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3.1.1

Bootstrap Loaders

When the CPU is configured as a 2114, 2115, 2116, or 2100, the Basic Binary Loader is initially installed in the
highest 64 words of core memory. The BBL reads an absolute binary program from the paper tape reader into
memory. To execute the loader, the following sequence of commands is used:

ATTACH PTR <tape-image-filename>
SET CPU LOADERENABLE
DEPOSIT S <value>
DEPOSIT P <address>
RESET
GO

...where

address

is the appropriate loader starting address — 07700 for 4K, 17700 for 8K, 27700 for 12K, 37700 for

16K, 57700 for 24K, or 77700 for 32K. The S-register value is set to 000000 to load the paper tape, 000001 to
verify the paper tape, or 100000 to compare the paper tape to memory. Loader execution ends with one of the
following halt instructions:

•

HLT 00 — the tape does not compare with memory; A = value that did not compare.

•

HLT 11 — a checksum error occurred; A = expected value, B = calculated value.

•

HLT 55 — the load address would overlay the BBL.

•

HLT 77 — the end of tape was reached with a successful read.

The loader is automatically disabled when the CPU executes the halt instruction within the loader.

1000-series CPUs contain up to four Initial Binary Loaders stored in ROM. In hardware, a loader is selected by
setting S register bits 15-14 to the ROM number, bits 13-12 and 5-0 to the ROM-specific options, and bits 11-6 to
the device select code. Then the IBL, PRESET, and RUN front-panel buttons are pressed to copy the selected
ROM into the highest 64 words of memory, initialize the I/O device interfaces, and begin execution.

In simulation, the

BOOT CPU

command implements the IBL-PRESET-RUN facility. The following ROMs are

installed in the CPU:

ROM

Number

Product
Number

Boot Device Description

Boot Device

00

12992K

2748B paper tape reader

PTR

01

12992A

7900 or 2883 disc

DPC or DQC

10

12992D

7970B or 7970E magnetic tape

MSC

11

12992B

7905, 7906, 7920, or 7925 disc

DS

To execute the loader, the following sequence of commands is used:

ATTACH <dev> <image-filename>
DEPOSIT S <value>
BOOT CPU

The S-register configurations required, supported image file types, and the associated loader halt codes are listed
under their respective devices below. The

BOOT CPU

command will not report an error if the select code does not

reference the correct device.

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Summary of Contents for HP 2100 Series

Page 1: ...re is furnished to do so subject to the following conditions The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED AS IS WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND EXPRESS OR IMPLIED INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT IN NO EVENT SHALL ...

Page 2: ...Simulation Stops 23 3 1 3 Stop Messages 24 3 1 4 Tracing 25 3 1 5 Registers 28 3 2 12578A 12607B 12895A Direct Memory Access Controllers 12897B Dual Channel Port Controller 28 3 3 12581A 12892B Memory Protect 30 3 4 12731A Memory Expansion Module 31 4 Programmed General I O Device Simulations 32 4 1 12531C Buffered Teleprinter Interface with One 2752 54 Teleprinter 32 4 2 12539C Time Base Generato...

Page 3: ...ne 2773 2774 2775 Drum 70 5 4 12821A Disc Interface with Four 7906H 7920H 7925H Drives 72 5 4 1 Device Options 73 5 4 2 Unit Options 74 5 4 3 Tracing and Registers 75 5 5 13175D Disc Controller Interface with Eight 7905 7906 7920 7925 Drives 76 5 5 1 Device Options 77 5 5 2 Unit Options 77 5 5 3 BOOT command 78 5 5 4 Tracing and Registers 78 6 Programmed Magnetic Tape I O Device Simulations 81 6 1...

Page 4: ...974 renamed 1000 M memory mapped larger instruction set expandable to 1024 KW the HP 21MXE 1976 renamed 1000 E faster CPU and memory larger microprogram address space the HP 1000 F Series 1979 an E Series CPU with a separate hardware floating point processor the HP 1000 L Series 1979 low cost slower distributed I O system limited to 32K words the HP 1000 XL Series 1980 an L Series CPU with memory ...

Page 5: ... The 2114 supports a single DMA channel all other machines support two DMA or DCPC channels 1000 CPUs offer the optional Dynamic Mapping System which provides memory mapping on a page by page basis The 5 bit page number of a logical memory address selects one of 32 ten bit map registers containing physical page numbers The ten bit page number combined with the ten bit page offset yields a 20 bit p...

Page 6: ... c 13037D MAC ICD disc controller simulator library hp2100_dp c 12557A 13210A Disc Interface simulator hp2100_dq c 12565A Disc Interface simulator hp2100_dr c 12606B 12610B Disc Drum Memory Interface simulator hp2100_ds c 13175D Disc Controller Interface simulator hp2100_fp c Floating Point Instructions simulator hp2100_fp1 c Multiple precision floating point arithmetic simulator hp2100_ipl c 1287...

Page 7: ... 700 terminal emulator for Microsoft Windows is available from The HP Computer Museum http www hpmuseum net display_item php sw 585 Use of an HP terminal via a serial port or a terminal emulator via Telnet enables more advanced screen editing features of the RTE operating systems Additional software and documentation resources are listed in the hp2100_release txt file In addition the reference man...

Page 8: ...t 7905 7906 7920 7925 drives IPLI IPLO 12875A Processor Interconnect LPS 12653A Line Printer Interface with one 2767 line printer LPT 12845B Line Printer Interface with one 2607 13 17 18 line printer MPX 12792C 8 Channel Asynchronous Multiplexer MSD MSC 13181B Digital Magnetic Tape Unit Interface with four 7970B drives 13183B Digital Magnetic Tape Unit Interface with four 7970E drives MTD MTC 1255...

Page 9: ... to perform hardware actions The simulation commands that substitute for CPU front panel actions are Hardware Front Panel Action Equivalent Simulation Command Pressing the RUN button GO Pressing the HALT button CTRL E Pressing the INSTR STEP button STEP Pressing the PRESET button RESET Pressing the PRESET and RUN buttons RUN Pressing the IBL PRESET and RUN buttons BOOT CPU Pressing the LOADER ENAB...

Page 10: ...ily with a command line switch as follows Switch Interpretation 2 A binary value 8 or O An octal value 10 or D A decimal value 16 or H A hexadecimal value When examining or depositing into device registers the default radix for the specified register is used unless overridden with one of the above command line switches Defaults are listed in the register table associated with each device 2 2 2 Sym...

Page 11: ...hine configuration Instructions not implemented by the current CPU model and installed firmware extensions are displayed in octal form and rejected during symbolic entry Operands must be numeric and are interpreted by default in a radix suitable to the type of the value rather than the HP Assembler convention of assuming a decimal value unless the letter B indicating an octal value follows the dig...

Page 12: ...gical form Addresses above 32K are displayed in physical form 2 2 4 BREAK and NOBREAK The BREAK and NOBREAK commands accept only logical addresses consisting of 15 bit offsets within the 32K logical address space e g 77777 If the breakpoint address is not supplied it defaults to the current P register value Breakpoint addresses are always displayed in logical form The CPU implements four different...

Page 13: ...rogram will be relocated to the last 64 words of memory so the desired memory size must be set before issuing the LOAD command If the optional configuration select code is supplied all I O instructions in the program that reference select codes 10 octal will be changed by adding the supplied value minus 10 to the instruction The effect of this is that instructions that reference select code 10 n w...

Page 14: ...oller allow the units to be individually disabled or enabled Disabling simulates disconnecting the associated unit from the controller The commands to disable or enable a unit are Command Action SET unit DISABLED Disable the unit SET unit ENABLED Enable the unit Each of the above command options is replicated in the option tables of the devices to which they apply 2 2 10 I O Interface Select Code ...

Page 15: ...pported only when the simulator executable used to restore the simulator state file is the same simulator executable used to save the file Correctly restoring the state of the simulator depends on the layout of internal structure variables being identical to the layout of the structure variables that were saved This is guaranteed only when using the same executable as the layout used is implementa...

Page 16: ...may know that a line printer takes 50 milliseconds to print a line and therefore it can ignore interrupts safely for several milliseconds after initiating the print cycle If the printing time is reduced below that threshold the driver may fail to operate correctly The default optimized timing settings have been empirically determined to work with the supported operating systems listed above and ea...

Page 17: ...signal assertions Tracing for each device and its separate reporting levels may be enabled independently To obtain a trace two SCP commands must be given First a debug log must be established with the SET DEBUG target command This command is described in detail in the Controlling Debugging section of the SIMH Users Guide manual Typically the target is a text file so that the trace may be reviewed ...

Page 18: ... Use a 1000 M Series computer 1000 E Use a 1000 E Series computer 1000 F Use a 1000 F Series computer 8K Set the memory size to 8K words 12K Set the memory size to 12K words 16K Set the memory size to 16K words 24K Set the memory size to 24K words 32K Set the memory size to 32K words default 64K Set the memory size to 64K words 128K Set the memory size to 128K words 256K Set the memory size to 256...

Page 19: ...y size is being reduced and the memory being truncated contains non zero data the simulator asks for confirmation before proceeding The confirmation request may be suppressed by using the F force switch Data in the truncated portion of memory is lost The following standard microcode is automatically enabled when the applicable 1000 series CPU is selected Instruction Set Applicable to Extended Inst...

Page 20: ...824A for RTE IVB or 12829A for RTE 6 VM Vector Instruction Set ROMs providing vector arithmetic instructions using single and double precision values Vectors may reside either in EMA VMA or in regular memory The SIGNAL option simulates the installation of the 92835A SIGNAL 1000 firmware ROMs These instructions provide fast Fourier transforms and complex arithmetic They use the F Series floating po...

Page 21: ...ure is unavailable it cannot be enabled On the 2100 the FP or FFP option and the IOP option are mutually exclusive On the 1000 E F Series the RTE IV EMA and RTE 6 VM VMA and OS options are mutually exclusive Setting the CPU model establishes a consistent set of standard features and common options Additional SET CPU commands may follow to fine tune the desired feature set The CPU configuration may...

Page 22: ... automatically disabled when the CPU executes the halt instruction within the loader 1000 series CPUs contain up to four Initial Binary Loaders stored in ROM In hardware a loader is selected by setting S register bits 15 14 to the ROM number bits 13 12 and 5 0 to the ROM specific options and bits 11 6 to the device select code Then the IBL PRESET and RUN front panel buttons are pressed to copy the...

Page 23: ... diagnostic configurator intentionally execute unimplemented instructions to determine the CPU model and configuration For example the configurator executes an RRR 16 instruction to detect the presence of the EAU If the EAU is installed the A and B register contents are exchanged otherwise the instruction executes as NOP and the contents are unaltered Also the 1000 M Series is differentiated from ...

Page 24: ...ction execution will be stopped For example these commands DEPOSIT 0 LDA 1 I DEPOSIT 1 100001 RUN 0 will stop the simulator with an Indirect address loop message The limit may be set to any number of levels up to 32 768 This is the absolute maximum number of levels that can be created without an infinite loop each location in memory points to the next one except for the last which contains the tar...

Page 25: ...es instruction executions Each instruction is printed before it is executed The DATA option traces reads from and writes to memory Each is classified by the type of access data or unprotected Normal data accesses are translated by the current map if DMS is enabled and are subject to memory and DMS page protections Unprotected accesses are translated by the specified map if DMS is enabled and have ...

Page 26: ...t match the instruction exactly The values are entered in the CPU s data radix which defaults to octal but may be set to a different radix or overridden by a switch on the command line Setting the mask value allows matching a range of instructions or an instruction with a range of operand values For example SET CPU EXEC 105240 177760 will trace execution of all EMA or VMA firmware instructions SET...

Page 27: ...ical address effective address Octal physical page number Memory map system user disabled CPU reg P 01011 042200 A 177777 B 177777 X 177777 Y 000000 e O I Register values and interrupt system status S register MEM base page fence register Protection status protected unprotected CPU reg MPF 000000 MPV 002111 MES 163011 MEV 030000 MP and MEM register values Protection status protected unprotected CP...

Page 28: ...8 Memory Address Register T 16 8 Memory Data Register X 16 8 Index Register X Y 16 8 Index Register Y S 16 8 Display Register E 1 2 Extend Register O 1 2 Overflow Register CIR 6 8 Central Interrupt Register ION 1 2 Interrupt System Enabled ION_DEFER 1 2 Interrupt Deferred DMSENB 1 2 MEM Enabled Flag DMSCUR 1 2 User Map Selected Flag DMSSR 16 8 MEM Status Register DMSVR 16 8 MEM Violation Register ...

Page 29: ...re DMA1 for the 12607B DMA1 and DMA2 for the 12578A and 12895A and DCPC1 and DCPC2 for the 12897B Device options that may be specified are Option Action DEBUG option Enable tracing NODEBUG Disable tracing default ENABLED Enable the device default DISABLED Disable the device When a debug log has been established tracing may be configured by specifying one or more of the reporting level options Opti...

Page 30: ...e BYTE and PACKER registers are applicable only to the 12578A controller The PACKER register defaults to single character format display and entry but may be overridden with a numeric format switch if desired 3 3 12581A 12892B Memory Protect Memory protection is standard equipment on the 2100 although it may be disabled by removing a jumper and optional on the 2116 and 1000 It provides a Fence Reg...

Page 31: ...iolations If Memory Protect is not installed i e is disabled then MEM violations are recorded in the Violation Register but the offending program is allowed to continue The Memory Protect state contains these registers Name Size Radix Description CTL 1 2 Control flip flop FLG 1 2 Flag flip flop FBF 1 2 Flag buffer flip flop FR 15 8 Fence register VR 16 8 Violation register EVR 1 2 Enable violation...

Page 32: ...rites to the teleprinter paper tape punch Attaching a paper tape image file to unit 2 simulates loading blank paper tape into the punch ATTACH N TTY2 image filename Adding the N new file switch clears the contents of the image file if present Without the N switch punch output will be appended to any preexisting image file content Detaching the image simulates removing the punched tape The interfac...

Page 33: ...ping LF characters after pressing ENTER the AUTOLF option may be specified for the keyboard unit This simulates pressing the AUTO LF latching key on an HP 264x terminal The teleprinter interface state contains these registers Name Size Radix Description BUF 8 8 Output data buffer MODE 16 8 Interface configuration mode CTL 1 2 Control flip flop FLG 1 2 Flag flip flop FBF 1 2 Flag buffer flip flop K...

Page 34: ...the A position lost ticks are reported in bit 4 of the status word In the B position lost ticks are reported in both bits 5 and 4 With W2 in the A position the four longest intervals are 1 10 100 and 1000 seconds per tick In the B position these intervals are divided by 1000 and tick after 1 10 100 and 1000 milliseconds to facilitate testing with the diagnostic When a debug log has been establishe...

Page 35: ...Attempting to read under these conditions will cause the reader to hang as it will in hardware Specifying the SET CPU STOP IOERR command will cause a simulation stop if either of these conditions occur If the error is corrected either by attaching the paper tape image file or by rewinding the tape then resuming simulation will retry the operation If the host operating system returns an error when ...

Page 36: ...e end of the tape image file is reached If input is attempted when TRLLIM is set to zero or the count is exhausted the reader will hang The POS register specifies the current file position of the next data byte to read Setting POS to 0 rewinds the attached tape 4 4 12597A 005 Tape Punch Interface with One 2895 Paper Tape Punch The 12597A 005 Tape Punch Interface is an 8 bit duplex register card th...

Page 37: ... controlling the interrupt priority chain signal PRL to lower priority devices The privileged cards located below the fence are allowed to interrupt the operating system and the service routines of the unprivileged cards located above the fence Privileged devices employ specially written device drivers that bypass the operating system during interrupts This provides very fast interrupt service tim...

Page 38: ... HP 12653A Line Printer Interface connects the HP 2767A line printer to the HP computer family The printer provides 80 column output at rates from 356 to 1110 lines per minute depending on the number of columns printed It uses a 64 character repertoire ASCII codes 32 through 95 prints a fixed 60 lines per page and automatically skips page perforations It does not have a vertical format unit VFU bu...

Page 39: ...hysical hardware For example output of lines with more characters takes longer than output of lines with fewer characters and spacing six lines takes approximately six times longer than spacing one line Optimized timing reduces operation delays to the minimums necessary to operate correctly this is much faster than a real line printer would operate The delays used by the simulation in FASTTIME mod...

Page 40: ...ed from and sent to the CPU XFER Data receptions and transmissions STATE Printer state transitions IOBUS I O bus signals and data words received and returned The CMDS option traces the commands executed by the printer The CPU option traces words received from control and write data and sent to status and read data the CPU The XFER option traces the characters sent to the printer The STATE option t...

Page 41: ...VB and RTE 6 VM Revision D implements completely different commands requires different RTE drivers and is supported only under RTE 6 VM This simulation implements revision C Revisions B and C added support for the 37214A Systems Modem subsystem and the RTE A Virtual Control Panel VCP as the same firmware was used in the A Series version of the multiplexer the HP 12040B C Under simulation the modem...

Page 42: ...uired values are rate is the baud rate in bits per second size is the character size in bits including the parity bit if designated parity designates the parity to use N no E even O odd M mark or S space stopbits is the number of stop bits 1 1 5 or 2 Serial connections default to 9600 baud 8 bit characters no parity and one stop bit Configuration options are available for the device and for the in...

Page 43: ...ions First buffered characters are transferred via Telnet in blocks rather than one character at a time Second ENQ ACK handshaking is done locally without involving the Telnet client Third when editing and echo is enabled entering BS echoes a backspace a space and a backspace and entering DEL echoes a backslash a carriage return and a line feed providing better compatibility with prior RTE termina...

Page 44: ...uted by the multiplexer The CPU option traces words received from control and write data and sent to status and read data the CPU The BUF option traces reads and writes from the internal channel buffers The XFER option traces the characters sent and received from the multiplexer channels The IOBUS option traces the I O backplane signals and data received and returned via the interface Examples of ...

Page 45: ...F 0 7 0 513 8 8 Read buffers ports 0 7 WBUF 0 7 0 513 8 8 Write buffers ports 0 7 GET 0 7 0 1 10 10 Read write get indexes ports 0 7 SEP 0 7 0 1 10 10 Read write separator indexes ports 0 7 PUT 0 7 0 1 10 10 Read write put indexes ports 0 7 CTL 1 2 Control flip flop FLG 1 2 Flag flip flop FBF 1 2 Flag buffer flip flop The RBUF and WBUF registers logically represent eight character buffers of 514 b...

Page 46: ...to the simulation console e g HP 2100 simulator printer I O error No space left on device The printer goes offline with an alarm condition and the simulator stops Simulation may then be resumed either with the printer set back online if the problem is fixed or with the printer remaining offline if the problem is uncorrectable Detaching the text file from the unit with the DETACH LPT command simula...

Page 47: ...han spacing one line Optimized timing reduces operation delays to the minimums necessary to operate correctly this is much faster than a real line printer would operate The delays used by the simulator in FASTTIME mode may be set via the register interface The values may be adjusted as necessary to work around any HP software problems that are triggered by the unusually rapid print operations Rese...

Page 48: ...nt operation in progress If either condition is true the action is deferred and Command not completed is displayed on the simulation console A SHOW LPT command will show that the device is still online Once simulation is resumed and the print operation completes the printer is set offline No console message reports this although a subsequent SHOW LPT command will indicate the new status Entering a...

Page 49: ...cing is installed in the VFU reader The printer may be commanded to advance the paper until a punched hole is detected in a specified VFU channel The length of the tape establishes the length of the forms loaded into the printer Initially the standard VFU tape part number 02607 80024 for the HP 2607 or 02613 80001 for the HP 2613 2617 and 2618 is installed This tape associates commands for channel...

Page 50: ...ted If the VFU line is missing or not of the correct form then Format error is displayed on the simulation console and the VFU tape is not changed The remaining lines define the channels punched for each line of the printed form The line format consists of a sequence of punch no punch and other characters in channel order Each punch or no punch character defines a channel state starting with chann...

Page 51: ... definition may be displayed with the following command Command Action SHOW LPT VFU Display the currently loaded VFU tape definition This command displays the current VFU tape title and then the channel definitions for each form line By default a punched channel is indicated by an O character and an unpunched channel is indicated by a period These characters may be changed by depositing new values...

Page 52: ...er index PRTBUF 0 423 8 8 Print buffer OVPCHR 8 8 Overprint character FORMLN 8 10 Form length in lines VFU 0 144 12 2 Vertical format unit channels PUNCHR 8 8 Punched channel character UNPCHR 8 8 Unpunched channel character BTIME 24 10 Fast printer buffer load delay time PTIME 24 10 Fast printing delay time STIME 24 10 Fast paper slew per line delay time POS 32 10 Printer file current position The...

Page 53: ...s Each interface is actually a bi directional half duplex line that is used in the primary direction for commands and in the reverse direction for status Two copies of the HP2100 simulator are run to simulate the SP and IOP Each simulator contains an Inbound Data interface assigned to the lower numbered select code and an Outbound Data interface assigned to the higher numbered select code The IPLI...

Page 54: ...ct using the diagnostic test cable LINK Connect using the processor interconnect cables DISCONNECT Disconnect the interface from the Telnet connection SC n Set the interface card select codes defaults are 32 33 DEBUG option Enable tracing NODEBUG Disable tracing default ENABLED Enable the device DISABLED Disable the device default Enabling the diagnostic mode simulates the connection of a processo...

Page 55: ...interconnecting cables The IOBUS option traces the I O backplane signals and data received and returned via the interface Examples of the trace formats follow IPLI cmds STC Control set IPLI cmds EDT Delaying DMA completion interrupt for 1 msec IPLI cpu LIx Command 006412 IPLO cpu OTx Command 160004 IPLI xfer STC Socket write 000000 status 2 IPLO xfer Socket read 000000 status 2 IPLI iobus Received...

Page 56: ... implemented as a three device set as follows MUXL the Lower Data PCA MUX the Upper Data PCA MUXC the Control PCA The Data PCAs provide the serial data line connections for terminals and data sets Five additional receive only auxiliary channels may be connected as a group under software control to one of the sixteen main channels to detect the incoming baud rate The Control PCA provides serial con...

Page 57: ...Data PCA are Option Action TERMINAL Connect using Telnet or serial ports default DIAGNOSTIC Connect using diagnostic test cables LINEORDER c1 c2 Set the channel connection order DISCONNECT chan Disconnect the specified channel SC n Set the interface card select codes default is 40 41 DEBUG option Enable tracing NODEBUG Disable tracing default ENABLED Enable the device default DISABLED Disable the ...

Page 58: ... NODATASET Disable modem control default LOG filename Enable I O logging NOLOG Disable I O logging default DISCONNECT Disconnect the channel Each channel may be set to one of four output modes UC 7B 7P or 8B The default mode is UC for all channels If the multiplexer is used with RTE driver DVS00 and logical driver LDV05 or DOS driver DVR73 and logical drivers PMT01 or PMT02 the mode must be change...

Page 59: ...m and sent to the CPU IOBUS I O bus signals and data words received and returned Tracing of the Lower PCA device may be configured by specifying these options Option Reporting Level CMDS Command initiations and completions CPU Words received from and sent to the CPU XFER Data receptions and transmissions IOBUS I O bus signals and data words received and returned The CMDS option traces the commands...

Page 60: ... 24 10 Transmit channel time channels 0 15 The RBUF and XBUF registers default to single character format display and entry but may be overridden with numeric format switches if desired 4 10 2 Control PCA The Control PCA provides the Request to Send CA and Data Terminal Ready CD control lines and the Data Set Ready CC and Carrier Detect CF status lines for each of sixteen terminals or data sets Th...

Page 61: ...onous Communications Interface card supplanted the 12531C Teletype and 12880A CRT interfaces as the primary terminal connection for HP computer systems The main advantage of this card over the others was its 128 character FIFO memory While this allowed more efficient I O than its interrupt per character predecessors the most significant improvement was that block input from the 264x series of CRT ...

Page 62: ...the interface card select code default is 35 DEBUG option Enable tracing NODEBUG Disable tracing default ENABLED Enable the device default DISABLED Disable the device Enabling DIAGNOSTIC mode simulates the installation of the HP 12966 60003 diagnostic test loopback connector onto the 12966A card In addition any current session is disconnected and the BACI is detached from the Telnet listening port...

Page 63: ...the following commands Command Action SHOW BACI Display the device and unit configuration SHOW BACI CONNECTION Display the active connection status SHOW BACI STATISTICS Display the I O statistics for the active connection When a debug log has been established tracing may be configured by specifying one or more of the reporting level options Option Reporting Level CMDS Command initiations and compl...

Page 64: ...RAM UARTTHR 16 8 UART transmitter holding register UARTTR 16 8 UART transmitter register UARTRHR 16 8 UART receiver holding register UARTRR 16 8 UART receiver register UARTCLK 16 10 UART transmitter receiver clock counter CTIME 19 10 Inter character poll time LKO 1 2 Interface interrupt lockout flip flop CTL 1 2 Interface control flip flop FLG 1 2 Interface flag flip flop FBF 1 2 Interface flag bu...

Page 65: ...these PCAs Attaching a disc image file to a unit simulates inserting a disc pack into a drive ATTACH R DPCn image filename Adding the R read only switch is equivalent to setting the drive s Upper and Lower Data Protect switches to the On position If the host operating system returns an error when reading or writing a disc image file the simulator will report the error to the simulation console e g...

Page 66: ...s unload and load the drive s heads from the disc pack setting the drive not ready and ready respectively UNLOAD provides a convenient method of setting a drive down without detaching the associated disc image file The PROTECT option prevents writing to the disc It is the hardware equivalent of setting the Upper and Lower Data Protect switches to the On position The UNPROTECT option permits writin...

Page 67: ... 2 Flag flip flop FBF 1 2 Flag buffer flip flop EOC 1 2 End of cylinder pending POLL 1 2 Attention polling enabled RARC 8 10 Record address register cylinder RARH 2 10 Record address register head RARS 4 10 Record address register sector CYL 0 3 8 10 Current cylinder drives 0 3 STA 0 3 16 8 Drive status drives 0 3 CTIME 24 10 Data transfer command delay time DTIME 24 10 Data channel command delay ...

Page 68: ...ault is 24 25 ENABLED Enable the device default DISABLED Disable the device When entering the SC option specify the lower select code with either device name the higher select code will be set automatically and the cards will be assigned in the correct order Device configuration may be displayed with the following command Command Action SHOW DQC Display the device and unit configuration Unit optio...

Page 69: ...hen the BOOT command is executed and are available to the boot extension program Loader execution ends with a jump indirect through location 2055 octal The success or failure of the transfer is not checked The Data PCA state contains these registers Name Size Radix Action IBUF 16 8 Input buffer OBUF 16 8 Output buffer DBUF 0 127 16 8 Sector buffer BPTR 7 10 Sector buffer pointer CMD 1 2 Command fl...

Page 70: ... Interface connects one HP 2770A or 2771A fixed head disc drive to the HP computer family The 12610B Drum Memory Interface connects one HP 2773A 2774A or 2775A fixed head drum drive Both interfaces consist of two Printed Circuit Assemblies installed in adjacent I O slots The Data PCA is assigned the higher priority lower numbered select code and the Control PCA is assigned the lower priority selec...

Page 71: ...be set automatically and the cards will be assigned in the correct order Device configuration may be displayed with the following command Command Action SHOW DRC Display the device and unit configuration Unit options that may be specified are Option Action 180K Use the 12606B interface and 2770A drive 360K Use the 12606B interface and 2771A drive 720K Use the 12606B interface and 2771A 001 drive 3...

Page 72: ...16 8 Command word STA 16 8 Status word RUN 1 2 Run flip flop TIME 24 10 Inter word transfer time 5 4 12821A Disc Interface with Four 7906H 7920H 7925H Drives The HP 12821A Disc Interface connects from one to four HP 7906H 20 MB 7920H 50 MB or 7925H 120 MB Integrated Controller Disc ICD drives to the HP 1000 These drives are identical to the 7906M 7920M and 7925M Multiple Access Controller MAC unit...

Page 73: ...ay be specified are Option Action ADDRESS n Set the HP IB address default is 0 DIAGNOSTIC Connect the HP IB cable to a second interface HPIB Connect the HP IB cable to the drives SC n Set the interface card select code default is 43 DEBUG option Enable tracing NODEBUG Disable tracing default ENABLED Enable the device default DISABLED Disable the device The ADDRESS option configures the interface t...

Page 74: ...ing to the disc It is the hardware equivalent of setting the 7906H Upper and Lower Disc Protect switches or the 7920H or 7925H Read Only switch to the On position The UNPROTECT option enables writing and is equivalent to setting the switches to Off Separate protection for the upper and lower platters of the 7906H drive is not supported The FORMAT option enables certain controller commands such as ...

Page 75: ...to status and read data the CPU The BUF option traces loads into and unloads from the interface FIFO The XFER option traces the data words read from or written to the disc The IOBUS option traces the I O backplane signals and data received and returned via the interface Examples of the trace formats follow DA rwsc Unit 1 position 1069056 seek disc command initiated DA rwsc Unit 1 seek disc command...

Page 76: ...drives to the HP 1000 The subsystem consists of the interface a 13037D Multiple Access Controller MAC and from one to eight MAC drives The subsystem uses DCPC to achieve a 937 5 KB second transfer rate to the CPU The disc controller connects from one to eight disc drives to interfaces installed in from one to eight CPUs The drives use a common command set and present data to the controller synchro...

Page 77: ...Options Device options that may be specified are Option Action SC n Set the interface card select code default is 34 DEBUG option Enable tracing NODEBUG Disable tracing default ENABLED Enable the device default DISABLED Disable the device Device configuration may be displayed with the following commands Command Action SHOW DS Display the device and unit configuration 5 5 2 Unit Options Unit option...

Page 78: ...MAT option inhibits these commands and permits only the standard Write command subject to the appropriate drive protection status Drive configuration may be displayed with the following command Command Action SHOW DS n Display the selected drive s configuration 5 5 3 BOOT command The interface supports the BOOT command to load a disc boot extension The BOOT DS command copies the HP 12992B boot loa...

Page 79: ...lay 3 service scheduled DS iobus Received data 021057 with signals IOO CLF EDT DS iobus Returned data 174163 The Disc Interface state contains these registers Name Size Radix Description CMFOL 1 2 Command follows flip flop CMRDY 1 2 Command ready flip flop FCNT 5 10 FIFO fill count FIFO 0 15 16 8 Data FIFO STATE 2 8 Controller state OPCODE 6 8 Current operation code STATUS 6 8 Last operation statu...

Page 80: ...0 7 controller and timer UOP 0 9 6 8 Current operation code drives 0 7 controller and timer USTAT 0 9 8 2 Unit status drives 0 7 controller and timer UPHASE 0 9 3 8 Current command state drives 0 7 controller and timer UPOS 0 9 32 8 Current byte position drives 0 7 controller and timer UWAIT 0 9 32 8 Scheduled wait delay drives 0 7 controller and timer ...

Page 81: ...ier are not supplied then SIMH tape image format is used Note that erase gaps embedded in the tape image file are supported only in SIMH image format mode If the host operating system returns an error when reading or writing a tape image file the simulator will report the error to the simulation console e g HP 2100 Magtape library I O error No space left on device If this or another tape library e...

Page 82: ...Tape Unit Interface with Four 7970B Drives 13183B Digital Magnetic Tape Unit Interface with Four 7970E Drives The HP 13181B and 13183B Digital Magnetic Tape Unit Interfaces connect from one to four HP 7970B 800 bpi NRZI and HP 7970E 1600 bpi PE inch magnetic tape drives respectively to the HP computer family Both interfaces consist of two Printed Circuit Assemblies installed in adjacent I O slots ...

Page 83: ... 13181 Use the 13181B interface and 7970B drives default 13183 Use the 13183B interface and 7970E drives FASTTIME Use optimized timing default REALTIME Use realistic timing SC n Set the interface card select codes defaults are 30 31 DEBUG option Enable tracing NODEBUG Disable tracing default ENABLED Enable the device default DISABLED Disable the device The 13181 and 13183 options set the interface...

Page 84: ...ize may be set to 600 1200 or 2400 foot capacity Setting the capacity or reel size to 0 specifies unlimited capacity in this configuration the interface never returns an end of tape indication The tape image format for future ATTACH commands may be set to one of the format identifiers listed above The unit must be detached when the format is set Drive configuration may be displayed with the follow...

Page 85: ...n traces the commands executed by the tape controller The RWS option traces the read write and status commands executed by the controller The CPU option traces words received from control and write data and sent to status and read data the CPU The IOBUS option traces the I O backplane signals and data received and returned via the interface Examples of the trace formats follow MSC cmds Unit 0 comm...

Page 86: ...t FSVC 1 2 First service flip flop CTL 1 2 Control flip flop FLG 1 2 Flag flip flop FBF 1 2 Flag buffer flip flop POS 0 3 32 10 Tape position drives 0 3 BTIME 24 10 BOT start delay time CTIME 24 10 Command delay time GTIME 24 10 Gap traversal time ITIME 24 10 IRG traversal time RTIME 24 10 Rewind initiation time XTIME 24 10 Inter word transfer time ...

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