ɚɦɢ
ɧɚ
ɤ
ɪɵ
ɲɤ
ɟ
,
ɩɨɬɹɧɢɬɟ
ɢ
ɨɬ
ɤ
ɪɨ
ɣ
ɬɟ
ɤ
ɪɵ
ɲɤɭ
.
2.
ɍɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɟ
ɤ
ɚ
ɛ
ɟ
ɥ
ɶ
,
ɨɬ
ɤ
ɪ
ɭ
ɬɢɬɟ
ɲɭ
ɪ
ɭ
ɩ
ɤ
ɚ
ɛ
ɟ
ɥ
ɶɧɨɝɨ
ɡɚ
ɠ
ɢɦɚ
,
ɢ
ɬɪɢ
ɲɭ
ɪ
ɭ
ɩɚ
ɤ
ɨɧɬɚ
ɤ
ɬɨɜ
L- N-
Ũ
,
ɢ
ɡɚɬɟɦ
ɡɚɮɢ
ɤ
ɫɢɪ
ɭɣ
ɬɟ
ɩɪɨɜɨ
ɞ
ɚ
ɩɨ
ɞ
ɲɥ
ɹɩ
ɤ
ɚɦɢ
ɲɭ
ɪ
ɭ
ɩɨɜ
,
ɜ
ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ
ɫ
ɰɜɟɬɚɦɢ
.
3.
ɉɨɦɟɫɬɢɬɟ
ɤ
ɚ
ɛ
ɟ
ɥ
ɶ
ɜ
ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜ
ɭɸɳ
ɟɟ
ɨɬɜɟɪɫɬɢɟ
.
4.
Ɂɚ
ɤ
ɪɨ
ɣ
ɬɟ
ɤ
ɪɵ
ɲɤɭ
ɤɥ
ɟɦɦɧɨ
ɣ
ɤ
ɨɪɨ
ɛɤ
ɢ
.
ɋɦ
.
ɪɢɫ
. 5
ɜɵ
ɲ
ɟ
.
ȼɧɢɦɚɧɢɟ
:
ɧɚ
ɥ
ɢɱɢɟ
ɡɚɡɟɦ
ɥ
ɟɧɢɹ
ɨ
ɛ
ɹɡɚɬɟ
ɥ
ɶɧɨ
ɩɨ
ɡɚ
ɤ
ɨɧ
ɭ
.
ɉɨ
ɞɤɥɸ
ɱɟɧɢɟ
ɷ
ɥ
ɟ
ɤ
ɬɪɨɩɪɨɜɨ
ɞ
ɚ
ɤ
ɫɟɬɢ
ɷ
ɥ
ɟ
ɤ
ɬɪɨɩɢɬɚɧɢɹ
7
