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Field-Replaceable Units (FRUs)

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JUNOSg 3.0 G10 CMTS Hardware Guide

6

Field-Replaceable Units (FRUs)

Field-replaceable units (FRUs) are CMTS components that can be replaced at the customer
site. Replacing FRUs requires minimal CMTS downtime. A FRU can be ordered as a separate
unit for replacement into the CMTS or for stocking spare parts.

Following is an alphabetical list of G10 CMTS FRUs. See “G10 CMTS Hardware Overview” on
page 10 for a description of each FRU.

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AC power supply

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AC power transition module

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Air management module

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Air management panel

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CCM Access Module

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Chassis

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Chassis Control Module

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DOCSIS Module

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DC power supply

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DC power transition module

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Front fan tray

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GBIC module

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Hard Disk Module

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HFC Connector Module

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NIC Module

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NIC Access Module

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NIC Access Module cable

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Power supply filler panel

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Rear fan tray

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Switched I/O Module (SIM)

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Summary of Contents for G10 CMTS

Page 1: ...Juniper Networks Inc 1194 North Mathilda Avenue Sunnyvale CA 94089 USA 408 745 2000 www juniper net Part Number 530 009111 01 Revision 1 G10 CMTS Hardware Guide Release 3 0 ...

Page 2: ...y Isaac Editor Stella Hackell Illustrations Paul Gilman Covers and template design Edmonds Design Revision History 14 May 2003 First Edition The information in this document is current as of the date listed in the revision history Juniper Networks assumes no responsibility for any inaccuracies in this document Juniper Networks reserves the right to change modify transfer or otherwise revise this p...

Page 3: ...apter 1 System Overview 3 System Description 3 Field Replaceable Units FRUs 6 G10 CMTS Features and Functions 7 Functional Overview 7 Broadband Cable Processor ASIC 7 G10 CMTS Components 8 G10 CMTS Management 10 G10 CMTS Hardware Overview 10 Chapter 2 Hardware Component Overview 19 Chassis 19 Physical Characteristics 20 Card Cage and Midplane 21 Chassis Versions 25 Power Supplies 26 Power Transiti...

Page 4: ...cs 44 Physical and Electrical Characteristics 44 Chassis Rear Modules 48 NIC Access Module 48 HFC Connector Module 50 Switched I O Module 53 Hard Disk Module 55 Chapter 3 System Architecture Overview 57 JUNOSg Internet Software Overview 57 Routing Engine Software Components 58 Routing Protocol Process 58 Routing Protocols 58 Routing and Forwarding Tables 59 Routing Policy 59 Interface Process 60 S...

Page 5: ...zation Tables 85 Verification of Shipping Cartons 89 G10 CMTS Installation Checklist 90 Chapter 5 Install the CMTS 93 Ground the Chassis 94 Rack Mounting 94 Install Power Supplies 101 Install a DOCSIS Module 103 Install an HFC Connector Module or SIM 105 Install a Chassis Control Module 108 Install a Hard Disk Module 108 Install a NIC Module 108 Install a NIC Access Module 108 Cable an HFC Connect...

Page 6: ...1 Features for Troubleshooting 141 Flap List 142 Use the Flap List for Troubleshooting 142 Local Event Log 145 Operational Commands 146 ServiceGuard Management System 147 CMTS Power and Booting Issues 148 CMTS Is Not Powering Up 148 CMTS Does Not Boot Successfully 148 CMTS Powers Down 149 Ideal HFC Plant Configuration Issues 150 Cable Modem Cannot Successfully Range 150 Cable Modem Cannot Establis...

Page 7: ...al 166 Remove a DOCSIS Module 166 Remove an HFC Connector Module or SIM 168 Remove a Chassis Control Module 169 Remove a Hard Disk Module 170 Remove a NIC Module 170 Remove a NIC Access Module 170 Part 4 Appendixes Appendix A Agency Certifications 173 Safety 173 EMC 174 Immunity 174 Appendix B Radio Frequency RF Specifications 175 Appendix C EIA Channel Plans 181 Part 5 Index Index Index 189 ...

Page 8: ... JUNOSg 3 0 G10 CMTS Hardware Guide viii ...

Page 9: ... SIM Rear Panel 54 Figure 21 Hard Disk Module Rear Panel 56 Figure 22 G10 CMTS Data Flow 64 Figure 23 Average Upstream Noise Measurement Example 84 Figure 24 Peak Upstream Noise Measurement Example 85 Figure 25 Air Flow Through Chassis 96 Figure 26 Bottom of Chassis 97 Figure 27 Lifting the Chassis 98 Figure 28 Rack Mounted Chassis 99 Figure 29 Rack Fully Populated with Three G10 CMTS Chassis 100 ...

Page 10: ...of Figures JUNOSg 3 0 G10 CMTS Hardware Guide x Figure 45 Front Fan Tray Replacement 164 Figure 46 Rear Fan Tray Replacement 165 Figure 47 DOCSIS Module Removal 167 Figure 48 HFC Connector Module Removal 169 ...

Page 11: ...Table 21 NIC Module LEDs 47 Table 22 NIC Access Module LEDs 48 Table 23 HFC Connector Module Fast Ethernet LEDs 50 Table 24 SIM Fast Ethernet Port LEDs 54 Table 25 G10 CMTS Environmental Specifications 72 Table 26 Coaxial Cable Requirements 75 Table 27 RF Plant HFC Environment Characterization 76 Table 28 Existing DOCSIS Service Characterization 77 Table 29 Upstream CMTS Parameter Characterization...

Page 12: ...Displayed 145 Table 47 Downstream RF Channel Transmission Characteristics 176 Table 48 Upstream RF Channel Transmission Characteristics 177 Table 49 Downstream RF Signal Output Characteristics 178 Table 50 DOCSIS Downstream Channel Rates and Spacing 178 Table 51 DOCSIS Maximum Upstream Channel Rates and Widths 179 Table 52 EIA Channel Plan 181 ...

Page 13: ... units FRUs After completing the installation and basic configuration procedures covered in this manual refer to the JUNOSg software configuration guides for information about further configuring the JUNOSg software To obtain additional information about Juniper Networks CMTSs either corrections to information in this manual or information that might have been omitted from this manual refer to the...

Page 14: ...nd cabling guidelines It also provides an overview of the installation process and lists safety precautions Finally it explains how to install the CMTS chassis and components and how to initially start the CMTS and configure the software Part 3 Troubleshooting and Maintenance describes general troubleshooting procedures for the CMTS cable modem operation and the HFC plant and explains how to track...

Page 15: ... the stub statement at the edit protocols ospf area area id hierarchy level In examples text that you type literally is shown in bold In the following example you type the words show chassis hardware For example you can use the following command to get information about the source of an alarm condition user host show chassis hardware Notes Cautions and Warnings Notes cautions and warnings are deno...

Page 16: ... 1 408 745 9500 from outside the United States Documentation Feedback We are always interested in hearing from our customers Please let us know what you like and do not like about the product documentation and let us know of any suggestions you have for improving the documentation Also let us know if you find any mistakes in the documentation Send your feedback and comments to techpubs comments ju...

Page 17: ... 1 Part 1 Product Overview System Overview on page 3 Hardware Component Overview on page 19 System Architecture Overview on page 57 ...

Page 18: ... JUNOSg 3 0 G10 CMTS Hardware Guide 2 ...

Page 19: ...ctions as the interface between the service networks Internet Public Switched Telephone Network PSTN and the hybrid fiber coax HFC network of subscribers as shown in Figure 1 on page 4 This is the last mile of broadband service with the CMTS typically located in the cable headend or distribution hub It is targeted at the following data and voice aggregation applications Large CATV hub sites DOCSIS...

Page 20: ... 0 G10 CMTS Hardware Guide 4 Figure 1 Typical CMTS Location Cable Headend or Distribution Hub Internet Backbone PSTN Video Servers Network Management Switch Router CMTS Subscribers Network Side Interface Hybrid Fiber Coax Network ...

Page 21: ...Server Facility Remote Dial Up Access Server Interactive Cable Gateway Remote Server Facility PSTN Broadcast Channels Satellite Fiber Cable Others Upconverter Upconverter Upconverter ATM Splitter Analog Video Digital Video Other Combiner 54 750 MHz 5 42 MHz Backbone Network Head End E O O E Coax Cable Network Termination Demod Mod Upconverters QAM Data Operations System Support Security Access Con...

Page 22: ...cking spare parts Following is an alphabetical list of G10 CMTS FRUs See G10 CMTS Hardware Overview on page 10 for a description of each FRU AC power supply AC power transition module Air management module Air management panel CCM Access Module Chassis Chassis Control Module DOCSIS Module DC power supply DC power transition module Front fan tray GBIC module Hard Disk Module HFC Connector Module NI...

Page 23: ...ropriate destinations through the network side interface The G10 CMTS s high capacity of up to 32 downstream and 128 upstream interfaces and other innovative features are provided by the Broadband Cable Processor ASIC application specific integrated circuit Broadband Cable Processor ASIC The Broadband Cable Processor ASIC provides all digital processing of the return path This plus advanced noise ...

Page 24: ...connectors for the HFC cabling Switched I O Module Provides the same functions as an HFC Connector Module but provides four additional upstream F connectors for the HFC cabling Chassis Control Module Provides the management interface and runs the Routing Engine software Controls redundant protection functions and supplies software images to all DOCSIS Modules Runs the Simple Network Management Pro...

Page 25: ...Module ca 0 10 0 ca 0 10 1 ca 0 10 2 ca 0 10 3 DOCSIS Module ca 0 11 0 ca 0 11 1 ca 0 11 2 ca 0 11 3 DOCSIS Module ca 0 12 0 ca 0 12 1 ca 0 12 2 ca 0 12 3 DOCSIS Module ca 0 13 0 ca 0 13 1 ca 0 13 2 ca 0 13 3 fxp0 Management Port NIC Module NIC Access Module Switch Element 3x Octal Fast Ethernet Switch Ports 2x Gigabit Ethernet Switch Ports NIC Module NIC Access Module Switch Element 3x Octal Fast...

Page 26: ...or microreflections G10 CMTS Hardware Overview This section provides an overview of the modules and various hardware components of the G10 CMTS and where they reside within the chassis This overview presents material that is specific to the installation and configuration of the G10 CMTS Figure 4 on page 11 illustrates a front view of a fully configured chassis Figure 5 on page 12 illustrates a fro...

Page 27: ...Power Fault Power Fault Power Fault Power Fault Power Fault Power Fault Power Fault Power Fault Front Fan Tray LED ESD Strap Jack Air Intake Eth0 1 2 Eth0 1 2 Front Fan Tray LED DOCSIS Module NIC Module Chassis Control Module Cable Guide Power Supply Power Supply Ejector Rail Module Ejector Rail ...

Page 28: ...Configured Chassis Power Fault Power Fault Power Fault Power Fault Power Fault Power Fault Power Fault ESD Strap Jack Power Supply Bay Power Supply Filler Panel Power Supply Midplane Air Management Module Power Supply Faceplate Card Guide Air Intake Faceplate Power Supply Faceplate Clip Power Fault ...

Page 29: ...INT FAULT OPERATIONAL POWER EXT FAULT INT FAULT OPERATIONAL POWER US 3 US 2 US 1 US 0 DS 3 DS 2 DS 1 DS 0 Eth1 Eth0 Eth1 US 3 US 2 US 1 US 0 DS 3 DS 2 DS 1 DS 0 Eth1 US 3 US 2 US 1 US 0 DS 3 DS 2 DS 1 DS 0 Eth0 Eth0 1 2 Eth1 US 3 US 2 US 1 US DS 3 DS 2 DS 1 DS 0 Eth0 0 1 2 1 2 Eth C O M Eth C O M Rear Fan Tray Cable Channel AC Power Receptacle AC Power Transition Module AC Power Switch Air Exhaust...

Page 30: ...MTS Hardware Guide 14 Figure 7 Rear View of Partially Configured Chassis Eth0 Eth1 US 3 US 2 US 1 US 0 DS 3 DS 2 DS 1 DS 0 EXT FAULT INT FAULT OPERATIONAL POWER 1 2 Eth0 Eth1 US 3 US 2 US 1 US 0 DS 3 DS 2 DS 1 DS 0 Air Management Panel C O M Eth ...

Page 31: ...Module HFC Connector Module or SIM Midplane Front Rear NIC Access Module 5 6 4 3 2 1 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 with logical slot numbers NIC Module NIC Access Module Hard Disk Module Hard Disk Module HFC Connector Module or SIM HFC Connector Module or SIM HFC Connector Module or SIM HFC Connector Module or SIM HFC Connector Module or SIM HFC Connector Module or SIM HFC Connector Module or SIM Slots 1 thro...

Page 32: ...t forces air upward through the front of the chassis Front fan tray LED LED that shows the status of the front fan tray Power supply ejector rail Rail into which the power supply ejector tabs fit when a power supply is installed in a bay Midplane Passive electrical interconnecting device for all modules in the chassis Air management module Module installed in an unused module slot to redirect the ...

Page 33: ...ugh the rear of the chassis Rear fan tray LED LED that shows the status of the rear fan tray Air management panel Panel installed over an unused module slot to redirect the air flow through the chassis and to reduce EMI emissions Air exhaust Panel along the top and rear of the chassis where air is expelled from the chassis for cooling AC power transition module Rear module that distributes the ext...

Page 34: ...G10 CMTS Hardware Overview JUNOSg 3 0 G10 CMTS Hardware Guide 18 ...

Page 35: ...e and Midplane on page 21 Chassis Versions on page 25 Power Supplies on page 26 Power Transition Modules on page 28 Cooling and Fans on page 29 The chassis is a rack mountable 19 inch wide 13 U high housing that contains the modules power supplies and fans The chassis accepts CompactPCI standard modules that conform to dimensions specified in IEEE Standard 1101 1 1998 The use of a midplane as the ...

Page 36: ...s Chassis physical and environmental specifications are provided in Table 1 on page 20 and Table 2 on page 21 The G10 CMTS chassis is constructed of plated sheet metal It fits into a 19 inch equipment rack that complies with EIA standard RS 310 C You can install the chassis into a 23 inch EIA rack by attaching additional mounting brackets to the sides of the chassis Additional rail and bracket mou...

Page 37: ...ide design covering two columns The Chassis Control Modules and Hard Disk Modules are a 4 HP single wide design Midplane slot 8 is not used This is reflected in the slot numbering scheme The midplane extends the width of the chassis and the height of the chassis minus the top and bottom air chambers Specification Value Ambient temperature range operational 0 to 40 C 0 to 104 F Ambient temperature ...

Page 38: ...P5 provide the pass through interconnection between the modules in the front and rear of the chassis Connectors P1 and P2 support the cPCI bus The major signals carried by the connectors are described in Table 4 Table 4 Midplane P1 P5 Connectors Connector Function P1 and P2 cPCI bus P3 I2 C bus Ethernet to from HFC Connector Module or SIM Synchronization and reference clocks Power and ground P4 an...

Page 39: ...5 P4 P3 P2 P1 Fan Connectors 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 PS1 PS2 PS3 PS4 PS5 PS6 PS7 PS8 PS9 PS10 Power Supply Connectors cPCI Bus Domain A Pwr Supply Domain A Pwr Supply Domain B cPCI Bus Domain B Rear View P5 P4 P3 Fan Connectors 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Power Distribution Connectors ...

Page 40: ...clocks and bus arbitration signals are routed to these system slots Continuity of the bus across the midplane is accomplished by the two cPCI buses extending beyond their system slots to connect with the system slot of the other domain as shown in Figure 10 on page 25 The electrical connection of the Chassis Control Module to both buses is controlled by a PCI to PCI bridge in the module Domain Slo...

Page 41: ...external NIC Access Module cables Ability to read the chassis version with the show chassis hardware detail command Midplane Slot Numbers front view 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 9 10 11 12 13 DOCSIS Module DOCSIS Module DOCSIS Module DOCSIS Module DOCSIS Module DOCSIS Module DOCSIS Module DOCSIS Module NIC Module NIC Module Chassis Control Module Chassis Control Module Domain A Domain B Comm Channel Host Control...

Page 42: ...see Figure 4 on page 11 and plug into the PS1 through PS10 connectors on the midplane see Figure 9 on page 23 Power supplies are hot swappable Since a power supply is half the depth of the other modules in the front of the card cage the power supplies sit recessed in the chassis bay A removable faceplate installs over the front opening The power supply front panel contains two indicator LEDs POWER...

Page 43: ...mum from the power supplies The aggregate power output from all voltage levels is 200 watts per power supply Other electrical characteristics are provided in Table 7 on page 28 Input Range 100 240V 200W Hot Swap The CMTS components do not consume their maximum power at the same time Therefore the CMTS maximum power requirement is less than the sum of the maximum power consumed by each component in...

Page 44: ... of redundant power supplies power transition modules and power sources All G10 CMTS systems are shipped with two power transition modules installed one per domain to implement power transition module redundancy This also facilitates power source redundancy You must supply power from different circuits to each power transition module to implement power source redundancy Each AC module has a double...

Page 45: ...hresholds cannot be changed by a user However you can set user defined temperature thresholds by including the temperature threshold statement at the edit chassis hierarchy level see the JUNOSg Software Configuration Guide Getting Started and System Management for more information The chassis directs the air flow upward through the card cage then past the power supplies and power transition module...

Page 46: ...DOCSIS Module JUNOSg 3 0 G10 CMTS Hardware Guide 30 Figure 12 DOCSIS Module Front Panel HotSwap ...

Page 47: ...advanced timing algorithms The DOCSIS Module also has other innovations to achieve high levels of density and performance It combines the high density Broadband Cable Processor ASIC with four 500 MHz MPC7410 processors for high performance network edge processing in an asymmetric multiprocessing architecture The 60x system bus connecting the MPC7410 processors has a data rate of 8 Gbps This module...

Page 48: ...yers for DOCSIS 1 1 and EuroDOCSIS 1 1 compliance Figure 14 on page 33 illustrates these functions See the DOCSIS specifications for more details Modem Broadband Cable Processor ASIC Dual PCI Bridge Memory Controller SDRAM Bridge cCPI Midplane Flash Memory Timer NVRAM 100Base T Traffic Port 100Base T 100Base T Traffic Port Mgmt Port Security Proc Upconverter Packet Scheduling and Management Proces...

Page 49: ...erface Network side interface NSI IP data and VoIP interfaces Classifier Packet Header Suppression Frame Generator Encryption Frame Parser Defragment Deconcatenate Decrypt MPEG Groomer MAC Layer PHY Layer Higher Layers DTC Sublayer PMD Sublayer Upconverter Modem Downstream Downstream Upstream Upstream MPEG VoIP Packet Filtering De encapsulator Forwarding Higher Layer Functions Network Layer Protoc...

Page 50: ... and RF management functions Performs resource allocation scheduling of requests service flows QoS and other items Handles cable modem and service flow admission control Physical Layer Functions The DOCSIS Module provides the following physical layer functions Downstream transmission convergence DTC sublayer Manages the use of internal or external clock in MPEG transport stream inserts timestamp E...

Page 51: ...nt functions Registration of cable modems by service identifier SID assignments and recording time and address failures Ranging by adjusting timing offset transmit power carrier frequency and transmit equalizer taps Enhanced Routing and Bridging Features The DOCSIS Module provides the following enhanced routing and bridging features that provide additional value to MSOs Simultaneous IP routing Lay...

Page 52: ...perational Characteristics Table 10 DOCSIS Module LEDs Dimension Value Height 233 mm 9 2 in card 262 mm 10 3 in 6 U front panel Width 40 mm 1 6 in front panel width Depth 340 mm 13 4 in excluding front panel and cPCI connectors Characteristic Downstream Upstream Frequency Range 91 through 857 MHz 5 42 MHz Power level 50 through 61 dBmV adjustable 8 to 55 dBmV 16QAM 8 to 58 dBmV QPSK Modulation 64Q...

Page 53: ...h boot server on Chassis Control Module Green Obtained boot instructions from Chassis Control Module 4 Red Yellow Green Red Operating system image loaded for CPU2 Yellow Control transferred to CPU2 operating system Green Operating system initialization completed successfully on CPU2 5 Red Yellow Green Red Waiting to establishing link layer connectivity with Chassis Control Module Yellow Waiting to...

Page 54: ...m a remote location The Fast Ethernet port Eth0 is used for this purpose For connecting to the Chassis Control Module locally use the Eth0 port or the RS 232 COM port on the front panel All DOCSIS Modules can be managed through the Chassis Control Module The primary functions of the Chassis Control Module are as follows Store and report configuration and alarm status on DOCSIS Modules and itself S...

Page 55: ... Hardware Component Overview Chassis Control Module 39 Figure 15 Chassis Control Module Front Panel Eth0 ...

Page 56: ... memory and tables Polling occurs at regular intervals to keep the data current The Chassis Control Module collects and stores events from itself and the DOCSIS Modules within the local event log It uses this information to control the LEDs and provides this data to management applications The Chassis Control Module monitors the power supplies for the failure and degraded performance signals that ...

Page 57: ...Reset Depress for 2 sec Soft reset Module is reinitialized Depress for 2 sec Hard reset All module components except Host Controller are reset LED Label Color Function Minor Green On Event of priority Warning Notice Information or Critical has occurred Major Amber On Event of priority Error has occurred Crit Red On Event of priority Emergency Alert or Critical has occurred Run Green Red Green Modu...

Page 58: ...connections less than 100 meters The version of the NIC Module installed is determined by the GBIC Gigabit Interface Converter modules you have installed The GBIC module houses the network connectors and associated interface circuitry These modules are field replaceable units The NIC Module also provides Fast Ethernet switch ports that can be used in conjunction with the GBIC connectors They are a...

Page 59: ... Hardware Component Overview NIC Module 43 Figure 16 NIC Module Front Panel GB1 GB0 PULL G B I C G B I C CLK PWR RTM OK ...

Page 60: ...266 MHz MPC8240 processor and contains a 64 MB SDRAM buffer 32 MB of system memory and a 32 5 MB flash memory all delivering 6 6 million pps switching capacity Physical and Electrical Characteristics This section describes the physical dimensions electrical characteristics and components of the front panel See Table 15 on page 44 through Table 21 on page 47 The NIC Modules install from the front a...

Page 61: ...in Data format 8B 10B Average receive power 25 5 dBm min 1 dBm max Connector Duplex SC Regulatory Class 1 devices per FDA CDRH and IEC 825 1 laser safety regulations Parameter Value Transmitter type Longwave laser 1310 nm Range 10 Km Data rate nominal 1 0625 to 1 250 Gbps Average launch power 8 dBm min 3 dBm max Transmitter extinction ratio 9 dB min Data format 8B 10B Average receive power 19 dBm ...

Page 62: ...m MMF 9 5 dBm min 5 dBm max Transmitter extinction ratio 9 dB min Data format 8B 10B Average receive sensitivity 22 dBm typical 20 5 dBm max Connector Duplex SC Total Tx jitter contribution 45 psec typical Total Tx Rx jitter contribution 50 psec typical Output rise fall time 120 psec typical Regulatory Class 1 devices per FDA CDRH and IEC 825 1 laser safety regulations Parameter Value Data rate 10...

Page 63: ...is on during power up RTM Green On Continuity is established with NIC Access Module Rear Transition Module LED is on during power up OK Green On Successful initialization of module completed LED is off during power up and on after initialization is completed EXT FLT Amber On One or more of the FE or GE ports is enabled but unused LED is on during power up INT FLT Amber On Failure detected in the m...

Page 64: ...ernet frames to and from the NIC Module The module has two RJ 21 connectors A NIC Access Module cable plugs into each connector and fans out to 12 individual lines with RJ 45 connectors Eight of the RJ 45 connectors from the NIC Access Module cable plugged into connector 1 mate with the HFC Connector Modules or SIMs within the same chassis domain The NIC Access Module cable plugged into connector ...

Page 65: ... Hardware Component Overview Chassis Rear Modules 49 Figure 17 NIC Access Module Front Panel EXT FAULT INT FAULT OPERATIONAL POWER 2 1 ...

Page 66: ... Access Module IP data is then passed to the DOCSIS Module for processing into DOCSIS frames then into an MPEG stream The MPEG stream is modulated onto the RF carrier signal and routed back to the HFC Connector Module through the midplane for downstream distribution through the F connectors to the HFC network Upstream data follows the path in reverse order starting with data coming into the upstre...

Page 67: ... Hardware Component Overview Chassis Rear Modules 51 Figure 18 HFC Connector Module Rear Panel Eth0 Eth1 US 3 US 2 US 1 US 0 DS 3 DS 2 DS 1 DS 0 ...

Page 68: ...HFC Connector Module HFC Connector Module DOCSIS Module DOCSIS Module Ethernet Ethernet Ethernet DOCSIS DOCSIS Downstream Downstream Upstream Upstream Hybrid Fiber Coax Network Side Interface Midplane 10 100BASE T IP Data Downstream RF DOCSIS Frames in MPEG Stream Gigabit Ethernet IP Data Upstream Data Bursts in TDMA ...

Page 69: ... The SIM receives downstream IP data from the NIC Access Module IP data is then passed to the DOCSIS Module for processing into DOCSIS frames then into an MPEG stream The MPEG stream is modulated onto the RF carrier signal and routed back to the SIM through the midplane for downstream distribution through the F connectors to the HFC network Upstream data follows the path in reverse order starting ...

Page 70: ...OSg 3 0 G10 CMTS Hardware Guide 54 Table 24 SIM Fast Ethernet Port LEDs Figure 20 SIM Rear Panel LED Function Green On Link is present Off Link is not present Blinking Activity on link Amber On 100Base T mode Off 10Base T mode ...

Page 71: ... nonvolatile memory implemented as a hard disk There must be one Hard Disk Module for each Chassis Control Module It installs opposite the Chassis Control Module in slot 6 or 7 The Hard Disk Module is keyed so that it can be installed only in slots 6 and 7 The serial port COM is identical to the serial port on the Chassis Control Module and can be used as a local management port The Fast Ethernet ...

Page 72: ...Chassis Rear Modules JUNOSg 3 0 G10 CMTS Hardware Guide 56 Figure 21 Hard Disk Module Rear Panel C O M Eth ...

Page 73: ...vides the communication among all the processes and has a direct link to the Packet Forwarding Engine software You use the JUNOSg software to configure the routing protocols that run on the CMTS and properties of the interfaces in the CMTS After you have activated a software configuration you can use the software to monitor the protocol traffic passing through the CMTS and to troubleshoot protocol...

Page 74: ...ng information that is transferred between the routing protocols and the routing table Using routing policy you can filter routing information so that only some of it is transferred and you also can set properties associated with the routes For complete information about the routing protocol process including routing protocols routing and forwarding tables routing policy and interfaces see the JUN...

Page 75: ...xplicitly configured For the routing table you can affect the routes that a protocol places into the table and the routes from the table that the protocol advertises by defining one or more routing policies and then applying them to the specific routing protocol Routing policies applied when the routing protocol places routes into the routing table are called import policies because the routes are...

Page 76: ...1 2 and 3 which provides a mechanism for monitoring the state of the CMTS This software is controlled by the JUNOSg SNMP and MIB II processes which consist of an SNMP master agent and a MIB II agent Management Process Within the JUNOSg software a management process starts and monitors all the other software processes as well as the command line interface CLI which is the primary tool you use to co...

Page 77: ...bleshoot the software routing protocols network connectivity and hardware by running commands from the CLI The CLI provides commands that let you display information in the routing table display routing protocol specific information and check network connectivity using the ping and traceroute commands The JUNOSg software includes Simple Network Management Protocol SNMP software which allows you to...

Page 78: ...gured and applied a subscriber management input filter the packet is evaluated based on the filter configuration and is either dropped or passed 3 If the packet is not dropped by the input filter it is classified to an ingress logical interface unit and either bridged Layer 2 or forwarded Layer 3 depending on the configuration of the ingress unit to the egress unit 4 The packet is classified to a ...

Page 79: ...orwarded Layer 3 depending on the configuration of the ingress unit to the egress unit 3 If you have configured and applied a subscriber management or IEEE 802 1 output filter the packet is evaluated based on the filter configuration and is either dropped or passed 4 If the packet is not dropped by the output filter it is sent to QoS processing where it is ordered and scheduled based on its QoS pa...

Page 80: ...e 22 G10 CMTS Data Flow NIC Module NIC Access Module HFC Connector Module or SIM DOCSIS Module Hybrid Fiber Coax Network Side Interface Midplane IP Data IP Data DOCSIS Data DOCSIS Data Chassis Control Module Hard Disk Module Management Ports Management Data G10 CMTS ...

Page 81: ... 65 Part 2 Initial Installation Prepare the Site on page 67 Install the CMTS on page 93 Connect the Power and Perform Initial Configuration on page 123 ...

Page 82: ... JUNOSg 3 0 G10 CMTS Hardware Guide 66 ...

Page 83: ... engineers All the steps required to successfully install the G10 CMTS are summarized at the end of this chapter in Table 38 on page 90 The topics in this chapter include Safety Precautions on page 68 Notices on page 70 Power on page 71 Environment on page 72 Mounting on page 73 Tools and Equipment Required for Installation on page 74 Coaxial Cable Requirements on page 75 Characterization of Insta...

Page 84: ... or power supplies to the G10 CMTS prior to mounting it in a rack First mount the system into the rack with its original contents as shipped then install additional components after the G10 CMTS is securely mounted to its rack Never attempt to move the G10 CMTS while any cables or power cords are still connected Ensure that any loose articles of clothing are well clear of the fan trays prior to po...

Page 85: ...oes not readily mate with ease Having to apply an unusual amount of force might indicate that electrical leads are bent and damaged or that an improper connection is being attempted Ensure that the G10 CMTS chassis is properly grounded to earth prior to connecting any source of power See Ground the Chassis on page 94 for more details Before handling any G10 CMTS module always wear an ESD ground st...

Page 86: ...Do not operate the G10 CMTS without the front and rear fan trays that are shipped with the system Do not apply torque to screws that is below or above the specifications provided herein Notices This equipment is intended only for installation in a restricted access location within a building This equipment is intended for indoor use only This equipment does not have a direct copper connection to t...

Page 87: ...ules Operation is subject to the following two conditions 1 This device may not cause harmful interference and 2 this device must accept any interference received including interference that may cause undesired operation The G10 CMTS chassis midplane is electrically partitioned into A and B domains To support power redundancy you must supply power from different circuits to each power transition m...

Page 88: ...e must have circuit breaker protection to account for a maximum current of 36 A plus additional margin required by local regulations Use the factory supplied DC power cord ring lugs and wire according to your local code for the DC power cord connection to the G10 CMTS Environment The installation site must meet the specifications provided in Table 25 to maintain the proper environmental conditions...

Page 89: ...of the CMTS You can mount additional equipment directly on either the top or the bottom of the CMTS without impacting system ventilation We recommend that you maintain proper clearance to the front and rear of the mounting rack so that the CMTS can be easily accessed during maintenance The recommended clearance to the front and rear of the chassis is 3 feet and 2 feet We recommend that you rack mo...

Page 90: ...wdriver M5 Phillips torque screwdriver 10 Phillips torque screwdriver 10 flathead torque screwdriver 12 Phillips torque screwdriver 7 16 in torque wrench 22 10 AWG crimper cutter stripper In addition you might need the following supplies RF cables and adapters Ethernet cables with RJ 45 connectors You need the following equipment to configure the G10 CMTS and verify that the RF system has been set...

Page 91: ... center conductor diameter than the original cable for example replacing an RG 6 cable with an RG 59U the smaller RG 59U cable conductor might not make adequate contact with an F connector which can potentially lead to a partial or complete loss of the signal Characterization of Installation Site You need to characterize several parameters associated with the installation site prior to the install...

Page 92: ... ____ average Homes passed per node ____ max ____ average Total homes passed by installation site Node combining ratio per port ___ 1 upstream ___ 1 downstream Average upstream noise measurement see note below ____ dB Peak upstream noise measurement see note below ____ dB Passive loss from upstream receiver to CMTS ____ dB Maximum tap value used ____ dB Maximum tap output level at highest frequenc...

Page 93: ...am RF bandwidth allocated ____ MHz max ____ MHz min Downstream modulation type ____ 64QAM ____256QAM Downstream output signal level relative to analog video ____ dB Downstream measured C N ____ dB DOSCIS carrier ____ dB Analog video carrier Downstream interleave depth setting ___ of taps ____ increments 2nd DOCSIS Service Upstream RF bandwidth allocated ____ MHz max ____ MHz min Upstream modulatio...

Page 94: ...0 _ QPSK _ 16QAM CH1 _ QPSK _ 16QAM CH2 _ QPSK _ 16QAM CH3 _ QPSK _ 16QAM CH4 _ QPSK _ 16QAM CH5 _ QPSK _ 16QAM CH6 _ QPSK _ 16QAM CH7 _ QPSK _ 16QAM CH8 _ QPSK _ 16QAM CH9 _ QPSK _ 16QAM CH10 _ QPSK _ 16QAM CH11 _ QPSK _ 16QAM CH12 _ QPSK _ 16QAM CH13 _ QPSK _ 16QAM CH14 _ QPSK _ 16QAM CH15 Channel width where applicable Circle the applicable unit ____ kHz MHz CH 0 ____ kHz MHz CH 1 ____ kHz MHz ...

Page 95: ..._ MHz CH 12 ____ MHz CH 13 ____ MHz CH 14 ____ MHz CH 15 ____ MHz CH 0 ____ MHz CH 1 ____ MHz CH 2 ____ MHz CH 3 ____ MHz CH 4 ____ MHz CH 5 ____ MHz CH 6 ____ MHz CH 7 ____ MHz CH 8 ____ MHz CH 9 ____ MHz CH 10 ____ MHz CH 11 ____ MHz CH 12 ____ MHz CH 13 ____ MHz CH 14 ____ MHz CH 15 ____ MHz CH 0 ____ MHz CH 1 ____ MHz CH 2 ____ MHz CH 3 ____ MHz CH 4 ____ MHz CH 5 ____ MHz CH 6 ____ MHz CH 7 _...

Page 96: ...___ 1 Interface frequency allocated ____ MHz ____ MHz ____ MHz ____ MHz Modulation type _ 64QAM _256QAM _ 64QAM _256QAM _ 64QAM _256QAM _ 64QAM _256QAM Output signal level relative to analog video ____ dB ____ dB ____ dB ____ dB Required interface output level ____ dBmV ____ dBmV ____ dBmV ____ dBmV Interleave depth setting ___ I of taps ___ J increments ___ I of taps ___ J increments ___ I of tap...

Page 97: ...Utilization 5 6 MHz 24 25 MHz 6 7 MHz 25 26 MHz 7 8 MHz 26 27 MHz 8 9 MHz 27 28 MHz 9 10 MHz 28 29 MHz 10 11 MHz 29 30 MHz 11 12 MHz 30 31 MHz 12 13 MHz 31 32 MHz 13 14 MHz 32 33 MHz 14 15 MHz 33 34 MHz 15 16 MHz 34 35 MHz 16 17 MHz 35 36 MHz 17 18 MHz 36 37 MHz 18 19 MHz 37 38 MHz 19 20 MHz 38 39 MHz 20 21 MHz 39 40 MHz 21 22 MHz 40 41 MHz 22 23 MHz 41 42 MHz 23 24 MHz ...

Page 98: ... sources for CMTS A and B domains DC Power DC input supply operates within range of 36 to 75 VDC Appropriate circuit protection in place for compliance with area electric regulations Separate DC input power supply sources for CMTS A and B domains Environment Ambient temperature conditions satisfied Ambient humidity conditions satisfied Altitude conditions satisfied Vibration conditions satisfied M...

Page 99: ...f 10 percent of the nodes terminated at the installation site Table 33 provides the appropriate setup configuration settings for the HP 8591C spectrum analyzer Table 33 Average Noise Spectrum Analyzer Settings 1 Connect the spectrum analyzer to the selected upstream signal at the upstream splitter or at the CMTS upstream port 2 Configure the spectrum analyzer using the values defined in Table 33 3...

Page 100: ...riate setup configuration settings for the HP 8591C spectrum analyzer Table 34 Peak Noise Spectrum Analyzer Setup 1 Connect the spectrum analyzer to the selected upstream signal at the upstream splitter or at the CMTS upstream port 2 Configure the spectrum analyzer using the values defined in Table 34 3 Start the measurement After completing the measurement the analyzer display should resemble Fig...

Page 101: ...le Additional Characterization Tables If the installation site supports more than two DOCSIS services you can record the characterization of the additional services in Table 35 In addition if the CMTS configuration includes more than one DOCSIS Module you can use Table 36 and Table 37 to record the data ...

Page 102: ...ative to analog video ____ dB Downstream measured C N ____ dB DOSCIS carrier ____ dB Analog video carrier Downstream interleave depth setting ___ of taps ____ increments ____ DOCSIS Service Upstream RF bandwidth allocated ____ MHz max ____ MHz min Upstream modulation type ____ QPSK ____ 16QAM Upstream input level expected at CMTS ____ dBmV FEC enabled If yes FEC level parameters T and K ____ yes _...

Page 103: ... 16QAM CH1 _ QPSK _ 16QAM CH2 _ QPSK _ 16QAM CH3 _ QPSK _ 16QAM CH4 _ QPSK _ 16QAM CH5 _ QPSK _ 16QAM CH6 _ QPSK _ 16QAM CH7 _ QPSK _ 16QAM CH8 _ QPSK _ 16QAM CH9 _ QPSK _ 16QAM CH10 _ QPSK _ 16QAM CH11 _ QPSK _ 16QAM CH12 _ QPSK _ 16QAM CH13 _ QPSK _ 16QAM CH14 _ QPSK _ 16QAM CH15 Channel width where applicable Circle the applicable unit ____ kHz MHz CH 0 ____ kHz MHz CH 1 ____ kHz MHz CH 2 ____ ...

Page 104: ... 11 ____ MHz CH 12 ____ MHz CH 13 ____ MHz CH 14 ____ MHz CH 15 ____ MHz CH 0 ____ MHz CH 1 ____ MHz CH 2 ____ MHz CH 3 ____ MHz CH 4 ____ MHz CH 5 ____ MHz CH 6 ____ MHz CH 7 ____ MHz CH 8 ____ MHz CH 9 ____ MHz CH 10 ____ MHz CH 11 ____ MHz CH 12 ____ MHz CH 13 ____ MHz CH 14 ____ MHz CH 15 ____ MHz CH 0 ____ MHz CH 1 ____ MHz CH 2 ____ MHz CH 3 ____ MHz CH 4 ____ MHz CH 5 ____ MHz CH 6 ____ MHz...

Page 105: ...pment Verify that the contents are identical to the contents listed on the accessory kit packing lists 6 Install the power supply faceplate included in the shipment by aligning its four ball studs with the four power supply faceplate clips and pressing the faceplate towards the chassis until it snaps into place If you will install additional power supplies this step can be deferred 7 Install the a...

Page 106: ... page 94 Attach the earth ground strap to the chassis Ensure proper ventilation clearance surrounding the G10 CMTS page 94 Install an equipment shelf in the rack If applicable install the rack mounting brackets Slide the chassis onto the shelf and mount it to the rack Attach the earth ground strap to earth ground Install Power Supplies Remove the power supply faceplate page 101 Determine the bay i...

Page 107: ...stream ports of the module page 109 Connect each of the four downstream ports to its respective node Connect each of the four upstream ports to its respective node Dress all cables appropriately Cable a Chassis Control Module Thread the Ethernet cable through the cable channel from the rear of the chassis page 113 Connect the RJ 45 connector of the Ethernet cable to the Eth0 port on the Chassis Co...

Page 108: ... supply LEDs power supply faceplate must be removed then replaced Check front and rear fan tray LEDs Check all DOCSIS Module LEDs Check all Chassis Control Module LEDs Check all NIC Module LEDs Power On and Configure the PC Power on the PC launch the asynchronous terminal emulation application and establish a direct serial connection with the Chassis Control Module page 127 Check for correct boot ...

Page 109: ...n page 94 Install Power Supplies on page 101 Install a DOCSIS Module on page 103 Install an HFC Connector Module or SIM on page 105 Install a Chassis Control Module on page 108 Install a Hard Disk Module on page 108 Install a NIC Module on page 108 Install a NIC Access Module on page 108 Cable an HFC Connector Module or SIM on page 109 Cable a Chassis Control Module on page 113 Cable a NIC Module ...

Page 110: ...ap will be attached to earth ground after the chassis is rack mounted Rack Mounting This section describes the process for rack mounting the G10 CMTS into an EIA standard 19 inch rack The mounting brackets are compatible with either of the following racks Standard 1 3 4 EIA wide 1 1 4 1 2 1 1 4 12 24 tapped Standard 2 EIA wide 1 1 12 24 tapped The G10 CMTS is shipped from the factory with mounting...

Page 111: ...will be front rack mounted jump ahead to step 5 If the chassis will be mid rack mounted proceed to step 4 4 Remove the seven screws fastening the mounting brackets to the front of the chassis align the brackets with the corresponding hole patterns in the center of the chassis and insert the seven screws into the chassis Apply 20 in lb of torque to each of the seven screws In general when more than...

Page 112: ...Rack Mounting JUNOSg 3 0 G10 CMTS Hardware Guide 96 Figure 25 Air Flow Through Chassis ...

Page 113: ... mounting rails of the rack and the mounting holes in the mounting brackets are aligned with the corresponding holes in the mounting rails 7 Using the 12 screws supplied in the accessory kit up to six for each mounting bracket fasten the chassis to the rack by applying 30 in lb of torque to each of the screws see Figure 28 on page 99 Do not completely tighten any screw to its torque specification ...

Page 114: ...Rack Mounting JUNOSg 3 0 G10 CMTS Hardware Guide 98 Figure 27 Lifting the Chassis Power Fault Power Fault Power Fault Power Fault Power Fault Power Fault Power Fault Power Fault ...

Page 115: ... Install the CMTS Rack Mounting 99 Figure 28 Rack Mounted Chassis Power Fault Power Fault Power Fault Power Fault Power Fault Power Fault Power Fault Power Fault Eth0 Eth0 1 2 1 2 ...

Page 116: ...Rack Mounting JUNOSg 3 0 G10 CMTS Hardware Guide 100 Figure 29 Rack Fully Populated with Three G10 CMTS Chassis ...

Page 117: ...upply with the bay card guides and slowly slide the power supply into the bay until it comes to a stop action 1 in Figure 30 on page 102 The inside tabs the tabs closest to midplane of the ejector should be resting over the power supply ejector rail 5 Firmly lift the ejector to the vertical position until the ejector release clicks into position action 2 in Figure 30 Check that the inside tabs of ...

Page 118: ...Install Power Supplies JUNOSg 3 0 G10 CMTS Hardware Guide 102 Figure 30 Power Supply Installation 1 2 ...

Page 119: ...th the slot numbers To install a DOCSIS Module follow this procedure 1 If applicable remove the air management module from the slot Loosen the two retainer screws then press upward and downward on the ejector releases action 1 in Figure 31 on page 104 Simultaneously pull the ejectors away from the module faceplate action 2 in Figure 31 and slowly slide the module out of its slot until it is fully ...

Page 120: ...Install a DOCSIS Module JUNOSg 3 0 G10 CMTS Hardware Guide 104 6 Tighten the two retainer screws by applying 3 in lb of torque to each screw Figure 31 Air Management Module Removal 2 1 1 2 3 ...

Page 121: ... from the slot by loosening the two self contained screws at the top and bottom of each panel 2 Remove the module from its anti static bag being careful to avoid directly touching any component on the module We recommend that you handle the module by by its card edges or ejectors 1 2 2 Unlike a DOCSIS Module the ejectors on a rear module lock in the horizontal position 90 from the faceplate when t...

Page 122: ...p action 1 in Figure 33 on page 107 The inside tabs tabs closest to midplane of the upper and lower ejectors should be resting directly under and over the module ejector rail 5 Simultaneously push the ejectors toward the module faceplate until they are horizontal and each ejector clicks into position The module faceplate should be flush with the faceplate of any other adjacent module 6 Tighten the...

Page 123: ... Install the CMTS Install an HFC Connector Module or SIM 107 Figure 33 HFC Connector Module Installation Eth0 Eth1 US 3 US 2 US 1 US 0 DS 3 DS 2 DS 1 DS 0 1 2 2 ...

Page 124: ...dules while the NIC Module is installed in the chassis To install a NIC Module follow this procedure 1 Follow the same procedure described in Install a DOCSIS Module on page 103 If you will be using a GBIC module interface other than multimode proceed to step 2 Otherwise you have completed the installation of the NIC Module 2 Remove each multimode GBIC module by squeezing the metal clasps at the t...

Page 125: ...nding on the DOCSIS Module model which can be allocated to any of the four physical upstream ports US0 through US3 Figure 34 illustrates an example where the number of interfaces allocated on each port is five three seven and one You should consider the assignment of a node to a port and the allocation of upstream interfaces to upstream ports prior to connecting the coaxial cables from the cable p...

Page 126: ...ial cables associated with the second third and fourth nodes to the F connectors labeled DS1 DS2 and DS3 on the HFC Connector Module or the SIM To cable the upstream ports follow this procedure 1 Select the first node in the cable plant for assignment to the first of four upstream ports 2 Connect the coaxial cable associated with the first node to the F connector labeled US0 on the HFC Connector M...

Page 127: ...or Module or SIM to the NIC Access Module When connecting nodes to the upstream ports of an HFC Connector Module or SIM do not split a coaxial cable from one node and attach it to more than one upstream port Doing so prevents you from using the complete features of a DOCSIS Module that are designed for supporting four separate nodes or four groups of nodes that are combined Both Fast Ethernet port...

Page 128: ...C DS 1 DS 0 Eth0 Eth1 US D US C US B US 0 DS D DS C DS 1 DS 0 Eth0 Eth1 US 3 US 2 US 1 US 0 DS 3 DS 2 DS 1 DS 0 EXT FAULT INT FAULT OPERATIONAL POWER EXT FAULT INT FAULT OPERATIONAL POWER Eth1 Eth1 US D US C US B US A DS D DS C DS B DS A Eth1 Eth1 US D US C US B US A DS D DS C DS B DS A Eth1 Eth1 US D US C US B US 0 DS D DS C DS 1 DS 0 Eth0 Eth1 US 3 US 2 US 1 US 0 DS 3 DS 2 DS 1 DS 0 Eth C O M Et...

Page 129: ... NIC Module The NIC Module contains two full duplex Gigabit Ethernet GBIC transceiver ports on its front panel See NIC Module on page 42 for the specifications of the various types of GBIC interfaces provided To connect the network cables to the Gigabit Ethernet ports follow this procedure see Figure 16 on page 43 for port labeling 1 Carefully thread each of the two cables into the cable channel f...

Page 130: ...Cable a NIC Module JUNOSg 3 0 G10 CMTS Hardware Guide 114 Figure 36 NIC Module Cabling Front View Power Fault Power Fault Power Fault Power Fault Power Fault Power Fault Power Fault Power Fault ...

Page 131: ...rque to each of the screws 4 Locate the PORT 5 and PORT 6 connectors of the NIC Access Module cable and plug them into the Eth0 and Eth1 ports of the HFC Connector Module or SIM in slot 1 see Figure 18 on page 51 and Figure 20 on page 54 for port labeling If an HFC Connector Module or SIM is installed in slot 2 proceed to step 5 otherwise proceed to step 15 5 Locate the PORT 7 and PORT 8 connector...

Page 132: ... the Eth0 and Eth1 ports of the HFC Connector Module or SIM in slot 11 If an HFC Connector Module or SIM is installed in slot 12 proceed to step 13 otherwise proceed to step 15 13 Locate the PORT 9 and PORT 10 connectors of the NIC Access Module cable and plug them into the Eth0 and Eth1 ports of the HFC Connector Module or SIM in slot 12 If an HFC Connector Module or SIM is installed in slot 13 p...

Page 133: ...DS 3 DS 2 DS 1 DS 0 Eth0 Eth2 US 3 US 2 US 1 US 0 DS 3 DS 2 DS 1 DS 0 Eth1 Eth2 US D US C US 1 US 0 DS 3 DS 2 DS 1 DS 0 EXT FAULT INT FAULT OPERATIONAL POWER EXT FAULT INT FAULT OPERATIONAL POWER Eth0 Eth1 US 3 US 2 US 1 US 0 DS 3 DS 2 DS 1 DS 0 Eth0 Eth1 US 3 US 2 US 1 US 0 DS 3 DS 2 DS 1 DS 0 Eth0 Eth1 US 3 US 2 US 1 US 0 DS 3 DS 2 DS 1 DS 0 Eth0 Eth1 US 3 US 2 US 1 US 0 DS 3 DS 2 DS 1 DS 0 ...

Page 134: ...HFC or SIM 4 Eth0 Cable 1 PORT 11 HFC or SIM 13 Eth0 Cable 1 PORT 12 HFC or SIM 4 Eth1 Cable 1 PORT 12 HFC or SIM 13 Eth1 Cable 2 PORT 1 Reserved Cable 2 PORT 1 Reserved Cable 2 PORT 2 Reserved Cable 2 PORT 2 Reserved Cable 2 PORT 3 Reserved Cable 2 PORT 3 Reserved Cable 2 PORT 4 Reserved Cable 2 PORT 4 Reserved Cable 2 PORT 5 Reserved Cable 2 PORT 5 Reserved Cable 2 PORT 6 Reserved Cable 2 PORT 6...

Page 135: ...s on the right and left sides of the chassis independently support the power supplies in domain A and domain B To connect the AC power transition modules to their power sources follow this procedure see Figure 38 on page 120 1 Ensure that the rocker switch on each AC power transition module is in the OFF O position 2 Swing the power cord retainer clips to their upright position and plug the female...

Page 136: ...ach 15 A power cord into independent power sources Always use AC power sources that support the ground prong of the power cord Figure 38 AC Power Cord and Retainer Clip The G10 CMTS power supplies are autosensing which enables them for usage with 115 VAC or 230 VAC Power Cord Retainer Clip ...

Page 137: ...sert the screw through the ring lug of the power cord that will be attached to the negative terminal of the DC power source and tighten the screw into the negative terminal on the terminal block Apply 20 in lb of torque to the screw 4 Remove the screw from the positive terminal on the terminal block of the DC power transition module Insert the screw through the ring lug of the power cord that will...

Page 138: ...Connect to Power Sources JUNOSg 3 0 G10 CMTS Hardware Guide 122 Figure 39 DC Power Transition Module ...

Page 139: ... on 2 If the CMTS is AC powered press the rocker switch on each AC power transition module to the on position see Figure 38 on page 120 There is no requirement that the two power switches be turned on in any particular order If the G10 CMTS is DC powered the system will be powered up when the DC power transition modules have been connected to the DC power sources 3 Remove the power supply faceplat...

Page 140: ... panels Ensure air intakes and exhaust are not blocked Green Red Over current or over power limit condition Ensure that the correct number of power supplies are installed to support the CMTS configuration Not illuminated Red Voltage input failure Ensure that the external power sources are operating within specification Not illuminated Not illuminated Power supply not installed correctly No input p...

Page 141: ...ED on the Chassis Control Module faceplate is illuminated green see Figure 15 on page 39 If the Power LED is illuminated red this indicates a short circuit or over current condition you might have to replace the module see Remove a Chassis Control Module on page 169 Table 42 indicates the expected status of all the LEDs on the module s front panel following power on LED Status Meaning CPCI Green B...

Page 142: ...LEDs on its corresponding NIC Module are in the correct state as LED Status Meaning Minor Off No event of priority Warning Notice Information or Critical has occurred Major Off No event of priority Error has occurred Critical Off No event of priority Emergency Alert or Critical has occurred Run Green Module is active ACO Off Alarm Cutoff not activated 1 2 Green On Active module Off Stand by module...

Page 143: ... computer PC attached to the serial port of the Chassis Control Module 2 Launch your asynchronous terminal emulation application such as Microsoft Windows Hyperterminal and establish a direct connection Configure the port settings as follows Bits per second 9600 Data bits 8 Parity None Stop bits 1 Flow control None LED Post initialization Status Meaning POWER Green Power is applied OPERATIONAL Gre...

Page 144: ... length information for the Ethernet interface IP address of a default CMTS IP address of a DNS server Password for the root user To configure the software follow this procedure 1 After a successful connection is made between the PC attached to the serial port of the Chassis Control Module and the CMTS the terminal emulation screen on your PC will display a banner and prompt you for a login userna...

Page 145: ... root authentication plain text password New password password Retype new password password or edit root set system root authentication encrypted password encrypted password or edit root set system root authentication ssh dsa public key or edit root set system root authentication ssh rsa public key 10 Optionally display the configuration to verify that it is correct edit root show system host name...

Page 146: ...em on the CMTS edit root host name commit 13 When you have finished configuring the CMTS exit configuration mode edit root host name exit root host name The CMTS is now connected to the network but is not fully configured You must perform additional configuration before the CMTS can pass traffic For complete information about configuring the CMTS including examples see the JUNOSg software configur...

Page 147: ... 131 Part 3 Troubleshooting and Maintenance RF Measurements on page 133 Troubleshooting on page 141 Replacement Procedures on page 159 ...

Page 148: ... JUNOSg 3 0 G10 CMTS Hardware Guide 132 ...

Page 149: ...operly In addition these procedures can assist you with the diagnosis of RF issues that are detected by spectrum monitoring applications such as the ServiceGuard Management System see ServiceGuard Management System on page 147 The procedures assume the use of a Hewlett Packard HP8591C CATV Analyzer but any equivalent spectrum analyzer will suffice This chapter discusses the following topics Downst...

Page 150: ...1 dBmV If the rf power statement is not included in your configuration the output RF power level defaults to 61 dBmV To set the output RF power level for a downstream interface include the rf power statement at the edit interfaces cd virtual slot docsis slot downstream interface cable options downstream hierarchy level rf power rf power The downstream interface power level can be from 50 dBmV thro...

Page 151: ...w the output power by issuing the show configuration command user host show configuration interfaces cd virtual slot docsis slot downstream interface cable options downstream rf power 61 In this example the output RF power level is set to 61 dBmV If the rf power statement is not included in your configuration the output RF power level defaults to 61 dBmV To set the output RF power level for a down...

Page 152: ...t and middle left is 19 12 dBmV at 1 Hz In order to obtain the power in the 6 MHz channel a correction factor is required This correction factor equals 10 log ChannelBW measurementBW In this case 10 log 6x10 6 1 equals 67 78 dB Therefore the actual downstream channel power equals 19 12 dBmV 67 78 dBmV which equals 48 66 dBmV Ensure that this power value is approximately equal to the configured dow...

Page 153: ...tion bandwidth manual and enter 3 MHz 5 While in the BW key menu select VID BW MAN video bandwidth manual and enter 3 MHz 6 Press the AMPLITUDE key select ATTEN MAN attenuation manual and enter 0 dB This removes all internal spectrum analyzer attenuation 7 While in the AMPLITUDE screen select REF LVL reference level and enter a value slightly greater than the maximum power level you are expecting ...

Page 154: ...marker is approximately positioned at a median level of 0 65 dBmV Ensure that this power level is equal to the commanded receive power level at the CMTS plus any attenuation between the CMTS and the point of measurement You can view the commanded receive power level by issuing the show configuration command user host show configuration interfaces cu virtual slot docsis slot upstream interface cabl...

Page 155: ...ctrum analyzer display of multiple upstream bursts This display was produced by repeating this procedure with the following modifications The reference level in step 7 was set to 10 dBmV The sweep time in step 10 was set to 20 milliseconds Figure 43 Multiple Upstream Bursts ...

Page 156: ...Upstream RF Measurement JUNOSg 3 0 G10 CMTS Hardware Guide 140 ...

Page 157: ...48 Ideal HFC Plant Configuration Issues on page 150 HFC Plant Related Issues on page 156 Features for Troubleshooting The G10 CMTS provides powerful features that aid you with troubleshooting CMTS cable modem and HFC plant related issues including the flap list the local event log and various CLI commands that display relevant statistics This section discusses the following topics Flap List on pag...

Page 158: ...clude excessive initial ranging missed station maintenance opportunities large upstream power adjustments and an SNR dropping below a threshold The flap list can be used to assist you with troubleshooting locating CMTS and cable modem configuration issues and locating problems in the HFC plant without impacting throughput and downstream performance and without creating additional packet overhead t...

Page 159: ...aps High High attenuation in the return path Changing environmental conditions that affect the return path such as temperature Improper amplification Poor amplifier performance FAdj frequency adjust flaps High Significant frequency error introduced by frequency stacking multiplexer sometimes called block upconversion in the return path Degraded frequency stability in cable modem SNRavg SNR average...

Page 160: ...eam interface If the IM value is high and the SM value is low the cable modem might be having problems with the following Initial ranging due to CMTS configuration issues Initial ranging due to HFC plant issues in the forward path or the return path Registration due to provisioning issues Stability If the IM value is low and the SM value is high then the cable modem is able to successfully registe...

Page 161: ... 4 2003 04 15 10 54 51 03 notice 2539850801 FLAPLIST CM added to flaplist on interface cable 2 0 CM MAC 00 00 39 A1 8A 4F Upstream Ch 1 Upstream Port 0 Condition IRng 3 2003 04 15 10 54 31 05 information 2539850204 CHASSIS Module at slot 2 went online 2 2003 04 15 10 54 10 00 information 2539850204 CHASSIS Module at slot 5 went online Table 46 Local Event Log Headings Displayed See the DOCSIS OSSI...

Page 162: ...s Display error statistics for a list of cable modems show cable modem flaps Display flaps for a list of cable modems show cable modem offline Display a list of offline cable modems show cable modem physical statistics Display physical layer PHY statistics for a list of cable modems show cable modem qos profile Display a list of cable modems associated with the specified QoS profile ID which corre...

Page 163: ... the Broadband Cable Processor ASIC processing them into useful statistical information and presenting them graphically Statistics that you can be measure and plot within the ServiceGuard Management System include noise power and noise power density signal to noise ratio SNR modulation error rate MER and codeword error rate CER The ServiceGuard Management System incorporates an integrated impairme...

Page 164: ...TS Does Not Boot Successfully If you do not get to the login and password prompts the CMTS did not successfully boot up The cause might be one or more of the following A new module added to the system might not be properly installed into the midplane of the chassis See Install the CMTS on page 93 for more information The CMTS does not have at least one DOCSIS Module installed A module is not opera...

Page 165: ...e if an SNMP message was sent to the NMS or an entry was added to the event log indicating the temperature of the CMTS exceeded the high threshold defined by the high statement 2 Check that all empty module slots and power supply bays contain air management modules panels and filler panels In addition the power supply faceplate must always be installed while the CMTS is operating These requirement...

Page 166: ... the following The downstream and upstream interface and port mapping are not properly aligned with the forward and return path topology of the HFC plant For example suppose a cable modem resides in cable interface 0 MAC domain 0 which contains downstream interface 0 and upstream interfaces 0 and 1 Also suppose the forward and return paths are connected to downstream port 0 and upstream port 0 of ...

Page 167: ...ed in the siaddr field of the DHCP response was incorrect The TFTP server was hosting the maximum number of sessions when the cable modem requested the configuration file The CMTS indicated an authentication failure in its REG RSP message because The TFTP Server Timestamp field in the cable modem s REG REQ message differs from the local time maintained by the CMTS by more than the CM Configuration...

Page 168: ...pstream Service Flow Configuration Setting and the Downstream Service Flow Configuration Setting fields DOCSIS 1 1 of the configuration file are limiting the maximum upstream and downstream bandwidth of the cable modem If necessary increase the parameters within these fields in the configuration file to increase the cable modem s throughput To determine the maximum bandwidth settings for a cable m...

Page 169: ...tream traffic In this example assume the polling time is 60 seconds 2 Browse the ifInOctets object for the interface that corresponds to the upstream interface you are measuring Wait for the value of the object to change and record this value Assume the value is 33 019 041 octets 3 Wait 60 seconds for the value of the object to change and record this value Assume the value is 65 903 162 octets 4 S...

Page 170: ...t upstream interface Cable Modem Operational States Interface Us CM Dstry Dclr Rng Rng Rng IP Reg Access Qty Abort Compl Compl Denied ca 0 2 0 0 5 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 total 5 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 An excessive number of cable modems on an upstream interface can be addressed by the following Enable load balancing in the CMTS by including the load balance statement at the edit services cable upstream hierarch...

Page 171: ...tream interface over the polling time 563 344 189 383 456 157 179 888 032 octets 5 Multiply the value computed in step 4 by eight to convert to bits then divide by the polling time to compute the downstream channel bandwidth 179 888 032 octets 8 60 sec 23 985 071 bps 6 Compute the maximum available raw bandwidth by multiplying the symbol rate of the channel by the number of bits symbol Assume the ...

Page 172: ...e flow until the ratio is not exceeded Issue the show cable policy admission control command to display configured CAC policies You have changed the configuration for an interface that was previously configured with QoS parameters for admitted service flows based on the original interface configuration For example assume a CAC policy is configured with the maximum allowable ratio of the aggregate ...

Page 173: ... define periodic ranging opportunities station maintenance for the cable modem In this case the cable modem will time out and reinitialize its MAC causing it to drop offline RF plant issues in the return path prevent the CMTS from receiving ranging request RNG REQ messages in which case the CMTS will not provide ranging response RNG RSP messages In this case the cable modem will time out and reini...

Page 174: ...ce routine HFC plant issues such as impulse noise that corrupt downstream transmissions to the cable modem Increasing the depth of the interleaver can increase the amount of burst protection in the downstream For example the default interleaver depth using 64QAM modulation provides 5 9 microseconds of burst protection You can increase the burst protection to 12 24 47 or 95 microseconds Be aware th...

Page 175: ...r source redundancy Power sources Each power transition module must be powered by sources on different circuits to implement power source redundancy When operating in a power redundant configuration a single power related component can fail without affecting the operation of the CMTS However because the CMTS is no longer operating as a redundant system we recommend that you replace the faulty comp...

Page 176: ... removed from the power supply faceplate clips 2 Loosen the upper and lower retainer screws of the power supply 3 Press down on the ejector release while simultaneously pulling the ejector away from the power supply actions 1 and 2 in Figure 44 on page 161 The ejector should rest at approximately 45 from the faceplate The power supply is physically and electrically removed from its connector on th...

Page 177: ...eplate towards the chassis until it snaps into place See Install Power Supplies on page 101 for power supply installation instructions Figure 44 Power Supply Removal The power supply faceplate and power supply filler panels must be installed before you power on the G10 CMTS to ensure that proper air ventilation occurs throughout the chassis and to reduce EMI emissions 3 2 1 ...

Page 178: ...ght also indicate the ambient temperature is rising Replace a Fan Tray If a fan tray LED is illuminated red one or more fans in that tray has failed and you must replace the fan tray The fan trays are hot swappable which means you can remove and install them while the system is powered on If a fan tray fails to the point where inadequate air ventilation flows through the chassis the Chassis Contro...

Page 179: ...ntil its power connector mates with its corresponding midplane power connector You should be able to see and hear the fans operating within the tray 6 You must return the front fan tray retainer to its locked position by pulling down on its plunger swinging the retainer toward the chassis and releasing its plunger so that it mates with the chassis If the plunger cannot mate with the chassis the fa...

Page 180: ...Fan Trays JUNOSg 3 0 G10 CMTS Hardware Guide 164 Figure 45 Front Fan Tray Replacement Fan Tray Rail Midplane Power Connector Fan Tray Rail Front Fan Tray Retainer Front Fan Tray Retainer Plunger ...

Page 181: ...y Replacement 1 2 Eth0 Eth1 US 3 US 2 US 1 US 0 DS 3 DS 2 DS 1 DS 0 Eth0 Eth1 US 3 US 2 US 1 US 0 DS 3 DS 2 DS 1 DS 0 Fan Tray Flange Fan Tray Flange Rear Fan Tray Midplane Power Connector Midplane Power Connector EXT FAULT INT FAULT OPERATIONAL POWER C O M Eth ...

Page 182: ...Swap LED on the faceplate is illuminated see Figure 12 on page 30 3 After the Hot Swap LED is illuminated simultaneously pull the ejectors away from the module faceplate The ejectors should rest at approximately 45 from the faceplate At this point the module is physically and electrically removed from its connectors on the midplane 4 Slowly slide the module out of its slot until it is fully remove...

Page 183: ...e two retainer screws on the air management module by applying 3 in lb of torque to each screw Figure 47 DOCSIS Module Removal You must install air management modules and air management panels in all empty slots while operating the G10 CMTS to ensure that proper air ventilation occurs throughout the chassis and to reduce EMI emissions 2 1 1 2 3 ...

Page 184: ...ull the ejectors away from the module faceplate The ejectors should rest at approximately 45 from their locked position At this point the module is physically and electrically removed from its connectors on the midplane 5 Slowly slide the module out of its slot until it is fully removed from the system 6 Insert the module into an anti static bag being careful to avoid directly touching any compone...

Page 185: ...rvices supported by the CMTS are lost because the CMTS cannot operate without the Chassis Control Module To remove a Chassis Control Module follow this procedure 1 Stop the CMTS software by issuing the request system halt command user host request system halt 2 Power down the CMTS 3 Follow the same procedure described in Remove a DOCSIS Module on page 166 3 Eth0 Eth1 US 3 US 2 US 1 US 0 DS 3 DS 2 ...

Page 186: ... HFC Connector Module or SIM on page 168 Remove a NIC Module The NIC Module is hot swappable so you can remove it or install it while the CMTS is powered on To remove a NIC Module follow the same procedure described in Remove a DOCSIS Module on page 166 Remove a NIC Access Module The NIC Access Module is hot swappable so you can remove it or install it while the CMTS is powered on To remove a NIC ...

Page 187: ... 171 Part 4 Appendixes Agency Certifications on page 173 Radio Frequency RF Specifications on page 175 EIA Channel Plans on page 181 ...

Page 188: ... JUNOSg 3 0 G10 CMTS Hardware Guide 172 ...

Page 189: ...ng This equipment is intended for indoor use only This equipment does not have a direct copper connection to the outside plant Removal of power supplies or cards will result in access to hazardous energy Each power cord must be connected to an independent branch circuit Product connected to two power sources Disconnect both power sources before servicing Risk of explosion if battery is replaced by...

Page 190: ... 61000 4 4 EFT EN 61000 4 5 Surge EN 61000 4 6 RF Conducted Continuous EN 61000 4 11 Voltage Dips and Interrupts EN 61000 3 3 Flicker This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules Operation is subject to the following two conditions 1 This device may not cause harmful interference and 2 this device must accept any interference received including interference that may cause undesired operation...

Page 191: ... 991105 For the complete DOCSIS specifications see the appropriate CableLabs document This appendix contains the following tables Downstream RF Channel Transmission Characteristics on page 176 Upstream RF Channel Transmission Characteristics on page 177 Downstream RF Signal Output Characteristics on page 178 DOCSIS Downstream Channel Rates and Spacing on page 178 DOCSIS Maximum Upstream Channel Ra...

Page 192: ...in the spectrum occupied by the CMTS 75 ns within the design bandwidth Micro reflections bound for dominant echo 10 dBc 0 5 m sec 15 dBc 1 0 m sec 20 dBc 1 5 m sec 30 dBc 1 5 m sec Carrier hum modulation Not greater than 26 dBc 5 Burst noise Not longer than 25 m sec at a 10 Hz average rate Seasonal and diurnal signal level variation 8 dB Signal level slope 50 750 MHz 16 dB Maximum analog video car...

Page 193: ...10 msec at a 1 kHz average rate for most cases3 4 5 Amplitude ripple 5 42 MHz 0 5 dB MHz Group delay ripple 5 42 MHz 200 ns MHz Micro reflections single echo 10 dBc 0 5 m sec 20 dBc 1 0 m sec 30 dBc 1 0 m sec Seasonal and diurnal signal level variation Not greater than 8 dB min to max 1 Transmission is from the CM output at the customer location to the headend 2 Ingress avoidance or tolerance tech...

Page 194: ...ired transmitter products Noise within 50kHz of the carrier is excluded 58 dBc in 750 kHz 62 dBc in 5 25 MHz excluding up to 3 spurs each of which must be 60 dBc when measured in a 10 kHz band Less than the greater of 65 dBc or 12dBmV in 6MHz excluding up to three discrete spurs The total power in the spurs must be 60dBc when each is measured with 10 kHz bandwidth 12dBmV in each 6 MHz channel excl...

Page 195: ...um Upstream Channel Rates and Widths Symbol Rate ksym sec Channel Width kHz 1 Bit rate sec QPSK Bit rate sec 16QAM 160 200 320 000 640 000 320 400 640 000 1 280 000 640 800 1 280 000 2 560 000 1 280 1 600 2 560 000 5 120 000 2 560 3 200 5 120 000 10 240 000 1 Channel width is the 30 dB bandwidth ...

Page 196: ...Radio Frequency RF Specifications JUNOSg 3 0 G10 CMTS Hardware Guide 180 ...

Page 197: ... 10 25 0000 T 11 31 0000 T 12 37 0000 T 13 43 0000 1 A 8 73 2625 72 0036 2 55 2500 55 2625 54 0027 3 61 2500 61 2625 60 0030 4 67 2500 67 2625 66 0033 5 A 7 77 2500 79 2625 78 0039 6 A 6 83 2500 85 2625 84 0042 7 175 2500 175 2625 174 0087 8 181 2500 181 2625 180 0090 9 187 2500 187 2625 186 0093 10 193 2500 193 2625 192 0096 11 199 2500 199 2625 198 0099 12 205 2500 205 2625 204 0102 13 211 2500 ...

Page 198: ...B 307 2625 307 2625 306 0153 39 CC 313 2625 313 2625 312 0156 40 DD 319 2625 319 2625 318 0159 41 EE 325 2625 325 2625 324 0162 42 FF 331 2750 331 2750 330 0165 43 GG 337 2625 337 2625 336 0168 44 HH 343 2625 343 2625 342 0171 45 II 349 2625 349 2625 348 0174 46 JJ 355 2625 355 2625 354 0177 47 KK 361 2625 361 2625 360 0180 48 LL 367 2625 367 2625 366 0183 49 MM 373 2625 373 2625 372 0186 50 NN 37...

Page 199: ...59 2625 558 0279 81 SSS 565 2500 565 2625 564 0282 82 TTT 571 2500 571 2625 570 0285 83 UUU 577 2500 577 2625 576 0288 84 VVV 583 2500 583 2625 582 0291 85 WWW 589 2500 589 2625 588 0294 86 XXX 595 2500 595 2625 594 0297 87 YYY 601 2500 601 2625 600 0300 88 ZZZ 607 2500 607 2625 606 0303 89 613 2500 613 2625 612 0306 90 619 2500 619 2625 618 0309 91 625 2500 625 2625 624 0312 92 631 2500 631 2625 ...

Page 200: ...5 786 0393 124 793 2500 793 2625 792 0396 125 799 2500 799 2625 798 0399 126 805 2500 805 2625 804 0402 127 811 2500 811 2625 810 0405 128 817 2500 817 2625 816 0408 129 823 2500 823 2625 822 0411 130 829 2500 829 2625 828 0414 131 835 2500 835 2625 834 0417 132 841 2500 841 2625 840 0420 133 847 2500 847 2625 846 0423 134 853 2500 853 2625 852 0426 135 859 2500 859 2625 858 0429 136 865 2500 865 ...

Page 201: ...4 151 955 2500 955 2625 954 0477 152 961 2500 961 2625 960 0480 153 967 2500 967 2625 966 0483 154 973 2500 973 2625 972 0486 155 979 2500 979 2625 978 0489 156 985 2500 985 2625 984 0492 157 991 2500 991 2625 990 0495 158 997 2500 997 2625 996 0498 159 1003 250 1003 2625 1002 0501 Channel STD IRC HRC ...

Page 202: ...EIA Channel Plans JUNOSg 3 0 G10 CMTS Hardware Guide 186 ...

Page 203: ... 187 Part 5 Index Index on page 189 ...

Page 204: ... JUNOSg 3 0 G10 CMTS Hardware Guide 188 ...

Page 205: ...es 113 plant 110 call admission control 156 card guide 16 70 101 103 slot 105 card cage 21 CATV mode 134 CCCM 156 CCM Rear Module 55 cCPI bus 22 CER 147 certifications 173 channel 109 downstream 157 upstream 154 chassis 10 94 95 103 119 121 air ventilation 29 124 card cage 21 cooling 29 ground nuts 17 94 grounding 69 installing modules 103 109 lifting 68 midplane 21 midplane connectors 22 mounting...

Page 206: ...alization 154 equipment rack 20 equipment shelf 95 97 ESD ground strap 69 93 159 strap jack 69 93 strap plug 16 ESD ground point 20 Ethernet management port description 61 event log 40 Ffan tray 16 17 70 92 123 124 149 162 fans 29 Fast Ethernet 42 44 109 111 F connector 75 109 110 features 7 fiberoptic link 143 flap list 141 157 forward path 144 155 fragmentation 7 frequency range 36 frequency sta...

Page 207: ...connectors 22 domains 24 slot numbering 21 minimum reserved traffic rate 156 modulation 31 36 modulation profile 154 module ejector rail 16 103 modules state 40 mounting bracket 95 MPEG transport stream 31 MRTR 156 MSTR 153 N network side interface 7 42 44 network traffic 48 NIC Access Module 10 17 48 115 116 126 149 NIC Module 10 16 42 47 108 113 126 149 power 44 NMS 149 node 110 recombining 154 ...

Page 208: ... path 144 147 150 154 157 RG 59 75 RG 59 U 75 RG 6 75 RJ 21 115 116 routing and forwarding tables 59 Routing Engine kernel description 60 software 58 60 routing protocols 58 S ServiceGuard Management System 133 147 shared secret 151 shipping carton 68 89 90 94 short circuit 125 siaddr field 151 signal amplitude 144 SIM 53 105 Simple Network Management Protocol See SNMP slot numbering 21 SNMP 149 1...

Page 209: ... Index 193 Index V ventilation 69 89 95 101 124 161 162 167 video servers 7 voltage power supply 27 ...

Page 210: ... Index JUNOSg 3 0 G10 CMTS Hardware Guide 194 ...

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