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12-1

Section 12. Program Control
Instructions

The TD operating system does not use the output Flag 0. Commands dealing with it are
not valid.

Instructions 96 – Serial Output, 98 – Send Character, and 111 – Load Program from
Flash, are NOT in the TD operating system.

The instructions described in this section are only in the PakBus operating system.

Wireless Networks

More recent CR10X, CR510, and CR23X dataloggers with the PakBus
operating system use the PakBus communications protocol. In addition to
providing a robust means of packet based communication, the protocol allows
transfer of input location data from one datalogger to another, or from a
Campbell Scientific wireless sensor/datalogger (CR200 series datalogger) to a
"host" (or "master") TD datalogger.

The following is some general information on the requirements for successful
communication in a PakBus network.

Datalogger Requirements

PakBus communication requires the current PakBus operating system in the
CR10X, CR510, or CR23X datalogger. All CR200 Series dataloggers are
capable of PakBus communication.

All dataloggers in the PakBus network require a unique address. The address
for TD dataloggers is set in the *D15 mode. The address for the CR200
datalogger's is set using Pakcom software or LoggerNet version 2.1 or greater.

Communication Notes

PakBus dataloggers are also capable of Modbus communication. The Modbus
packet can ride on top of the PakBus packet or can be send independently.
Instruction 190 is used to set up a datalogger as a Modbus master device. The
datalogger's Modbus address is set in the *D8 mode of the datalogger. The
Modbus and Pakbus addresses for a datalogger cannot be the same.

In order to communicate to a datalogger via another datalogger from
LoggerNet's Connect window (e.g., communicating with a CR205 via a
CR10XTD-PB) the datalogger through which you will be communicating must
be set as a router. This is done by entering the number of remote dataloggers
that the router will be connecting to in the *D15 mode, parameter 2.

The PakBus instructions described in this section are often used in combination
with a CR200 series datalogger and the RF400 series spread spectrum radio.
Table 12-1 lists some of the advantages and disadvantages of different methods
of transferring data.

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Summary of Contents for CR510

Page 1: ...CR510 DATALOGGER OPERATOR S MANUAL REVISION 2 03 COPYRIGHT c 1986 2003 CAMPBELL SCIENTIFIC INC ...

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Page 3: ...ility or fitness for a particular purpose CAMPBELL SCIENTIFIC INC is not liable for special indirect incidental or consequential damages Products may not be returned without prior authorization To obtain a Returned Materials Authorization RMA contact CAMPBELL SCIENTIFIC INC phone 435 753 2342 After an applications engineer determines the nature of the problem an RMA number will be issued Please wr...

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Page 5: ...sing Computer with Datalogger Support Software OV 9 OV3 3 ASCII Terminal or Computer with Terminal Emulator OV 9 OV4 PROGRAMMING THE CR510 OV4 1 Programming Sequence OV 10 OV4 2 Instruction Format OV 10 OV4 3 Entering a Program OV 11 OV5 PROGRAMMING EXAMPLES OV5 1 Sample Program 1 OV 12 OV5 2 Editing an Existing Program OV 14 OV5 3 Setting the Datalogger Time OV 15 OV6 DATA RETRIEVAL OPTIONS OV 16...

Page 6: ... 1 4 2 Manually Initiated Data Output 8 Mode 4 3 4 3 Printer Output Formats 4 3 4 4 Storage Module 4 4 4 5 9 Mode SM192 716 Storage Module Commands 4 5 5 TELECOMMUNICATIONS 5 1 Telecommunications Commands 5 1 5 2 Remote Programming of the CR510 5 4 6 9 PIN SERIAL INPUT OUTPUT 6 1 Pin Description 6 1 6 2 Enabling and Addressing Peripherals 6 2 6 3 Ring Interrupts 6 3 6 4 Interrupts During Data Tran...

Page 7: ... Sampling Using Loops 8 6 INSTRUCTIONS 9 INPUT OUTPUT INSTRUCTIONS 9 1 10 PROCESSING INSTRUCTIONS 10 1 11 OUTPUT PROCESSING INSTRUCTIONS 11 1 12 PROGRAM CONTROL INSTRUCTIONS 12 1 MEASUREMENTS 13 CR510 MEASUREMENTS 13 1 Fast and Slow Measurement Sequence 13 1 13 2 Single Ended and Differential Voltage Measurements 13 2 13 3 The Effect of Sensor Lead Length on the Signal Settling Time 13 3 13 4 Brid...

Page 8: ... D 1 Introduction D 1 D 2 Example Phone Callback Program Based On A Condition D 1 D 3 PC208 DOS Computer Software and It s Computer Setup D 2 E CALL ANOTHER DATALOGGER VIA PHONE OR RF E 1 Introduction E 1 E 2 Programming E 1 E 3 Programming for the Calling CR510 E 1 E 4 Remote Datalogger Programming E 3 F MODBUS ON THE CR10 AND CR510 F 1 Terminology F 1 F 2 Communications and Compatibility F 1 F 3...

Page 9: ...e of the lithium battery is found in the 8th window of the B mode The voltage of a new battery is approximately 3 volts The lithium battery must be replaced when its voltage falls below 2 4 VDC Section 14 11 TWO FINAL STORAGE AREAS Final Storage can be divided into two parts Final Storage Area 1 and Final Storage Area 2 Final Storage Area 1 is the default storage area and the only one used if the ...

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Page 11: ...t resolution for data stored in Final Storage is low resolution maximum value of 6999 Results exceeding 6999 are stored as 6999 unless Instruction 78 is used to store the values in Final Storage as high resolution values Sections 2 2 1 and 11 5 Floating Point Format The computations performed in the CR510 use floating point arithmetic CSI s 4 byte floating point numbers contain a 23 bit binary man...

Page 12: ...lied to a control port can cause the CR510 to malfunction and damage the datalogger 5 Voltage pulses can be counted by CR510 Pulse Counters configured for High Frequency Pulses However when the pulse is actually a low frequency signal below about 10 Hz AND the positive voltage excursion exceeds 5 6 VDC the 5 VDC supply will start to rise upsetting all analog measurements Pulses whose positive volt...

Page 13: ...ons Once familiar with the CR510 it is possible to program it using only the Prompt Sheet as a reference consulting the manual if further detail is needed Short Cut is an easy to use DOS based software program It features point and click menus to guide you through the process of creating simple CR510 programs In addition to the downloadable program file Short Cut creates a table to simplify wiring...

Page 14: ...ld be connected to a good earth ground Section 14 7 1 OV1 7 5V OUTPUT The 5V 0 2 output is commonly used to power peripherals such as the QD1 Incremental Encoder Interface and AVW1 Vibrating Wire Interface The 5V output is common with pin 1 on the 9 pin serial connector 200 mA is the maximum combined current output OV1 8 SERIAL I O The 9 pin serial I O port contains lines for serial communication ...

Page 15: ...s used to view Input Storage locations for checking current sensor readings or calculated values Input Storage defaults to 28 locations Additional locations can be assigned using the A Mode 4 Intermediate Storage Certain Processing Instructions and most of the Output Processing Instructions maintain intermediate results in Intermediate Storage Intermediate storage is automatically accessed by the ...

Page 16: ...tored in the Active Program areas If the CR510 is powered off and then on the Active Program is loaded from Flash and run The Active Program is run in SRAM to maximize speed The program accesses Input Storage and Intermediate Storage and stores data into Final Storage for later retrieval by the user The Active Program can be copied into the Stored Programs area While 98 program names are available...

Page 17: ...able 2 have independent execution intervals entered in units of seconds with an allowable range of 1 8 to 8191 seconds Subroutine Table 3 has no execution interval subroutines are only executed when called from Table 1 or 2 OV2 2 1 THE EXECUTION INTERVAL The execution interval specifies how often the program in the table is executed which is usually determined by how often the sensors are to be me...

Page 18: ...ge destination Multiplier and offset parameters allow conversion of linear signals into engineering units The Digital I O Ports are also addressed with I O Instructions 2 PROCESSING INSTRUCTIONS 30 68 Section 10 perform numerical operations on values located in Input Storage and store the results back in Input Storage These instructions can be used to develop high level algorithms to process measu...

Page 19: ...ted in Input Storage Summaries for Final Storage are generated when a Program Control Instruction sets the Output Flag in response to time or events Results may be redirected to Input Storage for further processing Examples include sums averages max min standard deviation histograms etc Output Flag set high FINAL STORAGE Final results from OUTPUT PROCESSING INSTRUCTIONS are stored here for on line...

Page 20: ...CR510 has powered up the display is meaningless until is pressed to enter a mode This manual describes direct interaction with the CR510 If you have a CR10KD work through the direct programming examples in this overview in addition to using EDLOG and you will have the basics of CR510 operation as well as an appreciation for the help provided by the software OV3 1 1 FUNCTIONAL MODES CR510 User inte...

Page 21: ...ed and stored in a file for future use The simplest and most common interface is the SC32A Optically Isolated RS232 Interface The SC32A converts and optically isolates the voltages passing between the CR510 and the external terminal device The SC12 Two Peripheral cable which comes with the SC32A is used to connect the serial I O port of the CR510 to the 9 pin port of the SC32A labeled Datalogger C...

Page 22: ...y 10 minutes instead of every 5 minutes Execution intervals and output intervals set with Instruction 92 are synchronized with datalogger time starting at midnight OV4 2 INSTRUCTION FORMAT Instructions are identified by an instruction number Each instruction has a number of parameters that give the CR510 the information it needs to execute the instruction The CR510 Prompt Sheet has the instruction...

Page 23: ... interaction with the CR510 using the CR10KD At the beginning of each example is an EDLOG listing of the program You can also participate in the example by entering the program in EDLOG and sending it to the CR510 and viewing measurements with Campbell s datalogger support software If you have the CR10KD work through the examples as well as using EDLOG You will learn the basics of CR510 operation ...

Page 24: ...mmed to read its own internal temperature using a built in thermistor every 5 seconds and to send the results to Final Storage Display Will Show Key ID Data Explanation 00 00 Enter mode 1 01 0000 Enter Program Table 1 A 01 0 0000 Advance to execution interval In seconds 5 01 5 Key in an execution interval of 5 seconds A 01 P00 Enter the 5 second execution interval and advance to the first program ...

Page 25: ...ions 1 01 1 There is only one input location to sample repetitions 1 A 02 0000 Enter 1 and advance to second parameter Input Storage location to sample 1 02 1 Input Storage Location 1 where the temperature is stored A 04 P00 Enter 1 and advance to fourth program instruction 00 00 Exit Table 1 0 LOG 1 Enter 0 Mode compile program log data The CR510 is now programmed to measure the internal temperat...

Page 26: ...ess A Note that the new value is not entered until A is keyed SAMPLE PROGRAM 2 Instruction Parameter Loc Entry Par Entry Description 1 Enter Program Table 1 01 60 60 second 1 minute execution interval Key D until 01 P00 Erase previous Program before is displayed continuing 01 P11 Measure reference temperature 01 1 Store temp in Location 1 02 5 03 3 04 1 05 1 0 06 0 0 02 P92 If Time instruction 01 ...

Page 27: ...m Final Storage to Storage Module 09 P96 Activate Serial Data Output 1 71 Output Final Storage data to Storage Module OV5 3 SETTING THE DATALOGGER TIME The next example shows how to set the datalogger date and time using the CR10KD Here the example reverts back to the key by key format Key Display Explanation 5 00 21 32 Enter 5 Mode Clock running but perhaps not set correctly A 05 0000 Advance to ...

Page 28: ... accumulated in Final Storage since the last visit 3 Retrieve the data over some form of telecommunications link whether it be RF telephone short haul modem or satellite This can be performed under program control or by regularly scheduled polling of the dataloggers Campbell Scientific s Datalogger Support Software automates this process Regardless of which method is used the retrieval of data fro...

Page 29: ...2 716 STORAGE MODULES STORAGE MODULE OR CARD BROUGHT FROM THE FIELD TO THE COMPUTER SC12 CABLES DC1765 CELLULAR PHONE COM200 PHONE MODEM COM100 CELLULAR PHONE SRM 5A RAD SHORTHAUL MODEM SRM 5A RAD SHORTHAUL MODEM RF TRANSCEIVER W ANTENNA CABLE RF TRANSCEIVER W ANTENNA CABLE RF MODEM RF BASE STATION RS 232 CABLE NOTES 1 ADDITIONAL METHODS OF DATA RETRIEVAL ARE A SATELLITE TRANSMISSION B DIRECT DUMP...

Page 30: ...counted HIGH FREQUENCY PULSE MODE Minimum Pulse Width 1 2 µs Maximum Input Frequency 400 kHz Maximum Input Voltage 20 V Voltage Thresholds Count upon transition from below 1 5 V to above 3 5 V at low frequen cies Larger input transitions are required at high frequencies because of input filter with 1 2 µs time constant Signals up to 400 kHz will be counted if centered around 2 5 V with deviations ...

Page 31: ...ith the instruction s multiplier and offset and the result placed in Input Storage Additional processing requires extra time The throughput rate is the rate at which a measurement can be made and the resulting value stored in Final Storage The maximum throughput rate for fast single ended measurements with standard software is 192 measurements per second 12 measurements repeated 16 times per secon...

Page 32: ...d as a result of port 2 going high that port interrupt is disabled i e the subroutine must be completed before the port going high will have any effect 1 1 4 4 PARAMETER ENTRY TABLE The 4 mode is a table with up to one hundred values Each value corresponds to an instruction parameter in the datalogger program When the datalogger compiles the program values in the 4 table are transferred to the cor...

Page 33: ... can not be displayed in the 4 mode To enter a value in a 4 location advance to the desired location key in the number and enter it by pressing the A key The value is not entered if the A key is not pressed Entering a new value causes the datalogger to stop logging Logging resumes when the program is compiled Upon compiling all current 4 values are incorporated into the program For this reason whe...

Page 34: ...different number of samples than normal Totalized values will reflect the different number of samples The pulse count instruction will use the previous interval s value if an option has been selected to discard odd intervals otherwise it will use the count accumulated in the interval TABLE 1 2 1 Sequence of Time Parameters in 5 Mode Display Key ID DATA Description 5 HH MM SS Display current time A...

Page 35: ... 1 indicates the flag is set or high In the above example Flags 4 and 7 are set To toggle a flag simply press the corresponding number To return to displaying the input location press A Entering appropriate flag tests into the program allows manual control of program execution For example to manually start the execution of Table 2 enter Instruction 91 as the first instruction in Table 2 The first ...

Page 36: ...e monitored using the 7 Mode Section 2 3 Intermediate Storage is a scratch pad for Output Processing Instructions It is used to store the results of intermediate calculations necessary for averages standard deviations histograms etc Intermediate Storage is not accessible by the user Each Input or Intermediate Storage location requires 4 bytes of memory Each Final Storage location requires 2 bytes ...

Page 37: ...nd stored in the Active Program areas If the CR510 is powered off and then on the Active Program is loaded from Flash and run The Active Program is run in SRAM to maximize speed The program accesses Input Storage and Intermediate Storage and stores data into Final Storage for later retrieval by the user The Active Program can be copied into the Stored Programs area While 98 program names are avail...

Page 38: ...cations The size of Final Storage Area 1 will be adjusted automatically The maximum size of Input and Intermediate Storage and the minimum size of Final Storage are determined by the memory installed Figure 1 5 1 A minimum 28 Input location and one Final Storage Area 1 location will ALWAYS be retained The size of Intermediate Storage may be reduced to 0 TABLE 1 5 2 Description of A Mode Data Keybo...

Page 39: ...d memory is checked Memory allocation returns to the default The reset operation requires approximately 1 minute for a CR510 5 minutes for a CR510 1M and 10 minutes for a CR510 2M Please be patient while the reset takes place if the CR510 is turned off in the middle of a reset it will perform the reset the next time it is powered up 1 6 MEMORY TESTING AND SYSTEM STATUS B The B Mode is used to chec...

Page 40: ...m battery voltage measured daily A 09 XX Low 12 V battery detect counter Key in 88 to reset A 10 XX Extended memory error counter Key in 88 to reset A 11 X XXXX Extended Memory time of erase seconds TABLE 1 7 1 C Mode Entries SECURITY DISABLED Keyboard Display Entry ID Data Description C 01 XXXX Non zero password blocks entry to 1 2 3 A and D Modes A 02 XXXX Non zero password blocks 4 5 and 6 exce...

Page 41: ...y be stored to and from computers internal flash memory and Storage Modules Several programs can be stored in the CR510 Flash Memory and later recalled and run using the D Mode or Instruction 111 Campbell Scientific s datalogger support software automatically makes use of the D Mode to upload and download programs from a computer Appendix C gives some additional information on Commands 1 and 2 tha...

Page 42: ...A advances to the next newer program B backs up to the next older program While scrolling at any time typing in a number xxA will cause a save or a retrieve operation Each program saved takes up the memory required for the program 6 bytes Flash memory can only be written to once before being erased Because it can only be erased in 16K blocks if one stored program is to be erased all must be erased...

Page 43: ...he CR510 is set for half duplex You may now change the option 0A Set full duplex 1A Set half duplex 1 8 4 SET DATALOGGER ID Command 8 is used to set the datalogger ID The ID can be moved to an input location with Instruction 117 and can then be sampled as part of the data TABLE 1 8 7 Setting Datalogger ID Key Entry Display D 13 00 8A 08 0XXX Where XXX are 0s or the current ID You may now key in th...

Page 44: ...SECTION 1 FUNCTIONAL MODES 1 14 This is a blank page ...

Page 45: ...ry locations Final Storage can be divided into two parts Final Storage Area 1 and Final Storage Area 2 Final Storage Area 1 is the default storage area and the only one used if the operator does not specifically allocate memory to Area 2 Two Final Storage Areas may be used to 1 Output different data to different devices 2 Separate archive data from real time display data In other words you can rec...

Page 46: ...are stored in Final Storage before being transmitted to an external device There are 4 pointers for each Final Storage Area which are used to keep track of data transmission These pointers are 1 Display Pointer DPTR 2 Printer Pointer PPTR 3 Telecommunications Modem Pointer MPTR 4 Storage Module Pointer SPTR The DPTR is used to recall data to the keyboard display The positioning of this pointer and...

Page 47: ...est numbers that can be stored and processed are 9 x 1018 and 1 x 10 19 respectively The size of the number determines the resolution of the arithmetic A rough approximation of the resolution is that it is better than 1 in the seventh digit For example the resolution of 97 386 924 is better than 10 The resolution of 0 0086731924 is better than 0 000000001 A precise calculation of the resolution of...

Page 48: ...and B backs up to the previous array 0A backs up to the start of the current array The keyboard commands used in the 7 Mode are summarized in Table 2 3 1 Advancing the DPTR past the Data Storage Pointer DSP displays the oldest data point Upon entering the 7 Mode the oldest Output Array can be accessed by pressing the A key TABLE 2 3 1 7 Mode Command Summary Key Action A Advance to next data point ...

Page 49: ...ctions is used to repeat the instruction on a number of sequential Input Channels or Input Storage locations For example if you are making 2 differential voltage measurements on the same voltage range wire the inputs to sequential channels and enter the Differential Voltage Measurement Instruction once with 2 repetitions rather than entering 2 separate measurement instructions The instruction will...

Page 50: ...permanently damage the CR510 NOTE Voltages in excess of 5 5 volts applied to a control port can cause the CR510 to malfunction 3 6 OUTPUT PROCESSING Most Output Processing Instructions have both an Intermediate Data Processing operation and a Final Data Processing operation For example when the Average Instruction 71 is initiated the intermediate processing operation increments a sample count and ...

Page 51: ...rocessed data values is placed in Final Data Storage by Output Processing Instructions when the Output Flag Flag 0 is set high This group of data is called an Output Array The Output Flag is set using Program Control Instructions according to time or event dependent intervals specified by the user The Output Flag is set low at the beginning of each execution of the program table Output is most oft...

Page 52: ... fails the flag is set low This feature eliminates having to enter another instruction to specifically reset Flag 9 low before proceeding to another group of test conditions 3 7 3 USER FLAGS Flags 1 8 are not dedicated to a specific purpose and are available to the user for general programming needs The user flags can be manually toggled from the keyboard in the 6 Mode Section 1 3 By inserting the...

Page 53: ... P86 1 41 Set Port 1 High 3 Else P94 Instruction s to execute if above condition is false 4 Do P86 1 51 Set Port 1 Low 5 End P95 FIGURE 3 8 2 Logical AND Construction Logical AND construction example Check first condition 6 If X F P89 1 1 X Loc DO_ppm 2 4 3 3 5 F 4 30 Then Do AND check second condition 7 If X F P89 1 2 X Loc Counter 2 3 3 10 F 4 30 Then Do Instruction s to execute if both conditio...

Page 54: ... test see Instruction 93 Section 12 CASE Logic construction example 18 CASE P93 1 3 Case Loc Reading 19 If Case Location F P83 1 1 8 F 2 30 Then Do See Section 9 for details of this Instruction 20 AC Half Bridge P5 21 End P95 22 If Case Location F P83 1 9 25 F 2 30 Then do See Section 9 for details of this Instruction 23 Full Bridge P6 24 End P95 25 If Case Location F P83 1 280 F 2 30 Then do See ...

Page 55: ...e and Final Storage locations Tables 3 9 1 to 3 9 4 list the memory used by each instruction and the approximate time required to execute it When attempting to make a series of measurements and calculations at a fast rate it is important to examine the time required for the automatic calibration sequence and possibly make use of the program controlled calibration Instruction 24 Section 13 7 descri...

Page 56: ...SECTION 3 INSTRUCTION SET BASICS 3 8 ...

Page 57: ... 4 41 Z EXP X 1 0 6 6 6 42 Z 1 X 1 0 6 2 9 43 Z ABS X 1 0 6 1 0 44 Z FRAC X 1 0 6 1 1 45 Z INT X 1 0 6 1 4 46 Z X MOD F 1 0 10 3 5 47 Z X Y 1 0 8 14 9 48 Z SIN X 1 0 6 7 3 49 SPA MAX 1 or 2 0 8 2 7 0 6 swath 50 SPA MIN 1 or 2 0 8 2 3 0 6 swath 51 SPA AVG 1 0 8 3 0 0 6 swath 52 RUNNING AVG 1 R par 4 R 1 11 2 1 3 7R 53 A X B 4 0 36 3 5 54 BLOCK MOVE R 0 10 0 3 0 2R 55 POLYNOMIAL R 0 31 1 2 2 0 0 4 o...

Page 58: ...7 REAL TIME 0 1 to 4 4 0 2 3 8 78 RESOLUTION 0 0 3 0 4 0 4 79 SMPL ON MM R R 7 0 4 1 7 1 1R 80 STORE AREA1 0 0 7 0 3 0 3 82 STD DEV 1 3R R 7 1 5 2 0R 2 9 2 1R 1Output values may be sent to either Final Storage area or Input Storage with Instruction 80 TABLE 3 9 4 Program Control Instruction Memory and Execution Times MEMORY INTER PROG INSTRUCTION LOC BYTES EXECUTION TIME ms 83 IF CASE F 0 10 0 5 8...

Page 59: ...e changed Error 8 is the result of a hardware and software watchdog that checks the processor state software timers and program related counters The watchdog will attempt to reset the processor and program execution if it finds that the processor has bombed or is neglecting standard system updates or if the counters are out of allowable limits Error code 08 is flagged when the watchdog performs th...

Page 60: ...truction does not exist 41 Editor Incorrect execution interval 60 Compile Insufficient Input Storage 92 Compile Instruction 92 intervals in seconds Time into Interval 59 or Interval 60 94 D MODE Program Storage Area full 95 D MODE Program does not exist in Flash memory 96 D MODE Addressed device not connected or wrong address see Table 1 8 2 97 D MODE Data not received within 30 seconds 98 D MODE ...

Page 61: ...M192 SM716 and CSM1 Storage Modules are addressed The CR510 can tell when the addressed device is present The CR510 will not send data meant for the Storage module if the Storage Module is not present Section 4 4 2 Other addressed devices include the CR10KD and voice modems The 9 Mode Section 4 5 allows the user to communicate directly with the Storage Module and to perform several functions inclu...

Page 62: ...ddressed However there is not a pin specifically dedicated to print enable When a pin enabled print output is specified the SDE line which is normally used in the addressing sequence is used as a print enable This allows some compatibility with the CR21 21X and CR7 dataloggers which have a Print Enable line The pin enabled print option will result in garbage being sent to the print peripheral if a...

Page 63: ... frequently than this for routine maintenance Thus data storage capacity would not be a factor in determining how frequently to visit the site The output device codes used with the 8 Mode are the same as those used with Instruction 96 Table 4 1 1 with the exception of the option to transfer data from one Final Storage area to the other 80 81 Table 4 2 1 lists the keystrokes required to initiate a ...

Page 64: ...mark follows the data from the first CR510 but precedes the data from the second The SM192 has 192K bytes of RAM storage the SM716 has 716K bytes Both can be configured as either ring or fill and stop memory The size of memory in the CSM1 depends on the PC Card used The CSM1 is always fill and stop 4 4 1 STORAGE MODULE ADDRESSING The CSM1 does not support individual addresses Use address 1 when se...

Page 65: ... an execution of P96 the user can Leave the Storage Module connected for a time period longer than an execution interval or Use the SC90 9 Pin Serial Line Monitor The SC90 contains an LED which lights up during data transmission The user connects the SM to the CR510 with the SC90 on the line and waits for the LED to light When the light goes off data transfer is complete and the SM can be disconne...

Page 66: ... DISPLAY DATA Select the Storage Module Area with these codes 0 Dump pointer to SRP 1 File 1 current file 2 File 2 previous to file 1 3 File 3 previous to file 2 4 File 4 previous to file 3 5 File 5 previous to file 4 7 Display pointer to SRP 9 Oldest data to SRP 1 5 will loop within file boundaries 0 7 9 allow display to cross boundaries 07 XXXXXX SM location at end of area selected Key A to adva...

Page 67: ... has been designed to meet the most common needs in datalogger support and telecommunications Therefore this section does not furnish sufficient detail to write telecommunications software Appendix B contains some details of binary data transfer and Campbell Scientific s binary data format The emphasis of this section is on the commands that a person would use when manually i e keyed in by hand in...

Page 68: ...e start bit and one stop bit After the CR510 answers a ring or completes a command it waits about 40 seconds 127 seconds in the Remote Keyboard State for a valid character to arrive It hangs up if it does not receive a valid character in this time interval Some modems are quite noisy when not on line it is possible for valid characters to appear in the noise pattern To insure that this situation d...

Page 69: ...o number defaults to 1 and advanced to the nearest start of array CR510 sends the Area MPTR Location and Checksum Ax Lxxxxxxx Cxxxx YR DAY HR MM SS C RESET SEND TIME If time is entered the time is reset If only 2 colons are in the time string HR MM SS is assumed 3 colons means DAY HR MM SS If only the C is entered time is unaltered CR510 returns year Julian day hr min sec and Checksum Y xx Dxxxx T...

Page 70: ...logger with the terminal emulator program The CR510 is placed in the Remote Keyboard State by sending either 7H or 2718H and a carriage return CR The CR510 responds by sending a CR line feed LF and the prompt The CR510 is then ready to receive the standard keyboard commands it recognizes all the standard CR510 keyboard characters plus several additional characters including the decimal point the m...

Page 71: ... RING I Ring Raised by a peripheral to put the CR510 in the telecommunications mode 4 RXD I Receive Data Serial data transmitted by a peripheral are received on pin 4 5 ME O Modem Enable Raised when the CR510 determines that a modem raised the ring line PIN ABR I O Description 6 SDE O Synchronous Device Enable Used to address Synchronous Devices SDs and can be used as an enable line for printers 7...

Page 72: ... CR510 Print Peripherals are defined as peripherals which have an asynchronous serial communications port used to RECEIVE data transferred by the CR510 In most cases the print peripheral is a printer but could also be an on line computer or other device Synchronous Device Enable SDE pin 6 may be used to enable a print peripheral only when no other addressable peripherals are connected to the 9 pin...

Page 73: ...er a key is pressed The CR10KD will not be serviced when the modem or RF SDC is being serviced The ring from the CR10KD is blocked when the SDE line is high preventing it from interrupting data transfer to a pin enabled print device FIGURE 6 3 1 Servicing of Ring Interrupts 6 4 INTERRUPTS DURING DATA TRANSFER Instruction 96 is used for on line data transfer to peripherals Section 4 1 Each peripher...

Page 74: ...0 has the ability to address Synchronous Devices SDs SDs differ from enabled peripherals Section 6 2 1 in that they are not enabled solely by a hardware line An SD is enabled by an address synchronously clocked from the CR510 Up to 16 SDs may be addressed by the CR510 requiring only three pins of the 9 pin connector Synchronous Device Communication SDC discussed here is for those peripherals which...

Page 75: ...ive SDs ignore data on the TXD line and are not allowed to use the CLK HS or RXD lines Inactive SDs may raise the Ring line to request service STATE 5 State 5 is a branch from State 1 when the SDE line is high and the CLK HS line is low The SDs must drop the Ring line in this state This state is not used by SDs The CR510 must force the SDs back to the reset state from State 5 before addressing SDs...

Page 76: ...nal to the SC32A Clear to Send CTS pin 5 Data Set Ready DSR pin 6 and Data Carrier Detect DCD pin 8 are held high by the SC32A when the RS232 section is powered which should satisfy hardware handshake requirements of the computer terminal Table 6 7 2 lists the most common RS232 configuration for Data Terminal Equipment TABLE 6 7 2 DTE Pin Configuration PIN 25 pin connector number ABR Abbreviation ...

Page 77: ...t is always a space and the stop bit is always a mark Between characters the signal is in the marking condition Figure 6 7 1 shows how the ASCII character 1 is transmitted When transmitted by the CR510 using the SC32A RS232 interface spacing and marking voltages are positive and negative as shown Signal voltages at the CR510 I O port are 5V in the spacing condition and 0V in the marking condition ...

Page 78: ...in functions must match Table 6 7 2 If you are using a computer to communicate with the datalogger communication software must be used to enable the serial port and to make the computer function as a terminal The port should be enabled for 300 1200 or 9600 baud 8 data bits 1 stop bit and no parity Campbell Scientific s GraphTerm PC208E PC208W and TCOM provide this function If you are not sure that...

Page 79: ...d the temperatures are stored in Input Locations 1 3 CONNECTIONS The black leads from the probes go to excitation channel 1 the purple leads go to analog ground AG the clear leads go to ground G and the red leads go to single ended channels 1 2 and 3 channel 1H channel 1L and channel 2H respectively PROGRAM 01 Temp 107 P11 1 3 Reps 2 1 SE Channel 3 1 Excite all reps w E1 4 1 Loc 107_T_1 5 1 Mult 6...

Page 80: ... is used to measure the temperature portion of the HMP45C Probe It makes a single ended voltage measurement and calculates temperature with a fifth order polynomial A multiplier of 1 0 and offset of 0 0 yields temperature in degrees Celsius Instruction 4 is used to measure relative humidity It provides an excitation voltage to power the RH sensor A 150 millisecond delay is allowed for warm up befo...

Page 81: ...opper wheel The photochopper circuitry is powered from the CR510 12 V supply AC power or back up batteries should be used to compensate for the increased current drain Wind speed is desired in meters per second m s There is a pulse each time a window in the chopper wheel which revolves with the cups allows light to pass from the source to the photoreceptor Because there are 10 windows in the chopp...

Page 82: ... 6 100 OHM PRT IN 4 WIRE HALF BRIDGE Instruction 9 is the best choice for accuracy where the Platinum Resistance Thermometer PRT is separated from other bridge completion resistors by a lead length having more than a few thousandths of an ohm resistance In this example it is desired to measure a temperature in the range of 10 to 40 C The length of the cable from the CR510 to the PRT is 500 feet Fi...

Page 83: ...bath 0 C Rs R0 and the result of the bridge measurement is read using the 6 Mode The reading is Rs Rf which is equal to Ro Rf since Rs Ro The correct value of the multiplier Rf R0 is the reciprocal of this reading The initial reading assumed for this example was 0 9890 The correct multiplier is Rf R0 1 0 9890 1 0111 The fixed 100 ohm resistor must be thermally stable Its precision is not important...

Page 84: ... expected in wire resistance is 2 but is more likely to be on the order of 1 The resistance of Rs calculated with Instruction 7 is actually Rs plus the difference in resistance of wires A and B The average resistance of 22 AWG wire is 16 5 ohms per 1000 feet which would give each 500 foot lead wire a nominal resistance of 8 3 ohms Two percent of 8 3 ohms is 0 17 ohms Assuming that the greater resi...

Page 85: ...3 The resistance of the PRT Rs is calculated with the Bridge Transform Instruction 59 Rs R1 X 1 X Where X X 1000 R3 R2 R3 Thus to obtain the value Rs R0 R0 Rs 0 C for the temperature calculating Instruction 16 the multiplier and offset used in Instruction 6 are 0 001 and R3 R2 R3 respectively The multiplier used in Instruction 59 to obtain Rs R0 is R1 R0 5000 100 50 It is desired to control the te...

Page 86: ...easurement made with a Druck PDCR 1230 depth measurement pressure transducer The pressure transducer was ordered for use with 5 volt positive or negative excitation and has a range of 5 psi or about 3 5 meters of water The transducer is used to measure the depth of water in a stilling well Instruction 6 4 Wire Full Bridge is used to measure the pressure transducer The high output of the semiconduc...

Page 87: ...ight of the lysimeter with its container is approximately 8000 kg The lysimeter has a mechanically adjustable counter balance and changes in weight are measured with a 250 pound 113 6 kg capacity Sensotec Model 41 tension compression load cell The load cell has a 4 1 mechanical advantage on the lysimeter i e a change of 4 kg in the mass of the lysimeter will change the force on the load cell by 1 ...

Page 88: ...9 7 Vx 92 Vx The excitation voltage has increased by 1 relative to the voltage applied at the CR510 In the case where we were recording a 91 mm change in water content there would be a 1 mm diurnal change in the recorded water content that would actually be due to the change in temperature Instruction 9 solves this problem by actually measuring the voltage drop across the load cell bridge The draw...

Page 89: ...nge in resistance of the block An AC Half Bridge Instruction 5 is used to determine the resistance of the gypsum block Rapid reversal of the excitation voltage inhibits polarization of the sensor Polarization creates an error in the output so the fast integration option is used The output of Instruction 5 is the ratio of the output voltage to the excitation voltage this output is converted to gyps...

Page 90: ...10 Instruction 4 Excite Delay and Measure is used because the high source resistance of the probe requires a long input settling time Section 10 3 1 The excitation voltage is 2000 mV the same as used in the CR21 The signal voltage is then transformed to temperature using the Polynomial Instruction The manual for the 101 Probe gives the coefficients of the 5th order polynomial used to convert the o...

Page 91: ...uency and ending with the highest The lowest and highest frequencies are entered by the user in units of hundreds of Hz This swept frequency causes the wire to vibrate at each of the individual frequencies Ideally all of the frequencies except the one matching the resonant frequency of the wire will die out in a very short time The wire will vibrate with the resonant frequency for a relatively lon...

Page 92: ...e desired units i e feet of water per digit and multiply by 1000 digits kHz 2 TEMPERATURE CORRECTION The temperature correction is applied as follows PT P C t1 t0 where PT Pressure corrected for temperature C C Temperature coefficient PSI C from Geokon calibration sheet t0 t1 Initial and current temperatures C The temperature coefficient C must be converted to units compatible with the gage factor...

Page 93: ...d by subtracting the Reading from the Offset as shown in Figure 7 13 2 The Initial Distance to the water surface is measured with a chalked line to be 47 23 feet below the lip The first time the program is executed the program calculates the offset Offset Distance Reading required to obtain a reading of 47 23 feet The offset is stored in Location 4 and applied to subsequent measurements NOTE Follo...

Page 94: ...Channel 4 1 Excite all reps w Exchan 1 5 1 Delay units 0 01 sec 6 2500 mV Excitation 7 1 Loc Temp 8 001 Mult 9 0 Offset 02 Polynomial P55 1 1 Reps 2 1 X Loc Temp 3 1 F X Loc Temp 4 104 78 C0 5 378 11 C1 6 611 59 C2 7 544 27 C3 8 240 91 C4 9 43 089 C5 03 Vibrating Wire SE P28 1 1 Reps 2 2 SE Channel 3 1 Excite all reps w Exchan 1 4 24 Starting Freq units 100 Hz 5 32 End Freq units 100 Hz 6 500 No o...

Page 95: ...0 01 resistor to convert the 4 to 20 mA range to 400 to 2000 mV The millivolt range was found using the relationship V IR where V is voltage I is current and R is resistance e g the voltage at 40 C is given by V 4 mA 100 Ω 400 mV The dew point sensor is measured with Instruction 2 Volt Diff The multiplier for dew point temperature is found with the following relationship 70 C 40 C 2000 mV 400 mV 0...

Page 96: ... 7 MEASUREMENT PROGRAMMING EXAMPLES 7 18 4H 4L AG G 12V G CR10X H L GND 4 to 20 mA Sensor 100 Ω 0 01 CURS100 CR510 1H 1L AG FIGURE 7 14 1 Wiring Diagram for CURS100 Terminal Input Module and 4 to 20 mA Sensor ...

Page 97: ...m for computing this average must be programmed by the user The following example demonstrates a program for computing a running average In this example each time a new measurement is made in this case the CR510 internal temperature an average is computed for the 10 most recent samples This is done by saving all 10 temperatures in contiguous input locations and using the Spatial Average Instructio...

Page 98: ...3 10 Set Output Flag High 03 Set Active Storage Area P80 1 3 Input Storage Area 2 3 Array ID or Loc avg_i 04 Average P71 1 1 Reps 2 5 Loc XX_mg_M3 05 Spatial Average P51 1 3 Swath 2 1 First Loc avg_i_2 3 4 Avg Loc 3_Hr_avg 06 Set Active Storage Area P80 1 1 Final Storage Area 1 2 25 Array ID or Loc _________ 07 Real Time P77 1 0110 Day Hour Minute 08 Sample P70 1 1 Reps 2 4 Loc 3_Hr_avg 09 If Flag...

Page 99: ...the program was actually compiled and started running If the table overran its execution interval Section 1 1 1 the output interval would not be the count multiplied by the execution interval but some longer interval In this example a temperature 107 Temperature Probe is measured every 0 5 seconds and the average output every 30 seconds PROGRAM Table 1 Program 01 0 5 Execution Interval seconds 01 ...

Page 100: ...en faced with the necessity of strip chart output the following algorithm can be used to change a 0 360 degree input to 0 540 If you have a 0 540 pot it can be used with the CR510 since the Wind Vector Instruction 69 will work with this output To change 0 360 degrees to the 0 540 degrees 360 degrees must sometimes be added to the reading when it is in the range of 0 to 180 The following algorithm ...

Page 101: ...is set high The input location is used as a down counter The flag indicates an event has occurred and prevents the input location from being reloaded until 11 seconds have passed The down counter is decremented by 1 each time the table is executed When it equals 0 all the data in Final Storage Area 2 is transferred to Final Storage Area 1 using Instruction 96 and Flag 1 is set low The down counter...

Page 102: ...0 minutes The drawdown portion of the test is completed at some time greater than 1000 minutes at which time the operator sets Flag 1 low At the next 10 minute pass through loop 6 the loop is exited and program execution returns to the top of the program table To enter the recharge phase of the test the operator enters the 6AD Mode and sets Flag 1 high and the measurement schedule starts over agai...

Page 103: ...tes 14 Beginning of Loop P87 1 30 Delay 2 140 Loop Count 15 Do P86 1 1 Call Subroutine 1 16 End P95 Loop 6 Output every 10 minutes until stopped by user 17 Beginning of Loop P87 1 60 Delay 2 0 Loop Count 18 Do P86 1 1 Call Subroutine 1 19 If Flag Port P91 1 21 Do if Flag 1 is Low 2 31 Exit Loop if True 20 End P95 Table 3 Subroutines 01 Beginning of Subroutine P85 1 1 Subroutine 1 02 Full Bridge P6...

Page 104: ...SECTION 8 PROCESSING AND PROGRAM CONTROL EXAMPLES 8 8 This is a blank page ...

Page 105: ...gle ended measurements 2 DIFFERENTIAL VOLTS FUNCTION This Instruction reads the voltage difference between the high and low inputs of a differential channel Table 9 1 contains all valid voltage ranges and their codes Both the high and low inputs must be within 2 5 V of the CR510 s ground see Common Mode Range in Section 14 7 2 Pyranometer and thermopile sensors require a jumper between LO and GROU...

Page 106: ...V RMS to 16 000 Hz at 1000 mV or greater SWITCH CLOSURE Pulse Inputs In this configuration the minimum switch closed time is 5 milliseconds The minimum switch open time is 6 milliseconds The maximum bounce time is 1 millisecond open without being counted The switch is connected between the pulse input and ground G When the switch is open the CR510 pulls the pulse input to 5 volts When the switch i...

Page 107: ...dent upon the sampling interval e g speed RPM the value from the excessive interval should be discarded If the value is discarded the value in the RAM buffer from the previous measurement will be used There is also an option to output the count as a frequency i e counts execution interval in seconds Hz as well as discard the result from an excessive interval This allows the use of a conversion fac...

Page 108: ...el number 04 2 Excitation channel number 05 4 Excitation voltage millivolts 06 4 Input location number for first measurement 07 FP Multiplier 08 FP Offset Input locations altered 1 6 FULL BRIDGE WITH SINGLE DIFFERENTIAL MEASUREMENT FUNCTION This Instruction is used to apply an excitation voltage to a full bridge and make a differential voltage measurement of the bridge output The measurement is ma...

Page 109: ...petition The 50 and 60 Hz rejection ranges Section 13 1 do not have enough time between integrations to allow a delay PARAM DATA NUMBER TYPE DESCRIPTION 01 2 Repetitions 02 2 Range code Table 9 1 03 2 Differential channel number for first measurement 04 2 Excitation channel number 05 4 Delay 0 01s 06 4 Excitation voltage millivolts 07 4 Input location number for first measurement 08 FP Multiplier ...

Page 110: ... 56 1 0 24 to 48 0 1 TABLE 9 3 Excitation Integration Codes Code Result 0x excite with channel x 1x increment chan x with each rep 2x excite with channel x 60 Hz rejection 10 ms delay 3x excite with channel x 50 Hz rejection 10 ms delay 4x increment chan x with each rep 60 Hz rejection 10 ms delay 5x increment chan x with each rep 50 Hz rejection 10 ms delay PARAM DATA NUMBER TYPE DESCRIPTION 01 2...

Page 111: ...TD resistance and Ro the resistance of the RTD at 0 C Sections 7 9 and 7 10 A multiplier of 1 and an offset of zero yields temperature in degrees Celsius PARAM DATA NUMBER TYPE DESCRIPTION 01 2 Repetitions 02 4 Input location of R Ro 03 4 Input location of result 04 FP Multiplier 05 FP Offset Input locations altered 1 per repetition 17 INTERNAL TEMPERATURE FUNCTION This instruction measures the te...

Page 112: ...ithout changing its state Pulse duration initiated by a program control instruction can be set for C1 Table 12 2 Instruction 20 does not pulse the port it only sets the duration If Instruction 20 is not used to set the duration the pulse command will result in a 10 ms pulse Instruction 20 has two 4 digit parameters The code 0 9 entered as the digit determines what effect command 20 has on C1 TABLE...

Page 113: ...before entering the input location then the automatic calibrations are simply displayed not measured Otherwise the calibration takes place only when Instruction 24 is executed automatic calibration is disabled See Section 13 7 for details abut the CR510 s calibration process PARAM DATA NUMBER TYPE DESCRIPTION 01 4 Input location number key C for results of automatic calibration Input locations alt...

Page 114: ...n on the period 35 nanoseconds divided by the number of cycles measured Resolution is reduced by noise and signals with a slow transition through the zero voltage threshold The Time out parameter specifies the maximum length of time the instruction will wait on each repetition for the specified number of cycles If the cycles have not been counted within this time 99999 will be loaded into the inpu...

Page 115: ...hanced Parameter 2 06 FP Enhanced Parameter 3 07 FP Enhanced Parameter 4 08 FP Enhanced Parameter 5 09 FP Enhanced Parameter 6 10 FP Enhanced Parameter 7 11 FP Enhanced Parameter 8 12 FP Enhanced Parameter 9 13 FP Enhanced Parameter 10 14 FP Enhanced Parameter 11 15 FP Enhanced Parameter 12 16 FP Enhanced Parameter 13 17 FP Enhanced Parameter 14 18 FP Enhanced Parameter 15 19 FP Enhanced Parameter...

Page 116: ...sor to make the measurement The CR510 will not wait for the data rather it will continue executing the table The next time the instruction is executed the CR510 will check the elapsed time If the elapsed time is equal to or greater than that given by the sensor the CR510 will get the data from the SDI 12 sensor In the following execution of the instruction the CR510 will again issue the C command ...

Page 117: ...mputer is in telecommunications with the SDI 12 recorder CR510 at the asterisk prompt Enter pX at the asterisk prompt where p is the Control Port number 1 2 attached to the SDI 12 data line The CR510 responds with entering SDI 12 Any SDI 12 command preceded with the sensor address and followed with an exclamation point may then be entered For example entering 0I would request identification from a...

Page 118: ...ons that take longer than 1 3 second to execute For example Instruction 4 Excite Delay SE with a 1 2 second delay could cause Subroutine 98 to miss the SDI 12 address information if it were executing when the SDI 12 data line became active If this occurs the sensor CR510 will not respond to the SDI 12 recorder Most instructions execute fast enough that when Instruction 106 misses the initial SDI 1...

Page 119: ...R510 sends the string AVVCAMPBELLCR510 OS where A is the sensor address VV is the SDI 12 version number OS is the CR510 operating system number 114 SET TIME FUNCTION Instruction 114 can be used to set the CR510 clock from values in input locations PARAM DATA NUMBER TYPE DESCRIPTION 01 2 Option code 0 set time with hr min sec with values in 3 input locations 1 set time with day hr min sec using 4 i...

Page 120: ...esult after the of Cycles specified in Parameter 9 The 1 T 2 value stored in the sequential Input Location is the result after 5 times the of Cycles specified in Parameter 9 The value in the second Input Location is the correct value to use unless the reading falls into a certain range This instruction is most often used with the Slope Indicator Vibrating wire Slope Indicator has datalogger progra...

Page 121: ...er PARAM DATA NUMBER TYPE DESCRIPTION 01 4 Source input location number X 02 4 Destination input location Z Input locations altered 1 32 Z Z 1 FUNCTION Add 1 to the current value in the specified input location PARAM DATA NUMBER TYPE DESCRIPTION 01 4 Destination input location Z Input locations altered 1 33 X Y FUNCTION Add X to Y and place result in a third input location PARAM DATA NUMBER TYPE D...

Page 122: ...altered 1 39 SQUARE ROOT FUNCTION Take the square root of X and place the result in an input location If X is negative 0 will be stored as the result PARAM DATA NUMBER TYPE DESCRIPTION 01 4 Input location of X X 02 4 Dest input location for X 1 2 Z Input locations altered 1 40 LN X FUNCTION Take the natural logarithm of X and place the result in an input location If X is 0 or negative 99999 will b...

Page 123: ... 1 X MOD 0 returns X PARAM DATA NUMBER TYPE DESCRIPTION 01 4 Input location of X X 02 FP Fixed divisor F 03 4 Dest input loc For X MOD F Z Input locations altered 1 47 XY FUNCTION Raise X to the Y power and place the result in an input location PARAM DATA NUMBER TYPE DESCRIPTION 01 4 Input location of X X 02 4 Input location of Y Y 03 4 Dest input location for X Y Z Input locations altered 1 48 SI...

Page 124: ...ke the spatial average SPA AVG over the given set or SWATH of input locations and place the result in an input location PARAM DATA NUMBER TYPE DESCRIPTION 01 4 Swath SWATH 02 4 Starting input location 1ST LOC 03 4 Dest input location of average AVG or Z Input locations altered 1 52 RUNNING AVERAGE FUNCTION This instruction calculates the running average of a value in an input location The most rec...

Page 125: ...re scaling the X value by an appropriate factor to place the coefficients within the entry range Pre scaling can also be used to modify coefficients which are very close to 0 to increase the number of significant digits PARAM DATA NUMBER TYPE DESCRIPTION 01 2 Repetitions REPS 02 4 Starting input location for X X 03 4 Dest input location for F X F X or Z 04 FP C0 coefficient C0 05 FP C1 coefficient...

Page 126: ...ffset Section 13 5 and Rf represents the MULTIPLIER value The result of Instruction 59 is stored in the same location that X was PARAM DATA NUMBER TYPE DESCRIPTION 01 2 Repetitions REPS 02 4 Starting input location result destination X 03 FP Multiplier Rf MULT Input locations altered 1 per repetition 61 INDIRECT INDEXED MOVE FUNCTION Moves input data from location X to location Y where X and or Y ...

Page 127: ...ations altered 8 66 ARCTAN FUNCTION Calculate the angle in degrees whose tangent is X Y The polarity of X and Y must be known to determine the quadrant of the angle as shown here If 0 is entered for Parameter 2 the Arctangent of X is the result limits of ARCTAN X are 90 ARCTAN 90 PARAM DATA NUMBER TYPE DESCRIPTION 01 4 Input location of X X 02 4 Input location of Y Y 03 4 Destination input locatio...

Page 128: ...SECTION 10 PROCESSING INSTRUCTIONS 10 8 This is a blank page ...

Page 129: ...ual to 0 Standard deviation can be processed one of two ways 1 using every sample taken during the output period enter 0 for parameter 2 or 2 by averaging standard deviations processed from shorter sub intervals of the output period Averaging sub interval standard deviations minimizes the effects of meander under light wind conditions and it provides more complete information for periods of transi...

Page 130: ...st west component of wind Uni north south component of wind N number of samples Calculations Scalar mean horizontal wind speed S S ΣSi N where in the case of orthogonal sensors Si Uei 2 Uni 2 1 2 Unit vector mean wind direction Θ1 Θ1 Arctan Ux Uy where Ux Σsin Θi N Uy Σcos Θi N or in the case of orthogonal sensors Ux Σ Uei Ui N Uy Σ Uni Ui N where Ui Uei 2 Uni 2 1 2 Standard deviation of wind dire...

Page 131: ...for each input location specified over a given output interval PARAM DATA NUMBER TYPE DESCRIPTION 01 2 Repetitions 02 2 Time of minimum optional 03 4 Starting input location no Outputs Generated 1 per repetition 1 or 2 additional outputs per repetition with time option 75 STANDARD AND WEIGHTED VALUE HISTOGRAM FUNCTION Processes input data as either a standard histogram frequency distribution or a ...

Page 132: ...side of the histogram range The difference between the closed and open form is shown in the following example for temperature values Lower range limit 10 C Upper range limit 30 C Number of bins 10 Closed Form Open Form Range of first bin 10 to 11 99 deg 12 deg Range of last bin 28 to 29 99 deg 28 deg A common use of a closed form weighted value histogram is the wind speed rose Wind speed values th...

Page 133: ...occur only when a specific input location shows a new maximum or minimum the previous Maximize or Minimize Instruction should have one rep referring to that input location PARAM DATA NUMBER TYPE DESCRIPTION 01 2 Repetitions number of sequential locations to sample 02 4 Starting input location no Outputs Generated 1 per repetition 80 SET ACTIVE STORAGE AREA FUNCTION Instruction 80 is used to redire...

Page 134: ...SECTION 11 OUTPUT PROCESSING INSTRUCTIONS 11 6 PARAM DATA NUMBER TYPE DESCRIPTION 01 2 Repetitions 02 4 Starting input location no Outputs Generated 1 per repetition ...

Page 135: ...and in a Program Control Instruction the subroutine is executed then program flow continues with the instruction following that which called the subroutine Subroutines may be called from within other subroutines nested The maximum nesting level for subroutines is 6 deep Attempts to nest more than 6 deep will not be detected at compilation but will result in a run time error When the sixth subrouti...

Page 136: ...e overrun decimals will not be displayed Some consequences of this are The Output Flag will not be automatically cleared between passes through the loop Because Table 2 cannot interrupt Table 1 Table 2 will not be executed while Table 1 is in a loop with delay Table 1 will not interrupt Table 2 in the middle of an output array Thus if the Output Flag is set in Table 2 prior to entering the loop or...

Page 137: ...ison codes are given in Table 12 3 PARAM DATA NUMBER TYPE DESCRIPTION 01 4 Input location for X 02 2 Comparison code Table 12 3 03 FP Fixed value 04 2 Command Table 12 2 90 STEP LOOP INDEX FUNCTION When used within a Loop Instruction 87 Instruction 90 will increment the index counter by a specified amount after the first time through the loop thus affecting all indexed input location parameters in...

Page 138: ... two dashes will appear to the right of the number XXXX When the time into interval is entered as seconds XXXX the time interval will also be interpreted as seconds The maximum number of seconds that can be entered is 59 for Parameter 1 and 60 for Parameter 2 The Output Flag Flag 0 is a special case in that it will automatically be set low if it is not time to set it PARAM DATA NUMBER TYPE DESCRIP...

Page 139: ...on 80 can also direct output to Input Storage in which case Instruction 96 assumes Final Storage Area 1 If the CR510 is already communicating on the 9 pin connector when Instruction 96 is executed the output request is put in a queue and program execution continues As the 9 pin connector becomes available each device in the queue will get its turn The request is not put in the queue if the same de...

Page 140: ...computer uses the ID to know what station file setup to use to control the calling datalogger The CR510 will not send any data or do anything else without first receiving a command to do so CSI s datalogger support software enables PCs to automatically answer calls retrieve data and instruct the datalogger on what to do now See Appendix G for a phone modem callback example including the computer s...

Page 141: ... many times Instruction 97 must be executed before it tries to call again The Instruction 97 must be executed each time the table is Parameter 7 The number of unsuccessful attempts is stored in the Failure Input Location Parameter 7 Once a successful call is made the Failure Input Location is reset to 0 Parameter 8 Once a connection is established the datalogger will send in ASCII at the specified...

Page 142: ... enabled Section 6 2 Instruction 63 must immediately follow 98 The character or characters to send are entered in Instruction 63 as the decimal equivalents 99 is the maximum number allowed of the 7 bit ASCII character sent as 8 bits no parity For example to send the ASCII character control R 18 would be entered Enter a null 0 to terminate the string Appendix E contains a listing of the ASCII chara...

Page 143: ...ansmit data from CR510 Final Storage via an ARGOS satellite See the ARGOS Interface Notes for information on Instruction 121 123 Automatic Programming of a TGT1 FUNCTION Instruction 123 performs Automatic Programming of TGT1 GOES Transmitter See the TGT1 manual for information on Instruction 123 ...

Page 144: ...SECTION 12 PROGRAM CONTROL INSTRUCTIONS 12 10 This is a blank page ...

Page 145: ...e 1 11 21 31 2 5 mV 2 12 22 32 7 5 mV 3 13 23 33 25 mV 4 14 24 34 250 mV 5 15 25 35 2500 mV In the United States one of the most common sources of noise is 60 Hz from AC power lines Where 60 Hz noise is a problem range codes 21 25 should be used Two integrations are made spaced 1 2 cycle apart Figure 13 2 2 which results in the AC noise integrating to 0 Integration time for the 2500 mV range is 1 ...

Page 146: ...ion 8 which makes only one integration Because a single ended measurement is referenced to CR510 ground any difference in ground potential between the sensor and the CR510 will result in an error in the measurement For example if the measuring junction of a copper constantan thermocouple used to measure soil temperature is not insulated and the potential of earth ground is 1 mV greater at the sens...

Page 147: ...ts the input offset voltage on a differential measurement is less than 1 microvolt A single ended measurement is quite satisfactory in cases where noise is not a problem and care is taken to avoid ground potential problems Channels are available for twice as many single ended measurements A single ended measurement takes about half the time of a differential measurement which is valuable in cases ...

Page 148: ... in feet Equations 13 3 1 and 13 3 2 can be used to estimate the input settling error Ve directly For the rising case Vs Vso Ve whereas for the decaying transient Vs Vso Ve Substituting these relationships for Vs in Equations 13 3 1 and 13 3 2 respectively yields expressions in Ve the input settling error Ve Vso e t RoCT rise 13 3 6 Ve Ve o e t RoCT decay 13 3 7 Where Ve o Veo Vso the difference b...

Page 149: ...ter than Rs the source resistance can be approximated by Equations 13 3 9 through 13 3 11 respectively Ro Rf Rf Rs 13 3 9 Ro Rf 2 Rf Rs 13 3 10 Ro Rs Rf Rs 13 3 11 The source resistance for several Campbell Scientific sensors are given in column 3 of Table 13 3 5 DETERMINING LEAD CAPACITANCE Wire manufacturers typically provide two capacitance specifications 1 the capacitance between the two leads...

Page 150: ...can have a serious effect on low level measurements i e 50 mV or less The primary rule to follow in minimizing dielectric absorption is Avoid PVC insulation around conductors PVC cable jackets are permissible since the jackets don t contribute to the lead capacitance because the jacket is outside the shield Campbell Scientific uses only polyethylene and polypropylene insulated conductors in CR510 ...

Page 151: ...ft Belden 8771 wire t 450µs TABLE 13 3 3 Settling Error in Degrees for 024A Wind Direction Sensor vs Lead Length Wind Error Direction L 1000 ft L 500 ft 360 66 15 270 45 9 180 21 3 90 4 0 The values in Table 13 3 3 show that significant error occurs at large direction values for leads in excess of 500 feet Instruction 4 Excite Delay and Measure should be used to eliminate errors in these types of ...

Page 152: ...ing error This limit is a reasonable choice since it approximates the linearization error over that range The output signal from the thermistor bridge varies nonlinearly with temperature ranging from about 100 µV C at 0 C to 50 µV C at 40 C Taking the most conservative figure yields an error limit of Ve 2 5 µV The other values needed to calculate the maximum lead length are summarized in Table 13 ...

Page 153: ...xcitation channel limits the lead length If the capacitive load 0 1 µfd and the resistive load is negligible Vx will oscillate about its control point If the capacitive load is 0 1 or less Vx will settle to within 0 1 of its correct value 150 µs A lead length of 2000 feet is permitted for the Model 227 before approaching the drive limitation Table 13 3 6 summarizes maximum lead lengths for corresp...

Page 154: ...is the input settling error 6 Most Campbell Scientific sensors are configured with a small bridge resistor Rf typically 1 kohm to minimize the source resistance If the lead length of a Campbell Scientific sensor is extended by connecting to the pigtails directly the effect of the lead resistance Rl on the signal must be considered Figure 13 3 9 shows a Campbell Scientific Model 107 sensor with 500...

Page 155: ...ASUREMENTS 13 11 FIGURE 13 3 7 Half Bridge Configuration for YSI 44032 Thermistor Connected to CR510 Showing A large source resistance B large source resistance at point P and C configuration optimized for input settling ...

Page 156: ...ts make one set of measurements with the excitation as programmed and another set of measurements with the excitation polarity reversed The error in the two measurements due to thermal emfs can then be accounted for in the processing of the measurement instruction The excitation is switched on 450 µs before the integration portion of the measurement starts and is grounded as soon as the integratio...

Page 157: ...o circuitry requiring differential measurements This instruction does not reverse excitation A 1 before the excitation channel number 1X causes the channel to be incremented with each repetition The output of Instruction 8 is simply the voltage measurement When 8 is used to measure a full bridge same connections as Instruction 6 in Figure 13 5 1 the result is V1 which equals Vx R3 R3 R4 R2 R1 R2 I...

Page 158: ...iometric output 6 4 Wire One differential Full Bridge measurement at each excitation polarity Ratiometric output Instr Circuit Description 7 3 Wire Compensates for lead Half Bridge wire resistance assuming resistance is same in both wires Two single ended measurements at each excitation polarity Ratiometric output 8 Differential Makes a differential Measurement measurement without with Excitation ...

Page 159: ...ded the values of the other resistors in the bridge circuit are known TABLE 13 4 2 Calculating Resistance Values from Bridge Measurement Instr Result Instr Multiplier Offset 4 X Vx Rs Rs Rf X Vx 4 1 Vx 0 Rs Rf ________ 59 Rf 1 X Vx 1 4 1 Vx 0 Rf ____________________ 59 1 Rs X Vx 1 X Vx Rs 42 5 X Rs Rs Rf X 5 1 0 Rs Rf _____ 59 Rf 1 X 1 5 1 0 Rf _____________ 59 1 Rs X 1 X Rs 42 6 8 9 X 1000 R3 R3 ...

Page 160: ...mize the time excitation is on grounds the excitation as soon as the signal is integrated Figure 13 5 1 The slow integration time should never be used with a sensor requiring AC excitation because it results in the excitation lasting about 1 5 times as long allowing polarization to affect the measurement INFLUENCE OF GROUND LOOP ON MEASUREMENTS When measuring soil moisture blocks or water conducti...

Page 161: ... each of the 5 gain ranges for the fast and slow integration times The CR510 has an internal calibration function that feeds positive and negative voltages through the amplifiers and integrator and calculates new calibration coefficients By adjusting the calibration coefficients the accuracy of the voltage measurements is maintained over the 25 to 50 C operating range of the CR510 Calibration is e...

Page 162: ...ibration coefficients are replaced each time that Instruction 24 is executed Unlike automatic calibration there is no time constant for the coefficients to respond in changes to calibration Instruction 24 calibration ensures that the coefficients are optimum at the time that the instruction is executed For example consider a CR510 mounted under the dash of an automobile where temperature could eas...

Page 163: ...glass enclosure houses the CR510 power supply and several peripherals Inside dimensions of the ENC 16 18 are 16 x 18 x 9 outside dimensions are 21 75 x 20 0 x 11 0 with brackets weight is 17 2 lbs 14 2 POWER REQUIREMENTS The CR510 operates at a nominal 12 VDC Below 9 6 or above 18 volts the CR510 does not operate properly The CR510 is diode protected against accidental reversal of the positive and...

Page 164: ...identical to that of the PS12LA and PS512M Other power supply options are connecting a 12 volt battery directly to the CR510 Section 14 5 or supplying power from a vehicle Section 14 6 The PS12LA Power Supply provides 12 volts regulates incoming AC or DC power limits current from the battery and provides circuitry to connect an external 12 volt battery Each of the power supplies has a thermal fuse...

Page 165: ...es The charging source powers the CR510 while float charging the lead acid batteries The internal lead acid battery powers the datalogger if the charging source is interrupted The PS12LA specifications are given in Table 14 3 2 The two leads from the charging source can be inserted into either of the CHG ports polarity doesn t matter A transzorb provides transient protection to the charging circui...

Page 166: ...must have a diode in series to block charging which would cause an explosion The PS12ALK battery pack has this diode Monitor the power supply using datalogger Instruction 10 Users are strongly advised to incorporate this instruction into their data acquisition programs to keep track of the state of the power supply If the system voltage level consistently decreases through time some element s of t...

Page 167: ...s size restrictions or other operational considerations may preclude the use of Campbell Scientific power supply options In these cases the power supply may be connected directly to the terminal strip Any 9 6 to 18 VDC supply may be connected to the 12 V and G terminals on the terminal strip The metal surfaces of the terminal strip and mounting bracket are at power ground Make connections to the t...

Page 168: ...a sufficient transient comes in on the G or AG lines at which time the current is directed away from the CR510 through the diodes The fuse may be replaced by soldering another 30 AWG wire to the soldering pads provided A modem phone line connected to the Terminal Strip provides another path for transients to enter and damage the CR510 Campbell Scientific s COM200 phone modem has spark gaps on the ...

Page 169: ...als refer to Figure 14 7 1 Terminal Strip transient protection is discussed in Section 14 7 The Terminal Strip carries two lines between the CR510 and each excitation port One line is for excitation voltage the other is for feedback control of the voltage The feedback line is required to compensate for line losses between the CR510 and the excitation port on the Terminal Strip see Figure 14 7 1 A ...

Page 170: ...SECTION 14 INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE 14 8 CONTROL PORT C1 FIGURE 14 9 1 Relay Driver Circuit with Relay CONTROL PORT C1 FIGURE 14 9 2 Power Switching without Relay ...

Page 171: ...tage drops below 2 4 volts If the lithium cell is removed or allowed to discharge below the safe level the CR510 will still operate correctly while powered Without the lithium battery the clock will reset and data will be lost when power is removed A replacement lithium battery can be purchased from Campbell Scientific or from an Electronics store e g Radio Shack Table 14 10 1 lists the specificat...

Page 172: ...SECTION 14 INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE 14 10 This is a blank page ...

Page 173: ...ond after compilation See Section OV4 3 1 for information on the choice of an Execution Interval EXECUTION TIME The time required to execute an instruction or group of instructions If the execution time of a Program Table exceeds the table s Execution Interval the Program Table will be executed less frequently than programmed Section OV4 3 1 and 8 9 FINAL STORAGE That portion of memory allocated f...

Page 174: ...ite Transfer is controlled by the program entered in the datalogger OUTPUT ARRAY A string of data points output to Final Storage Output occurs only when the Output Flag Flag 0 is set The first point of an Output Array is the Output Array ID which gives the Program Table Number and the Instruction Location Number of the Instruction which sets the Output Flag The data points which complete the Array...

Page 175: ...ents are made when initiated by a single instruction with multiple repetitions SIGNATURE A number which is a function of the data and the sequence of data in memory It is derived using an algorithm which assures a 99 998 probability that if either the data or its sequence changes the signature changes SYNCHRONOUS The transmission of data between a transmitting and receiving device occurs as a seri...

Page 176: ...APPENDIX A GLOSSARY A 4 This is a blank page ...

Page 177: ...rned with the K command Like the MSB this bit is reset upon entering telecommunications but remains set once set until reset by another J command or telecommunications is terminated Currently only the CR510 datalogger recognizes this bit The remaining bits are reserved 4 If the 2nd MSB in b was set then c is a port toggle byte otherwise c d n are each 1 byte binary values each representing a datal...

Page 178: ...ation requested by the J command four bytes of data are returned The bytes are coded in Campbell Scientific Inc Floating Point Format The format is decoded to the following Sign Mantissa 2 Exponent Data byte 1 contains the Sign and the Exponent The most significant bit represents the Sign if zero the Sign is positive if one the Sign is negative The signed exponent is obtained by subtracting 40 HEX...

Page 179: ...y equivalent of Data bytes 2 to 4 is 11011001 10011001 10011010 Summing all the fractional values 2 1 2 2 2 4 2 5 2 8 2 9 2 12 2 13 2 16 2 17 2 20 2 21 2 23 0 85000 Using the estimate method to find the Mantissa D9 99 9A HEX 1 00 00 00 HEX or 14260634 16777216 which is 0 85000 decimal The value is then 0 85 2 4 which equals 13 60 If appropriately requested by a J command Final Storage data if any ...

Page 180: ... 1 Start of Output Array G H are the most significant bits of the Output Array ID All 8 bits of the 2nd byte are also included in the ID X X 0 1 1 1 X X C 0 First byte of a 4 byte value 0 0 1 1 1 1 X X A B 0 C 1 Third byte of a 4 byte value 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 A 0 remaining bits 1 First byte of a 2 byte dummy word The CR510 always transmits a 0 for the 2nd byte but the word can be decoded on the basis...

Page 181: ...hen a transmitted byte M n 1 is received form a new highsignature byte by setting it equal to the existing low byte Save the old high byte for later use T1 S1 n S1 n 1 S0 n 3 Form a temporary byte by shifting the old low signature byte one bit to the left and adding any carry bit which results from the shift operation A shift left is identical to a multiply by 2 Ignore any carry bit resulting from...

Page 182: ...ich the Modes are sent in does not matter i e the information for Mode 3 could be sent before that for Mode 1 2 S is necessary prior to the Scan Rate execution interval 3 The colons are used to mark the start of actual data 4 A semicolon tells the CR510 to ignore the rest of the line and can be used after an entry so that a comment can be added There are 4 two character control codes which may be ...

Page 183: ...3 I 105 i 10 CONTROL J 42 74 J 106 j 11 CONTROL K 43 75 K 107 k 12 CONTROL L 44 76 L 108 l 13 CONTROL M 45 77 M 109 m 14 CONTROL N 46 78 N 110 n 15 CONTROL O 47 79 O 111 o 16 CONTROL P 48 0 80 P 112 p 17 CONTROL Q 49 1 81 Q 113 q 18 CONTROL R 50 2 82 R 114 r 19 CONTROL S 51 3 83 S 115 s 20 CONTROL T 52 4 84 T 116 t 21 CONTROL U 53 5 85 U 117 u 22 CONTROL V 54 6 86 V 118 v 23 CONTROL W 55 7 87 W 11...

Page 184: ...This is a blank page ...

Page 185: ...8 may be used as Instruction 97 s Interrupt Flag In this example when temperature is within acceptable limits 32 C Flag 5 is set high otherwise Flag 5 is set low If Flag 5 is low when Instruction 97 executed the datalogger will attempt to call the computer Once the computer answers the datalogger s call the datalogger sends a 3 digit ID Parameter 8 of Instruction 97 This ID is the name of the site...

Page 186: ...ption 2 6 Option 3 8 Option 4 13 Option 5 00 Option 6 00 Option 7 00 Option 8 00 Option D 3 PC208 DOS COMPUTER SOFTWARE AND IT S COMPUTER SETUP The station file must be called STN where is the 3 digit ID Parameter 8 of Instruction 97 from the datalogger program After the computer answers the call it searches for a station file STN with the name of the 3 digit ID The computer will than collect data...

Page 187: ...he phone modem s manual or the PC208 manual for details The final step is to run the SCR file The computer will then start waiting for incoming calls Once this is accomplished the computer can t be used for anything else until you give it the commands to quit waiting for incoming calls To run the SCR using PC208E select the schedule File Open Schedule and start the scheduled data collection DataCo...

Page 188: ...APPENDIX D DATALOGGER INITIATED COMMUNICATIONS D 4 This is a blank page ...

Page 189: ...programming requirements for the calling CR510 Section E 3 shows the programming requirements for the remote datalogger E 3 PROGRAMMING FOR THE CALLING CR510 Programming Example 2 1 uses a DC112 phone modem while Programming Example 2 2 uses a RF modem E 3 1 INSTRUCTION 97 Many of the parameters in Instruction 97 don t apply when being used to call another datalogger See Section 12 for more detail...

Page 190: ... it is calling another datalogger The next two parameters indicate the number of locations to retrieve and the beginning input location to collect respectively You can not retrieve from input locations 255 or higher You are limited on the number of locations you may collect per call The next parameter is used to specify the flag to toggle and monitor in the remote datalogger The second to last par...

Page 191: ...all datalogger 7 3 of Locs to Collect 8 1 1st Loc to Collect 4 Extended Parameters P63 1 1 Flag to toggle in Remote Datalogger 2 0 Delay 3 13 Terminate character 4 0 5 0 6 0 7 0 8 0 E 4 REMOTE DATALOGGER PROGRAMMING The remote datalogger should be programmed to detect when the specified flag is set high When the flag is set high measurements and processing are done then the flag is set low Once th...

Page 192: ...TALOGGER VIA PHONE OR RF E 4 03 P17 Panel Temperature 01 2 Loc 04 P11 Temp 107 Probe 01 1 Rep 02 1 IN Chan 03 1 Excite all reps w EXchan 1 04 3 Loc 05 1 Mult 06 0 Offset 05 P86 Do 01 21 Set low Flag 1 06 P95 End 07 P End Table 1 ...

Page 193: ...gisters are offset by 40000 therefore the register equivalent of any input location X is 40000 2X 1 The register is followed by a F in the Intouch software Ports and flags are more straight forward Modbus does not differentiate between ports and flags They have coils originally meaning coil relays that are either on or off Ports 1 on the CR510 correspond to coils 1 and flags 1 8 correspond to coil...

Page 194: ...and the strings that are transmitted Most users will not need this information as the CR10 X and PC based Modbus drivers handle this level of communication transparent to the user If more information is needed please refer to Modicon s publication Modicon Modbus Protocol Reference Guide PI MBUS 300 Rev D The Modicon phone number is 508 794 0800 Functions supported by CR510 Description 1 read coil ...

Page 195: ...Register 40009 C0 Data Lo Register 40009 00 Data Hi Register 40010 44 Data Lo Register 40010 0A Data Hi Register 40011 00 Data Lo Register 40011 00 Data Hi Register 40012 1F Data Lo Register 40012 00 Error check LRC or CRC The contents of 40008 and 40009 are C0 00 44 0A hex or a value of 555 000 in input location 5 Input location 6 0 For complete documentation please refer to the Modicon publicati...

Page 196: ...APPENDIX F MODBUS ON THE CR10 X AND CR510 F 4 This is a blank page ...

Page 197: ...APPENDIX G TD OPERATING SYSTEM ADDENDUM FOR CR510 CR10X AND CR23X MANUALS ...

Page 198: ...This is a blank page ...

Page 199: ...TD OPERATING SYSTEM ADDENDUM FOR CR510 CR10X AND CR23X MANUALS REVISION 1 03 COPYRIGHT 2002 2003 CAMPBELL SCIENTIFIC INC ...

Page 200: ...This is a blank page ...

Page 201: ... least one Table for each output interval One or two Final Storage Areas Data Arrays output at different intervals may share the same area and are identified by ID Term for a set of values output together Record a row of the table Array Term for individual values within the array or record Field a column of the table Element Number of elements or fields in an array or record A fixed number determi...

Page 202: ...field names For example the temperature data for the first thermocouple is referenced as HOURLY TEMP1 Computer software also allows the station to be named When multiple dataloggers are in use this can be used to reference specific data in the network If in the previous example the CR10T site was named DALLAS the first thermocouple s data values would be referenced by DALLAS HOURLY TEMP1 AD3 Conve...

Page 203: ... the editing by doing the following 1 Make a copy of the original program with the name you want the new program to have Load the original into Edlog and Save As the new name 2 Remove or comment out all Instructions 77 96 97 and 98 first three points in AD3 1 these instructions are not in the Table OS 3 Save the edited program and close it in Edlog 4 Edit the CSI file with a text editor e g Notepa...

Page 204: ...rected version Section 4 Does not apply The TD operating system does not support External Storage Peripherals Section 5 Does not apply The communications commands and protocol of the TD operating system is different than that of the standard operating systems Campbell Scientific provides software for communications a description of the protocol is beyond the scope of this addendum Section 6 Many o...

Page 205: ...ruction 98 Send Character Instruction 111 Load Program from Flash New Instructions for PakBus Instruction 190 Send or Get Input Locations Instruction 191 One way Final Storage Data Transfer Instruction 192 PakBus Message Instruction 193 Wireless Network Master Control Instruction 194 Time Until Transmit Instruction 195 Set Clock from Address Instruction 196 Wireless Remote Instruction 197 Force Ro...

Page 206: ...TABLE DATA ADDENDUM AD 6 This is a blank page ...

Page 207: ...e OV4 1 1 lists the CR10X Modes OV4 2 KEY DEFINITION Keys and key sequences have specific functions when using the CR10KD keyboard or a computer in the remote keyboard state Section 5 Table OV4 2 lists these functions In some cases the exact action of a key depends on the mode the CR10X is in and is described with the mode in the manual When using a computer terminal to communicate with the CR10X ...

Page 208: ...n interval and a 5 minute output interval the program will only be executed on the even multiples of the 5 minute intervals not on the odd Data will be output every 10 minutes instead of every 5 minutes Execution intervals are synchronized with midnight Output intervals set with Instruction 84 are synchronized with real time starting at midnight January 1 1990 OV4 4 INSTRUCTION FORMAT Instructions...

Page 209: ...Section OV1 2 Next connect the CR10X to either a CR10KD Keyboard Display or the computer Section OV3 The programming steps in the following examples use the keystrokes possible on the keyboard display With a terminal some responses will be slightly different If the CR10KD is connected to the CR10X when it is powered up the display will show Display Explanation HELLO On power up the CR10X displays ...

Page 210: ...he time into the interval 0 01 0 This parameter determines when in the output internal data is stored 0 stores data on the even interval A 02 0 000 Enter 0 and advance to the second parameter 0 02 0 This parameter specifies the output interval 0 stores data each execution A 03 0 0000 Enter 0 and advance to third parameter 1000 03 1000 00 This parameter specifies how many records to store in the ta...

Page 211: ...measure all of the thermocouples Parameter 2 is the voltage range to use when making the measurement The output of a type T thermocouple is approximately 40 microvolts per degree C difference in temperature between the two junctions The 2 5 mV scale will provide a range of 2500 40 62 5 C i e this scale will not overrange as long as the measuring junction is within 62 5 C of the panel temperature T...

Page 212: ...600 second 60 min internal 03 0 Automatically allocate of records The CR10X is programmed to measure the thermocouple temperature every sixty seconds The CR10X automatically allocates the number of records Time information is automatically stored Next the output instruction for the average is added Instruction Parameter Loc Entry Par Entry Description 04 P71 Average instruction 01 1 One repetition...

Page 213: ...tion where the instruction is to be inserted i e P in the data portion of the display key in the instruction number and then key A The new instruction will be inserted at that point in the table advance through and enter the parameters The instruction that was at that point and all instructions following it will be pushed down to follow the inserted instruction An instruction is deleted by advanci...

Page 214: ...PATIBLE PHONE MODEM COMPUTER ASYNCHRONOUS SERIAL COMMUNICATIONS PORT 2 TWISTED PAIR WIRES UP TO 5 MI PHONE LINE COM100 CELLULAR PHONE NOTES 1 ADDITIONAL METHODS OF DATA RETRIEVAL ARE A SATELLITE TRANSMISSION B DIRECT DUMP TO PRINTER C VOICE PHONE MODEM TO VOICE PHONE OR PC WITH HAYES COMPATIBLE PHONE MODEM 2 THE DSP4 HEADS UP DISPLAY ALLOWS THE USER TO VIEW DATA IN INPUT STORAGE ALSO BUFFERS FINAL...

Page 215: ...nent record Output Instructions store data in Final Storage Data Tables The data in Final Storage can be monitored using the 7 Mode Section 2 3 Intermediate Storage is a scratch pad for Output Processing Instructions It is used to store the results of intermediate calculations necessary for averages standard deviations histograms etc Intermediate Storage is not accessible by the user Each Input or...

Page 216: ...ated PakBus Routing Table Size Set with D 15 PakBus Settings Size Set with A Operating System 96 Kbytes CR10X 128 Kbytes CR23X Active Program 16 Kbytes Input and Final Storage Lables 16 Kbytes SRAM Total 128 Kbytes Flash Memory EEPROM Flash EEPROM Optional in CR10X Final Storage Additional 524 288 locations per Mbyte How it works The Operating System is loaded into Flash Memory at the factory Syst...

Page 217: ...enty eight is the minimum number of Input locations allowed Intermediate Storage and Final Storage are erased when the number of Input locations is changed This feature may be used to clear memory without altering programming The number of locations does not actually need to be changed the same value can be keyed in and entered Intermediate Storage and Program Memory are automatically allocated Al...

Page 218: ...4 Program Storage Area full E 95 Program does not exist in flash E 96 Storage Module not connected or wrong address E 97 Data not encountered within 30 sec E 98 Uncorrectable errors detected E 99 Wrong type of file or Editor Error 1 8 1 ERASING CURRENT PROGRAM The 7 command may be used to delete the current program as show in Table 1 8 3 TABLE 1 8 3 Deleting Current Datalogger Program Key entry Di...

Page 219: ...ogger is not to be used as a PakBus device 1 4094 is legal the default is 1 A 01 xxxx If the datalogger is to be used a a router enter the maximum number of nodes PakBus Addresses to allocate space for in the pakbus network 0 leafnode 0 router A 02 xxxx Enter the maximum number of neighbors in the pakbus network to allocate space for This parameter is used only if datalogger is used as a router 01...

Page 220: ...D 13 00 Enter Command 18A Enter the beacon interval settings A 01 xxxx Enter the Interval seconds for SDC7 A 02 xxxx Enter the Interval seconds for SDC8 A 03 xxxx Enter the Interval seconds for CS I O Pin Enabled 9600 baud A 04 xxxx Enter the Interval seconds for RS232 9600 baud CR23X only 1 8 12 PAKBUS NEIGHBOR FILTER In some networks sending beacons can be disruptive Entering values in the D19 m...

Page 221: ... how long until any automatically allocated Data Storage Tables fill All Data Storage Tables are in a ring configuration such that the oldest records are overwritten by new records once the table is full The sizes are given as the number of records A record can be thought of as a row of data where each field i e column is a data value associated with an Output Processing Instruction The order and ...

Page 222: ...TD ADDENDUM SECTION 1 FUNCTIONAL MODES AD 1 8 This is a blank page ...

Page 223: ...tion 1 9 The TD datalogger supports naming of tables and fields so any data value can be referenced by the table and field names For example the temperature data for the first thermocouple is referenced as HOURLY TEMP1 As Data Tables are allocated in the datalogger program some Final Storage Memory is reallocated for the storage of these labels and other data table overhead NOTE All Data Storage T...

Page 224: ... 2 Storage Number of Final Storage Locations available for Data Storage Tables Section 1 5 2 Tables Number of user created Data Tables DaysFull Size in days of the Data Storage Tables using automatic record allocation See Instruction 84 Holes Number of missed records or holes in all Data Storage Tables Section 2 1 1 PrgmSig Signature of program memory program Same as B mode first window Section 1 ...

Page 225: ... size of the number determines the resolution of the arithmetic A rough approximation of the resolution is that it is better than 1 in the seventh digit For example the resolution of 97 386 924 is better than 10 The resolution of 0 0086731924 is better than 0 000000001 A precise calculation of the resolution of a number may be determined by representing the number as a mantissa between 5 and 1 mul...

Page 226: ...wing any of the fields within the record The A and B key are used move through the four time values for the record The C and D keys can be used to move to newer or older records and view the same time value of the new record Pressing the key again while viewing time or using the A or B keys to advance or back beyond the time values will return the display to the same field as was displayed when th...

Page 227: ...ut IF 25 Compile ELSE without IF 26 Compile EXIT LOOP without LOOP 27 Compile IF CASE without BEGIN CASE 28 Compile At compile time no output specified after P84 or unable to automatically allocate at least one record per P84 29 Compile Output table requests more memory than available 30 Compile IF and or LOOP nested too deep 31 Run Time SUBROUTINES nested too deep 32 Compile Instruction 3 and int...

Page 228: ...a Transfer full 95 Program Program does not exist in Transfer Flash memory 96 Program Addressed Transfer device not connected 97 Program Data not received within Transfer 30 seconds 98 Program Uncorrectable errors Transfer detected 99 Program Wrong file type or editor Transfer error ...

Page 229: ...nnot be used the algorithm for computing this average must be programmed by the user The following example demonstrates a program for computing a running average In this example each time a new measurement is made in this case a thermocouple temperature an average is computed for the 10 most recent samples This is done by saving all 10 temperatures in contiguous input locations and using the Spati...

Page 230: ... 60 Hz rejection Range 03 3 IN Chan 04 5 Loc XX_mg_M3 05 10 Mult 06 0 Offset 02 P84 Data Table 01 0 Seconds into interval 02 3600 Seconds interval 03 3 Records 0 auto redirect 03 P71 Average 01 1 Rep 02 5 Loc XX_mg_M3 04 P51 Spatial Average 01 3 Swath 02 1 First Loc AVG_i2 03 4 Avg Loc Avg_3_HR 05 P84 Data Table 01 0 Seconds into interval 02 3600 Seconds interval 03 0 Records 0 auto redirect 06 P7...

Page 231: ...block out of the circuit when it is not being measured This eliminates the need for the blocking capacitors used in the model 227 Soil Moisture Block The 223 blocks are about one fifth the cost of the 227 blocks Control ports are used to reset the AM416 and clock it through its channels The program sequence is Measure the 107 probe located at the AM416 for TC temperature reference CR10 sets the po...

Page 232: ...p Count 04 P86 Do 01 72 Pulse Port 2 05 P14 Thermocouple Temp DIFF 01 1 Rep 02 21 2 5 mV 60 Hz rejection Range 03 1 IN Chan 04 1 Type T Copper Constantan 05 1 Ref Temp Loc REF_TEMP 06 2 Loc TC_TEMP_1 07 1 Mult 08 0 Offset 06 P5 AC Half Bridge 01 1 Rep 02 14 250 mV fast Range 03 3 IN Chan 04 1 Excite all reps w EXchan 1 05 250 mV Excitation 06 18 Loc SOIL_M_1 07 1 Mult 08 0 Offset 07 P95 End 08 P86...

Page 233: ...is example has the 2 pulse inputs also reading rain gages In a real situation it is more likely that the pulse counters would be used for 2 wind speeds In Program Table 1 the 2 normal pulse inputs are read and the hourly totals output to Final Storage with Instruction 72 The rain gage is connected as diagrammed below When the switch closes 5 volts is applied to port 8 which causes the subroutine t...

Page 234: ... to output wind vector and average temperature and solar radiation every hour Input Location Labels 1 WS 2 WD_360 3 TEMP_F 4 Solar_Rad 5 WS_output 6 WD540_out 7 TEMP_out 8 SR_out 10 WD_540 1 Table 1 Programs 01 5 Sec Execution Interval 01 P3 Pulse 01 1 Rep 02 1 Pulse Input Chan 03 22 Switch closure Output Hz 04 1 Loc WS 05 1 789 Mult 06 1 Offset 02 P4 Excite Delay Volt SE 01 1 Rep 02 14 250 mV fas...

Page 235: ... 0 540 degrees 360 degrees must sometimes be added to the reading when it is in the range of 0 to 180 The following algorithm does this by assuming that if the previous reading was less than 270 the vane has shifted through 180 degrees and does not need to be altered If the previous 0 540 reading was greater than 270 360 degrees is added This example is written as a subroutine used by the previous...

Page 236: ...tage of 1500 mV yields a maximum signal of 7 489 mV at 50 PSI fully utilizing the 7 5 mV Input Range to provide the best resolution The multiplier m is calculated to provide depth of water in feet m 50 psi 4 993 mV V 2 3067 ft psi m 23 099 ft mV V The offset is calculated to provide a final value that represents the distance from the lip of the well to the water surface Similar to Figure 7 16 2 th...

Page 237: ...31 Exit Loop if true 20 P95 End 21 P End Table 1 3 Table 3 Subroutines 01 P85 Beginning of Subroutine 01 1 Subroutine Number 02 P6 Full Bridge 01 1 Rep 02 22 7 5 mV 60 Hz rejection Range 03 1 IN Chan 04 1 Excite all reps w EXchan 1 05 1500 mV Excitation 06 1 Loc LEVEL_FT 07 46199 Mult 08 102 Offset 03 P84 Data Table 01 0 Seconds into interval 02 0 Every time 03 0 Records 0 auto redirect 04 P70 Sam...

Page 238: ...TD ADDENDUM SECTION 8 PROCESSING AND PROGRAM CONTROL EXAMPLES AD 8 10 This is a blank page ...

Page 239: ...or a number greater than the maximum value of the time date for the modulo divide will result in the actual time date value being stored PARAMETER 1 CODES Code Time Date Units 00 Seconds into day maximum 86400 01 Minutes into day maximum 1440 02 Hours into year maximum 8784 03 Hours into day maximum 24 04 Day of month maximum 31 05 Month of year maximum 12 06 YR MO DAY HR MIN SEC PARAM DATA NUMBER...

Page 240: ...This is a blank page ...

Page 241: ...Time of minimum optional 03 4 Starting input location no Outputs Generated 1 for each input location plus 1 with time of min option 84 DATA TABLE FUNCTION Instruction 84 is used to define a table of final storage data New records of data are stored in the table based on time interval data or when a user flag CR10X flags 1 8 is set event data Time based output intervals are specified in seconds Fra...

Page 242: ...er of records and some tables are automatically allocated the specified records will be allocated first and then the remaining memory will be divided among the automatically allocated tables such that they will be filled at the same time The Star 9 mode gives the size of all tables and the period in days before any automatically allocated table fills If x is entered the processed results are retur...

Page 243: ... of PakBus communication All dataloggers in the PakBus network require a unique address The address for TD dataloggers is set in the D15 mode The address for the CR200 datalogger s is set using Pakcom software or LoggerNet version 2 1 or greater Communication Notes PakBus dataloggers are also capable of Modbus communication The Modbus packet can ride on top of the PakBus packet or can be send inde...

Page 244: ...datalogger Automatic retries if adequate time is allocated CON limitations Separate data files for each logger Both the Remote Sensor CR205 and the Master Datalogger need to be programmed to handle the data Data collection should be scheduled to avoid conflicts with datalogger to datalogger communication Both the Remote Sensor CR205 and the Master Datalogger need to be programmed to handle the dat...

Page 245: ...R23X Router if used must send appropriate header Router if used must send appropriate header RF on header to match CR205 setting to allow contacting CR205 Beacon Interval 0 0 0 RF400 on computer RF on header to match neighbors settings RF on header to match neighbors settings RF on header to match neighbors settings LoggerNet Settings When RF400 with direct access to network is connected to comput...

Page 246: ...port that will be used by the local PakBus datalogger during the execution of this instruction Valid options are Code Description 0 Modem Enabled Device 300 1 Modem Enabled Device 1200 2 Modem Enabled Device 9600 3 Modem Enabled Device 76800 4 Modem Enabled Device 2400 5 Modem Enabled Device 4800 6 Modem Enabled Device 19200 7 Modem Enabled Device 38400 16 SDC 6 COM 310 17 SDC 7 18 SDC 8 Note The ...

Page 247: ...le Coils Modbus command 16 Preset Multiple Registers Modbus command 21 Receive input location data from another datalogger Pakbus command 22 Send input location data to another datalogger Pakbus command 26 Get Value 27 Set Value 61 Read Coil Status Modbus command 62 Read Input Status Modbus command 63 Read Holding Registers Modbus command 64 Read Input Registers Modbus command 65 Force Single Coil...

Page 248: ...cation data to another datalogger If the security code in this instruction does not match the security code of the remote datalogger the remote datalogger will discard the message and the failure will be indicated in the local datalogger by an incremental change in the Result Code Location parameter 8 If security is not set in the remote datalogger or if command 21 is used for parameter 3 this par...

Page 249: ...ted Local Location PakBus Communication If data is being received from another datalogger in the PakBus network Parameter 3 set to 21 this is the first input location in which to store the data If data is being sent to another datalogger in the PakBus network Parameter 3 set to 22 this is the first input location for the swath of input locations that will be sent to the remote datalogger Notes If ...

Page 250: ...op Send Final Storage Data P191 A program control instruction that transfers final storage data from one or more tables in a PakBus datalogger to a computer 2 PakBus Send Final Storage Data P191 1 00 Port 2 0000 Address 3 0000 Table ID 4 00 Flag Table ID The ID for the data table that should be sent to the computer using this instruction If the ID is set to 0 then all final storage tables will be ...

Page 251: ...ally initiate the transfer of data Data transfer is initiated by the wireless sensor Multiple Instruction 193s can be used in a program to configure up to four different groups of dataloggers wireless sensors A group is determined by the First Remote Address and the Number of Remotes A datalogger wireless sensor can only belong to one group An error message will occur E81 if a datalogger wireless ...

Page 252: ... minutes past the hour the Time into Transmit Interval would be set at 900 and the Transmit Interval would be set at 3600 Transmit Interval The transmission interval in seconds that will be assigned to the group of dataloggers remote sensors being set up with this instruction The valid range is 1 through 9999 The wireless sensors will actually begin transmitting before the specified transmission t...

Page 253: ...smission time occurs The Transmit Delay Between Remotes is factored into to the transmit time assigned to each remote Example Assume 4 wireless remotes in a network with the first having an address of 1 and the remainder of the remotes addressed consecutively The transmission time is set at 900 seconds into a 3600 second interval 15 minutes past each hour If Transmit Delay Between Remotes is set a...

Page 254: ...the Result Code Location will be 0 after the execution of Instruction 193 If data transfer is unsuccessful the Result Code Location for the remote that failed will be incremented and will continue to increment with each failed attempt Seconds Until Transmit P194 A program control instruction that places in an input location the number of seconds until it is time to transmit data to the host datalo...

Page 255: ...mber between 1 and 4095 Wireless Network Remote P196 A program control instruction that is used to set up a remote datalogger to act as a wireless sensor controller in a PakBus network Communication with the host master datalogger is dictated by the host datalogger A communication time is assigned to the remote datalogger when communication is first accomplished with the host The remote datalogger...

Page 256: ...oes not match the security code of the master datalogger the master datalogger will discard the message and the failure will be indicated in the local datalogger by an incremental change in the Result Code Location parameter 8 If security is not set in the master datalogger this parameter can be left at 0 For additional information on security codes see Program Security Enter the level 2 security ...

Page 257: ...he destination datalogger This information is set in the datalogger s routing table 8 PakBus Force Route P197 1 00 Port 2 0000 Neighbor s Address 3 0000 Address 4 00 Hops Note For communications paths where there are multiple hops this instruction fixes only the first hop Neighbor s Address The address of the first hop or repeater in the PakBus network that the datalogger should use in communicati...

Page 258: ...g Table Information P199 1 0000 First Loc ______________ Parameter 1 specifies the first input location in which to begin storing the information For each route there are 3 pieces of information returned 1 The PakBus Address of the Destination datalogger 2 The PakBus address of any datalogger used as a hop to the Destination datalogger 3 The Response Metric in seconds each hop takes 1 second A 1 i...

Page 259: ...bled then those settings will not be changed when the program is downloaded to the datalogger Network The Network option is used to set the PakBus address in the datalogger and to configure the datalogger as a router if required This option is the same as the datalogger s D19 mode Address Enter the PakBus address that should be assigned to the datalogger Maximum number of nodes Enter the total num...

Page 260: ...mmunication from the neighbors If communication is not received from a neighbor within 2 5 times this interval then the datalogger will attempt to issue another hello command to that datalogger only thus creating less network traffic than the Beacon Interval The expected interval is entered into the Communication Interval field in seconds The neighbors are defined by entering their addresses into ...

Page 261: ... 1 8 6 Setting Duplex 1 13 1 8 7 Setting Datalogger ID 1 13 1 8 8 Setting Powerup Options 1 13 2 INTERNAL DATA STORAGE 2 2 1 Resolution Range Limits of CR510 Data 2 3 2 3 1 7 Mode Command Summary 2 4 3 INSTRUCTION SET BASICS 3 5 1 Input Voltage Ranges and Codes 3 2 3 7 1 Flag Description 3 3 3 7 2 Example of the Use of Flag 9 3 4 3 8 1 Command Codes 3 4 3 9 1 Input Output Instruction Memory and Ex...

Page 262: ...rror in Degrees for 024A Wind Direction Sensor vs Lead Length 13 7 13 3 4 Measured Peak Excitation Transients for 1000 Foot Lengths of Three Belden Lead Wires Used by Campbell Scientific 13 8 13 3 5 Summary of Input Settling Data for Campbell Scientific Resistive Sensors 13 9 13 3 6 Maximum Lead Length vs Error for Campbell Scientific Resistive Sensors 13 9 13 3 7 Source Resistances and Signal Lev...

Page 263: ...Servicing of Ring Interrupts 6 3 6 6 1 Addressing Sequence for the RF Modem 6 4 6 7 1 Transmitting the ASCII Character 1 6 7 7 MEASUREMENT PROGRAMMING EXAMPLES 7 2 1 Typical Connection for Active Sensor with External Battery 7 2 7 4 1 Wiring Diagram for Anemometer 7 3 7 5 1 Wiring Diagram for Rain Gage with Long Leads 7 4 7 6 1 Wiring Diagram for PRT in 4 Wire Half Bridge 7 5 7 7 1 3 Wire Half Bri...

Page 264: ... Bridge Configuration for YSI 44032 Thermistor Connected to CR510 13 11 13 3 8 Measuring Input Settling Error with the CR510 13 12 13 3 9 Incorrect Lead Wire Extension on Model 107 Temperature Sensor 13 12 13 4 1 Circuits Used with Instructions 4 9 13 13 13 4 2 Excitation and Measurement Sequence for 4 Wire Full Bridge 13 14 13 5 1 AC Excitation and Measurement Sequence for AC Half Bridge 13 16 13...

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