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ABEM Terraloc Pro 2

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8

Troubleshotting and Diagnostics

Although great care has been taken to make Terraloc Pro 2 as reliable as possible, there
is always a small risk that something does not work properly. Should you have trouble
getting things to work please refer to this chapter. This is a guide to common problems
and how to work them out.

General SeisTW Program Problems

These errors are generally related to the software.

8.1.1 The Program Does Not Start

There should normally be no problem starting SeisTW in the Terraloc Pro 2 once it has
been installed. However, if SeisTW does not start when starting the instrument the
program might need to be reinstalled. Contact Guideline Geo support team at

[email protected]

to receive help.

Data Acquisition Problems

The data acquisition problems can range from errors in the setting up of the system for
measurement, over hardware problems, to errors in the settings in the software.

8.2.1 Terraloc Pro 2 Only Waits For Confirmation When Arming

If the instrument shows the status message "<<<Pending ARM ...>>>" when you try to
arm the instrument, it means that

External Arm Input

mode is set to TTL Rising edge

or TTL Falling edge. If it is, it will wait for an external arm signal to arrive before it
arms itself. This is used when you interconnect two or more Terraloc Pro 2 instruments
(chapter 2.6).

If you use one Terraloc Pro 2 only, no external arm will arrive, hence the Terraloc Pro
2 never arms (unless you have some other external device that confirms the arm
command). Set

External Arm Input

to Off and the arming will be normal (chapter

8.2.2 Dead Channels/Traces

Check the

Receiver Spread

dialog for the settings of the "Stack On" and "Trace On"

parameters (chapter 4.6.8). You should also check the reference channel setting in the

Layout Geometry

dialog (chapter 4.6.9).

8.2.3 Data Is Not Displayed

Check if you have selected Fast Stack as stacking mode, as this causes data not to be
displayed on the screen (chapter 4.6.5.1). In case of Auto Stack, Preview and Single,
check that the "Trace" parameters in the

Receiver Spread

dialog are activated (chapter

8.2.4 Large Offset

Check offset level and do not worry if it is less than 2000 units.

8.2.5 Incorrect Channel Order

Either one cable, at least, has been reversed in the layout or the channel assignments
are erroneous. Check the cable and/or the channel assignments in the

Receiver Spread

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Summary of Contents for Terraloc Pro 2

Page 1: ...User Manual Terraloc Pro 2 ABEM 20181009 based on release 3 0 4 of SeisTW ...

Page 2: ... development we reserve the right to alter specifications without prior notice Guideline Geo will be pleased to receive occasional reports from you concerning the use and experience of the equipment We also welcome your comments on the contents and usefulness of this manual In all communication with Guideline Geo be sure to include the instrument types and serial numbers Contact details Address Gu...

Page 3: ...7 Registration 8 Take Time to Read The Technical Documentation 8 Software 8 2 Overview of the Instrument 9 The Connector Panel 9 The Power Panel 11 The Built in GPS Receiver 12 The User Interface Panel 12 The Power Supply 13 Interconnecting Two or More Instruments 14 3 Quick Start 15 4 The User Interface 18 The Display 18 Keyboard and Mouse 18 Using SeisTW 21 SeisTW Layout Parts 25 Menus 36 Dialog...

Page 4: ...blems 84 Data Acquisition Problems 84 Trigger Problems 85 Remote Diagnostics VPN 85 In Case of Malfunction 87 9 Appendix A Technical Specification 88 10 Appendix B Connectors 90 Seismic Input Connectors 90 TTL Arm Trig Connector 92 11 Appendix C The First Arrivals File Format PCK 93 General 93 Description 93 12 Appendix D Seismic Methods 94 Refraction 94 Reflection 94 Optimum Offset 95 Tomography ...

Page 5: ...his manual for highlighting special messages Use of the internal keyboard is given in this format A sequence of steps will have two or more of these parts Further information about this particular usage is given like this Note This format is used to highlight information of importance or special interest Warning Ignoring this type of notes might lead to loss of data or a malfunction These notes wa...

Page 6: ...ABEM Terraloc Pro 2 iv ...

Page 7: ...aloc Pro 2 For filtering and basic processing you can use the Terraloc Pro 2 internal software called SeisTW which is the software that controls the functions of the Terraloc Pro 2 Please ask your authorized Guideline Geo Distributor for details about the seismic interpretation and processing packages that are available Your Terraloc Pro 2 was carefully checked at all stages of production It was t...

Page 8: ...ard ABEM Terraloc Pro 2 system includes the following Figure 1 1 Terraloc Pro 2 field unit with a number of channels as shown on the packing list 1 External power cable with connector and crocodile clips 2 Internal battery pack 1 Office power supply unit 1 External USB Keyboard Mouse Kit 1 Trigger cable 250m on reel packed in own box 1 Terraloc Pro 2 Accessories kit 1 Trigger coil 1 LAN cable RJ45...

Page 9: ...h the carrier immediately after discovery of the damage and before the equipment is put into use Forward a full report to Guideline Geo making certain to include the Guideline Geo delivery number instrument type s and serial number s If it is a question of short shipment you must make a claim in writing to Guideline Geo within 14 days of your receipt of shipment Shipping Repacking instructions The...

Page 10: ...um results with the ABEM Terraloc Pro 2 please take time to read this instruction manual thoroughly If you should for any reason have difficulties in operating ABEM Terraloc Pro 2 or in getting satisfactory seismic survey results please contact your authorized Guideline Geo distributor Guideline Geo always listens to end user comments about their experience with Guideline Geo products So please se...

Page 11: ... the external power are situated on the right side panel of the Terraloc Pro 2 Figure 2 Some of the connectors are described in more detail in chapter 10 Appendix B Connectors Note Always have the connector protection dust caps in place whenever a connector is not used Figure 2 The Connector panel ...

Page 12: ...e signature Mating connectors 4 mm banana plug or bare wire 8 Reference channel 1 up hole channel Connector for a single geophone or vibrator reference signature Mating connectors 4 mm banana plug or bare wire 9 Signal for connecting geophone spread cables to channel 13 24 24 channel or 25 48 48 channel The connector is wired to industry standard For wiring and mating connector see chapter 10 1 1 ...

Page 13: ... The Power Input connector is described in more detail in chapter 10 Appendix B Connectors Figure 3 The Power panel The connectors Label Function 11 Power Input for connecting an external power source Use External Power cable with clips for a car battery or Office power unit 12 Internal battery lid ...

Page 14: ...oor areas with limited viewing angle towards the sky the function can be limited for example in a forest Positioning data is automatically saved in the header of the current record The GPS receiver status is shown on the display see chapter 4 4 7 Application Status Bar Figure 4 The GPS antenna is integrated in the left side of the handle The User Interface Panel All interaction with the Terraloc P...

Page 15: ...the display see chapter 4 4 7 Application Status Bar For field operations a good adequate in capacity and recently charged battery is vital for the best performance It is possible to fully run the Terraloc Pro 2 without the internal batteries but for your convenience you should always have at least one installed The internal batteries is primarily designed as a backup power source for operating th...

Page 16: ...ro 2 instruments The Arm Disarm and Trigger events can be synchronized with interconnected instruments The TTL Arm Trig connector is used to connect the instruments see chapter 10 2 Figure 6 shows an example from a survey where four Terraloc Mk6 were used to comprise a 96 channel system The same can be done with Terraloc Pro 2 instruments Figure 6 96 channel record made using four interconnected T...

Page 17: ...ou can press HLP to get access to the help screen for explanations about which key command does what Now follow these steps Connect the power supply see Figure 3 connector 11 and switch on the instrument by pressing POWER Some diagnostic messages show up on the screen during the start up tests and then Linux Lubuntu is started SeisTW starts automatically The Wizard mode will start by default Figur...

Page 18: ...gy source type if needed Press ENT to select OK The instrument will use recommended settings for selected measurement Press ARM This arms the instrument and makes it ready to trigger and record a trace The status bar at the bottom of the screen displays the message ARMED Press CTRL ARM to force the instrument to trig The message TRIGGERED is displayed in the status bar shortly followed by Transfer...

Page 19: ... to save the data the message No data will be displayed or press ESC to disarm the instrument the message Data in memory will be displayed When you are finished getting acquainted with the instrument you may shut it down Press CTRL SPACE for the quick menu and select Power Off among the menu items Press ENT when the confirming dialog appears Now you should have learned a little about how to operat...

Page 20: ... this interaction The Display SeisTW will normally be shown on the display Figure 9 shows the main window which is shown if the Wizard mode or if a record is closed Figure 9 The SeisTW main window For more information about the layout parts of SeisTW please see chapter 4 4 Keyboard and Mouse Commands from the user are entered through a keyboard and or a mouse There is a built in keyboard see ...

Page 21: ...as well an external USB mouse 4 2 1 The Built in Keyboard Table 1 lists the names of the buttons as referenced in this document 1 2 3 POWER 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 ESC BACK SPACE UP ARM LEFT TAB RIGHT SAVE SHIFT DOWN HELP CTRL ALT SPACE ENT Table 1 Names used for the built in keyboard buttons ...

Page 22: ...d used as a complement to the built in keyboard The mapping between the built in buttons and the computer keyboard is listed in Table 2 Note The only way to enter and edit text is to use an external keyboard 1 2 3 none 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 Esc Back space Up F2 Left Tab Right F3 Shift Down F1 Ctrl Alt Space Enter Table 2 Mapping between built in keyboard and external keyboard 4 2 3 An External Mouse A sta...

Page 23: ...he various functions of SeisTW Please see Figure 15 on page 25 for a descriptive overview of the layout of SeisTW Highlighting different views Record View Trace View Frequency View This is useful for working with the different views Press TAB to highlight the next view Press SHIFT TAB to highlight the previous view Figure 10 SeisTW with the Trace View highlighted Changing the sizes of the views Th...

Page 24: ...he horizontal separator moved upwards Figure 12 SeisTW with the vertical separator moved to the right Hiding the Trace and Frequency Views The Record View will enlarge to cover the hidden area Press CTRL 0 to alternately hide and show the two views ...

Page 25: ...ugh Menu Bar items Press ALT SPACE to set focus on the Menu Bar Press RIGHT then DOWN to open the File menu list Press DOWN or UP to highlight a menu item Press LEFT or RIGHT to open another top level menu list Press ENT to execute the highlighted menu item Navigating between input fields on dialogs Press TAB to highlight the next input field Press SHIFT TAB to highlight the previous input field ...

Page 26: ...RIGHT to change the value Check box see Ext arm verify Press SPACE to change the value Up down field see Verify timeout ms Press UP to increment the value with 1 Press DOWN to decrement the value with 1 Press the NUMBERS keys to directly enter digits Press BACKSPACE to delete the digit before the input marker Figure 14 Part of Trig setup dialog as input field example Closing an opened dialog Make ...

Page 27: ...Record View shows all traces vertically A time scale is displayed on the left side This timescale adjusts according to sample interval and view options Tic lines across the screen Figure 16 can be enabled in the View options dialog see chapter 4 6 13 Figure 16 The Record View Left without Tic lines Right with Tic lines At the top of the view there is a trace marker This marker points out the curre...

Page 28: ...trace is on and if the square is open the same stack is off see chapter 4 6 5 1 for information about the stack function If negative polarity has been selected for a trace a minus sign is displayed under the square Figure 19 Figure 18 Stack On Status Traces 1 and 3 are off Figure 19 Negative Polarity Traces 1 and 3 have negative polarity Below the trace marker is a source indicator The source indi...

Page 29: ...ew The time and A D value for the current trace and timeline position will be displayed in the status field just below the views The timeline can be used to position a first break marker at the location of the timeline on the current trace Moving a timeline across the view Figure 23 Press to move the timeline downwards Press to move the timeline upwards Press SHIFT to move the timeline downwards w...

Page 30: ...y pressed will accelerate the movement of the timeline Positioning a first break marker Figure 24 Press to position a first break marker The marker will be positioned on the current trace A similar marker is also positioned in the Trace View Figure 24 First break marker ...

Page 31: ...P to change to the next trace Press DOWN to change to the previous trace Scrolling the view Press LEFT to scroll the view to the left Press RIGHT to scroll the view to the right A timeline can be moved across the view The time and A D value for the current trace and timeline position will be displayed in the status field just below the views The timeline can be used to position a first break marke...

Page 32: ...e line is moved when the reference time marker is active the status bar will display in addition to the normal information the relative time and the corresponding frequency i e reciprocal time Position a reference time marker Figure 27 Press 0 to position a reference time marker Figure 27 The red reference time marker Move the timeline and show relative time Figure 28 Press to move the timeline to...

Page 33: ...e first break marker 4 4 5 Frequency View The Frequency View displays the frequency components of the trace Here it is possible to check the amplitudes of the frequency components with the frequency line The frequency and the corresponding amplitude value are displayed on the Record Status Bar just below the Frequency View Change the trace to view Press UP to change to the next trace Press DOWN to...

Page 34: ...displays trace centric information Figure 31 Figure 31 The Record Status Bar The top row contains information as described in Table 3 S Number of stacks t Position of the timeline ms A D Measured value at timeline Unit is available as raw A D value V mV mm s or cm s This is selectable in the view options dialog Table 3 Top row information Different data will be displayed depending on which view is...

Page 35: ... The Frequency View f Frequency Hz Level Amplitude db Table 4 Bottom row information Figure 32 The Record Status Bar with Trace View time 4 4 7 Application Status Bar The Application Status Bar displays general status information There are seven separate fields on the bar Field Description The current record number Is used the next time an acquired record is saved The active acquisition mode Stand...

Page 36: ...ee the Warn for early trig setting in chapter 4 6 5 2 N Warning for noisy trig see the Warn for noisy trig setting in chapter 4 6 5 2 GPS signal indication Green background with dB value if fully functional Red background with text No GPS signal if no signal is detected usual behavior indoors Red background with text No GPS device if SeisTW cannot get contact with the GPS ...

Page 37: ...in memory There is data in the memory the instrument is ready to be armed Some but not all acquisition parameters can be changed SAVING Data is being saved When the save operation has finished the memory will be cleared the record number incremented and the instrument ready to be armed Testing The geophone test is active Geophone test data The memory contains geophone test data Press SAVE to save ...

Page 38: ...The Main Menu File menu item opened Submenu Submenu items File New Create a new record Opens the Select Acquisition Mode dialog see chapter 4 6 3 Open Open a previously saved record A standard open file dialog is shown Close Close All Close one or all open record s Save Saves the current record The current working directory will be used The filename has the form DAT_xxxx sg2 where xxxx is substitu...

Page 39: ...ferences Displays the Preferences dialog chapter 4 6 3 View Toolbar Hides Shows the Toolbar Logging Hides Shows the Logging Window Details Hides Shows Trace Frequency Refresh Refreshes the SeisTW window Velocity analysis Displays the Velocity Analysis dialog 4 6 14 Options Displays the View Options dialog 4 6 13 Trace Style Shortcut to the toolbar Trace Style option Time Compression Shortcut to th...

Page 40: ... average filter Displays the Moving average dialog 5 5 Unfilter data Reloads the original unfiltered data Cross Correlate Displays the Cross Correlate dialog 5 4 Help Help Displays the help file Keyboard help Displays a specific part of the help file System info Displays the System Information dialog 4 6 2 Table 6 Main Menu items 4 5 2 The Quick Menu Duplicates most of the menu items from the File...

Page 41: ...specifics on each menu sub item The data Context Menu on the other hand duplicates the entire Process submenu as well as some menu items from the View submenu and also the Clear Traces pop up menu Note The Context Menu will not be shown if no record is created or opened Opening the Context Menu Press SPACE to open the Context Menu Or Right click with a mouse Figure 35 The Compact Context Menu Figu...

Page 42: ...re not available from the Main Menu Note The Clear Traces Menu will only be shown when data has been recorded Opening the Clear Traces Menu Press ESC to open the Clear Traces Menu Or Via the Clear Traces submenu of the compact Context Menu Figure 37 The Clear Traces Menu ...

Page 43: ...formation dialog Press SHIFT HLP to open the About dialog Figure 38 The About dialog 4 6 2 The GPS Information dialog Displays information about the GPS system status Figure 39 Opening the GPS Information dialog Press SHIFT CTRL HLP to open the GPS Information dialog Figure 39 The GPS Information dialog 4 6 3 The Preferences dialog Various general settings can be accessed from this dialog The sett...

Page 44: ...automatically but the next number to use can be set here The format of the saved recorded data can be set By default SeisTW prompts for an exit confirmation but this can be turned off Various colors can be set here The four colored areas are buttons that when pressed will show a standard Windows color select dialog The stretching along the timeline can be set here Values between 1 and 8 are allowe...

Page 45: ...use the record to be saved and the roll along parameters to be updated according to the Roll along step size as defined in the Layout Geometry Dialog How the Roll along parameters are updated is determined by the Roll along reverse direction check box Optimum offset When a record is created it will initially only have the first trace s stack enabled Besides only the currently active trace and trac...

Page 46: ... SHIFT CTRL TAB to switch to the previous category tab SeisTW will remember the latest used combined acquisition settings between sessions It is also possible to save the settings to disk and later reload them The settings are stored in acquisition settings files acq which are text files with an ini file format Saving acquisition settings to disk Press TAB until the Save button is selected Press E...

Page 47: ... reduced Conversely a short sampling interval with a high number of samples will give you good information for interpretation but file size will be larger Your choice will always be a compromise Usually the sampling interval is determined by other factors than the record length Thus changing the number of samples to record usually varies the record length However if the number of samples available...

Page 48: ... been acquired If you type 0 zero stacking will continue until you press SAVE Even if you type a number higher than 0 zero you may always interrupt stacking by pressing the SAVE key When the record has been saved the next record will be initialized Stack mode The stack mode determines how the acquired data is added to the stack and how it is displayed The following stacking modes are available Nam...

Page 49: ...ed state Input voltage range Available choices are 500 mV 5 0 V and 12 5 V Input gain dB This setting complements the Input voltage range setting Available choices are 0 12 24 36 48 Note Setting the input gain to 0 dB makes it possible to measure frequencies down to 0 Hz whereas higher settings gives measurement down to 1 Hz Input impedance Set up for different types of sensors Examples are 3000 O...

Page 50: ...red when a trigger circuit connected to the trigger input connector is closed make or opened break The trigger circuit can for example be a twisted pair of insulated wires inserted in a dynamite charge The wires are then shorted when the charge explodes make switch A break switch can be a single wire which has been wound a few turns around the charge and the explosion cuts the wire break switch Th...

Page 51: ...ty level needs to be high enough to ensure triggering by the trigger signal but not so high that spurious signals will trigger in advance of the actual shot impulse For example when a geophone is used as the source of the trigger signal a time delay will always be present between the shot instant and the triggering time There are two main causes for this 1 The propagation delay from the shot point...

Page 52: ... warning is shown in the status bar see chapter 4 4 7 This setting together with its three sub settings below decides how the evaluation is done If the signal level is higher than the given level in connection with the trigger point then the warning is raised Figure 44 illustrates the meaning of the involved settings Figure 44 Trig signal from a geophone and the trig event Evaluation time ms The t...

Page 53: ...and uses the TTL Arm Trig connector Figure 73 chapter 10 2 Setting Description External trig out mode The following modes are available Name Description TTL Rising Edge The instrument will make the trig out signal go from low to high when the instrument gets armed TTL Falling Edge The instrument will make the trig out signal go from high to low when the instrument gets armed External arm out mode ...

Page 54: ...strument will disarm and the disarm event will propagate to all the other instruments Verify timeout ms The time to wait for an external arm before disarming and showing an error message Table 10 External Arm Trig settings 4 6 5 3 The Noise Monitor Settings Category The Noise Monitor Setup dialog Figure 45 has settings that control the Noise Monitor dialog chapter 4 6 6 Opening the Noise Monitor S...

Page 55: ...ignal exceeds this threshold level a warning is displayed in the noise monitor window Show noise Press this button to directly display the noise monitor Press ESC to close it Table 11 Noise Monitor settings 4 6 5 4 The Filters Settings Category These settings control how SeisTW filter data to be sampled Figure 46 Opening the Filters Setup Acquisition Setup dialog with the Filters tab selected Pres...

Page 56: ... either 50 or 60 Hz Use this when working in vicinity of power lines otherwise leave it off A spectrum analysis of a noise recording may often show if power line noise is present Lowcut filter Status Turns the analog low cut filter on or off Lowcut filter Slope Select the slope of the filter Available choices are 12 dB octave and 24 dB octave Lowcut filter Cutoff freq Selects the low cutoff 3 dB r...

Page 57: ...oise monitor integrated in the system It is displayed in the Noise Monitor dialog Figure 47 The Noise Monitor can be used to just inspect the noise level or monitor the noise so that the operator is able to fire the shot at the right moment Opening the Noise Monitor dialog The Noise Monitor is opened either directly from Noise Monitor Setup dialog with the Show Noise button or when the Noise Monit...

Page 58: ...ph max Figure 48 Press CTRL to increase the graph max in 10 dB step Press CTRL to decrease the graph max in 10 dB step Figure 49 Increased graph max value Adjusting the threshold Figure 50 Press to increase the threshold in 1 dB step Press to decrease the threshold in 1 dB step ...

Page 59: ...onse starts just before the DC current is switched off The response is recorded and SeisTW then analysis the recorded test data and determines the status of each channel After the analysis of the data has been performed the result is displayed as a normal record and as a report log in a Textfile Viewer dialog Furthermore these results are also saved in the current working directory as a record in ...

Page 60: ...eceiver Spread Dialog The Receiver Spread dialog is used to set up the traces including input channel mapping and polarity Figure 52 Opening the Receiver Spread dialog Press 5 Figure 52 The Receiver Spread Dialog Note Default settings can be reloaded by using the Default button ...

Page 61: ...rse direction channel 24 to trace 1 23 to 2 etc for a 24 channel instrument Press ARROWS to select any trace in the channel column Press SHIFT Polarity Specifies the polarity of the recorded signal If the polarity is positive the signal will be stored as is If the polarity is negative the signal will be inverted before it is stored Changing polarity on one trace Press ARROWS to select the wanted t...

Page 62: ...ace in the stack column Press SHIFT SPACE to toggle the value on all traces Or Press SHIFT 1 to set all traces to a checked value Or Press SHIFT 0 to set all traces to a non checked value Trace Enables or disables viewing of the specified trace Note All traces will be recorded regardless of the Trace value Changing trace state for one trace Press ARROWS to select the wanted trace in the trace colu...

Page 63: ...ure 53 Each section is described separately below Opening the Layout Geometry dialog Press 6 Figure 53 The Layout Geometry Dialog Source location X Y and Z are coordinates of the source location Changing a value Press TAB to select the X Y or Z value to be changed Press NUMBERS and possibly and to construct a valid value Press TAB to set the value and move to the next value Receiver locations X Y ...

Page 64: ...second row and entered in the third row etc for example starting with 0 on the first row and 5 on the second row will produce 10 15 20 etc in the following rows If the value on the second row is smaller than the one in the first row the difference will be subtracted from the value in the second row and entered in the third row etc for example starting with 100 on the first row and 95 on the second...

Page 65: ... location data Possible values are None Meters Centimeters Feet and Inches If None is specified it will be up to the user to interpret location data Source type An appropriate text string describing the source used to acquire this record Pre defined values are Untitled Hammer Weight Drop Seismic Gun Explosives and Vibrator The asterisk means that the user may enter any text string in this field Re...

Page 66: ...s TAB to select the OK button Press SPACE or ENT to exit from the dialog and automatically fill in the receiver locations grid 4 6 11 The Source Receiver Locations Dialog This dialog is best used to get a view of source and receiver locations in existing record data It also displays the locations per trace Opening the Source Receiver Locations dialog Press CTRL 6 to open the Source Receiver Locati...

Page 67: ...e Client A text string naming the client of the job Company A text string naming the company of the client Observer A text string naming the observer s Note A free form text string 4 6 13 The View Options Dialog The View Options dialog handles settings for how data is viewed in SeisTW Figure 57 The dialog is divided into six sections The View Mode setting decides which one of the Normalize AGC Enh...

Page 68: ...a running window which length is specified by the AGC window parameter This means that each sample is scaled according to the average signal level in the samples vicinity Hyperbolic Applies a hyperbolic scaling to the data If the logarithmic choice is selected the function ArcSinH will be used otherwise the function TanH is used Trace style The following styles are available Name Description VAR T...

Page 69: ... is displayed on the Record Status Bar 4 4 6 Available values are None V mV mm s cm s None Raw A D value Global scaling If enabled the maximum value in the whole record is used to normalize every sample of all traces Only available when View Mode is set to Normalize AGC window ms The length of the window in milliseconds used to calculate the average value to use for scaling of a sample value The w...

Page 70: ...kman Bartlett Kaiser 4th order Blackman Harris Flat top Max frequency Hz The maximum frequency to display The displayed spectrum will go from 0 Hz up to the selected maximum frequency Available values are 50 100 200 500 1000 2000 5000 10000 25000 Dynamic range dB The maximum frequency component is used as reference when calculating the spectrum The displayed spectrum will go from 0 dB up to the se...

Page 71: ... record Thus it is easy to find out velocities for different layers Figure 60 The Velocity Analyzer Dialog Setting Description Receiver separation The calculated value can be changed Units The unit for the velocity value is set here Available values are None m s cm s ft s and in s Opening the Velocity Analyzer Press CTRL 8 Closing the Velocity Analyzer Press ESC Moving the Velocity Marker see the ...

Page 72: ...raloc Pro 2 70 Press CTRL LEFT to move the free end to the left Press CTRL DOWN to move the free end down Press CTRL UP to move the free end up Start position Moved down Moved to the right Free end to the right ...

Page 73: ...ABEM Terraloc Pro 2 71 Free end to the left Free end to the right Free end up Free end down Free end left ...

Page 74: ...ABEM Terraloc Pro 2 72 Free end up Moved to the right ...

Page 75: ...W s ASCII free format Such files are saved with PCK file extension More information about the first arrival file format can be found in chapter 11 Appendix C The First Arrivals File Format PCK Menu item Description Auto pick Performs an automatic first break pick Automatic computing of first arrivals works best on data with small pre signal noise You should always check the picked arrivals and edi...

Page 76: ... Band pass Rejects frequencies lower than the low cut off and higher than the high cut off Band reject Rejects frequencies between the low cut off and high cut off Windowin g function Data windowing function to apply to the data when filtering Available values are Hanning and Blackman Cut off frequencies The cut off frequencies are specified as the frequency where the pass band signal has been red...

Page 77: ... number that was used for the reference signal and then press OK The cross correlation may take several minutes so be patient The Cross correlation progressing status dialog will be shown Figure 64 The progress is shown partly as a progress bar and partly time values Updates to the dialog are a bit uneven but occur every 10th to 15th second Figure 64 The Cross correlation dialog The next two figur...

Page 78: ...ABEM Terraloc Pro 2 76 Figure 65 Opened record before processing Figure 66 The same record now cross correlated ...

Page 79: ... Average menu item from the data Context Menu Figure 36 opens the Enter filter length dialog Figure 67 Figure 67 The Enter filter length dialog Setting Description Filter length Value range 1 1023 Enter the wanted filter length the number of samples to use and then press OK The next two figures Figure 68 and Figure 69 first display raw data from a record acquired using vibration seismic and then a...

Page 80: ...ABEM Terraloc Pro 2 78 Figure 68 Opened record before processing Figure 69 The same record after moving average filter ...

Page 81: ...ling weight or hammerhead When the hammer hits the shock plate the trigger circuit is shorted and the instrument triggers Using the Trigger Coil If you want to trigger Terraloc Pro 2 with the ignition current going out to the charge you can use the Trigger Coil current detector unit included in the Terraloc Pro 2 accessories To use this you merely feed one of the two shot wires through the hole in...

Page 82: ... force a trig Or Set up an automatic trigging chapter 4 6 5 2 Saving Press SAVE to save the current file prompting for overwrite if the file already exists Or Press SHIFT SAVE to open a Save As dialog Or Press CTRL SAVE to force a save of the current file overwriting any existing file Disarming Press ESC to disarm an armed instrument Delete recorded data Press BACKSPACE to delete the last acquired...

Page 83: ... by Guideline Geo File transfers from your Terraloc Pro 2 to a PC can be done using a network cable You will also need an external USB keyboard and USB mouse for the Terraloc Pro 2 These parts are supplied with the Terraloc Pro 2 at delivery Note If the Terraloc Pro 2 is connected directly to a PC rather than connected to an existing LAN Local Area Network it might be necessary to use a crossed ne...

Page 84: ...ination folder Optimizing Many of the settings you select affect the performance of the system You can set up the system to do the data acquisition as fast as possible or to give you as much information during the acquisition as possible which often means a more secure operation 7 3 1 For Speed Sometimes for example in marine seismic surveys it is important to obtain fast data acquisition There ar...

Page 85: ...y you set the instrument up to give you as much information about the data acquisition as possible This means that e g data and progress are displayed Set Stack Mode to Preview or Single chapter 4 6 5 1 Use the noise monitor if you are in Single Stack Mode chapter 4 6 5 3 ...

Page 86: ...eans that External Arm Input mode is set to TTL Rising edge or TTL Falling edge If it is it will wait for an external arm signal to arrive before it arms itself This is used when you interconnect two or more Terraloc Pro 2 instruments chapter 2 6 If you use one Terraloc Pro 2 only no external arm will arrive hence the Terraloc Pro 2 never arms unless you have some other external device that confir...

Page 87: ... a break in the cable or a bad connection somewhere Select Make Break trig input mode the trigger input level should be about 50 and try to short the trigger input by a bare wire The instrument should trigger when you make or when you break connection If the instrument does not trigger then you might have a fault in the internal triggering electronics 8 3 4 Triggering Immediately When Arming If yo...

Page 88: ...ction please contact your local network administrator Establishing a connection Double click on the desktop icon named TeamViewer 12 TeamViewer 12 will start Note down Your ID and Password and send that to the Guideline Geo support team or the person who you would like to be able to remotely connect to the instrument A remote connection has been made In the lower right corner the following dialog ...

Page 89: ...d full details to Guideline Geo It is essential that the instrument type and serial number is included and if possible the original Guideline Geo delivery number On receipt of this information disposition instructions will be sent by return Freight to Guideline Geo must be prepaid For damage or repairs outside the terms of the Warranty Guideline Geo will submit an estimate before putting the work ...

Page 90: ... converter resolution 24 bits Dynamic range theoretical measured 144 dB 120 dB Max input signal impedance User selectable 0 5 Vpp 5 Vpp or 12 5 Vpp Input impedance User selectable 3 kΩ 20 kΩ or 20 MΩ Frequency range DC to 20 kHz Total harmonic distortion 0 0005 Crosstalk 120 dB Noise monitor Amplitude Anti alias filters Set automatically based on sampling rate Geophone connector type 12 and 24 cha...

Page 91: ...c or manual Times can be saved with record Pre stack correlation Yes cross correlation with reference or any other ch Processor RAM and hard disk Processor Low power Intel Atom with 4 cores of 1 9 GHz Operating System Linux Lubuntu Internal RAM 4 GB Hard disk capacity at least 100 GB Display 8 4 Active TFT LCD full color daylight visible 800x600 I O port 3 x USB 2 0 ports Network interface 1 x IEE...

Page 92: ...nnector type Cannon NK 27 32P Panel connector mating side fits to NK 27 21C 1 2 cable connector Figure 71 Input Connector 12 and 24 channel Terraloc Pro 2 Connector 1 12 Connector 13 24 Pin Channel Pin Channel 1 1 1 13 2 1 2 13 3 2 3 14 4 2 4 14 23 12 23 24 24 12 24 24 10 1 2 48 Channel Terraloc Pro 2 Connector type ...

Page 93: ...or mating side fits to KPT 06 A22 55S cable connector Figure 72 Input Connector 48 channel Terraloc Pro 2 Connector 1 24 Connector 25 48 Pin Channel Pin Channel A 24 A 25 B 24 B 25 C 23 C 26 D 23 D 26 Z 13 Z 36 a 13 a 36 b 12 b 37 c 12 c 37 z 1 z 48 AA 1 AA 48 ...

Page 94: ...igger Input D GND Ground E No Connection F Arm Output TTL stands for Transistor Transistor Logic It is used in connection to digital signals A digital signal is considered to be either a logical 0 or a logical 1 hereafter only called 0 and 1 Physically a 0 corresponds to a voltage of 0 0 7 V while a 1 corresponds to a voltage of 2 8 5 0 V Alternatively a 0 might be called low and a 1 called high ...

Page 95: ... Be sure however to save the text in ASCII format and not in any word processing format e g WordPerfect or Microsoft Word Description BEGINNING OF FILE 1 0 024400 0 23 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 2 0 023400 0 23 00 0 00 2 00 0 00 3 0 022400 0 23 00 0 00 4 00 0 00 4 0 020200 0 23 00 0 00 6 00 0 00 5 0 018800 0 23 00 0 00 8 00 0 00 6 0 016000 0 23 00 0 00 10 00 0 00 7 0 013800 0 23 00 0 00 12 00 0 00 8 0 0138...

Page 96: ...n about material properties and what kind of material comprises each layer Additionally frequency analysis of the recorded signals can give more information about the material properties The principles for seismic refraction techniques can be found in most geophysical textbooks For a more detailed description of both theory and practice see Sjögren 1984 Investigations performed with the refraction...

Page 97: ...n of some physical property e g velocity reflectivity bulk modulus etc It can involve borehole to borehole surface to borehole or surface to surface measurements The main restriction is that the source and receiver positions and hence any boreholes must be confined to the same plane This plane can have any orientation Usually the travel times for a large number of ray paths through the rock volume...

Page 98: ...e source signal for reference A sinusoidal vibration of continuously varying frequency is applied during a sweep period typically lasting for several seconds 10 s The sweep may start at either low or high frequencies and it can be linear or nonlinear The recorded data comprising many super positioned wave trains has to be correlated with the source signal The correlated record resembles a conventi...

Page 99: ...sonal Computers Standard Engineering and Groundwater Geophysics Subcommittee Society of Exploration Geophysicists ISBN 1 56080 020 8 Sheriff Robert E 1991 Encyclopedic Dictionary of Exploration Geophysics 3rd Edition Society of Exploration Geophysicists ISBN 0 931830 47 8 Series ISBN 1 56080 018 6 Volume Sjögren Bengt 1984 Shallow Refraction Seismics Chapman and Hall ISBN 0 412 24210 9 Ward Stanle...

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