Keysight N8972A Performance Verification And Calibration Manual Download | Manualshive

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Technical Specifications

Specifications apply over 0° C to +55° C unless otherwise stated. The
Noise Figure Analyzer meets specification after 2 hours storage within
the operating temperature range, 1 hour after the analyzer is turned on
with ALIGNMENT running.

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Summary of Contents for N8972A

Page 1: ...Noise Figure Analyzers NFA Series Performance Verification and Calibration Guide Manufacturing Part Number N8972 90083 January 2019 Supersedes December 2001 Copyright 2001 2019 Keysight Technologies ...

Page 2: ... with the symbols and their meaning before operating this instrument WARNING Warning denotes a hazard It calls attention to a procedure which if not correctly performed or adhered to could result in injury or loss of life Do not proceed beyond a warning note until the indicated conditions are fully understood and met CAUTION Caution denotes a hazard It calls attention to a procedure that if not co...

Page 3: ... removal of covers and shields are for use by service trained personnel only DO NOT service or adjust alone Under certain conditions dangerous voltages may exist even with the equipment switched off To avoid dangerous electrical shock service personnel must not attempt internal service or adjustment unless another person capable of rendering first aid and resuscitation is present DO NOT operate da...

Page 4: ...on are intact only Safety Symbols The following symbols on the instrument and in the manual indicate precautions which must be taken to maintain safe operation of the instrument The Instruction Documentation Symbol The product is marked with this symbol when it is necessary for the user to refer to the instructions in the supplied documentation This symbol indicates that the input power required i...

Page 5: ... all relevant European Legal Directives The C Tick mark is a registered trademark of the Australian Communications Authority This signifies compliance with the Australian EMC Framework Regulations under the terms of the Radio communications Act of 1992 ISM 1 A This is a symbol of an Industrial Scientific and Medical Group 1 Class A product ICES NMB 001 This ISM device complies with Canadian ICES 0...

Page 6: ...chnologies from another country Agilent Technologies warrants that its software and firmware designated by Agilent Technologies for use with an instrument will execute its programming instructions when properly installed on that instrument Agilent Technologies does not warrant that the operation of the instrument or software or firmware will be uninterrupted or error free LIMITATION OF WARRANTY Th...

Page 7: ...rmware upgrades and application information please visit the following Internet URL http www agilent com find nf Lifting and Carrying Use the handle for lifting or carrying the unit Before attempting to lift or carry the instrument consider the following basic lifting techniques to help avoid personal injury Using one arm to lift instrument BRACE your body with the opposite arm if possible Reach f...

Page 8: ...tion of Conformities on page ix page x page xi page xii Radio Frequency Electromagnetic Field Immunity When a 3 Vm 1 radio frequency electromagnetic field is applied to the Noise Figure Analyzer according to IEC 61000 4 3 1995 degradation of performance may be observed When the frequency of the incident field matches the frequency of a measured noise figure or gain the values displayed will deviat...

Page 9: ...ix Declaration of Conformity N8972A ...

Page 10: ...x Declaration of Conformity N8973A ...

Page 11: ...xi Declaration of Conformity N8974A ...

Page 12: ...xii Declaration of Conformity N8975A ...

Page 13: ...Test Descriptions 10 MHz Out Frequency Reference Accuracy 12 Test Description 12 Test Specification 12 Related Adjustment 12 Required Test Equipment 13 Test Setup 13 Test Procedure 14 10 MHz Out Frequency Reference Adjustment 18 Test Description 18 Required Test Equipment 18 Test Setup 19 Test Procedure 19 Input VSWR 22 Test Description 22 VSWR Test Specification 24 Related Adjustments 24 Required...

Page 14: ...ated Adjustment 52 Required Test Equipment 52 Test Setup 53 Test Procedure 53 Noise Figure Range and Accuracy 55 Test Description 55 Test Specification 55 Related Adjustment 56 Required Test Equipment 56 Test Setup 57 Test Procedure 57 Gain Measurement Uncertainty 64 Test Description 64 Test Specification 65 Related Adjustment 65 Required Test Equipment 66 Test Setup 66 Test Procedure 67 Instrumen...

Page 15: ...djustment 83 Required Test Equipment 84 Test Setup 84 Test Procedure 85 3 Technical Specifications Frequency 90 Noise Figure and Gain 92 RF Input 96 Measurement 98 Display 100 Display units 100 Connectivity 101 General 101 Noise Source Drive Output 101 General Specifications 102 A Model N8972A Test Records 10MHz Out Frequency Reference Accuracy Test Record 106 Input VSWR Test Record 107 ...

Page 16: ...Model N8973A Test Records 10MHz Out Frequency Reference Accuracy Test Record 118 Input VSWR Test Record 119 Frequency Accuracy Test Record 120 Noise Source Supply Accuracy Test Record 121 Noise Figure Range and Accuracy Test Record 122 Results 4 5 6 5dB Noise Source ENR 122 Results 14 17dB Noise Source ENR 123 Results 20 22dB Noise Source ENR 124 Gain Measurement Uncertainty Test Record 125 Instru...

Page 17: ...rd 139 D Model N8975A Test Records 10MHz Out Frequency Reference Accuracy Test Record 142 Input VSWR Test Record 143 Frequency Accuracy Test Record 144 Noise Source Supply Accuracy Test Record 146 Noise Figure Range and Accuracy Test Record 147 Results 4 5 6 5dB Noise Source ENR 147 Results 14 17dB Noise Source ENR 148 Results 20 22dB Noise Source ENR 149 Gain Measurement Uncertainty Test Record 1...

Page 18: ...s 164 Mechanical Inspection Connector Gages 165 Mechanical Specifications 166 Precision 7mm Connectors 166 Sexed Connectors 167 50 Ohm Type N Connectors 167 75 Ohm Type N Connectors 168 Using Connector Gages 169 Inspecting and Cleaning the Gage 169 Zeroing the Gage 169 Making Connections 172 Align Connectors Carefully 172 To Make a Preliminary Connection 173 Final Connection Using a Torque Wrench ...

Page 19: ...Contents xix ...

Page 20: ...xx Contents ...

Page 21: ...1 1 Preparing for Calibration and Performance Verification Test This chapter covers preparation and equipment required for doing the calibration and performance verification tests ...

Page 22: ...fications NOTE You do not need to access the interior of the instrument to perform the tests If for any reason the unit measures out of specification then adjustment procedures are supplied where applicable The Noise Figure Analyzers must be able to reach thermal equilibrium in accordance with the temperature stability specifications before performing any tests or adjustments NOTE System performan...

Page 23: ...alyzer requires periodic verification of operational performance Under normal use and environmental conditions the instrument should be calibrated at 12 month intervals The tables on the following pages list the tests required to perform the annual calibration thus periodically verifying the instruments performance ...

Page 24: ...f the tests and make a copy of the relevant test records for the model you are testing provided in Appendices A through D CAUTION Ensure that the recommended torque settings detailed in Table 1 3 are adhered to at all times CAUTION Ensure that a valid ENR measurement table has been loaded from the C or A drive before carrying out any performance test The analyzer will not perform a measurement wit...

Page 25: ...following the tests Each test result is identified as a TR test record entry in the performance tests and in Appendix pertaining to the model you are testing We recommend that you make a copy of the performance verification test record record the test results on the copy and keep the copy for your calibration test record This record could prove valuable in tracking gradual changes in test results ...

Page 26: ...E Substitution is not permitted when using the automated performance verification and adjustment software Table 1 1 Recommended Test Equipment Equipment description Critical specification for equipment substitution Recommended model Universal Counter Time Interval Range 25 ms to 100 ms Single Operation Range 2 5 to 2 5 Vdc 53132A Frequency Standard Frequency 10 MHz Timebase Accuracy 1 x 10 10 day ...

Page 27: ...00 V range 3458A Attenuator Switch Driver Compatible with 8494G H Programmable step attenuators 11713A 1 dB Step Attenuator Attenuation Range 0 to 11 dB Frequency Range 50 MHz Connectors 3 5 mm F Calibrated at 50 MHz with accuracy of 0 010 dB 8494G H Option 2 Noise Source Frequency Range 10 MHz to 6 7 GHz Typical ENR 4 5 6 5 dB Connection 3 5 mm M or Type N 346A Std or Option 001 Noise Source Freq...

Page 28: ...E Microwave Cable 2 2 4 mm M to 2 4 mm M 81 cm 32 in Frequency band 3 GHz to 26 5 GHz 85133C Adapter 50 Type N F to 7 mm included in 85032B Type N Calibration Kit 85054 60001 Adapter 50 Type N F to 3 5 mm Precision F 1250 1745 Adapter 2 4 mm M to 3 5 mm Precision F 11901C Adapter N8972A N8973A Type N M to 3 5 mm F OR N8974A N8975A 3 5 mm Precision F to 3 5 mm F 1250 1744 1250 1749 or 83059A Adapte...

Page 29: ... Precision 3 5mm 8 lb in 90 N cm SMA 5 lb in 56 N cm Use the SMA wrench to connect male SMA connectors to female precision 3 5min connectors Connections of male precision 3 5mm connectors to female SMA connectors can be made with the precision 3 5mm torque wrench 8 lb in Type N Type N connectors may be connected finger tight If a torque wrench is used 12 lb in 136 N cm is recommended ...

Page 30: ...ocedure is available the instrument must be returned to Agilent Technologies for repair Please contact your local Agilent Technologies Customer Sales and Service Office for replacement parts or repair service information See the NFA User s Guide for the address of your nearest office Table 1 4 Verification and adjustment listings Test no Performance Verification Test Calibration Adjustments 1 10 M...

Page 31: ...11 2 Test Descriptions This chapter descibes each test required for calibration and performance verification ...

Page 32: ...ted to the frequency counter s Channel A input A cesium beam frequency standard or some other 10 MHz house standard provides the frequency reference for the frequency counter The timebase to be set is measured by changing the setting of the digital to analog converter DAC which controls the frequency of the timebase The frequency difference over the range of DAC settings is calculated and compared...

Page 33: ...ment as shown in Figure 2 1 Figure 2 1 10 MHz Out Frequency Reference Accuracy Test Setup Table 2 1 10 MHz Out Frequency Reference Accuracy Test Equipment Equipment description Critical specification for equipment substitution Recommended model Universal Counter Time Interval Range 25ms to 100ms Single Operation Range 2 5 to 2 5Vdc 53132A Frequency Standard Frequency 10 MHz Timebase Accuracy Aging...

Page 34: ...al reference mode disconnect the external reference from the 10 MHz Ref Input Step 2 Ensure that the NFA s preset condition is set to its factory settings Press the System key the More menu item then set the Power On Preset menu item to Power On Preset and Preset to Preset Factory Step 3 Preset the NFA by pressing the Preset key Wait for the routine to finish Step 4 Set the Universal Counter contr...

Page 35: ...ontrol menu item by 1 The value displayed in the Fine menu item is now 1 more than the initial value Step 7 When the frequency counter reading has stabilized record reading in the Worksheet as Counter Reading 2 with 0 1 Hz resolution Step 8 Decrease the NFA s fine DAC control by 1 step to return to its initial value detailed in step 6 then again decrease the NFA s fine DAC control by 1 step Step 9...

Page 36: ... the result as the settability in the Worksheet Step 15 Ensure that the calculated measurement figure given in the Worksheet is within the published specification of 5 Hz 0 1 Hz for Option 1D5 Step 16 Once verified that the value is within specifications Counter Reading 1 with 0 1 Hz resolution is then taken as the actual frequency reference of the Noise Frequency Analyzer and this reading is reco...

Page 37: ..._____________Hz Counter Reading 2 Reading ________________Hz Counter Reading 3 Reading ________________Hz Positive Frequency Change Counter Reading 2 Counter Reading 1 ________________Hz Negative Frequency Change Counter Reading 1 Counter Reading 3 ________________Hz Maximum Frequency Change Highest Positive or Negative Value ________________Hz Settability Maximum frequency Change 2 ______________...

Page 38: ...e adjusted and saved the 10 MHz Reference Accuracy Test is re run to verify the unit meets it s published specification Required Test Equipment The frequency standard provides the reference for the Universal Counter You can use a company specific standard in place of the 5071A provided it meets the critical specifications listed in Table 2 3 Table 2 3 10 MHz Out Frequency Reference Adjustment Test...

Page 39: ...djustment Test Setup Test Procedure NOTE Before performing any adjustments ensure that the 10 MHz Frequency Reference Accuracy test has been done and that the measured frequency is outside the published specification NOTE The NFA must be on and in internal frequency mode for at least 1 hour before you start the test NOISE FIGURE ANALYZER FREQUENCY STANDARD UNIVERSAL COUNTER BNC Cable 10 MHz Ref Ou...

Page 40: ...n approximate 12 Hz adjustment Therefore if the original settings were for example Coarse 127 and Fine 136 then the new settings after adjustment are Coarse 126 Fine 131 NOTE A negative error value decrements while a positive error value increments Step 3 Access the Service menus Time Base sub menu and press the System key Then press the More More and Service menu keys Enter the service password 2...

Page 41: ...ted value is within the published specification Repeat the adjustment procedure until the correct value is obtained Step 5 Press Save from the Time Base sub menu to ensure that the values are stored in memory NOTE It is recommended that you preset the NFA and repeat the 10 MHz Frequency Reference Accuracy Test see page 12 to verify the adjusted DAC settings ...

Page 42: ...etwork Analyzer however the conversion below can be used if measuring return loss VSWR or voltage standing wave ratio can be calculated from the reflection coefficient using the following equation Equation 2 1 Table 2 5 VSWR Frequency Test Bands N8972A N8973A N8974A N8975A PART 1 CAL VNA 10 MHz 1 5 OR 3 0 GHz PART 2 TEST VSWR 10 MHz 500 MHz PART 3 TEST VSWR 500 MHz 1000 MHz PART 4 TEST VSWR 1000 M...

Page 43: ... a single VSWR swept measurement at a single fixed frequency point over its entire operating range as the NFA automatically switches at approximately 500 MHz and 3000 MHz dependant on the fixed frequency setting PART 5 TEST VSWR 1500 MHz 3000 MHz PART 6 CAL VNA 3 0 GHz 6 7 OR 26 5 GHz PART 7 TEST VSWR 3 0 GHz 6 7 GHz PART 8 TEST VSWR 6 7 GHz 20 0 GHz PART 9 TEST VSWR 20 0 GHz 26 5 GHz Table 2 5 VS...

Page 44: ...8 1 3000 MHz to 6700 MHz N A N A 1 3 1 1 3 1 6700 MHz to 20000 MHz N A N A N A 2 1 1 20000 MHz to 26500 MHz N A N A N A 2 4 1 Table 2 6 Test Equipment required for Input VSWR test Equipment description Critical specification for equipment substitution Recommended model Vector Network Analyzer 1 10 MHz to 3 GHz 8753ES or 8753ET Option 004a Vector Network Analyzer 2 3 GHz to 26 5 GHz 8722ES or 8722E...

Page 45: ...on F 1250 1745 Adaptor 2 4 mm M to 3 5 mm Precision F 11901C UWave Cable 2 4 mm M to 2 4 mm M 81 cm 32 in Frequency band 3 GHz to 26 5 GHz 85133C a Option 004 is only required for the ET models b Option 004 is only required for the ET models c Part 1 of this procedure lists hard and soft keys for the 8753ET Other network analyzers such as the 8753D or E may have different hard and soft key labelli...

Page 46: ...t VSWR test requires the following stages 1 Calibrating the Vector Network Analyzer 1 from 10 MHz to 1 5 GHz or 3 GHz 2 Measuring VSWR from 10 MHz to 500 MHz 3 Measuring VSWR from 500 MHz to 1000 MHz 4 Measuring VSWR from 1000 MHz to 1500 MHz 5 Measuring VSWR from 1500 MHz to 3000 MHz 6 Calibrating the Vector Network Analyzer 2 from 3 GHz to 6 7 GHz or 26 5 GHz 7 Measuring VSWR from 3000 MHz to 67...

Page 47: ... For the N8972A model frequency range 10 MHz to 1 5 GHz press Start 1 0 M µ then Stop 1 5 G n For the N8973 4 5A models frequency range 10 MHz to 3 0 GHz press Start 1 0 M µ then Stop 3 0 G n Step 5 Set the measurement format to SWR press the Format key and SWR Step 6 Set the number of measurement points to 401 points press the Sweep Setup key and NUMBER of POINTS 4 0 1 x1 Step 7 Set the power lev...

Page 48: ...ort Step 11 Connect the Open to the test port or if fitted the adapter and perform the open calibration press Opens and then select the relevant menu key Step 12 Connect the Short to the test port or if fitted the adapter and perform the open calibration press Shorts and then select the relevant menu key Step 13 Connect the Load to the test port or if fitted the adapter and perform the open calibr...

Page 49: ...press the Sweep key and Sweep Mode Single Step 6 Set the frequency mode to fixed press the Frequency Points key and Freq Mode Fixed Step 7 Set the fixed frequency to 250 MHz press the Frequency Points key and Fixed Freq 2 5 0 MHz Step 8 Restart the measurement sweep on the DUT press the Restart key Step 9 Set the Network Analyzer to autorange press the Scale Ref key and Auto Scale Step 10 Using th...

Page 50: ...quency of the NFA to 750 MHz press the Frequency Points key and Fixed Freq 7 5 0 MHz Step 4 Restart the measurement sweep on the DUT press the Restart key Step 5 Using the marker peak function on the network analyzer determine the maximum displayed VSWR over the measured frequency range press the Marker Fctn key Mkr Search ON and then Search Max Step 6 Record the maximum displayed signal frequency...

Page 51: ...uency of the NFA to 1250 MHz press the Frequency Points key and then Fixed Freq 1 2 5 0 MHz Step 4 Restart the measurement sweep on the DUT press the Restart key Step 5 Using the marker peak function on the network analyzer determine the maximum displayed VSWR over the measured frequency range press the Marker Fctn key Mkr Search ON then Search Max Step 6 Record the maximum displayed signal freque...

Page 52: ...of the NFA to 1750 MHz press the Frequency Points key and then Fixed Freq 1 7 5 0 MHz Step 4 Restart the measurement sweep on the DUT press the Restart key Step 5 Using the marker peak function on the network analyzer determine the maximum displayed VSWR over the measured frequency range press the Marker Fctn key and Mkr Search ON Search Max Step 6 Record the maximum displayed signal frequency and...

Page 53: ...s depend on the frequency range of the NFA For the N8974A frequency range 3 GHz to 6 7 GHz press Start 3 G n then Stop 6 7 G n For the N8975A frequency range 3 GHz to 26 5 GHz press Start 3 G n then Stop 2 6 5 G n Step 5 Set the measurement format to SWR press the Format key and SWR Step 6 Set the number of measurement points to 401 points press the Sweep Setup key and NUMBER of POINTS 4 0 1 x1 St...

Page 54: ...ey then Calibrate Menu and Reflection 1 port Step 11 Connect the Open to the test port or if fitted the adapter and perform the open calibration press Opens and then select the relevant menu key Step 12 Connect the Short to the test port or if fitted the adapter and perform the open calibration press Shorts and then select the relevant menu key Step 13 Connect the Load to the test port or if fitte...

Page 55: ... the NFA to 5000 MHz press the Frequency Points key and then Fixed Freq 5 GHz Step 4 Restart the measurement sweep on the DUT press the Restart key Step 5 Using the marker peak function on the network analyzer determine the maximum displayed VSWR over the measured frequency range press the Marker Fctn key Mkr Search ON then Search Max Step 6 Record the maximum displayed signal frequency and VSWR o...

Page 56: ...et the fixed frequency of the NFA to 15 GHz press the Frequency Points key and then Fixed Freq 1 5 GHz Step 4 Restart the measurement sweep on the DUT press the Restart key Step 5 Using the marker peak function on the network analyzer determine the maximum displayed VSWR over the measured frequency range press the Marker Fctn key Mkr Search ON then Search Max Step 6 Record the maximum displayed si...

Page 57: ...Set the fixed frequency of the NFA to 23 GHz press the Frequency Points key and then Fixed Freq 2 3 GHz Step 4 Restart the measurement sweep on the DUT press the Restart key Step 5 Using the marker peak function on the network analyzer determine the maximum displayed VSWR over the measured frequency range press the Marker Fctn key Mkr Search ON then Search Max Step 6 Record the maximum displayed s...

Page 58: ... at the narrowest bandwidth of 100 kHz This is due to the fact that the NFA uses digital sample processing DSP It is therefore only necessary to verify the narrowest bandwidth with the most accurate specification Model N8972A does not support narrow bandwidth functionality Test Specification NOTE On the N8972A model only a DSP bandwidth of 4 MHz is available B a n d w i d t h Frequency range 10 MH...

Page 59: ... Frequency Range 10 MHz to 26 5 GHz Frequency Accuracy CW 0 02 Power Level Range 55dBm 83620 30 40 50B Option 001 and 008 Adapter 1 N8972 3A N Type M to 3 5mm F N8974 5A 3 5mm Precision F to 3 5mm F 1250 1744 1250 1749 or 83059B Adapter 2 83620 30 3 5mm Precision F to 3 5mm F 83640 50 2 4mm Precision F to 3 5mm F 1250 1749 or 83059B 11901B RF Cable 10 MHz to 26 5 GHz 3 5mm M to 3 5mm M 61 cm 24 in...

Page 60: ...cy Accuracy Test Procedure Test Record detailed in the relevant Appendix for the model number being tested Step 1 Connect the equipment as shown in Figure 2 7 on page 40 Step 2 Set the Synthesized Sweeper as follows 1 Press the Preset key and wait for the preset routine to complete 2 Set the power level to 70dBm press the Power Level key and 7 0 dB m 3 Switch RF ON ANALYZER NOISE FIGURE SWEEPER SY...

Page 61: ...tem key More More and Service Enter the service password 2 0 1 0 press Enter Service and then press IF Test and Fixed IF Gain On Set the IF Gain Value to 16 and press IF Gain Value 1 6 Enter 10 For models N8974A and N8975A run the YIG Tuned Filter alignment press the System key Alignment and then press Align YTF and wait for the alignment routine to complete Step 4 Set the Sweeper frequency to 14 ...

Page 62: ...2 9 Step 11 Obtain the Phot tabulated measurements press the Format key and Table Use the tab keys below the display to scroll through the results Alternatively output the trace data to disk using the File Manager as follows 1 Insert a writable disk in drive A and press the File key and Save Trace Ensure that drive A is selected as the To path 2 Enter the file name or use the default provided and ...

Page 63: ...Chapter 2 43 Test Descriptions Frequency Accuracy Figure 2 8 Typical 4 MHz bandwidth filter shape Figure 2 9 Typical 100 KHz bandwidth filter shape ...

Page 64: ... into the Test Record Ensure the measured values are within its published specification Step 14 Reset the IF Gain press the System key then More More and Service Enter the service password 2 0 1 0 press Enter Service and then press IF Test and Fixed IF Gain Off NOTE The DSP bandwidths are verified at the narrowest bandwidth only This is due the fact that they use digital sample processing DSP ther...

Page 65: ...Hz Summed Phot reading Equation 1 No Frequency MHz Summed Phot reading Equation 1 No Frequency MHz Summed Phot reading Equation 1 1 22 43 2 23 44 3 24 45 4 25 46 5 26 47 6 27 48 7 28 49 8 29 50 9 30 51 10 31 52 11 32 53 12 33 54 13 34 55 14 35 56 15 36 57 16 37 58 17 38 59 18 39 60 19 40 61 20 41 62 21 42 63 ...

Page 66: ...113 72 93 114 73 94 115 74 95 116 75 96 117 76 97 118 77 98 119 78 99 120 79 100 121 80 101 122 81 102 123 82 103 124 83 104 125 84 105 126 Table 2 8 Frequency Accuracy Test Worksheet No Frequency MHz Summed Phot reading Equation 1 No Frequency MHz Summed Phot reading Equation 1 No Frequency MHz Summed Phot reading Equation 1 ...

Page 67: ...6 135 156 177 136 157 178 137 158 179 138 159 180 139 160 181 140 161 182 141 162 183 142 163 184 143 164 185 144 165 186 145 166 187 146 167 188 147 168 189 Table 2 8 Frequency Accuracy Test Worksheet No Frequency MHz Summed Phot reading Equation 1 No Frequency MHz Summed Phot reading Equation 1 No Frequency MHz Summed Phot reading Equation 1 ...

Page 68: ...____ MHz Equation Power Summed Phot reading 201 2 Power ____________WattHz 190 194 198 191 195 199 192 196 200 193 197 201 Table 2 8 Frequency Accuracy Test Worksheet No Frequency MHz Summed Phot reading Equation 1 No Frequency MHz Summed Phot reading Equation 1 No Frequency MHz Summed Phot reading Equation 1 ...

Page 69: ...ect files of Type Text Files prn txt csv Figure 2 10 Example Excel File Column A contains the measured frequency Column B contains the corresponding Linear Phot value Disregard Column C null terminator information Step 3 Increase the column widths to 20 to view the data more accurately Step 4 Enter the following formula into cell D1 SUM B 1 B1 copy this formula and paste it from cell D2 D201 Step ...

Page 70: ...lue meets its published specification Performing the frequency accuracy calculations manually Step 1 Using the displayed Phot results sum the values and enter the summed values on the Test Worksheet Table on page 45 Example 2 2 1 GHz CW at the 4 MHz bandwidth For the 1 GHz CW at the 4 MHz bandwidth each Phot reading shown in the Figure 2 12 on page 51 is summed with the previous cell s until the t...

Page 71: ...2 12 Equation Power Summed Phot Reading 201 2 Step 3 Use the summed value column as shown in Figure 2 12 as a look up reference and find the cell which closest matches the Power Reading The corresponding frequency column is given as the center frequency point Enter the reading into the Test Worksheet Table on page 45 and ensure the measured value is within its published specification ...

Page 72: ...states Test Specification Noise Off 0 0V 1 0V Noise On 28V 0 1V Related Adjustment None Required Test Equipment The following equipment is required for the Noise Source Supply Accuracy test Table 2 9 Equipment required for Noise Source Supply Accuracy test Equipment description Critical specification for equipment substitution Recommended model Digital Multimeter Input Resistance of 10 MΩ Accuracy...

Page 73: ... DCV in the FUNCTION RANGE menu Step 3 Ensure that the preset is set to factory settings press the System key then More Power On Preset and Preset Factory Step 4 On the NFA press the Preset key and wait for the routine to finish Step 5 Set sweep to single press Sweep Sweep Mode single Step 6 Set the noise source off press the System key then More More and Service Press Enter Password then enter th...

Page 74: ...ss Enter Password then enter the service password 2010 Press Enter then Service and Noise Source On Step 9 Enter the digital multimeter reading in the Test Record as the Noise Source Supply On measurement Step 10 Press the Preset key to return to the default Noise Source Supply State Step 11 Verify that the measured values are within the published specifications ...

Page 75: ... step attenuator is used in the measurement to reduce the overall measurement uncertainty of the standard It is therefore necessary to re reference the measurement and repeat the test covering the range from 12 22dB All levels tested below 1dB are interpolated from the measured points as the minimum step attenuator setting is 1dB For test purposes the Noise Figure Range and Accuracy is only tested...

Page 76: ...5dBm 83620 30 40 50B Option 001 and 008 Attenuator Switch Driver Compatible with 8494G H Programmable step attenuators 11713A 1 dB Step Attenuator Attenuation Range 0 to 11dB Frequency Range 50 MHz Connectors 3 5mm F Calibrated at 50 MHz with accuracy of 0 010 dB 8494G H Option 002 Adapter 1 N8972 3A N Type M to 3 5mm F N8974 5A 3 5mm Precision F to 3 5mm F 1250 1744 1250 1749 or 83059B Adapter 83...

Page 77: ...ers to the Noise Figure Range and Accuracy Test Record detailed in the relevant Appendix for the model number being tested Step 1 Connect the equipment as shown in Figure 2 14 Step 2 Set the Synthesized Sweeper as follows 1 Press the Preset key 2 Set the frequency to 50 MHz press the CW key and 5 0 MHz 3 Set the power level to 54 dBm press the Power Level key and 5 4 dB m 4 Switch RF ON NOISE FIGU...

Page 78: ...n Preset and Preset Factory 2 Press the Preset key and wait for the routine to finish 3 Set the measured result to Phot press the Result key and Phot 4 Set sweep to single press the Sweep key and Sweep Mode Single 5 Set the frequency mode to fixed press the Frequency Points key and Freq Mode Fixed Table 2 13 Switch Driver Attenuator Settings 1 LED On 0 LED Off 1dB Step Attenuator Attenuator X 1 2 ...

Page 79: ...cording the measured Phot at each point in the Worksheet as the 55 to 65dB levels Remember to press the Restart key at each measurement Step 8 Set the synthesizer power level to 65dBm press the Power Level key then 6 5 dB m Step 9 Reset the attenuator to 0dB and press the Restart key to restart the NFA sweep Step 10 Record the measured Phot value in the Worksheet as the 65dB Ref 2 Level Step 11 St...

Page 80: ...tual and Measured Noise Figures in the Test Record Step 16 Calculate the Noise Figure Instrument Uncertainty Error for each ENR measurement range detailed in the relevant model number tables in Appendices A through D Enter the values into the appropriate test record and ensure that the measured values are within their published specifications pass fail ...

Page 81: ...ize dB Input Level dBm Measured Phot dB Range dB Actual Attenuation dB Equation 1 Measured Attenuation dB Equation 2 0 54 Ref 1 Ref 1 Ref 1 Ref 1 Ref 1 0 125 0 5 1 55 1 2 56 2 3 57 3 4 58 4 5 59 5 6 60 6 7 61 7 8 62 8 9 63 9 10 64 10 11 65 11 0 Ref 2 65 Ref 2 Ref 2 Ref 2 Ref 2 Ref 2 1 66 12 2 67 13 3 68 14 4 69 15 5 70 16 6 71 17 7 72 18 ...

Page 82: ...red PhotdB Ref 1 Measured PhotdB from 55 to 65 Range dB 12 to 22 Measured PhotdB Ref 2 Measured PhotdB from 66 to 76 11dB to re reference NOTE The ENR values given in the calculations are taken to be 5dB 15dB and 22dB respectively The actual and measured attenuations supplied within the appropriate Test Records are calculated from in the equations in the Tables on page 63 8 73 19 9 74 20 10 75 21 ...

Page 83: ...AttenuationdB 10 1 Measured NF range 15 dB ENR 10LOG 10 Measured AttenuationdB 10 1 Instrumentation Uncertainty Range dB 0 125 to 11 Actual NF Measured NF Range dB 12 to 15 Actual NF Measured NF Instrumentation Uncertainty at 11 dB re reference Table 2 17 20 22 dB Noise Source ENR Test Record Actual NF range 22 dB ENR 10LOG 10 Actual AttenuationdB 10 1 Measured NF range 22 dB ENR 10LOG 10 Measured...

Page 84: ...ny given measurement from 20dB to 40dB within the available 0 70dB IF attenuator range Therefore the actual Instrumentation Uncertainty is calculated as the maximum peak to peak error over any 40dB range within the available 0 70dB IF attenuator range The 30 available ranges are all tested for the maximum and minimum Peak to Peak values within their respective 40dB range The 30 peak to peak values...

Page 85: ...ons Gain Measurement Uncertainty Figure 2 15 Typical Instrumentation Uncertainty for the range 30 to 70dB Test Specification Gain Measurement Uncertainty Range 20 to 40dB Instrumentation Uncertainty 0 17dB Related Adjustment None ...

Page 86: ...ended model Synthesized Sweeper Frequency Range 50 MHz Frequency Accuracy CW 0 02 Power Level Range 46 dBm 83620 30 40 50B Option 001 and 008 Adapter 1 N8972 3A N Type M to 3 5mm F N8974 5A 3 5mm Precision F to 3 5mm F 1250 1744 1250 1749 or 83059B Adapter 2 83620 30 3 5mm Precision F to 3 5mm F 83640 50 2 4mm Precision F to 3 5mm F 1250 1749 or 83059B 11901B RF Cable 50 MHz 3 5mm M to 3 5mm M 61c...

Page 87: ...y mode to fixed press Frequency Points key Frequency Mode and Fixed 6 Set the frequency to 50 MHz press Frequency Points key Fixed Frequency then 5 0 MHz Step 3 Ensure that the preset is set to factory settings press the System key then More Power On Preset Power On Preset and Preset Factory Step 4 Press the Preset key on the NFA and wait until the routine is finished Step 5 Run the IF attenuator ...

Page 88: ...n the Worksheet No 1 Example Index 16 1 004545 10 LOG10 1 004545 0 019694dB Step 8 Using the error data calculated in the Worksheet No 1 enter the peak to peak error in dB over the 30 available measurement ranges in the Worksheet 2 Step 9 Record the worst Instrumentation Uncertainty into the Test Record and ensure that the measured value is within its published specification ...

Page 89: ...t Uncertainty Table 2 19 Gain Measurement Uncertainty Worksheet 1 Index Delta Ratio Error dB Index Delta Ratio Error dB 1 36 2 37 3 38 4 39 5 40 6 41 7 42 8 43 9 44 10 45 11 46 12 47 13 48 14 49 15 50 16 51 17 52 18 53 19 54 20 55 21 56 22 57 23 58 ...

Page 90: ...scriptions Gain Measurement Uncertainty 24 59 25 60 26 61 27 62 28 63 29 64 30 65 31 66 32 67 33 68 34 69 35 70 71 Table 2 19 Gain Measurement Uncertainty Worksheet 1 Index Delta Ratio Error dB Index Delta Ratio Error dB ...

Page 91: ...ndex Range Measured Range dB Peak Peak Instrumentation Uncertainty dB 1 41 0 40 2 42 1 41 3 43 2 42 4 44 3 43 5 45 4 44 6 46 5 45 7 47 6 46 8 48 7 47 9 49 8 48 10 50 9 49 11 51 10 50 12 52 11 51 13 53 12 52 14 54 13 53 15 55 14 54 16 56 15 55 17 57 16 56 18 58 17 57 19 59 18 58 20 60 19 59 21 61 20 60 22 62 21 61 ...

Page 92: ...nt Uncertainty 23 63 22 62 24 64 23 63 25 65 24 64 26 66 25 65 27 67 26 66 28 68 27 67 29 69 28 68 30 70 29 69 31 71 30 70 Table 2 20 Gain Measurement Uncertainty Worksheet 2 Index Range Measured Range dB Peak Peak Instrumentation Uncertainty dB ...

Page 93: ...curate 20 26 C performance specification Test Specification N8972A 10 MHz to 500 MHz 4 4dB 0 0025dB MHz 500 MHz to 1500 MHz 5 9dB 0 00135dB MHz N8973A 10 MHz to 500 MHz 4 4dB 0 0025dB MHz 500 MHz to 2300 MHz 5 9dB 0 00135dB MHz 2300 to 3000 MHz 2 9dB 0 0015dB MHz N8974A and N8975A 10 MHz to 500 MHz 4 4dB 0 0025dB MHz 500 MHz to 2300 MHz 5 9dB 0 00135dB MHz 2300 MHz to 3000 MHz 2 9dB 0 0015dB MHz 3...

Page 94: ...are referenced to 0 MHz To calculate the specification for any given frequency point within this range simply multiply the frequency by the corresponding dB MHz value and add the initial dB value For example Frequency 1500 MHz Specification 1500 0 00135 5 9dB 7 925 dB Figure 2 17 Typical plots with limit lines for the N8972A ...

Page 95: ...Chapter 2 75 Test Descriptions Instrument Noise Figure Figure 2 18 Typical plots with limit lines for the N8973A Figure 2 19 Typical plots with limit lines for the N8974A ...

Page 96: ...equired equipment for Instrument Noise Figure Test Equipment description Critical specification for equipment substitution Recommended model Noise source Frequency Range 10 MHz to 3 GHz Typical ENR 4 5 6 5 dB Connection 3 5 mm M or N Type 346A standard or Option 001 Noise source Frequency Range 10 MHz to 26 5 GHz Typical ENR 12 0 17 0 dB Connection 3 5 mm M or N Type 346C ...

Page 97: ...r 3 5 mm Precision F to 3 5 mm F 83059B BNC Lead Length 122 cm 48 in Frequency 10 MHz 10503A Table 2 21 Required equipment for Instrument Noise Figure Test Equipment description Critical specification for equipment substitution Recommended model 346A 346A OR Adapter Adapter 346C N8972A N8973A Type N Opt 001 N8974A 3 5mm Std N8975A 3 5mm Std OR Input BNC Cable Source Supply 28V Noise OR OR NOISE SO...

Page 98: ...h Step 4 Load the noise source ENR calibration file from diskette A or from the NFA s internal memory C Alternatively create an ENR file from the data supplied on the noise source label refer to the Noise Figure Anaylzers NFA Series User s Guide for more details Do not calibrate the source The NFA should display Uncorrected in the active window Step 5 Configure the NFA as follows 1 Set the measure...

Page 99: ...tep 6 Models N8974A and N8975A only run the Yig Tuned Filter alignment by pressing System Alignment and Align YTF then wait for the alignment routine to complete Step 7 Restart the NFA sweep by pressing the Restart key Step 8 Once the single sweep is complete set the NFA to autorange press the Scale key and the Autoscale menu item Step 9 Set the specification limit lines as follows 1 Press the Lim...

Page 100: ...80 Chapter2 Test Descriptions Instrument Noise Figure Figure 2 22 Specification limit line setup for N8972A Figure 2 23 Specification limit line setup for N8973A ...

Page 101: ... Descriptions Instrument Noise Figure Figure 2 24 Specification limit line setup for N8974A Figure 2 25 Specification limit line setup for N8975A 4 Display the limit line on the screen press Prev key and then Display On ...

Page 102: ...aved to disk and archived printed etc Step 12 Activate the markers function on the analyzer press the Marker key and the Marker 1 State and Normal menu items Step 13 Set the marker readout to 10 MHz the first frequency with the Test Record Press 1 0 MHz and enter the marker value in the Test Record beside the corresponding frequency point Step 14 Repeat step 12 and step 13 for the remaining freque...

Page 103: ... Factor over 100 samples The standard deviation is then calculated using the non biased or n 1 method STDEV uses the following formula Equation 2 2 The linear value is then converted to Log10 to give the Y factor Standard Deviation with no averaging Test Specification Jitter with no averaging Y factor Standard Deviation 0 10dB Related Adjustment None σ n x 2 x 2 n n 1 ...

Page 104: ...nded model Noise source Frequency Range 1 GHz Typical ENR 4 7dB Connection 3 5 mm M or N Type M 346A Standard or option 001 Adapter 3 5 mm Precision F to 3 5 mm F 83059B BNC cable Length 122 cm 48 in Frequency 10 MHz 10503A 346A 346A Adapter N8972A N8973A Type N Opt 001 N8974A 3 5mm Std OR Input BNC Cable Source Supply 28V Noise OR OR NOISE SOURCE NOISE FIGURE ANALYZER Load ENR Data from C Insert ...

Page 105: ...ile from the data supplied on the noise source label refer to the Noise Figure Anaylzers NFA Series User s Guide for more details Do not calibrate the source The NFA should display Uncorrected in the active window Step 5 Set the NFA as follows 1 Set the measure result to Y Factor press the Result key then Y Factor 2 Set sweep to single press the Sweep key then Sweep Mode single 3 Set the frequency...

Page 106: ...63 63838 4147 9900 0 000123 0 011071Lin Table 2 23 Example worksheet Y Factor Reading Lin Y Factor Reading Lin Y Factor Reading Lin Y Factor Reading Lin 1 10 11 20 81 90 91 100 2 51173 2 53236 2 51882 2 54814 2 52119 2 52459 2 52375 2 51989 2 53333 2 52733 2 54246 2 52309 2 50778 2 50358 2 52668 2 52371 2 51997 2 52640 2 53861 2 53395 2 53139 2 52554 2 53976 2 54141 2 51906 2 53011 2 54001 2 52784...

Page 107: ...t the measured value is within its published specification Example Standard Deviation 10 LOG10 1 standard deviationLin 10 LOG10 1 0 011071Lin 0 0478dB Table 2 24 Measurement Jitter Test Worksheet Y Factor Reading Lin Y Factor Reading Lin Y Factor Reading Lin Y Factor Reading Lin Y Factor Reading Lin Y Factor Reading Lin Y Factor Reading Lin Y Factor Reading Lin Y Factor Reading Lin Y Factor Readin...

Page 108: ...88 Chapter2 Test Descriptions Measurement Jitter ...

Page 109: ... Specifications apply over 0 C to 55 C unless otherwise stated The Noise Figure Analyzer meets specification after 2 hours storage within the operating temperature range 1 hour after the analyzer is turned on with ALIGNMENT running ...

Page 110: ...GHz to 26 5 GHz frequency ranges respectively If the frequency range you are working in crosses the 3 0 GHz point the mechanical switch operates The mechanical switch has a limited number of cycles over which it is reliable To maximize the switches reliable life switching over the 3 0 GHz switch should be limited where possible 2 Temperature stability on the Standard Frequency reference is achieve...

Page 111: ...op Centre Marker Frequency MHz Temperature 0o C 55o C At measurement bandwidth of 4 MHz 10 3000 Reference error 100 kHz 3000 26500 Reference error 400 kHz At measurement bandwidth of 4 MHz 10 3000 Reference error 20 kHz 3000 26500 Reference error 20 of measurement bandwidth ...

Page 112: ...0 1 dB 0 to 30 dB 0 1 dB 0 to 35 dB 0 15 dB Gain Measurement Range 20 to 40 dB Instrument Uncertainty 0 17 dB N8973A Noise Source ENR 4 7 dB 12 17 dB 20 22 dB Noise Figure Measurement Range Instrument Uncertainty 0 to 20 dB 0 05 dB 0 to 30 dB 0 05 dB 0 to 35 dB 0 1 dB Gain Measurement Range 20 to 40 dB Instrument Uncertaintya 0 17 dB a For measurement bandwidths below 4 MHz and spacing between mea...

Page 113: ...t bandwidths below 4 MHz and spacing between measurement points below 3 MHz gain uncertainty may increase to a maximum of 0 7 dB N8974A N8975A 3 0 26 5 GHz Noise Source ENR 4 7 dB 12 17 dB 20 22 dB Noise Figure Measurement Range Instrument Uncertainty 0 to 20 dB 0 15 dB 0 to 30 dB 0 15 dB 0 to 35 dB 0 2 dB Gain Measurement Range 20 to 40 dB Instrument Uncertaintya 0 17 dB a For measurement bandwid...

Page 114: ...ed temperature range of 23o C 3o C 10 MHz to 500 MHz 4 9 dB 0 0025 freq in MHz 4 4 dB 0 0025 freq in MHz 500 MHz to 2 3 GHz 7 4 dB 0 00135 freq in MHz 5 9 dB 0 00135 freq in MHz 2 3 GHz to 3 0 GHz 4 9 dB 0 0015 freq in MHz 2 9 dB 0 0015 freq in MHz 3 0 GHz to 13 2 GHz 12 0 dB 10 5 dB 13 2 GHz to 26 5 GHz 16 0 dB 12 5 dB 1 Characteristic values are met or improved on by 90 of instruments with 90 co...

Page 115: ...rd deviation 0 15 dB 1 Characteristic values are met or improved on by 90 of instruments with 90 confidence 2 Subject to maximum operating input power 3 Specified for a 4 MHz measurement bandwidth Jitter in noise figure is equivalent to jitter in Y factor to within 10 for ENR 14dB and F 4dB At minimum smoothing jitter can limit accuracy the small jitter at high smoothing does not 4 For true Gaussi...

Page 116: ...WR 50 Ω reference Figure 3 3 Characteristic1 SWR at 23 C 10 0 MHz to 3 0 GHz 10 MHz to 500 MHz 500 MHz to 1 0 GHz 1 0 GHz to 1 5 GHz 1 5 GHz to 3 0 GHz 3 0 GHz to 6 7 GHz 6 7 GHz to 20 0 GHz 20 0 GHz to 26 5 GHz SWR 1 6 1 1 8 1 1 9 1 1 8 1 1 3 1 2 1 1 2 4 1 1 Characteristic values are met or improved on by 90 of instruments with 90 confidence ...

Page 117: ...wer Contributing factors are Noise source ENR external gain noise figure and bandwidth including DUT Maximum Protected Input Level 20Vdc 15 dBm peak or average at RF 1 Characteristic values are met or improved on by 90 of instruments with 90 confidence 2 This is the total wide band noise power Contributing factors are Noise Source ENR external gain noise figure and bandwidth including DUT ...

Page 118: ... points from 600 MHz to 1 0 GHz with 4 MHz measurement bandwidth 2 Corrected noise figure and gain measured on a 3 dB pad with a repetitive sweep of 101 points from 4 GHz to 6 GHz with a 4 MHz measurement bandwidth 8 averages 64 averages N8972A1 100 ms measurement 80 ms measurement N8973A1 50 ms measurement 42 ms measurement N8974A1 3 0GHz 50 ms measurement 42 ms measurement N8975A1 3 0GHz 50 ms m...

Page 119: ...ternal LO via dedicated LO GPIB connector Upconverter in DUT With fixed or variable IF Instrument can control an external LO via dedicated LO GPIB connector System downconverter Allows the use of an external downconverting mixer as part of the measurement system Instrument can control an external LO via dedicated LO GPIB connector Loss compensation Single value between noise source and DUT and bet...

Page 120: ...markers 4 Limit lines Upper and lower for each of 2 channels Display units Noise figure Noise figure F dB or as a ratio F Gain Gain G dB or as a ratio G Y factor Y factor Y dB or as a ratio Y Effective noise temperature Effective input noise temperature in Kelvin C F Phot Relative power density in dB or as a ratio Pcold Relative power density in dB or as a ratio ...

Page 121: ... D Sub female for connection with IEEE 1284 cable to a PCL3 or PCL5 compatible printer VGA Output1 15 pin mini D SUB female Probe Power nominal 15 Vdc 12 6 Vdc at 150 mA max 10 MHz REF OUT 50 Ω nominal BNC f 0 dBm 10 MHz REF IN 50 Ω nominal BNC f 15 to 10 dBm Noise Source Drive Output Connector 50 Ω type BNC f Output Voltage ON 28 0 V 0 1 V at up to 60mA peak OFF 1 V 1 31 5 KHz horizontal 60 Hz ve...

Page 122: ...ne 0 5 W Dimensions Without handle 222mm H x 410mm D x 375mm W With handle max 222mm H x 515mm D x 409mm W Weight typical without options N8972A 15 3 kg 33 7 lbs N8973A 15 5 kg 34 2 lbs N8974A 17 5 kg 38 6 lbs N8975A 17 5 kg 38 6 lbs Audible Noise 42 dBa pressure and 5 0 bels power ISODP7779 Temperature Range Operating 0 C to 55 C Storage 40 C to 70 C Humidity Range Operating Up to 95 relative hum...

Page 123: ...field matches the frequency of a measured noise figure or gain the values displayed will deviate from those expected This phenomenon will only affect that specific frequency and the Analyzer will continue to perform to specification at all other frequency sample points The Noise Figure Analyzer may be unable to calibrate a chosen frequency sample point if the frequency matches that of an incident ...

Page 124: ...104 Chapter3 Technical Specifications General Specifications ...

Page 125: ...105 A Model N8972A Test Records This appendix provides test records for you to photocopy and use when working through each calibration and performance verification test on model N8972A ...

Page 126: ...Hz Out Frequency Reference Accuracy Test Record Standard results Option 1D5 results Description Measured Frequency Hz Specification Hz Pass Fail Frequency Accuracy 20Hz Settability 5Hz Description Measured Frequency Hz Specification Hz Pass Fail Frequency Reference Accuracy 1Hz Settability 0 1Hz ...

Page 127: ...est Records Input VSWR Test Record Input VSWR Test Record Measured Frequency Range Frequency at Max Measured VSWR Maximum Measured VSWR Specification Pass Fail 10MHz to 500MHz 1 6 1 500MHz to 1000MHz 1 8 1 1000MHz to 1500MHz 1 9 1 ...

Page 128: ...Center Frequency MHz Specification Pass Fail 14 00 8 00 4 00 10 kHz 100 kHz x 30 00 8 00 4 00 10 kHz 100 kHz x 60 00 8 00 4 00 10 kHz 100 kHz x 100 00 8 00 4 00 10 kHz 100 kHz x 300 00 8 00 4 00 10 kHz 100 kHz x 600 00 8 00 4 00 10 kHz 100 kHz x 1000 00 8 00 4 00 10 kHz 100 kHz x 1496 00 8 00 4 00 10 kHz 100 kHz x Where X is equal to the Tuned Frequency 1 Frequency Standard in use ...

Page 129: ...pendix A 109 Model N8972A Test Records Noise Source Supply Accuracy Test Record Noise Source Supply Accuracy Test Record Noise Source Supply Measured Voltage V Specification V Pass Fail Off 1 0 V On 0 1V ...

Page 130: ... and Accuracy Test Record Results 4 5 6 5dB Noise Source ENR Input Level dBm Range dB Actual NF dB Measured NF dB Noise Figure Measurement Range dB Instrument Uncertainty dB Specification dB Pass Fail 0 125 0 20 dB 0 10dB 0 5 0 10dB 55 1 0 10dB 56 2 0 10dB 57 3 0 10dB 58 4 0 10dB 59 5 0 10dB 60 6 0 10dB ...

Page 131: ...ge dB Actual NF dB Measured NF dB Noise Figure Measurement Range dB Instrument Uncertainty dB Specification dB Pass Fail 0 125 0 30 dB 0 10dB 0 5 0 10dB 55 1 0 10dB 56 2 0 10dB 57 3 0 10dB 58 4 0 10dB 59 5 0 10dB 60 6 0 10dB 61 7 0 10dB 62 8 0 10dB 63 9 0 10dB 64 10 0 10dB 65 11 0 10dB 66 12 0 10dB 67 13 0 10dB 68 14 0 10dB 69 15 0 10dB ...

Page 132: ... Measurement Range dB Instrument Uncertainty dB Specification dB Pass Fail 0 125 0 15dB 0 5 0 15dB 55 1 0 15dB 56 2 0 15dB 57 3 0 15dB 58 4 0 15dB 59 5 0 15dB 60 6 0 15dB 61 7 0 15dB 62 8 0 15dB 63 9 0 15dB 64 10 0 35 dB 0 15dB 65 11 0 15dB 66 12 0 15dB 67 13 0 15dB 68 14 0 15dB 69 15 0 15dB 70 16 0 15dB 71 17 0 15dB 72 18 0 15dB 73 19 0 15dB 74 20 0 15dB 75 21 0 15dB 76 22 0 15dB ...

Page 133: ... Model N8972A Test Records Gain Measurement Uncertainty Test Record Gain Measurement Uncertainty Test Record Measurement Range dB Worst Pk Pk Instrumentation Uncertainty Specification dB Pass Fail 20 to 40 dB 0 17dB ...

Page 134: ...trument Noise Figure Test Record Frequency MHz Instrument Noise Figure dB Specification dB Pass Fail 10 00 to 1500 Overall Frequency Range Result Test Line Limit 10 00 4 425dB 30 00 4 475dB 60 00 4 550dB 100 00 4 650dB 300 00 5 150dB 600 00 6 710dB 1000 00 7 250dB 1500 00 7 925dB ...

Page 135: ...Appendix A 115 Model N8972A Test Records Measurement Jitter Test Record Measurement Jitter Test Record Frequency MHz Standard Deviation dB Specification dB Pass Fail 1000 0 15dB ...

Page 136: ...116 AppendixA Model N8972A Test Records Measurement Jitter Test Record ...

Page 137: ...117 B Model N8973A Test Records This appendix provides test records for you to photocopy and use when working through each calibration and performance verification test on model N8973A ...

Page 138: ...Hz Out Frequency Reference Accuracy Test Record Standard results Option 1D5 results Description Measured Frequency Hz Specification Hz Pass Fail Frequency Accuracy 20Hz Settability 5Hz Description Measured Frequency Hz Specification Hz Pass Fail Frequency Reference Accuracy 1Hz Settability 0 1Hz ...

Page 139: ...Input VSWR Test Record Input VSWR Test Record Measured Frequency Range Frequency at Max Measured VSWR Maximum Measured VSWR Specification Pass Fail 10MHz to 500MHz 1 6 1 500MHz to 1000MHz 1 8 1 1000MHz to 1500MHz 1 9 1 1500MHz to 3000 Hz 1 8 1 ...

Page 140: ...00 8 00 4 00 10 kHz 100 kHz x 100 00 8 00 4 00 10 kHz 100 kHz x 300 00 8 00 4 00 10 kHz 100 kHz x 600 00 8 00 4 00 10 kHz 100 kHz x 1000 00 8 00 4 00 10 kHz 100 kHz x 1500 00 8 00 4 00 10 kHz 100 kHz x 2000 00 8 00 4 00 10 kHz 100 kHz x 2996 00 8 00 4 00 10 kHz 100 kHz x Frequency MHz Frequency Span MHz Selected Bandwidth MHz Resolution MHz Measured Center Frequency MHz Specification Pass Fail 100...

Page 141: ...pendix B 121 Model N8973A Test Records Noise Source Supply Accuracy Test Record Noise Source Supply Accuracy Test Record Noise Source Supply Measured Voltage V Specification V Pass Fail Off 1 0 V On 0 1V ...

Page 142: ... and Accuracy Test Record Results 4 5 6 5dB Noise Source ENR Input Level dBm Range dB Actual NF dB Measured NF dB Noise Figure Measurement Range dB Instrument Uncertainty dB Specification dB Pass Fail 0 125 0 20 dB 0 05dB 0 5 0 05dB 55 1 0 05dB 56 2 0 05dB 57 3 0 05dB 58 4 0 05dB 59 5 0 05dB 60 6 0 05dB ...

Page 143: ...ge dB Actual NF dB Measured NF dB Noise Figure Measurement Range dB Instrument Uncertainty dB Specification dB Pass Fail 0 125 0 30 dB 0 05dB 0 5 0 05dB 55 1 0 05dB 56 2 0 05dB 57 3 0 05dB 58 4 0 05dB 59 5 0 05dB 60 6 0 05dB 61 7 0 05dB 62 8 0 05dB 63 9 0 05dB 64 10 0 05dB 65 11 0 05dB 66 12 0 05dB 67 13 0 05dB 68 14 0 05dB 69 15 0 05dB ...

Page 144: ... Measurement Range dB Instrument Uncertainty dB Specification dB Pass Fail 0 125 0 10dB 0 5 0 10dB 55 1 0 10dB 56 2 0 10dB 57 3 0 10dB 58 4 0 10dB 59 5 0 10dB 60 6 0 10dB 61 7 0 10dB 62 8 0 10dB 63 9 0 10dB 64 10 0 35 dB 0 10dB 65 11 0 10dB 66 12 0 10dB 67 13 0 10dB 68 14 0 10dB 69 15 0 10dB 70 16 0 10dB 71 17 0 10dB 72 18 0 10dB 73 19 0 10dB 74 20 0 10dB 75 21 0 10dB 76 22 0 10dB ...

Page 145: ... Model N8973A Test Records Gain Measurement Uncertainty Test Record Gain Measurement Uncertainty Test Record Measurement Range dB Worst Pk Pk Instrumentation Uncertainty Specification dB Pass Fail 20 to 40 dB 0 17dB ...

Page 146: ...gure Test Record Frequency MHz Instrument Noise Figure dB Specification dB Pass Fail 10 00 to 3000 Overall Frequency Range Result Test Line Limit 10 00 4 425dB 30 00 4 475dB 60 00 4 550dB 100 00 4 650dB 300 00 5 150dB 600 00 6 710dB 1000 00 7 250dB 1500 00 7 925dB 2000 00 8 600dB 3000 00 7 400dB ...

Page 147: ...Appendix B 127 Model N8973A Test Records Measurement Jitter Test Record Measurement Jitter Test Record Frequency MHz Standard Deviation dB Specification dB Pass Fail 1000 0 10dB ...

Page 148: ...128 AppendixB Model N8973A Test Records Measurement Jitter Test Record ...

Page 149: ...129 C Model N8974A Test Records This appendix provides test records for you to photocopy and use when working through each calibration and performance verification test on model N8974A ...

Page 150: ...Hz Out Frequency Reference Accuracy Test Record Standard results Option 1D5 results Description Measured Frequency Hz Specification Hz Pass Fail Frequency Accuracy 20Hz Settability 5Hz Description Measured Frequency Hz Specification Hz Pass Fail Frequency Reference Accuracy 1Hz Settability 0 1Hz ...

Page 151: ...st Record Input VSWR Test Record Measured Frequency Range Frequency at Max Measured VSWR Maximum Measured VSWR Specification Pass Fail 10MHz to 500MHz 1 6 1 500MHz to 1000MHz 1 8 1 1000MHz to 1500MHz 1 9 1 1500MHz to 3000MHz 1 8 1 3000MHz to 6700MHz 1 3 1 ...

Page 152: ...z 100 kHz x 300 00 8 00 4 00 10 kHz 100 kHz x 600 00 8 00 4 00 10 kHz 100 kHz x 1000 00 8 00 4 00 10 kHz 100 kHz x 1500 00 8 00 4 00 10 kHz 100 kHz x 2000 00 8 00 4 00 10 kHz 100 kHz x 4000 00 8 00 4 00 10 kHz 400 kHz x 5000 00 8 00 4 00 10 kHz 400 kHz x 6000 00 8 00 4 00 10 kHz 400 kHz x 6696 00 8 00 4 00 10 kHz 400 kHz x Frequency MHz Frequency Span MHz Selected Bandwidth MHz Resolution MHz Meas...

Page 153: ...pendix C 133 Model N8974A Test Records Noise Source Supply Accuracy Test Record Noise Source Supply Accuracy Test Record Noise Source Supply Measured Voltage V Specification V Pass Fail Off 1 0 V On 0 1V ...

Page 154: ... and Accuracy Test Record Results 4 5 6 5dB Noise Source ENR Input Level dBm Range dB Actual NF dB Measured NF dB Noise Figure Measurement Range dB Instrument Uncertainty dB Specification dB Pass Fail 0 125 0 20 dB 0 05dB 0 5 0 05dB 55 1 0 05dB 56 2 0 05dB 57 3 0 05dB 58 4 0 05dB 59 5 0 05dB 60 6 0 05dB ...

Page 155: ...ge dB Actual NF dB Measured NF dB Noise Figure Measurement Range dB Instrument Uncertainty dB Specification dB Pass Fail 0 125 0 30 dB 0 05dB 0 5 0 05dB 55 1 0 05dB 56 2 0 05dB 57 3 0 05dB 58 4 0 05dB 59 5 0 05dB 60 6 0 05dB 61 7 0 05dB 62 8 0 05dB 63 9 0 05dB 64 10 0 05dB 65 11 0 05dB 66 12 0 05dB 67 13 0 05dB 68 14 0 05dB 69 15 0 05dB ...

Page 156: ...e Measurement Range dB Instrument Uncertainty dB Specification dB Pass Fail 0 125 0 10dB 0 5 0 10dB 55 1 0 10dB 56 2 0 10dB 57 3 0 10dB 58 4 0 10dB 59 5 0 10dB 60 6 0 10dB 61 7 0 10dB 62 8 0 10dB 63 9 0 10dB 64 10 0 35 dB 0 10dB 65 11 0 10dB 66 12 0 10dB 67 13 0 10dB 68 14 0 10dB 69 15 0 10dB 70 16 0 10dB 71 17 0 10dB 72 18 0 10dB 73 19 0 10dB 74 20 0 10dB 75 21 0 10dB 76 22 0 10dB ...

Page 157: ... Model N8974A Test Records Gain Measurement Uncertainty Test Record Gain Measurement Uncertainty Test Record Measurement Range dB Worst Pk Pk Instrumentation Uncertainty Specification dB Pass Fail 20 to 40 dB 0 17dB ...

Page 158: ...nstrument Noise Figure dB Specification dB Pass Fail 10 00 to 6700 Overall Frequency Range Result Test Line Limit 10 00 4 425dB 30 00 4 475dB 60 00 4 550dB 100 00 4 650dB 300 00 5 150dB 600 00 6 710dB 1000 00 7 250dB 1500 00 7 925dB 2000 00 8 600dB 3000 00 7 400dB 4000 00 10 50dB 5000 00 10 50dB 6000 00 10 50dB 6700 00 10 50dB ...

Page 159: ...Appendix C 139 Model N8974A Test Records Measurement Jitter Test Record Measurement Jitter Test Record Frequency MHz Standard Deviation dB Specification dB Pass Fail 1000 0 10dB ...

Page 160: ...140 AppendixC Model N8974A Test Records Measurement Jitter Test Record ...

Page 161: ...141 D Model N8975A Test Records This appendix provides test records for you to photocopy and use when working through each calibration and performance verification test on model N8975A ...

Page 162: ...Hz Out Frequency Reference Accuracy Test Record Standard results Option 1D5 results Description Measured Frequency Hz Specification Hz Pass Fail Frequency Accuracy 20Hz Settability 5Hz Description Measured Frequency Hz Specification Hz Pass Fail Frequency Reference Accuracy 1Hz Settability 0 1Hz ...

Page 163: ...Record Measured Frequency Range Frequency at Max Measured VSWR Maximum Measured VSWR Specification Pass Fail 10MHz to 500MHz 1 6 1 500MHz to 1000MHz 1 8 1 1000MHz to 1500MHz 1 9 1 1500MHz to 3000MHz 1 8 1 3000MHZ to 6700MHz 1 3 1 6700MHz to 20000MHz 2 1 1 20000MHz to 26500MHz 2 4 1 ...

Page 164: ...300 00 8 00 4 00 10 kHz 100 kHz x 600 00 8 00 4 00 10 kHz 100 kHz x 1000 00 8 00 4 00 10 kHz 100 kHz x 1500 00 8 00 4 00 10 kHz 100 kHz x 2000 00 8 00 4 00 10 kHz 100 kHz x 4000 00 8 00 4 00 10 kHz 400 kHz x 5000 00 8 00 4 00 10 kHz 400 kHz x 6000 00 8 00 4 00 10 kHz 400 kHz x 7000 00 8 00 4 00 10 kHz 400 kHz x 8000 00 8 00 4 00 10 kHz 400 kHz x 9000 00 8 00 4 00 10 kHz 400 kHz x 10000 00 8 00 4 0...

Page 165: ...0 kHz 400 kHz x 23000 00 8 00 4 00 10 kHz 400 kHz x 24000 00 8 00 4 00 10 kHz 400 kHz x 25000 00 8 00 4 00 10 kHz 400 kHz x 26000 00 8 00 4 00 10 kHz 400 kHz x 26496 00 8 00 4 00 10 kHz 400 kHz x Frequency MHz Frequency Span MHz Selected Bandwidth MHz Resolution MHz Measured Center Frequency MHz Specification Pass Fail 1000 00 2 00 0 10 5 kHz 20 kHz x Where X is equal to the Tuned Frequency 1 Freq...

Page 166: ...46 AppendixD Model N8975A Test Records Noise Source Supply Accuracy Test Record Noise Source Supply Accuracy Test Record Noise Source Supply Measured Voltage V Specification V Pass Fail Off 1 0 V On 0 1V ...

Page 167: ... and Accuracy Test Record Results 4 5 6 5dB Noise Source ENR Input Level dBm Range dB Actual NF dB Measured NF dB Noise Figure Measurement Range dB Instrument Uncertainty dB Specification dB Pass Fail 0 125 0 20 dB 0 05dB 0 5 0 05dB 55 1 0 05dB 56 2 0 05dB 57 3 0 05dB 58 4 0 05dB 59 5 0 05dB 60 6 0 05dB ...

Page 168: ...ge dB Actual NF dB Measured NF dB Noise Figure Measurement Range dB Instrument Uncertainty dB Specification dB Pass Fail 0 125 0 30 dB 0 05dB 0 5 0 05dB 55 1 0 05dB 56 2 0 05dB 57 3 0 05dB 58 4 0 05dB 59 5 0 05dB 60 6 0 05dB 61 7 0 05dB 62 8 0 05dB 63 9 0 05dB 64 10 0 05dB 65 11 0 05dB 66 12 0 05dB 67 13 0 05dB 68 14 0 05dB 69 15 0 05dB ...

Page 169: ...e Measurement Range dB Instrument Uncertainty dB Specification dB Pass Fail 0 125 0 10dB 0 5 0 10dB 55 1 0 10dB 56 2 0 10dB 57 3 0 10dB 58 4 0 10dB 59 5 0 10dB 60 6 0 10dB 61 7 0 10dB 62 8 0 10dB 63 9 0 10dB 64 10 0 35 dB 0 10dB 65 11 0 10dB 66 12 0 10dB 67 13 0 10dB 68 14 0 10dB 69 15 0 10dB 70 16 0 10dB 71 17 0 10dB 72 18 0 10dB 73 19 0 10dB 74 20 0 10dB 75 21 0 10dB 76 22 0 10dB ...

Page 170: ... Model N8975A Test Records Gain Measurement Uncertainty Test Record Gain Measurement Uncertainty Test Record Measurement Range dB Worst Pk Pk Instrumentation Uncertainty Specification dB Pass Fail 20 to 40 dB 0 17dB ...

Page 171: ... Pass Fail 10 00 to 26500 Overall Frequency Range Result Test Line Limit 10 00 4 425dB 30 00 4 475dB 60 00 4 550dB 100 00 4 650dB 300 00 5 150dB 600 00 6 710dB 1000 00 7 250dB 1500 00 7 925dB 2000 00 8 600dB 4000 00 7 400dB 5000 00 10 50dB 6000 00 10 50dB 7000 00 10 50dB 8000 00 10 50dB 9000 00 10 50dB 10000 00 10 50dB 11000 00 10 50dB 12000 00 10 50dB 13000 00 10 50dB ...

Page 172: ...dB 15000 00 12 50dB 16000 00 12 50dB 17000 00 12 50dB 18000 00 12 50dB 19000 00 12 50dB 20000 00 12 50dB 21000 00 12 50dB 22000 00 12 50dB 23000 00 12 50dB 24000 00 12 50dB 25000 00 12 50dB 26000 00 12 50dB 26500 00 12 50dB Frequency MHz Instrument Noise Figure dB Specification dB Pass Fail ...

Page 173: ...Appendix D 153 Model N8975A Test Records Measurement Jitter Test Record Measurement Jitter Test Record Frequency MHz Standard Deviation dB Specification dB Pass Fail 1000 0 10dB ...

Page 174: ...154 AppendixD Model N8975A Test Records Measurement Jitter Test Record ...

Page 175: ...155 E Caring for Connectors The material contained in this appendix may not be apply to the connector you are using on the instrument ...

Page 176: ... latest edition of the HP RF and Microwave Test Accessories Catalog for connector part numbers Handling and Storage Microwave connectors must be handled carefully inspected before use and when not in use stored in a way that gives them maximum protection Avoid touching the connector mating plane surfaces and avoid setting the connectors contact end down especially on a hard surface Never store con...

Page 177: ...nd in cleaning connectors but it is not required for inspection Obvious Defects and Damage Examine the connectors first for obvious defects or damage badly worn plating deformed threads or bent broken or misaligned center conductors Connector nuts should move smoothly and be free of burrs loose metal particles and rough spots Immediately discard or mark for identification and send away for repair ...

Page 178: ...e mating plane surface of the connector may indicate that the connector itself is damaged and should not be used Try to determine the cause of the damage before making further connections Precision 7 mm Connectors Precision 7mm connectors among them APC 7 connectors should be inspected visually with the center conductor collets in place and whenever the collet has been removed See Figure E 1 The c...

Page 179: ...nter conductor contact fingers Figure E 2 and Figure E 3 These are very easily bent or broken and damage to them is not always easy to see Any connector with damaged contact fingers will not make good electrical contact and must be replaced Figure E 2 Precision 3 5mm connectors Outer Conductor Center Conductor Collet Outer Conductor Mating Plane Dielectric Support bead MALE FEMALE Outer Conductor ...

Page 180: ...160 AppendixE Caring for Connectors Visual Inspection Figure E 3 SMA connectors MALE FEMALE Outer Conductor Mating Plane ...

Page 181: ...ating plane surfaces can usually be removed with a quick blast of compressed air This is very easy to do and should always be tried first using compressed air from a small pressurized can The stream of air can be directed exactly where it is wanted through a plastic not metal nozzle No hoses or other connections are needed Hold the can upright to avoid spraying liquid along with the vapor Cleaning...

Page 182: ... a cable calibration or verification standard the easiest way to do this is to put a lint free cleaning cloth flat on a table and put a couple of drops of alcohol in the center of the cloth It should be noted that it is not necessary to remove the collet to use this cleaning method Retract the connector sleeve threads so that the connector interface is exposed Gently press the contact end of the c...

Page 183: ...s to cut off the sharp tip of a round wooden toothpick or a smaller diameter wooden rod and then to wrap it with a single layer of lint free cleaning cloth Figure E 4 Cleaning interior surfaces NOTE Metal must never be used it will scratch the plated surfaces and in cleaning precision 3 5mm connectors the diameter must not exceed 0 070 in 1 7 mm The wooden handle of a cotton swab for example is to...

Page 184: ...luminated magnifying glass or microscope to see clearly the areas you wish to clean Drying Connectors When you have cleaned a connector always be sure that it is completely dry before reassembling or using it Blow the connector dry with a gentle stream of clean compressed air and inspect it again under a magnifying glass to be sure that no particles or alcohol residues remain ...

Page 185: ...ple due to wear or damage Connectors on calibration and verification devices should also be gaged whenever they have been used by someone else or on another system or piece of equipment Precision 3 5mm and SMA connectors should be gaged relatively more often than other connectors owing to the ease with which the center pins can be pulled out of specification during disconnection Connectors should ...

Page 186: ...ade by spring loaded contacts called collets These protrude slightly in front of the outer conductor mating plane when the connectors are apart When the connection is tightened the collets are compressed into the same plane as the outer conductors For this reason two mechanical specifications are generally given for precision 7mm connectors the maximum recession of the center conductor behind the ...

Page 187: ...oulder of the male contact pin and the tip of the female contact fingers when the connectors are mated In practice this means that no Type N connector pair should be mated when the separation between the tip of the female contact fingers and the shoulder of the male contact pin could be less than zero when the connectors are mated Gage Type N connectors carefully to avoid damage Type N connectors ...

Page 188: ...connector This decreases the total center conductor contact separation and should be monitored carefully 75 Ohm Type N Connectors 75Ω Type N connectors differ from 50Ω Type N connectors most significantly in that the center conductor male contact pin and female contact hole are smaller Therefore mating a male 50Ω Type N connector with a female 75Ω Type N connector will destroy the female 75Ω conne...

Page 189: ...that you are using the correct connector gage and correct end of the gage calibration block for the connector being measured Hold the gage by the plunger barrel not the dial housing or cap and for male connectors slip the protruding end of the calibration block into the circular bushing on the connector gage For precision 7mm female precision 3 5mm use the flat end of the gage calibration block Fo...

Page 190: ...e pointer still does not line up with the zero mark on the gage loosen the dial lock screw and turn the graduated dial until the gage pointer exactly lines up with zero Then retighten the lock screw Figure E 6 Using the connector gage NOTE Gages should be checked often to make sure that the zero setting has not changed Generally when the gage pointer on a gage that has been zeroed recently does no...

Page 191: ...or Hold the gage by the plunger barrel and slip the gage into the connector so that the gage plunger rests against the center conductor Carefully bring the gage into firm contact with the outer conductor mating plane Apply only enough pressure to the gage so that the gage pointer settles at a reading Gently rock the connector gage within the connector to make sure that the gage and the outer condu...

Page 192: ...o assure accurate measurements As you bring one connector up to the other and as you make the actual connection be alert for any sign that the two connectors are not aligned perfectly If you suspect that misalignment has occurred stop and begin again Alignment is especially important in the case of sexed connectors such as precision 3 5mm and SMA connectors to avoid bending or breaking the contact...

Page 193: ...ake a Preliminary Connection Align the two connectors carefully and engage the connector nut over the exposed connector sleeve threads on the other connector Gently turn the connector nut until a preliminary connection is made Let the connector nut pull the two connectors straight together Do not twist one connector body into the other as you might drive a screw or insert a light bulb as this is e...

Page 194: ...es pre set to the correct value for each connector type are included in many Agilent calibration kits and they are also available separately Torque settings are detailed in Table E 2 When using a torque wrench prevent rotation of anything other than the connector nut that is being tightened with the torque wrench Generally this is easy to do by hand all the more so if one of the connectors is fixe...

Page 195: ... in order to make the connection If necessary use the torque wrench or an open end wrench to start the process but leave the connection finger tight At all times support the devices and the connection to avoid putting lateral bending force on the connectors Complete the disconnection by disconnecting the connector nut completely Table E 2 Recommended Torque Settings Type Description Precision 7mm ...

Page 196: ... connectors pull the connectors straight apart and be especially careful not to twist the body of any device as you do so Twisting the connection can damage the connector by damaging the center conductors or the interior component parts to which the connectors themselves are attached It can also scrape the plating from the male contact pin or even in rare instances unscrew the male or female conta...

Page 197: ...ed or out of specification SMA connectors can destroy a precision 3 5mm connector even on the very first connection For this reason it is recommended that you use high quality precision adapters sometimes called connector savers whenever more than a few connections are to be made between SMA and precision 3 5mm connectors In most applications two adapters will be required one each at the input and...

Page 198: ... 3 5mm Precision 7mm female 3 5 mm Precision 7mm male 50Ω Type N Precision 7mm female 50Ω Type N Precision 3 5mm and SMA Male 3 5mm female 3 5mm Male 3 5mm female 3 5 mm Female 3 5mm female 3 5mm Precision 7mm male 3 5mm Precision 7mm female 3 5mm Connector saver male 3 5mm female 3 5 mm Connector saver male 3 5mm male 3 5mm ...

Page 199: ...lean Extend sleeve or connector nut Use plastic end caps during storage Touch mating plane surfaces Set connectors contact end down Visual Inspection DO DO NOT Inspect each connector carefully before every connection Look for metal particles scratches and dents Use a damaged connector EVER Cleaning DO DO NOT Try compressed air first Clean connector threads Use any abrasives Get liquid onto plastic...

Page 200: ...ors before first use Use an out of spec connector Making Connections DO DO NOT Align connectors carefully Make preliminary connection lightly Turn connector nut only to tighten Use a torque wrench for final connection Apply bending force to connection Overtighten preliminary connection Twist or screw in connectors Tighten past break point of torque wrench Table E 4 Principles of Microwave Connecto...

Page 201: ...This information is subject to change without notice Keysight Technologies 2001 2019 Edition 1 January 2019 www keysight com N8972 90083 ...

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