MTZ 1220.1/1220.3
Section D. Construction and Operation
D36
The driving gear (36) of the final drive is mounted in the carriage (29) on two taper roller
bearings. The tightness in the bearings is adjusted by means of adjusting washers (30), after which
they are tightened by means of the nut (33). The driven gear (19) is fitted on the splines and cen-
tring spigot of the differential casing (18) and locked against axial displacement by means of the
nut (20).
The final drive mesh is adjusted by means of the adjusting shims (28), (15) placed between
the flange of the driving gear carriage and FDA casing as well as between the left- and right-hand
housings and FDA casing, respectively. Before adjusting the mesh, the differential bearings shall
be adjusted by means of the shims (15).
The left-hand (14) and right-hand (22) housings connected with the FDA casing (21) by means
of bolts form the front axle beam. The FDA casing is provided with a breather (17) maintaining the
normal pressure in the cavity of the axle and final drive beam.
The axle beam is filled with oil to the lower edge of the filling opening through the plugs (41) in-
stalled in the housings (14) and (22). To drain oil from the axle beam, screw out the draining plug
(26) located in the FDA casing. Oil shall be fed through the opening in one of housings until the
lubricant in another housing reach the lower edge of the filling opening. The FDA shall be filled with
oil on a horizontal surface.
The FDA casing (21) is connected with the beam by means of the pivot (24), on which the
axle with the wheels can swing in the cross plane while deflecting to the angles limited by the stops
of the ribs in the housings (14) and (22) when they contact the tractor beam. The pivot is locked
against axial displacement by means of the washer (23). The pivot is greased through the lubrica-
tor (42).
The opening for the plug (25) serves for checking the adjustment of the final drive mesh.
Oil leakage from the cavity of the final drive and axle beam is prevented by using the collars
and rubber rings placed in the fixtures, housings and driving gear carrier.
To prevent the oil upthrust upstream the collar of the driving gear, the latter’s splined end is
fitted with the wiper ring (31) with spiral groves cut over the outer diameter of the ring. A slide bear-
ing with crossed grooves is mounted in the fixture (12).
The housing (21) of the front driving axle is connected with the beam by two hollow axes
(24), on which the axle with the wheels can swing in the diametral plane being deviated by angles
limited by rib stop in the arms (14) and (22) in case of their contact with tractor beam. Axes are li-
mited against axial displacement by plates.
Differential
The differential is self-locking, with increased friction. The casing (1) and cover (7) of the
differential bolted together contain the two pairs of satellites (6) on floating pins (5), axle-shaft
gears (8), pressure cups (4) as well as driving (2) and driven (3) friction disks.
The self-locking differential connects automatically both the axle shafts and excludes separate
skidding of the wheels that increases the tractive force of the front wheels. The locking takes place
when the front axle is engaged. At that moment, the satellite shafts turn under load and move over
the bevel slots in the casing and cover of the differential, respectively, by the value of the clear-
ances between the friction disks. From the pins, the force is transmitted to the satellites which, in
turn, transmit it through their beads to the cups, and the latter press the friction disks against one
another until they rest against the walls of the casing and cover of the differential. The driving
plates having the outer teeth are in mesh with the teeth of the casing and cover of the differential
and the driven plates (through their inner teeth) – with the axle shaft gears. The friction force of the
pressed together disks unites the axle-shaft gears and casing with the cover of the differential into
a whole while locking in such a way the differential.
When the front axle is engaged and the external forces exceed the friction forces in the friction
disks during the turning of the tractor, the friction disks will skid.
The differential is installed in the two taper roller bearings in the housings of the front axle
beam. The bearings of the differential are adjusted by means of the shims 15 (see Figure “FDA”).
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