Chapter 4: UEFI BIOS
85
Stale AtoS (A to S)
The in-memory directory has three states: I, A, and S states. The I (-invalid) state indicates
that the data is clean and does not exist in the cache of any other sockets. The A (-snoop
All) state indicates that the data may exist in another socket in an exclusive or modi
fi
ed
state. The S state (-Shared) indicates that the data is clean and may be shared in the
caches across one or more sockets. When the system is performing "read" on the memory
and if the directory line is in A state, we must snoop all other sockets because another
socket may have the line in a modi
fi
ed state. If this is the case, a "snoop" will return the
modi
fi
ed data. However, it may be the case that a line "reads" in an A state, and all the
snoops come back with a "miss". This can happen if another socket reads the line earlier
and then has silently dropped it from its cache without modifying it. If the "Stale AtoS"
feature is enabled, a line will transition to the S state when the line in the A state returns
only snoop misses. That way, subsequent reads to the line will encounter it in the S state
and will not have to snoop, saving the latency and snoop bandwidth. Stale "AtoS" may be
bene
fi
cial in a workload where there are many cross-socket reads. The options are Disable,
Enable,
and
Auto
.
LLC Dead Line Alloc
Select Enable to opportunistically
fi
ll the deadlines in the LLC. The options are
Enable
,
Disable,
and Auto.
Isoc Mode
Select Enable to enable Isochronous support to meet QoS (Quality of Service) requirements.
This feature is especially important for Virtualization Technology. The options are Disable,
Enable, and
Auto
.
Memory Con
fi
guration
Enforce POR (Plan of Record)
Select POR to enforce POR restrictions for DDR4 memory frequency and voltage
programming. The options are
POR
and Disable.
PPR Type
Post Package Repair (PPR) is a new feature available for the DDR4 Technology. PPR
provides additional spare capacity within a DDR4 DRAM module that is used to replace
faulty cell areas detected during system boot. PPR offers two types of memory repairs.
Soft Post Package Repair (sPPR) provides a quick, temporary
fi
x on a raw element in a
bank group of a DDR4 DRAM device, while hard Post Package Repair (hPPR) will take a
longer time to provide a permanent repair on a raw element. The options are
Auto
,
Enable,
Soft PPR, and Disable.
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