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Glossary
601. An international standard (ITU-R BT.601) for component digital television. It defines
the sampling systems, matrix values, and filter characteristics for digital television.
8 VSB. Vestigial sideband modulation with 8 discrete amplitude levels.
16 VSB. Vestigial sideband modulation with 16 discrete amplitude levels.
Advanced Television Systems Committee (ATSC). The parent organization that
developed, tested and described the form and function of the US digital television formats.
AES/EBU. A digital audio standard established jointly by the Audio Engineering Society
(AES) and the European Broadcasting Union (EBU).
Anchor Element. The perceptual loudness reference point or element around which other
elements are balanced in producing the final mix of the content, or that a reasonable viewer
would focus on when setting the volume control.
Artifacts. Unwanted visible effects in the picture created by disturbances in the
transmission or image processing, such as edge crawl or “hanging dots” in analog pictures,
or “pixilation” in digital pictures.
Aspect Ratio. The ratio of horizontal to vertical dimensions. A square has an aspect of 1:1
since the horizontal and vertical measurements are always equal. Current television screen
aspect ratios are 4:3 and 16:9.
Asynchronous Serial Interface (ASI). A transmission method adopted by the DVB, and
called DVB-ASI. The transmission method allows for the transport of varying data payloads
in a constant data stream. The DVB-ASI transport stream rate is 270 Mb/s.
Audio Breakaway. Routing video and accompanying audio in separate signal paths.
Audio-Follow. Routing video and accompanying audio together in the same signal path.
Auto Trans. Automatic transition; the execution of a single wipe or fade from current
picture to another picture by way of an automatic device.
Bandwidth. The range of frequencies used to transmit information such as picture and
sound.
Baseband Video. An unmodulated video signal.
Black. Also color black, blackburst. A composite color video signal that has the composite
sync, reference burst, and a black video signal.