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6. Maintenance
Regular service and maintenance prolongs the life-span of your de-
vice and enables an undisturbed user experience.
The staff responsible for maintaining and cleaning the device must
be trained to do so. Never let unable people handle the device in any
way at all.
6.1. Instructions about maintenance
If you hire a specialised company to maintain the device, please get
a conformation from them.
Any damage done to the device due to inappropriate maintenance or
not maintaining the device at all do not carry warranty.
Fixing issues that can be fixed by the user himself do not carry war-
ranty either but fall into the normal maintenance of this device.
6.2. Precautions
Before cleaning, oiling or servicing the device follow these instruc-
tions:
• Turn off the motor. The motor must be at rest.
• Use appropriate measures to keep the motor from starting up
again.
• The motor and all of its add-on parts must have cooled down
to the surrounding temperature.
Pay attention while working in close proximity to moving parts and
parts that might be hot.
6.3. Starter battery
If you are using a battery that needs to be maintained, make sure
to regularly check the state of the connectors and the water level. If
necessary fill distilled water up to the maximum mark.
After a long storage period the loading condition of the battery must
be checked before putting the device into operation. Weak batteries
must not be used.
6.4. Cleaning the crankcase
Clean the engine block from the outside with compressed-air or with
suitable detergents.
Electric parts (clamps, electric starter, etc.) must not be cleaned with
compressed-air or any liquid cleaners. This could lead to a short or
other disruptions.
It is extremely important to have free air ventilation in order to cool
the motor down. Therefore you must clean the bars and ribs of the air
vents immediately, even if they’re only slightly dirty.
6.5 Upkeep
Engines are technologically complex mechanisms with many mo-
ving parts. There parts are subjected to strong mechanical, thermal
and chemical forces because of the environment and the combusti-
on process. Choosing the correct fuel and oil as well as thoroughly
servicing and maintaining the device significantly prolongs the life-
span of your device. Small mistakes can cause huge problems –
even break the device entirely.
Here you will find instructions how to properly identify and maybe
even correct some disruptions. However, some difficulties can only
be handled by trained staff or professionals. If you have a problem
go over this list point by point – often the problem is small and easily
solved.
A gasoline engine needs 5 things to work:
➽
OIL
➽
IGNITION
➽
GASOLINE
➽
AIR
➽
CORRECT TIMING
You should check in this order to find the cause of a possible pro-
blem.
6.5.1 Changing the engine oil
Always check the oil level before starting up! There are marks on the
dipstick marking the minimum and maximum – when the device is
set up on an even surface the oil level should be between these two
marks.
Do not overfill! Too much oil can cause damage and must be drained.
Oil is the most important resource of the motor. Stick to the mainte-
nance intervals and its schedule!
Put a suitable container under the drain screw, open the drain-screw
and drain the motor oil. Always change the motor oil while it is warm!
Normally, the oil should be black because of the combustion residue
of the motor. There should be no foreign substances, white colouring
(water in the oil) or foaming visible.
The spent oil taken from the motor has to be brought to a collecting
point for toxic waste!
Close the drain screw after draining.
Fill new oil into the motor, make sure to use the correct one (see
5.4.1.).
After changing the oil, start up the engine and let it run for 5 minutes.
Then check the oil filter and the drain-screw for any leaks. Check the
oil level again and refill oil if necessary.
If the oil level increased from one check to the other do NOT start the
machine. Fuel or water might have gotten into the motor oil – this can
damage your device. In those cases drain the oil completely and try to
identify pollutants such as water or fuel (check the smell, maybe try
to set small amounts on fire, see whether water separates from the
oil). Find out why there is leakage into your oil and fix it. Wash out the
crankcase with fresh oil and change the oil.
6.5.2. Check the ignition (spark)
Pull the spark plug connector from the spark plug. Remove the
spark plug using a spark plug socket.
• Inspect the state of the electrodes as well as the distance bet-
ween the electrodes according to the chart below. The spark
plug should be coloured somewhere in between grayish-white
and yellowish-gray. There should be no residue such as carbon
or soot visible.
• Clean the spark plug with a delicate wire brush and establish
the suitable distance between the electrodes (this works best
by gently tapping the diodes with the back of the wire brush).
The colour of the residue (the appearance of the spark plug) is very
informative about the state of the motor. Check the appearance accor-
ding to the following diagrams to find the cause of a problem.
If necessary replace the spark plug according to the type mentioned
in the chart.
• Place the spark plug into the spark plug connector and hold the
ground electrode against the crankcase while the ignition is on.
• Turn on the main switch (ignition break, ignition lock) and
quickly pull the hand start. There should be sparks visible bet-
ween the electrodes of the spark plug. If there are no sparks
visible also exchange the spark plug and repeat the process.
