Yamaha 02R, Руководство пользователя

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Glossary 291
02R User’s Guide
Dither —Dithering is a mathematical process where a random noise is
added to the least significant bit of a digital word. With very low level
signals, the quantization error becomes correlated to the signal level. This
creates a measurable amount of distortion. By adding dither, the correlation
between the signal level and the quantization error is cancelled, allowing
the digital system to encode amplitudes smaller than the least significant
bit. If you change the word size as a signal passes from one digital system
to another, being able to add dither allows you to maintain a high quality
signal.
Digital Signal Processor (DSP) —A specialized circuit, usually a chip, that
is designed to manipulate large quantities of data in real-time. YAMAHA
has developed world renowned expertise in proprietary musical
application specific digital signal processing.
Ducking —Ducking is used to automatically reduce signal levels when the
level of a source signal exceeds a specified threshold. It is used for
voice-over applications where, for example, level of background music is
automatically reduced, allowing an announcer to be heard clearly. See
Dynamics Processor.
Dynamic range —The difference between the loudest (maximum output
level) and quietest (residual noise floor) sounds produced in an audio
system. The dynamic range in a digital system is determined by the data
resolution, about 6dB per digital bit. A 20-bit system has a theoretical
dynamic range of 120 dB. The 02R has a specified dynamic range of 105 dB.
Dynamics Library —An area in 02R memory used to access and store
dynamics settings—stored as programs. There are 40 preset programs (1 to
40) for you to recall and 88 user programs (41 to 128) for you to store your
own dynamics settings.
Dynamics Processor —Dynamics processors are used to correct or control
signal levels. The 02R features comprehensive dynamics processors for all
the input channels, tape returns, and the bus and stereo outputs. These
processors allow you to compress, expand, compress-expand (compand),
gate, or duck the signals passing through the mixer. See Compander,
Compressor, Ducking, Expander, and Gate.
Edit Buffer —The Edit Buffer is the current mix settings. When a scene
memory is recalled, the mix settings of the selected scene memory are
written to the Edit Buffer. When a scene memory is stored, the mix settings
in the Edit Buffer are written to the selected scene memory.
EQ —The 02R is equipped with a four-band, fully parametric EQ, with
variable bandwidth (Q), center frequency (F), gain (G), and ON/OFF
parameters. equalization can be applied to the input channels, the tape and
effect return channels, and the stereo output. For stereo channels, the
equalization curve is applied equally to both channels.
EQ Library —An area in 02R memory used to access and store EQ
settings—stored as programs. There are 40 preset programs (1 to 40) for
you to recall and 88 user programs (41 to 128) for you to store your own EQ
settings.