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Calibration Procedures

Section 5

46

Calibration Procedures

Sensor replies:

CAL COMPLETE
REMOVE REF STD

Note: Do not remove the calibration reference plaque at this point.

STEP 10.

Wait for the third data message to be received at the PC.

STEP 11.

Note the forward-scatter MOR (located in 4

th

field) in the sensor data

message.

STEP 12.

Send the BB? Command and note the value.

STEP 13.

If the MOR reported is the same as the MOR value of the plaque (±0.01)
and the response to the BB? command is within 5% of the Backscatter
calibration value of the plaque then the sensor is within its calibration
limits. The sensor can be returned to its operational configuration with
confidence. The calibration reference plaque can now be removed.

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Summary of Contents for SWS-100-LW: SWS-200-LW

Page 1: ...SWS Lightweight Series Visibility Present Weather Sensors SWS 100 LW SWS 200 LW...

Page 2: ......

Page 3: ...he instrument This information is not to be used for the manufacture or sale of similar items without written permission COPYRIGHT NOTICE No part of this manual may be reproduced without the express p...

Page 4: ...5 STEP 5 Installation 15 1 6 STEP 6 Test And Commissioning 20 2 STANDARD OPERATING DATA 24 2 1 Standard Operating Data Message for the SWS 100 LW 24 2 2 Standard Operating Data Message for the SWS 20...

Page 5: ...Table 1 2 ALS 2 Connections 5 Table 1 3 Options Word lower byte 8 Table 1 4 Recommended Sensor Height above Ground 16 Table 1 5 Remote maintenance check fields 22 Table 2 1 SWS 100 LW Operating data m...

Page 6: ...ual are as follows Sensor Model Capability SWS 100 LW Visibility Precipitation type identification SWS 200 LW Visibility Precipitation type identification This model has an extra backscatter receiver...

Page 7: ...ey will provide you with many years of accurate operation Features of the SWS Lightweight Sensor full date time stamp in data string provided by the real time onboard clock easy installation due to it...

Page 8: ...there has been a change of ownership so please get in touch if you require help Similarly if you have any questions about your new equipment we are only a mouse click or telephone call away Our contac...

Page 9: ...s to R command If you need to return the sensor The SWS LW sensors should give you many years of trouble free service but in the unlikely event that the equipment proves to be faulty and we have asked...

Page 10: ...viii INTENTIONALLY BLANK...

Page 11: ...nstallation Step 5 Installation including siting considerations height orientation mounting and electrical grounding Step 6 Carry out commissioning test procedure NOTE Many of the tests specified with...

Page 12: ...s the calibration reference plaque when assembled 3 grey foam plugs see section 5 Calibration Procedures for application and a calibration arm mounting bracket Mains Adapter A mains adapter to operate...

Page 13: ...es It is strongly recommended that baud rates no higher than 4800 are used for cable lengths up to 25m 1 2 2 Connector Standard A Power and Data connector is fitted to the sensor This carries power to...

Page 14: ...ors can only be operated with RS232 communications RS232 may be used up to 100 m but reliable communications cannot be guaranteed for more than 40 m The connections are as above 1 2 3 Connectors ALS 2...

Page 15: ...s follows Pin Number Function A Power to ALS 2 Negative B Power to ALS 2 Positive C RS232 Ground D RS232 Tx sensor output E RS232 Rx sensor input F N C G N C Table 1 2 ALS 2 Connections If the ALS 2 o...

Page 16: ...D ASCII CHARACTERS 13 AND 10 In this manual this is normally abbreviated to CRLF 1 3 1 Equipment Test Procedure 1 Connect the power pins on the input connector to a local power source do not turn powe...

Page 17: ...sor to transmit a Data Message approx 80 seconds from power up If the sensor is in polled mode Send the command D from the PC terminal to the sensor A Data Message will be transmitted immediately 7 MO...

Page 18: ...000 For the lower byte a value is entered as a binary number 1 s and 0 s Leading 0 s in the value need not be entered The value is stored in non volatile memory and the operating configuration when po...

Page 19: ...ord setting see Table 1 3 Options Word lower byte To enable Date and Time stamp The sensor can be configured to generate messages with the date and time string by setting the least significant bit in...

Page 20: ...The format of the command is SDWDDMMYY where W is the day of the week 1 7 with Sunday being 7 DD is the date 01 31 MM is the month 01 12 YY is the year 00 99 The sensor will respond with OK ST sets t...

Page 21: ...stamp send OP100001 PLEASE BE EXTREMELY CAREFUL IN SETTING THE CORRECT BIT IN STEP 2 AS SETTING THE WRONG BIT WILL RESULT IN THE SENSOR FUNCTIONING INCORRECTLY To check the setting of the options wor...

Page 22: ...on is as follows IF cksum 8 THEN cksum 119 IF cksum 10 THEN cksum 117 IF cksum 13 THEN cksum 114 IF cksum 17 THEN cksum 110 IF cksum 18 THEN cksum 109 IF cksum 19 THEN cksum 108 IF cksum 20 THEN cksum...

Page 23: ...nabled The sensor will respond with OK 1 4 6 Window heater operating setting The sensor can be set to have the window heaters disabled permanently enabled or for them to be controlled according to con...

Page 24: ...2 2400 BAUD 3 4800 BAUD 4 9600 BAUD 5 19K2 BAUD 6 38K4 BAUD 7 57K6 BAUD Select the baud rate to use for example to select 4800 baud the user would type B3 CRLF The user then receives a prompt to send...

Page 25: ...measurements Reflected Light Care should be taken to ensure that the sensor is situated away from any causes of reflected light for example walls trees and people etc Reflected light entering the sen...

Page 26: ...erwise Table 1 4 Recommended Sensor Height above Ground 1 5 3 Orientation of the SWS LW Sensor The orientation of the sensor heads should be such that the rising or setting sun does not appear in the...

Page 27: ...thern hemisphere 180 should be added to the above directions That is for the SWS 200 LW point the backscatter head 34 West of South and for the SWS 100 LW point the forward scatter receiver directly d...

Page 28: ...pipe may be too large for the U bolts to fit around The sensor head should be mounted near the very top so that the mast will not interfere more than necessary with the free flow of fog or precipitati...

Page 29: ...ent on the power and lines entering the power control subsystem It is essential to connect the sensor to earth ground for maximum protection of the instrument In addition if relays are in use and are...

Page 30: ...eter to measure the supply voltage which should be between 9V and 36V DC DANGER of electric shock Exercise caution when performing this measurement WARNING Only connect power to the sensor if it match...

Page 31: ...he sensor The sensor will respond with its Remote Self Test Monitoring Message For example 100 2 509 24 1 12 3 5 01 12 5 00 00 00 00 100 105 107 00 00 00 021 0 4063 6 Check Data Transmission From Sens...

Page 32: ...9 00 36 00 Supply Voltage Field 5 10 8 13 2 Internal operating voltage Field 6 4 5 5 5 Internal operating voltage Field 7 10 8 13 2 Internal operating voltage Field 8 00 00 Not applicable in this chec...

Page 33: ...40 to ensure that the MOR value changes i e the sensor responds to changes in visibility THIS PROCEDURE CAN ONLY BE COMPLETED IF A SUITABLE SWS LW CALIBRATION KIT IS AVAILABLE CONGRATULATIONS YOUR SE...

Page 34: ...for setting this configuration are provided in section 1 4 5 page 13 Note All responses from the sensor are appended with carriage return and line feed characters crlf see section 1 3 2 1 Standard Op...

Page 35: ...al Range km This is the instantaneous value FFF Self test and Monitoring see section 4 2 CS If selected this will be the checksum character The checksum is off by default Table 2 1 SWS 100 LW Operatin...

Page 36: ...Averaging Time period in seconds AA AA KM Meteorological Optical Range km This is the averaged value BB BBB Amount of water in precipitation in last measurement period mm CC Present weather codes Fro...

Page 37: ...200 LW Operating data message format A typical data message from an SWS 200 LW sensor is as follows SWS200 001 060 00 13 KM 00 000 30 24 5 C 00 13 KM XOO F F F O other self test values OK X other sel...

Page 38: ...cd m2 BBB ALS Self Test and Monitoring see section 4 2 Table 2 3 Message Extension for ALS 2 A typical data message from an SWS 200 LW sensor with an ALS 2 is as follows SWS200 001 060 00 13 KM 00 000...

Page 39: ...ecipitation particle component xxx xx BT Send instantaneous value of Total EXCO xxx xx CA Perform precipitation amount calibration Calibration must be enabled See section 5 3 CE Perform both forward s...

Page 40: ...t 5 OK TEST tt vv vv f c ww Start Stop Test Mode See section 3 1 3 TMx Set measurement interval Range x 10 300 seconds Default 60 OK TR Send current date and time See section 1 4 2 The final 000 is an...

Page 41: ...FF C 8 Sensor power reset since last R Command or any combination of these Field 3 2 450 2 550 Internal Reference voltage Field 4 9 00 36 00 Supply Voltage Field 5 11 5 14 0 Internal operating voltage...

Page 42: ...st Command send the command CO crlf followed by the TEST command in the format TEST tt vv vv f c ww crlf Where tt Duration of test in minutes range 00 60 00 will stop the test vv vv Visibility will be...

Page 43: ...d re send COMM ERR An error was detected in a character in the command Re send the command OK Command with no quantitative response was understood and executed TIMEOUT Command was sent with more than...

Page 44: ...s what actions if any are required to restore the sensor to full operational capability 4 1 General Checks A general check of the physical condition of the sensor should be carried out at regular inte...

Page 45: ...ated at greater contamination levels may begin to deteriorate The windows require cleaning as a matter of urgency 4 2 Self Test Codes Self Test and Monitoring information is provided in the standard O...

Page 46: ...e contamination increases The windows require cleaning NOTE The ALS has an additional code of S This indicates that the sensor is saturated with a VERY bright light source such as direct view of the s...

Page 47: ...re that the MOR value changes ie the sensor responds to changes in visibility THIS PROCEDURE CAN ONLY BE COMPLETED IF A SUITABLE SWS LW CALIBRATION KIT AND PC ARE AVAILABLE 4 3 2 Window Monitor Checks...

Page 48: ...old values for precipitation particle detection and interpretation The following procedure will check this function this procedure is used for both the forward scatter and backscatter receivers For th...

Page 49: ...ceiver window send the command R NOTE This test requires the use of a filament bulb flashlight There is insufficient IR radiation from a visible LED source to carry out this test successfully Step 6 V...

Page 50: ...to the calibration screen The SWS Lightweight plaque also has a backscatter value which although it also is expressed in kilometres is an artificial value assigned only for the purpose of checking th...

Page 51: ...SWS Lightweight sensor This procedure can only be completed with 1 A SWS LW Calibration Kit 2 Connection to a PC running the Biral Sensor Interface Software or if this is not available terminal emulat...

Page 52: ...e Check the cleanliness using a portable light if possible Step 1 may not be necessary if checking or commissioning a new sensor STEP 2 Attach the calibration reference plaque to the sensor as shown i...

Page 53: ...data every 60 seconds STEP 11 Wait for the fifth 5th data message from the sensor Verify that the forward scatter MOR located in 4th field is within 10 of the value assigned to the calibration referen...

Page 54: ...E CALIBRATION PROCEDURE WILL CAUSE THE SENSOR TO GIVE INCORRECT DATA BEFORE CONTINUING ENSURE THAT THE SENSOR 1 IS MOUNTED OUTSIDE AND THAT VISIBILITY IS GREATER THAN 10KM 2 HAS BEEN IN CONTINUOUS OPE...

Page 55: ...WD SCAT VALUE FORM XXX XX STEP 4 Fit the grey foam plugs supplied with the calibration kit against all three of the windows only two needed for the SWS 100 LW STEP 5 Enter Forward CAL value from the c...

Page 56: ...scatter MOR located in 4th field in the sensor data message STEP 12 Send the BB Command and note the value STEP 13 If the MOR reported is the same as the MOR value of the plaque 0 01 and the response...

Page 57: ...the precipitation amount factor is calculated as follows Value entered Desired precipitation accumulation 100 Sensor s reported precipitation accumulation EXAMPLE Over several rainstorms a reference s...

Page 58: ...eries of sensors designed for lower weight and lower power consumption Two models are available in the range with the following measurement capabilities Sensor Model Capability SWS 100 LW Visibility P...

Page 59: ...he sensor is required 6 4 Sensor Features The SWS sensors including the SWS Lightweight sensor are both visibility sensors and present weather sensors They have the necessary optimum configuration for...

Page 60: ...ormed in a matter of a few minutes A re calibration if required takes only slightly longer and is easily performed by one person 6 5 Present Weather Definition The term Present Weather is generally em...

Page 61: ...ce of precipitation the sensor determines the presence of haze or fog based on the MOR If the MOR is less than 1 km then fog 30 is indicated in the output message If the MOR is between 1 and 10 km the...

Page 62: ...t Moderate Heavy Snow Light Moderate Heavy Hail Precipitation rate Rain Up to 500 mm hr 20 in hr Snow Rain Equivalent up to 500 mm hr 20 in hr Obstruction to vision Haze Fog Table 6 2 Precipitation Me...

Page 63: ...nsity the sensor utilises the precise definitions given by the UK CAA CAP 746 document or in the US the Federal Meteorological Handbook These definitions are given in the tables below Table 6 3 and Ta...

Page 64: ...or 1 000 meters Moderate Visibility between 1 4 and 5 8 statute miles 0 2 to 0 55 nautical miles or 400 to1000 meters Heavy Visibility equal to or less than 1 4 statute miles 0 2 nautical miles or 40...

Page 65: ...irst 5 measurement periods from restart 00 No Significant weather observed 04 Haze or smoke 30 Fog 40 Indeterminate precipitation type 51 Light Drizzle 52 Moderate Drizzle 53 Heavy Drizzle 61 Light Ra...

Page 66: ...request Measures Visibility MOR Meteorological Optical Range reductions caused by fog haze smoke sand drizzle rain snow and general precipitation Measurement Accuracy Better than 4 5 for MOR of 600m B...

Page 67: ...ded Table 6 7 Sensor Specifications 6 8 Instrument Characteristics Physical Function Details Scattering Angle Coverage 39 to 51 Sample Volume 400 cm3 Weight 2 7Kg 3 2Kg with pole mounting kit Length 0...

Page 68: ...Source Wattage 2 9 W Additional Power for No Dew Window Heaters 1 7W Additional Power for ALS 2 Option 1 2 W no window heater 2 W with window heater Environmental Function Details Operating Temperatur...

Page 69: ...ination CR LF Message Checksum Selectable Reporting Interval Programmable Response to poll or Automatic at programmable intervals e g 10 seconds to five minutes 1 minute typical Message Content Instru...

Page 70: ...er Supply Voltages Non Volatile Memory Checksum Test EPROM Check Sum Test Restart Occurrence Sensor Sample Interrupt Verification RAM Read Write Verification Register Read Write Verification A D Contr...

Page 71: ...Section 6 Product Overview Sensor Dimensions 61 6 11 SWS Lightweight external dimensions Dimensions in mm Figure 6 1 External Dimensions of SWS LW Sensors...

Page 72: ...Calibration Check 23 41 Calibration Kit 2 49 Assembly 41 Precipitation Amount 47 Re calibration 43 CE CERTIFICATION SAFETY VII CHECKSUM 25 27 31 COMMANDS AND RESPONSES 29 Sensor Responses 33 TEST Comm...

Page 73: ...34 Window Heaters 34 Self Test Codes 35 User Confidence Checks 37 MOR Calibration Check 37 Receiver Background Brightness 38 Window Monitor Checks 37 MAINTENANCE SCHEDULE 57 METEOROLOGICAL OPTICAL RAN...

Page 74: ...ION 16 SENSOR RESPONSES 33 SENSOR SPECIFICATION 56 T TEST AND COMMISSIONING 20 TIME STAMP 9 TROUBLESHOOTING 20 Checking Data link 20 Checking Power Supply 20 Remote Self Test Check 22 Self Test Codes...

Page 75: ...Notes 65 Notes...

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