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30 | SAMLEX AMERICA INC.

The inverter converts 24V (nominal) dc voltage of the battery to 120V, 60 hz
Ac voltage.

The voltage conversion takes place in two stages. In the first stage, the 24V (nominal)
dc voltage of the battery is converted to high voltage dc (155V to 170V) using high
frequency switching and Pulse width Modulation (PwM) technique. In the second stage,
the high voltage dc is converted to 120V, 60 hz. modified sine-wave Ac.

note: 120V is the RMS value of the Ac voltage. the peak value of the Ac voltage will
be equal to the value of the above high voltage. See Fig. 8.1 below.

The output wave form of the inverter is a modified sine wave (see fig. 8.1 given below).
In a sine wave, the voltage rises and falls smoothly with a smoothly changing phase
angle and also changes its polarity instantly when it crosses 0 Volts. In a modified sine
wave, the voltage rises and falls abruptly, the phase angle also changes abruptly and it
sits at 0 Volts for some time before changing its polarity.

Fig. 8.1: Difference between Sine & Modified Sine Wave Forms.

MeASURinG MoDiFieD Sine-WAVe VoltAGe WitH A VoltMeteR

The modified sine-wave Ac produced by the inverter has an rMS (root Mean Square)
value of 120V. A general purpose Ac voltmeter is designed to accurately measure the
rMS value of a normal sine-wave and not a modified sine-wave. If this voltmeter is used
to read the Ac voltage of a modified sine-wave, it will indicate a lower value (96V to
104V). for accurately measuring the voltage of a modified sine wave, use a voltmeter
which is designed to measure “True rMS values” like fluke 87, fluke 8060A, etc.

seCtIOn 8 |

Principle of Operation

SINE WAVE:

Smoothly increases to its peak

and smoothly decreases. It

crosses 0 Volt immediately.

Has RMS value of 120V

MODIFIED SINE WAVE:

Shoots straight up, levels off at

peak & drops straight down. It

sits at 0 Volt for some time.

Has RMS value of 120V.

0V

+155 to 170V, Peak

170V, Peak

-155 to -170V, Peak

-170V, Peak

(Not to Scale)

1/60 sec

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Содержание PSE-12125A

Страница 1: ...DC AC Inverters PSE 12125A PSE 12175A PSE 12275A Please read this manual before installing your inverter Owner s Manual ...

Страница 2: ...ution Grounding 10 Section 5 Limiting Electromagnetic Interference EMI 14 SECTION 6 General Information on Lead Acid Batteries 15 Section 7 Layout Controls Indications 27 Section 8 Principle of Operation 30 Section 9 Installation 32 Section 10 Operation 39 Section 11 Protections Against Abnormal Conditions 40 Section 12 Troubleshooting Guide 42 Section 13 Specifications 46 Section 14 Warranty 48 ...

Страница 3: ...ounding connection on the inverter to the appropriate grounding system Disassembly repair should be carried out by qualified personnel only Disconnect all AC and DC side connections before working on any circuits associated with the inverter Turning the on off switch on the inverter to off position may not entirely remove dangerous voltages Be careful when touching bare terminals of capacitors Cap...

Страница 4: ... battery always remove the Negative terminal from the battery first Make sure that all the accessories are off so that you do not cause a spark INVERTER SAFETY Preventing Paralleling of the AC Output The AC output of this inverter cannot be synchronised with another AC source and hence it is not suitable for paralleling The AC output of the inverter should never be connected directly to an electri...

Страница 5: ...trical breaker panel load centre Preventing Input Over Voltage It is to be ensured that the input voltage of the inverter does not exceed 16 5 VDC to prevent permanent damage to the inverter Please observe the following precautions Ensure that the maximum charging voltage of the battery charger alternator solar charge controller is below 16 5 VDC Do not use unregulated solar panels to charge a bat...

Страница 6: ...he inverter to be used Inverters are available for use in buildings including homes for recreational vehicles boats and portable applications Will it be connected to the utility grid in some way Electrical conventions and safety standards differ for various applications so don t improvise Electrical Standards The DC input voltage must conform to that of the electrical system and battery bank 12 vo...

Страница 7: ...bility to start a motor A battery bank that is undersized in poor condition or has corroded connec tions can be a weak link in the power chain The inverter cables and the battery interconnect cables must be sized properly The spike of DC current through these cables is many hundreds of amps at the instant of motor starting Please follow the instructions under Installation DC Side Connections on pa...

Страница 8: ...not already have a pump installed you can get a 120 volt pump if you don t need more than 1 2 HP Idle Power Idle power is the consumption of the inverter when it is on but no loads are running It is wasted power so if you expect the inverter to be on for many hours during which there is very little load as in most residential situations you want this to be as low as possible Phantom and Idling Loa...

Страница 9: ...rmally specified for resistive type of loads that have unity 1 Power Factor In a reactive type of load like electric motor driven loads fluorescent lights computers audio video equipment etc the phase of the sine wave form of the current drawn by the load may lead or lag the sine wave form of the AC voltage source In this case the Power Factor of reactive loads is lower than unity 1 generally betw...

Страница 10: ... Neutral conductor in AC wiring and the Negative conductor in many DC systems A grounded system is a system in which one of the current carrying conductors is grounded An equipment grounding conductor is a conductor that does not normally carry current except under fault conditions and is also connected to earth It is used to con nect the exposed metal surfaces of electrical equipment together and...

Страница 11: ...on to the AC power source The plug of the power cord has three pins two flat pins also called poles that are connected to the two current carry ing conductors and a round pin which is connected to a non current carrying conductor this will carry current only during ground fault conditions One flat pin is connected to a black current carrying conductor which is also called Line Live Hot pole The ot...

Страница 12: ...assis of the inverter is connected to the earth ground this White current carrying conductor will not be grounded to the earth ground The white conductor is therefore not a Neutral Do not touch this conductor as it will be at an elevated voltage with respect to the metal chassis earth ground and may produce electrical shock Grounding of PSE 12125A PSE 12175A to earth or to other designated ground ...

Страница 13: ...ed as in the case of PSE 12125A and PSE 12175A i e connect an AWG 8 insulated stranded copper wire from the equipment grounding bolt to the earth ground connection a connection that connects to the ground rod or to the water pipe or to another connection that is solidly bonded to the earth ground The connections must be tight against bare metal Use star washers to penetrate paint and corrosion Whe...

Страница 14: ...l to the power supply like proximity of the inverter to the EMI receptors types and qual ity of connecting wires and cables etc EMI due to factors external to the inverter can be reduced as follows Ensure the inverter is firmly Grounded to the ground system of the building or vehicle Locate the inverter as far away from EMI receptors like radio audio and video devices as possible Keep the DC side ...

Страница 15: ...ry reaches a specified dis charged terminal voltage Also called End Point Voltage at a specified temperature of the electrolyte As a benchmark the automotive battery industry rates batteries at a discharge current or C Rate of C 20 Amperes corresponding to 20 Hour discharge period The rated capacity C in Ah in this case will be the number of Amperes of current the battery can deliver for 20 Hours ...

Страница 16: ...t of stored electrical energy is also called the Capacity of the battery and is designated by the symbol C The time in Hours over which the battery is discharged to the End Point Voltage for purposes of specifying Ah capacity depends upon the type of application Let us denote this discharge time in hours by T Let us denote the discharge current of the battery as the C Rate If the battery delivers ...

Страница 17: ... current at 20 Hour discharge period i e C 20 Amps Charging Discharging Curves Fig 6 1 page 18 shows the charging and discharging characteristics of a typical 12V 24V Lead Acid battery at electrolyte temperature of 80 F 26 7 C The curves show the State of Charge X axis versus terminal voltage Y axis during charging and discharg ing at different C Rates Please note that X axis shows State of Charge...

Страница 18: ...9 5 9 0 C 5 C 40 C 20 C 10 DISCHARGE CHARGE C 20 C 3 C 5 C 10 C 100 33 0 32 0 31 0 30 0 29 0 28 0 27 0 26 0 25 0 24 0 23 0 22 0 21 0 20 0 19 0 18 0 24V 12V Fig 6 1 Charging Discharging Curves for Typical Lead Acid Battery Table 6 3 Battery Capacity versus Rate of Discharge C Rate C Rate Discharge Current Usable Capacity C 20 100 C 10 87 C 8 83 C 6 75 C 5 70 C 3 60 C 2 50 1C 40 Section 6 General In...

Страница 19: ...le 6 4 below shows the State of Charge versus Standing Voltage for a typical 12V 24V battery system at 80 F 26 7ºC Table 6 4 State of Charge versus Standing Voltage Percentage of Full Charge Standing Voltage of Individual Cells Standing Voltage of 12V Battery Standing Voltage of 24V Battery 100 2 105V 12 63V 25 26V 90 2 10V 12 6V 25 20V 80 2 08V 12 5V 25 00V 70 2 05V 12 3V 24 60V 60 2 03V 12 2V 24...

Страница 20: ...urrent increases the battery terminal voltage decreases non linearly The discharge curves in Fig 6 1 page 18 show the State of Charge versus the termi nal voltage of typical battery under different charge discharge currents i e C Rates and fixed temperature of 80 F Please note that the X Axis of the curves shows the of State of Charge The of State of Discharge will be 100 State of Charge Low DC In...

Страница 21: ...tery voltage of 10V 20V is as follows Please note that the X Axis of the curves shows the of State of Charge The of State of Discharge will be 100 State of Charge 85 State of Discharge 15 State of Charge at very high C rate discharge current of C 3 Amps 100 State of Discharge 0 State of Charge at high C Rate discharge current of C 5 Amps 100 discharged 0 State of charge at lower C rate Discharge c...

Страница 22: ...ge of Ah Capacity Cycle Life of Group 27 31 Cycle Life of Group 8D Cycle Life of Group GC2 10 1000 1500 3800 50 320 480 1100 80 200 300 675 100 150 225 550 NOTE It is recommended that the depth of discharge should be limited to 50 Series and Parallel Connection of Batteries Series Connection Fig 6 2 Series Connection When two or more batteries are connected in series their voltages add up but thei...

Страница 23: ...the four Negative terminals of Batteries 1 to 4 are paralleled connected together and this common Negative connection becomes the Negative terminal of the 12V battery bank Series Parallel Connection Fig 6 4 Series Parallel Connection Figure 6 4 above shows a series parallel connection consisting of four 6V 200 AH bat teries to form a 12V 400 Ah battery bank Two 6V 200 Ah batteries Batteries 1 and ...

Страница 24: ...ual batteries will charge discharge at the same charging current and thus will be charged to the same state at the same time None of the batteries will see an overcharge condition Sizing the Inverter Battery Bank One of the most frequently asked questions is how long will the batteries last This question cannot be answered without knowing the size of the battery system and the load on the inverter...

Страница 25: ... 500 Ah and the actual capacity of the 24V battery to deliver 150 Ah will be equal to 150 Ah 0 6 250 Ah And finally the actual desired rated capacity of the batteries is determined based on the fact that normally only 80 of the capacity will be available with respect to the rated capacity due to non availability of ideal and optimum operating and charging conditions So the final requirements will ...

Страница 26: ... also prevent the SLI batteries from charging the auxiliary deep cycle batteries when the engine is not running Battery isolators are available from auto RV marine parts suppliers A majority of smaller vehicles have 40 to 105 Ampere alternator and RVs have 100 to 130 Ampere alternator When in use the alternators heat up and their output current capacity can drop by up to 25 When heated up their ch...

Страница 27: ...oling fan exhaust h DC Input Terminals PSE 12125A PSE 12175A 11mm hole with M 8 set screw PSE 12275A 5 16 Bolt 18 Threads Per Inch TPI i Protective cover for and terminals j Grounding connection PSE 12125A PSE 12175A M 5 Bolt Wing Nut PSE 12275A 8mm hole with M 8 set screw k K1 6P6C Modular Jack for optional Remote Control RC 15 K2 Optional Remote Control RC 15 with 15 ft cable l Ventilation slots...

Страница 28: ...28 SAMLEX AMERICA INC Section 7 Layout Controls Indications Fig 7 2 Layout PSE 12275A FRONT BACK a c d e l m q f n b K1 K2 p g j h Positive RED h Negative BLACK i o ...

Страница 29: ...onnection PSE 12125A PSE 12175A M 5 Bolt Wing Nut PSE 12275A 8mm hole with M 8 set screw k K1 6P6C Modular Jack for optional Remote Control RC 15 K2 Optional Remote Control RC 15 with 15 ft cable l Ventilation slots for air intake m Cover plate for AC Output Pocket PSE 12275A n AC output pocket behind Cover Plate m Inside the pocket 3 AWG 10 7 length each Black White and Green wires are provided f...

Страница 30: ...tly the phase angle also changes abruptly and it sits at 0 Volts for some time before changing its polarity Fig 8 1 Difference between Sine Modified Sine Wave Forms Measuring modified sine wave voltage with a voltmeter The modified sine wave AC produced by the inverter has an RMS Root Mean Square value of 120V A general purpose AC voltmeter is designed to accurately measure the RMS value of a norm...

Страница 31: ...impedance of low frequency filter capacitors Power Factor improvement capacitors NOTE Electric motors and microwaves will run Hotter when operated with modified sine wave Please ensure proper ventilation for adequate cooling Some examples of devices that may not work properly with modified sine wave and may also get damaged are given below The built in clocks in devices such as clock radios alarm ...

Страница 32: ...nly For extracting the full 2750W hardwiring connection should be used Over current protection of the cables from the battery to the inverter has to be provided by the installer The DC input Positive and Negative terminals are isolated from the chassis Similarly the Neutral pole of the AC receptacles the Neutral wire is not bonded to the chas sis System grounding to suit the national local electri...

Страница 33: ...hould be taken to prevent contact with skin eyes or clothing Batteries generate Hydrogen and Oxygen during charging resulting in evolution of explosive gas mixture Care should be taken to ventilate the battery area and follow the battery manufacturer s recommendations Never smoke or allow a spark or flame near the batteries Use caution to reduce the risk of dropping a metal tool on the battery It ...

Страница 34: ...d shorter con ductors are desirable The size thickness cross section of the conductors is designated by AWG American Wire Gauge or in mm2 The DC input circuit is required to handle very large DC currents and hence the size of the cables and connectors should be selected to ensure minimum voltage drop between the battery and the inverter Thinner cables and loose connections will result in poor inve...

Страница 35: ... screw h Fig 7 1 A suitable pin type of copper terminal should therefore be used on the cable end A pair of pin type terminals has been provided Crimp these terminals on the inverter end of the cables Do not insert the stranded bare end of the cable directly into the tubular hole as the set screw will not pinch all the strands and will thus make only a partial and loose contact For thicker cables ...

Страница 36: ...itch may also be used e g Samlex America Model STS 30 To prevent possibility of paralleling and severe damage to the inverter never use a simple jumper cable with a male plug on both ends to connect the AC output of the inverter to a handy wall receptacle in the home RV Connecting to Multi Wire Branch Circuits Do not directly connect the Hot side of the 120 VAC of the inverter model to the two Hot...

Страница 37: ...provided This plate with the receptacle and breaker fits in the pocket through which the output conductors exit the inverter n Fig 7 2 The NEMA5 15R receptacle can be connected to the three output conductors if the AC power output is required to be drawn from the front panel of the inverter Use the insulated wire nuts Marette butt splices provided to splice the wires Please note that the NEMA 5 15...

Страница 38: ...istribution and Grounding on page 10 In case of hard wiring of the PSE 12275A to a building s service entrance electrical breaker panel load center proper grounding and bonding have to be under taken as per the applicable national local electrical codes In such cases the electrical installation should be undertaken by a qualified electrician When the AC output is fed through NEMA5 15R outlet conne...

Страница 39: ...disconnect the DC and AC sides before working on any circuits connected to the inverter When the inverter is switched ON the colored 10 level LED Bar Graph for DC input voltage d Fig 7 1 or 7 2 will be lighted and the voltage at the input terminals will be indicated It should read between 12 to 13 volts if the batteries are fully charged Switch ON the AC load s The colored 10 level LED Bar Graph f...

Страница 40: ... the inverter or on the optional Remote Control RC 15 is turned on all the circuitry inside the inverter becomes alive and the AC output is made available In this condition even when no load is being supplied or if a load is connect ed but has been switched OFF the inverter draws a small amount of current from the batteries to keep the circuitry alive and ready to deliver the required power on dem...

Страница 41: ...the inverter If the DC side fuses are blown the inverter will be dead There will be no indication of any voltage on the colored LED Bar Graph voltage indicator and also there will be no AC output The fuses should be replaced with the correct size of fuses shown under specifications If the unit does not work after replacing the external and internal fuses it has been permanently damaged Please call...

Страница 42: ...se is intact Replace if blown 3 Check that all connections in the battery input circuit are tight Possible Cause 2 Input voltage of 10 5V is available at the DC input terminals Polarity of the DC input voltage has been reversed that has blown the internal DC side fuses Remedy Correct the polarity of the input connections and replace the internal fuses Note Reverse polarity may cause permanent dama...

Страница 43: ...ailable Possible Cause Low input voltage at the inverter terminals and the load is close to the maximum allowable power Remedy 1 Check that the battery is fully charged Recharge if low 2 Check that the battery cables are thick enough to carry the required current over the required length Use thicker cables if required 3 Tighten connections of the battery input circuit SYMPTOM Buzzer alarm is sound...

Страница 44: ...The AC output drops momentarily and rises to normal automatically Red Overload LED c Fig 7 1 or 7 2 is not lighted might happen during starting of certain loads Possible Cause Temporary drop in AC output voltage due to surge power overload within the Surge Power Rating of the inverter SYMPTOM The AC output shuts down completely The Red Overload LED c Fig 7 1 or 7 2 is lighted Possible Cause Perman...

Страница 45: ...an fan control circuit may be defective Call Technical Support 2 If the fan is working check that the ventilation slots on the suction side l Fig 7 1 or 7 2 and the openings on the discharge side of the fan g Fig 7 1 or 7 2 are not obstructed 3 If the fan is working and the openings are not obstructed check that enough cool replacement air is available Also check that the ambient air temperature i...

Страница 46: ...DC INPUT CURRENT AMPS AND ASSOCIATED OUTPUT POWER WATTS Colored 10 Level LED Bar Graph OVER TEMPERATURE Red LED Buzzer Alarm OVERLOAD Red LED Red LED Red LED LOW DC INPUT VOLTAGE Buzzer Alarm Buzzer Alarm Buzzer Alarm Protections COOLING Temperature Controlled Fan OVER LOAD SHORT CIRCUIT Shutdown if output power Continuous Surge Ratings Manual Reset Switch OFF wait for 3 min and Switch ON OVER TEM...

Страница 47: ... front panel outlet REMOTE CONTROL CONNECTION 6P6C Modular Jack REMOTE CONTROL OPTIONAL Wired Remote Control with 15 ft cable Model RC 15 ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS OPERATING TEMPERATURE 0 C to 40 C 32 F to 104 F STORAGE TEMPERATURE 10 C to 65 C 14 F to 149 F HUMIDITY 85 RH Non Condensing General DIMENSIONS W X D X H MM DIMENSIONS W X D X H INCHES 240 x 335 x 85 9 45 x 13 19 x 3 35 240 x 455 x 85 9 ...

Страница 48: ...after having a reasonable number of opportunities to do so Warranty service shall be performed only by the Warrantor Any attempt to remedy the defect by anyone other than the Warrantor shall render this warranty void There shall be no warranty for defects or damages caused by faulty installation or hook up abuse or misuse of the equipment including exposure to excessive heat salt or fresh water sp...

Страница 49: ...SAMLEX AMERICA INC 49 NOTES ...

Страница 50: ...50 SAMLEX AMERICA INC NOTES ...

Страница 51: ...SAMLEX AMERICA INC 51 NOTES ...

Страница 52: ...885 Fax 888 814 5210 Local Numbers Ph 604 525 3836 Fax 604 525 5221 Website www samlexamerica com USA Shipping Warehouse Kent WA Canadian Shipping Warehouse Delta BC Email purchase orders to orders samlexamerica com 11001 PSE 12125A 12175A 12275A 0414 ...

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