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Guide to Dynamic Balancing V1.09
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Introduction
A rotating mass such as an engine crank, propeller, propeller extension, or
starter ring will always have small imbalances and tolerance variations. Those
variations, upon assembly, may cause eccentricity in the mass of the rotating
components, which generates vibration in the engine and airframe. In most
cases, those mass eccentricities are designed to cancel and provide a smooth
operation.
Vibration can cause damage throughout the aircraft, including; the crank
bearings, engine mounts, firewall, instrument panel, etc. Vibration causes
accelerated wear and fatigue on equipment and passengers. The negative
effects of vibration can be reduced by dynamically balancing the aircraft’s
rotating assembly, balancing the crank, prop extension, propeller, spinner, all
as one unit.
Dynamic balancing is accomplished by attaching a sensor to the unbalanced
equipment. By using a device to monitor the speed and position of the
rotating mass (propeller - crank) the dynamic balancer is capable of
determining the vibration caused by the unbalanced assembly. Corrections to
the assembly can then reduce the vibration.
While not all vibration can be eliminated, any reduction in vibration will
reduce fatigue and damage. Some vibration from engine combustion, gear
reductions, and accessories will not be affected by dynamic balancing.
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