6. Reference Information
DLNA
The Digital Living Network Alliance (DLNA) is a standard that allows devices on a home network to
share information with each other across the network.
DNS
The Domain Name Server (DNS) is a system that stores information associated with domain names in
a distributed database on networks, such as the Internet.
Dot Matrix Printer
A dot matrix printer refers to a type of computer printer with a print head that runs back and forth
on the page and prints by impact, striking an ink-soaked cloth ribbon against the paper, much like a
typewriter.
DPI
Dots Per Inch (DPI) is a measurement of resolution that is used for scanning and printing. Generally,
higher DPI results in a higher resolution, more visible detail in the image, and a larger file size.
DRPD
Distinctive Ring Pattern Detection. Distinctive Ring is a telephone company service which enables a
user to use a single telephone line to answer several different telephone numbers.
Duplex
A mechanism that will automatically turn over a sheet of paper so that the machine can print (or
scan) on both sides of the paper. A printer equipped with a Duplex Unit can print on both sides of
paper during one print cycle.
Duty Cycle
Duty cycle is the page quantity which does not affect printer performance for a month. Generally the
printer has the lifespan limitation such as pages per year. The lifespan means the average capacity
of print-outs, usually within the warranty period. For example, if the duty cycle is 48,000 pages per
month assuming 20 working days, a printer limits 2,400 pages a day.
ECM
Error Correction Mode (ECM) is an optional transmission mode built into Class 1 fax machines
or fax modems. It automatically detects and corrects errors in the fax transmission process that
are sometimes caused by telephone line noise.
Emulation
Emulation is a technique of one machine obtaining the same results as another. An emulator
duplicates the functions of one system with a different system, so that the second system behaves like
the first system. Emulation focuses on exact reproduction of external behavior, which is in contrast
to simulation, which concerns an abstract model of the system being simulated, often considering
its internal state.
Ethernet
Ethernet is a frame-based computer networking technology for local area networks (LANs). It defines
wiring and signaling for the physical layer, and frame formats and protocols for the media access
control (MAC)/data link layer of the OSI model. Ethernet is mostly standardized as IEEE 802.3. It
has become the most widespread LAN technology in use during the 1990s to the present.
EtherTalk
A suite of protocols developed by Apple Computer for computer networking. It was included in the
original Macintosh (1984) and is now deprecated by Apple in favor of TCP/IP networking.
FDI
Foreign Device Interface (FDI) is a card installed inside the machine to allow a third party device
such as a coin operated device or a card reader. Those devices allow the pay-for-print service
on your machine.
FTP
A File Transfer Protocol (FTP) is a commonly used protocol for exchanging files over any network
that supports the TCP/IP protocol (such as the Internet or an intranet).
Fuser Unit
The part of a laser printer that fuses the toner onto the print media. It consists of a heat roller and
a pressure roller. After toner is transferred onto the paper, the fuser unit applies heat and pressure
to ensure that the toner stays on the paper permanently, which is why paper is warm when it comes
out of a laser printer.
Gateway
A connection between computer networks, or between a computer network and a telephone line. It is
very popular, as it is a computer or a network that allows access to another computer or network.
Grayscale
A shades of gray that represent light and dark portions of an image when color images are converted
to grayscale; colors are represented by various shades of gray.
Halftone
An image type that simulates grayscale by varying the number of dots. Highly colored areas consist of
a large number of dots, while lighter areas consist of a smaller number of dots.
HDD
Hard Disk Drive (HDD), commonly referred to as a hard drive or hard disk, is a non-volatile storage
device which stores digitally-encoded data on rapidly rotating platters with magnetic surfaces.
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