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Casio fx-7400G PLUS Скачать руководство пользователя страница 139

Programming

1. Before Programming
2. Programming Examples
3. Debugging a Program
4. Calculating the Number of Bytes Used by a Program
5. Secret Function
6. Searching for a File
7. Editing Program Contents
8. Deleting a Program
9. Useful Program Commands

10. Command Reference
11. Text Display
12. Using Calculator Functions in Programs

Chapter

8

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Содержание fx-7400G PLUS

Страница 1: ...d in China fx 7400G PLUS User s Guide CASIO COMPUTER CO LTD 6 2 Hon machi 1 chome Shibuya ku Tokyo 151 8543 Japan E fx 7400G PLUS English Cover Black fx 7400G PLUS User s Guide E http world casio com edu_e RCA500487 1 ...

Страница 2: ...r Rmdr _Rmdr_ Whle WhileEnd Σx2 Σx2 Med Med Med STAT Do Do xσn xσn X 2 Quad x x Lp W LpWhile_ y y CTL xσn 1 xσn 1 Log Log Prog Prog_ minX minX Exp Exp PROB Rtrn Return maxX maxX Pwr Power Bar Bar Line LineG Both Both X Brk Break Y LIST nPr P Stop Stop p p List1 List1 nCr C Σy Σy List2 List2 Ran Ran JUMP Σy2 Σy2 List3 List3 NUM Lbl Lbl_ Σxy Σxy List4 List4 Abs Abs_ Goto Goto_ yσn yσn List5 List5 In...

Страница 3: ...y attach the case to the calculator and then turn the calculator over Remove the back cover from the unit by pulling with your finger at the point marked 2 Load the two batteries that come with calculator Make sure that the positive and negative ends of the batteries are facing correctly 3 Remove the insulating sheet at the location marked BACK UP by pulling in the direction indicated by the arrow...

Страница 4: ...to perform memory reset 6 Use the cursor keys f c d e to select the CONT icon and press w or simply press i to display the contrast adjustment screen 7 Press d to make the figure on the screen lighter or e to make them darker 8 After getting the contrast the way you want it press m to return to the main menu ii P button ...

Страница 5: ...dipped in a solution of water and a neutral detergent and wrung out In no event will the manufacturer and its suppliers be liable to you or any other person for any damages expenses lost profits lost savings or any other damages arising out of loss of data and or formulas arising out of malfunction repairs or battery replacement The user should prepare physical records of data to protect against s...

Страница 6: ...ithout the express written consent of the manufacturer The options described in Chapter 9 of this manual may not be available in certain geographic areas For full details on availability in your area contact your nearest CASIO dealer or distributor iv Be sure to keep physical records of all important data The large memory capacity of the unit makes it possible to store large amounts of data You sh...

Страница 7: ... fx 7400G PLUS ...

Страница 8: ...blems 12 Get the Calculator Back to its Original Mode Settings 12 Low Battery Message 12 Chapter 2 Basic Calculations 13 1 Addition and Subtraction 14 2 Multiplication 14 3 Division 14 4 Quotient and Remainder Division 15 5 Mixed Calculations 16 1 Mixed Arithmetic Calculation Priority Sequence 16 2 Parentheses Calculation Priority Sequence 17 3 Negative Values 17 4 Exponential Expressions 17 5 Rou...

Страница 9: ...2 5 Permutation and Combination 33 6 Other Things to Remember 33 Multiplication Sign 33 Calculation Priority Sequence 34 Using Multistatements 34 Stacks 35 Errors 36 How to Calculate Memory Usage 36 Memory Status MEM 37 Clearing Memory Contents 37 Variable Data VARS Menu 38 Chapter 3 Differential Calculations 43 Chapter 4 Graphing 47 1 Before Trying to Draw a Graph 48 Entering the Graph Mode 48 2 ...

Страница 10: ...king 80 1 List Operations 81 2 Editing and Rearranging Lists 82 Editing List Values 82 Sorting List Values 85 3 Manipulating List Data 87 Accessing the List Data Manipulation Function Menu 87 4 Arithmetic Calculations Using Lists 91 Error Messages 91 Inputting a List into a Calculation 91 Recalling List Contents 93 Graphing a Function Using a List 93 Inputting Scientific Calculations into a List 9...

Страница 11: ...t 109 Stacked Bar Chart 110 Bar Graph 111 Line Graph 112 Bar Graph and Line Graph 113 4 Calculating and Graphing Paired Variable Statistical Data 114 Linear Regression Graph 114 Med Med Graph 115 Quadratic Regression Graph 115 Logarithmic Regression Graph 116 Exponential Regression Graph 116 Power Regression Graph 117 Displaying Paired Variable Statistical Results 118 Copying a Regression Graph Fo...

Страница 12: ...SP 153 Input Output Commands I O 154 Conditional Jump Relational Operators REL 155 11 Text Display 156 12 Using Calculator Functions in Programs 156 Using Graph Functions in a Program 156 Using Table Graph Functions in a Program 157 Using List Sort Functions in a Program 158 Using Statistical Calculations and Graphs in a Program 158 Performing Statistical Calculations 160 Chapter 9 Data Communicat...

Страница 13: ... t Test Value 180 4 Circle and Tangents 182 5 Rotating a Figure 189 Appendix 193 Appendix A Resetting the Calculator 194 Appendix B Power Supply 196 Replacing Batteries 196 About the Auto Power Off Function 199 Appendix C Error Message Table 200 Appendix D Input Ranges 202 Appendix E Specifications 204 ...

Страница 14: ...xii Contents ...

Страница 15: ...Getting Acquainted Read This First 1 Chapter Important notes Notes Reference pages The symbols in this manual indicate the following messages P 000 ...

Страница 16: ...nd paired variable regression sta tistical calculations and to draw statistical graphs Use this mode for storing and editing numeric data Use this mode to store graph functions and to draw graphs using the functions Use this mode to store functions to generate a numeric table of different solutions as the values assigned to variables in a function change and to draw graphs Use this mode to store p...

Страница 17: ...also enter a mode without highlighting an icon in the Main Menu by inputting the number marked in the lower right corner of the icon When you enter a mode up to four function key menu items appear at the bottom of the display Each menu item corresponds to the function key 1 2 3 4 that is below the item Some function menus have multiple pages When this happens you should press to advance to the nex...

Страница 18: ...pha Lock Normally once you press a and then a key to input an alphabetic char acter the keyboard reverts to its primary functions immediately If you press and then a the keyboard locks in alpha input until you press a again 2 Key Table ...

Страница 19: ... Chapter 1 Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page Page 6 6 45 23 24 31 15 31 31 31 31 23 38 139 31 31 31 31 17 31 2 7 16 30 17 30 82 30 21 60 17 30 17 18 14 60 14 82 20 21 16 60 14 82 Trace Zoom Sketch V Window ...

Страница 20: ...ings Color Key Operation Orange Press and then the key to perform the marked function Red Pressa and then the key to perform the marked function 4 Selecting Modes k k k k k Using the Set Up Screen The first thing that appears when you enter a mode is the mode s set up screen which shows the current status of settings for the mode The following procedure shows how to change a set up u u u u uTo cha...

Страница 21: ...eturn to the initial screen of the mode k k k k k Set Up Screen Function Key Menus This section details the settings you can make using the function keys in the set up display u u u u uGraph Function Type F Type 1 Y Rectangular coordinate graphs 2 Parm Parametric coordinate graphs 1 Y y f x inequality graph 2 Y y f x inequality graph 3 Y y f x inequality graph 4 Y y f x inequality graph Press to r...

Страница 22: ...u u uGraph Function Display G Func 1 On Turns on display of function during graph drawing and trace 2 Off Turns off display of function during graph drawing and trace u u u u uSimultaneous Graph Mode Simul G 1 On Turns on simultaneous graphing of all functions in memory 2 Off Simultaneous graphing off graphs drawn one by one u u u u uTable Graph Generation Settings Var 1 RANG Table generation and ...

Страница 23: ...xt display and a graphic display The text display can show 13 columns and six lines of characters with the bottom line used for the function key menu while the graph display uses an area that measures 79 W 47 H dots Text Display Graph Display k k k k k About Menu Item Types This calculator uses certain conventions to indicate the type of result you can expect when you press a function key Next Men...

Страница 24: ... time you perform the above operation There is no display indicator to show you which expo nential display range is currently in effect but you can always check it by seeing what results the following calculation produces Ab caaw Norm 1 Norm 2 All of the examples in this manual show calculation results using Norm 1 For full details about the Display see Selecting Value Display Modes u u u u uHow t...

Страница 25: ... Screen Whenever the calculator is busy drawing a graph or executing a long complex calcu lation or program a black box k flashes in the upper right corner of the display This black box tells you that the calculator is performing an internal operation 6 Contrast Adjustment Adjust the contrast whenever objects on the display appear dim or difficult to see u u u u uTo display the contrast adjustment...

Страница 26: ...e exponential display range Norm 1 or Norm 2 that you want to use 5 Now enter the correct mode and perform your calculation again monitoring the results on the display k k k k k Low Battery Message The low battery message appears while the main battery power is below a certain level whenever you press o to turn power on or m to display the Main Menu o or m About 3 seconds later If you continue usi...

Страница 27: ... as well as calculations in volving scientific functions 1 Addition and Subtraction 2 Multiplication 3 Division 4 Quotient and Remainder Division 5 Mixed Calculations 6 Other Useful Calculation Features 7 Using Variables 8 Fraction Calculations 9 Selecting Value Display Modes 10 Scientific Function Calculations Chapter 2 ...

Страница 28: ...braic logic Be sure to press A to clear the display before starting a new calculation 2 Multiplication Example 3 71 4 27 Ad hb e chw The range of this calculator is 9 99999999 1099 to 9 99999999 1099 3 Division Example 64 4 Age ew Parentheses also come in handy when performing division For full details on using parentheses see Parentheses Calculation Priority Sequence P 17 ...

Страница 29: ...n produce either the quotient or the quotient and remainder of division operations involving two integers Use K to display the Option Menu for the function key menu you need to perform quotient and remainder division Operation Use the RUN Mode for quotient and remainder division Quotient Division integer K2 CALC 2 Int integer w Reminder Division integer K2 CALC 3 Rmdr integer w u u u u uTo perform...

Страница 30: ...ient calculations Remember that you can use only integers in remainder division operations You cannot use expressions such as 2 or sin60 because their results have a decimal part Quotient and remainder division can also be used with lists to divide a multiple integers by each other in a single operation 5 Mixed Calculations 1 Mixed Arithmetic Calculation Priority Sequence For mixed arithmetic calc...

Страница 31: ...w Any closing parentheses at the end of a calculation can be omitted no matter how many there are Parentheses are always closed in the operation examples presented in this manual 3 Negative Values Use the key to input negative values Example 56 12 2 5 Afg bc c fw 4 Exponential Expressions Use the E key to input exponents Example 4 5 1075 2 3 10 79 Ae fEhf c d E hjw The above shows what would appea...

Страница 32: ...the Answer Memory which means you can recall the results of the last calculation you performed at any time u u u u uTo recall Answer Memory contents Press and then K which is the shifted function of the key This operation is represented as K throughout this manual Example To perform 3 56 8 41 and then divide 65 38 by the result Ad fg i ebw gf di Kw 2 Consecutive Calculations If the result of the l...

Страница 33: ... e to move it right and d to move it left u u u u uTo use Replay to change an expression Example To calculate 4 12 6 4 and then change the calculation to 4 12 7 1 Ae bc g ew d dddh bw Multi Replay Pressing A and then f or c sequentially recalls and displays past calculations 4 Error Recovery Whenever an error message appears on the display press d or e to re display the expression with the cursor ...

Страница 34: ... change and then perform one of the operations described below After you edit the calculation you can execute it by pressing w or use e to move to the end of the calculation and input more u u u u uTo change a step Example To change cos60 to sin60 cga ddd s u u u u uTo delete a step Example To change 369 2 to 369 2 dgj c ddD u u u u uTo insert a step Example To change 2 362 to sin2 362 c dgx ...

Страница 35: ... through Z are available for assignment of numeric values Variable contents are retained even when you turn the calculator off Note that when you assign a value to a variable the calculator assigns its 15 digit internal value u u u u uTo assign a value to a variable Operation value or expression aa variable name A to Z Example 1 To assign 1024 to variable A AbaceaaAw Example 2 To display the conte...

Страница 36: ...mple To assign the result of 2 to variables A B C D and E A 9caaAa3 aEw u u u u uTo clear the contents of all variables In the Main Menu select the MEM icon and press w Select Memory Usage w Press c to scroll the display until Alpha is highlighted ccccccc 1 DEL Press 1 YES to clear all variables or 4 NO to abort the clear operation without clearing anything 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 ...

Страница 37: ...per Fraction or Improper Fraction Input numerator value denominator value Mixed Fraction Input integer value numerator value denominator value Example To input 3 Press d b e Note that the maximum size of a fractional value is 10 digits counting the integer numerator and denominator digits and separator symbols Any value longer than 10 digits is automatically converted to its equivalent decimal val...

Страница 38: ...ample to an improper fraction and then back to a proper fraction The calculator automatically reduces the results of fraction calculations You can use the procedure described under Changing the Fraction Simplification Mode below to specify manual fraction simplification u u u u uTo perform a mixed decimal and fraction calculation Example 5 2 Af c b fw The result of a calculation that mixes fractio...

Страница 39: ...ion Menu to simplify fractions You can let the calculator select the divisor to use for simplification or you can specify a divisor u u u u uTo simplify using the calculator s divisor Operation Perform calculations after selecting the RUN icon in the Main Menu to enter the RUN Mode To display the simplification menu K2 CALC To select automatic simplification 1 Simp w To specify the divisor for sim...

Страница 40: ...n 1 Simp w Try once again 1 Simp w This display indicates that further simplification is impossible u u u u uTo simplify using your own divisor Example To perform the above calculation and then specify 9 as the divisor to use for simplification 1 Simp jw If the value you specify is invalid as a divisor for simplification the calculator automatically uses the lowest possible divisor 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4...

Страница 41: ...use the f and c keys to highlight Display u u u u u To specify the number of decimal places Fix 1 While the set up screen is on the display press 1 Fix 2 Press the function key that corresponds to the number of decimal places you want to set 0 to 9 Press to display the next menu of numbers Example To specify two decimal places 1 Fix 3 2 Press the function key that corresponds to the number of deci...

Страница 42: ...change the Norm Mode setting u u u u u To specify the exponential display range Norm 1 Norm 2 Press 3 Norm to switch between Norm 1 and Norm 2 Norm 1 10 2 0 01 x x 1010 Norm 2 10 9 0 000000001 x x 1010 10 Scientific Function Calculations Use the RUN Mode to perform calculations that involve trigonometric functions and other types of scientific functions 1 Trigonometric Functions Before performing ...

Страница 43: ...e set up screen to find out what the current angle unit setting is k k k k k Converting Between Angle Units You can use the following procedure to input a value using an angle unit that is not the current default angle unit Then when you press w the value will be converted to the default angle unit u u u u uTo convert between angle units Example To convert 4 25 radians to degrees while degrees are...

Страница 44: ...c2 Rad Q b c 7 d w Result 2 Example 3 tan 35grad Default angle unit Grads Zcc3 Gra Q t dfw Result 0 6128007881 2 Logarithmic and Exponential Function Calculations A base 10 logarithm common logarithm is normally written as log10 or log A base e logarithm natural logarithm is normally written as loge or ln Note that certain publications use log to refer to base e logarithms so you must take care to...

Страница 45: ...43652 Example 4 To calculate the anti logarithm of natural logarithm 4 5 e4 5 ee fw Result 90 0171313 Example 5 3 4 3 3 3 3 d Mew Result 81 Example 6 7 123 h qbcdw Result 1 988647795 3 Other Functions Example Operation Display 3 65028154 92 95w 3 65028154 2 5 3 2 3 3 9 3 xw 9 32 3 3 9 3xw 9 3 X 4 X Xw 12 8 1 2 3 8 40320 8K4 PROB 1 x w 40320 3 42 36 42 49 w 42 36 42 49 Random number generation K4 P...

Страница 46: ... 1 NUM 1 Intg not exceeding 3 5 3 5w 4 When a Fix number of decimal places or Sci number of significant digits is in effect Rnd rounds the value used for internal calculations in accordance with the current Fix or Sci specification In effect this makes the internal value match the displayed value 4 Coordinate Conversion u u u u u Rectangular Coordinates u u u u u Polar Coordinates With polar coord...

Страница 47: ...e To calculate the possible number of different combinations of 4 items selected from 10 items Formula Operation Display 10C4 210 10K4 PROB 3 nCr 4w 210 6 Other Things to Remember k k k k k Multiplication Sign You can leave out the multiplication sign in any of the following cases In front of the following scientific functions sin cos tan sin 1 cos 1 tan 1 log In 10x ex 3 Pol x y Rec r θ d dx Seq ...

Страница 48: ...s x 4 Fraction input ab c 5 Multiplication operations where the multiplication sign before π or a variable is omitted 2π 5A 3sinx etc 6 Type B functions function followed by value input 3 log In ex 10x sin cos tan sin 1 cos 1 tan 1 Dim Sum 7 Multiplication operations where the multiplication sign before a scientific function is omitted 2 3 Alog2 etc 8 Permutation nPr combination nCr 9 Multiplicati...

Страница 49: ...revious statement Example 123 456 5 Invalid k k k k k Stacks When the calculator performs a calculation it temporarily stores certain information in memory areas called a stacks where it can later recall the information when it is necessary There are actually two stacks a 10 level numeric stack and a 26 level command stack The following example shows how data is stored in the stacks A calculation ...

Страница 50: ...legal statistical operation Stk ERROR Stack Error The calculation being performed caused the capacity of one of the stacks to be exceeded Syn ERROR Syntax Error An attempt to use an illegal syntax Arg ERROR Argument Error An attempt to use an illegal argument with a scientific function Dim ERROR Dimension Error An attempt to perform an operation with two or more lists when the dimensions of the li...

Страница 51: ...ed for storage of each type of data The following table shows all of the data types that appear on the memory status screen Data type Meaning Program Program data Stat Statistical calculations and graphs List List data Y Graph functions Draw Graph drawing conditions View Window enlargement reduction factor graph screen V Win View Window memory data Table Table Graph data Alpha Alpha memory data k ...

Страница 52: ...s Table Graph table range and table contents To recall variable data press J to display the variable data menu J 1 V WIN View Window values 2 FACT x and y axis enlargement reduction factor 1 STAT Single paired variable statistical data 2 GRPH Graph functions stored in the GRAPH Mode 3 TABL Table Graph function table range and table contents Press to return to the previous menu u u u u uTo recall V...

Страница 53: ...T while the variable data menu is on the screen displays an enlargement reduction factor menu 2 FACT 1 Xfct x axis enlargement reduction factor 2 Yfct y axis enlargement reduction factor u u u u uTo recall single paired variable statistical data Pressing and then 1 STAT while the variable data menu is on the screen displays a statistical data menu 1 STAT 1 X Single paired variable x data menu 2 Y ...

Страница 54: ...minX x data minimum value 4 maxX x data maximum value Press to return to the previous menu The following menu appears whenever you press 2 Y while the statistical data menu is on the display 2 Y 1 p Mean of y data 2 Σy Sum of y data 3 Σy2 y data sum of squares 4 Σxy x data and y data sum of products 1 yσn y data population standard deviation 2 yσn 1 y data sample standard deviation 3 minY y data m...

Страница 55: ...f input data 3 Q3 Third quartile 4 Mod Mode of input data Press to return to the previous menu The following menu appears whenever you press 4 PTS while the statistical data menu is on the display 4 PTS 1 x1 4 y2 Coordinates of summary points 1 x3 2 y3 Coordinates of summary points Press to return to the previous menu u u u u uTo recall graph functions Pressing and then 2 GRPH while the variable d...

Страница 56: ...or inequality function 2 Xt Parametric graph function Xt 3 Yt Parametric graph function Yt u u u u uTo recall Table Graph table range and table content data Pressing and then 3 TABL while the variable data menu is on the screen displays a Table Graph data menu 3 TABL 1 Strt Table range start value F Start command 2 End Table range end value F End command 3 Pitch Table value increment F Pitch comma...

Страница 57: ...Differential Calculations Chapter 3 ...

Страница 58: ...sible this unit employs central difference to perform differential calculations The following illustrates central difference The slopes of point a and point a x and of point a and point a x in function y f x are as follows In the above y x is called the forward difference while y x is the backward difference To calculate derivatives the unit takes the average between the value of y x and y x there...

Страница 59: ...ly X can be used as a variable in expressions Other vari ables A through Z are treated as constants and the value currently assigned to that variable is applied during the calculation Input of x and the closing parenthesis can be omitted If you omit x the calcu lator automatically uses a value for x that is appropriate for the value of x a which you specified as the point for which you wanted to d...

Страница 60: ...ntial Calculations Pressing A during calculation of a differential while the cursor is not shown on the display interrupts the calculation Always perform trigonometric differentials using radians Rad Mode as the angle unit ...

Страница 61: ...r is capable of drawing the following types of graphs Rectangular coordinate Y graphs Parametric graphs Inequality graphs Aselection of graph commands also makes it possible to incorpo rate graphing into programs 1 Before Trying to Draw a Graph 2 View Window V Window Settings 3 Graph Function Operations 4 Drawing Graphs Manually 5 Other Graphing Functions Chapter 4 ...

Страница 62: ...ecify the range of the x and y axes and to set the spac ing between the increments on each axis You should always set the View Window parameters you want to use before drawing a graph Press 3 to display the View Window 1 Press 3 to display the View Window 3 V Window 1 INIT View Window initial settings 2 TRIG View Window initial settings using specified angle unit 3 Sto Store View Window settings t...

Страница 63: ... each of these parameters 3 Input a value for a parameter and press w The calculator automatically selects the next parameter for input There are actually nine View Window parameters The remaining three param eters appear on the display when you move the highlighting down past the Y scale parameter by inputting values and pressing c Tmin T minimum values Tmax T maximum values Tptch T pitch The fol...

Страница 64: ...ndow setting does not allow display of the axes the scale for the y axis is indicated on either the left or right edge of the display while that for the x axis is indicated on either the top or bottom edge When View Window values are changed the graph display is cleared and the newly set axes only are displayed View Window setting may cause irregular scale spacing Setting maximum and minimum value...

Страница 65: ...u uTo save View Window settings While the View Window setting screen is on the display press 3 Sto to save the current settings Whenever you save View Window settings any settings previously stored in memory are replaced u u u u uTo recall View Window settings While the View Window setting screen is on the display press 4 Rcl to recall the View Window settings stored in memory Whenever you recall ...

Страница 66: ...ile the Graph Function Menu is on the display press to display a Graph Type Menu 1 Y Rectangular coordinate graph 2 Parm Parametric graph 1 Y Y f x inequality 2 Y Y f x inequality 3 Y Y f x inequality 4 Y Y f x inequality Press to return to the previous menu 2 Press the function key that corresponds to the graph type you want to specify k k k k k Storing Graph Functions u u u u uTo store a rectang...

Страница 67: ... memory areas Xt2 and Yt2 x 3 sin T y 3 cos T 2 Parm Specifies parametric expression dsTw Inputs and stores x expression dcTw Inputs and stores y expression You will not be able to store the expression in an area that already contains a rectangular coordinate expression or inequality Select another area to store your expression or delete the existing expression first u u u u uTo store an inequalit...

Страница 68: ...ea that contains the function you want to delete 2 Press 2 DEL 3 Press 1 YES to delete the function or 4 NO to abort the procedure without deleting anything k k k k k Drawing a Graph Before actually drawing a graph you should first make the draw non draw status u u u u uTo specify the draw non draw status of a graph You can specify which functions out of those stored in memory should be used for a...

Страница 69: ...lue to be too large relative to the differential be tween the min and max settings If the settings you make cause the pitch value to be too small relative to the differential between the min and max settings on the other hand the graph will take a very long time to draw 4 Drawing Graphs Manually After you select the RUN icon in the Main Menu and enter the RUN Mode you can draw graphs manually Firs...

Страница 70: ... 4 Use the following View Window parameters Xmin 5 Ymin 10 Xmax 5 Ymax 10 Xscl 2 Yscl 5 1 In the set up screen specify the appropriate graph type for F Type Z1 Y Q 2 Input the rectangular coordinate Y expression A 4 SKTCH 1 Cls w 2 GRPH 1 Y cTx dT e 3 Press w to draw the graph w You can draw graphs of the following built in scientific functions sin x cos x tan x sin 1 x cos 1 x tan 1 x x2 log x ln...

Страница 71: ... Window parameters Xmin 20 Ymin 12 Xmax 20 Ymax 12 Xscl 5 Yscl 5 Tmin 0 Tmax 2π Tptch π 36 1 In the set up screen specify the appropriate graph type for F Type Z2 Parm 2 Set the default angle unit to radians Rad cc2 Rad Q 3 Input the parametric functions A 4 SKTCH 1 Cls w 2 GRPH 2 Parm hcT ccdT hsT csdT 4 Press w to draw the graph w u u u u uTo graph inequalities You can graph inequalities that ca...

Страница 72: ...Graphing Functions The functions described in this section tell you how to read the x and y coordinates at a given point and how to zoom in and zoom out on a graph These functions can be used with rectangular coordinate parametric and in equality graphs only k k k k k Connect Type and Plot Type Graphs D Type You can use the D Type setting of the set up screen to specify one of two graph types Conn...

Страница 73: ... Graph Inequality Graph u u u u uTo use trace to read coordinates Example To determine the points of intersection for graphs produced by the following functions Y1 y x2 3 Y2 y x 2 Use the following View Window parameters Xmin 5 Ymin 10 Xmax 5 Ymax 10 Xscl 1 Yscl 2 1 After drawing the graphs press 1 TRCE to display the pointer in the center of the graph 1 TRCE The pointer may not be visible on the ...

Страница 74: ... tracing You cannot scroll parametric function graphs Trace can be used only immediately after a graph is drawn It cannot be used after changing the settings of a graph You cannot incorporate trace into a program You can use trace on a graph that was drawn as the result of an output com mand which is indicated by the Disp indicator on the screen k k k k k Scroll You can scroll a graph along its x ...

Страница 75: ...cifies graph type aATx d aA d b b w Stores expression 4 DRAW or w Draws graph The function that is input using the above syntax can have only one variable You cannot use X Y or T as the variable name You cannot assign a variable to the variable in the function When the set up screen s Simul G item is set to On the graphs for all the vari ables are drawn simultaneously 1 2 3 4 P 8 ...

Страница 76: ...3 IN Enlarges graph using zoom factors 4 OUT Reduces graph using zoom factors 1 ORIG Original size Press to return to the previous menu u u u u uTo use box zoom With box zoom you draw a box on the display to specify a portion of the graph and then enlarge the contents of the box Example To use box zoom to enlarge a portion of the graph y x 5 x 4 x 3 Use the following View Window parameters Xmin 8 ...

Страница 77: ...ide the box is immediately enlarged so it fills the entire screen w To return to the original graph press 2 ZOOM 1 ORIG Nothing happens if you try to locate the second corner at the same location or directly above the first corner You can use box zoom for any type of graph u u u u uTo use factor zoom With factor zoom you can zoom in or zoom out on the display with the current pointer location bein...

Страница 78: ...tion that you want to be the center of the new display d d f f 3 Press 2 FACT to display the factor specification screen and input the factor for the x and y axes 2 FACT fwfw 4 Press Q to return to the graphs and then press 3 IN to enlarge them Q3 IN This enlarged screen makes it clear that the graphs of the two expressions are not tangential Note that the above procedure can also be used to reduc...

Страница 79: ...zoom operation into a program Factor X factor Y factor You can use factor zoom for any type of graph k k k k k Sketch Function The sketch function lets you draw lines and graphs on an existing graph Note that Sketch function operation in the STAT GRAPH or TABLE Mode is different from Sketch function operation in the RUN or PRGM Mode u u u u uBefore using the Sketch Function Press 4 SKTCH to displa...

Страница 80: ...the View Window parameters used when drawing the graph Xmin 5 Ymin 5 Xmax 5 Ymax 5 Xscl 1 Yscl 1 u u u u uTo plot points In the STAT GRAPH or TABLE Mode Example To plot a point on the graph of y x x 2 x 2 1 After graphing the function display the sketch menu and perform the following operation to cause the pointer to appear on the graph screen 4 SKTCH 3 PLOT 1 Plot 2 Use the cursor keys f c d e to...

Страница 81: ...rform the following operation 4 SKTCH 1 Cls w 3 PLOT 1 Plot c c 2 Press w ww You can use the cursor keys f c d e to move the pointer around the screen If you do not specify coordinates the pointer is located in the center of the graph screen when it appears on the display If the coordinates you specify are outside the range of the View Window param eters the pointer will not be on the graph screen...

Страница 82: ...nt off Perform the same procedure as described under To turn a plot point on above except press 3 P Off in place of 2 P On To change the on off status of a plot point Perform the same procedure as described under To turn a plot point on above except press 4 P Chg in place of 2 P On u u u u uTo turn plot points on and off in the RUN or PRGM Mode The following are the syntax for turning plot points ...

Страница 83: ...hing the function display the sketch menu and perform the following operation to cause the pointer to appear on the graph screen 4 SKTCH 3 PLOT 1 Plot 2 Use the cursor keys f c d e to move the pointer to one of the points of inflection and press w to plot it d df f w 3 Use the cursor keys to move the pointer to the other point of inflection e ec c 4 Display the sketch menu and perform the followin...

Страница 84: ...se the pointer to appear on the graph screen 4 SKTCH 4 LINE 2 F Lin 2 Use the cursor keys f c d e to move the pointer to one of the points of inflection and press w d df f w 3 Use the cursor keys to move the pointer to the other point of inflection and press w to draw the line e ec c w u u u u uTo draw a line in the RUN or PRGM Mode The following is the syntax for drawing lines in these modes F Li...

Страница 85: ...and perform the following operation to draw a straight line between the two points u 4 SKTCH 4 LINE 1 Line w The above draws a straight line between the current pointer location and the previous pointer location u u u u uTo draw vertical and horizontal lines The procedures presented here draw vertical and horizontal lines that pass through a specific coordinate In the STAT GRAPH or TABLE Mode Exam...

Страница 86: ...orizontal lines in these modes To draw a vertical line Vertical x coordinate To draw a horizontal line Horizontal y coordinate u u u u uTo clear drawn lines and points The following operation clears all drawn lines and points from the screen In the STAT GRAPH or TABLE Mode Lines and points drawn using sketch menu functions are temporary Display the sketch menu and press 1 Cls to clear drawn lines ...

Страница 87: ... different modes You can specify the range and increment of values assigned to variables for table value generation You can assign list values to variables In addition to graphing of stored functions you can also plot table values generated by Table Graph itself Table values can be assigned to a list 1 Storing a Function 2 Deleting a Function 3 Assigning Values to a Variable 4 Generating a Numeric...

Страница 88: ...ing in the TABLE Mode function list to the memory area where you want to store the function Next input the function and press w to store it 2 Deleting a Function Use f and c to move the highlighting to the memory area that contains the function you want to delete Press 2 DEL Press 1 YES to delete the selected function or 4 NO to abort the delete operation without deleting anything The procedures f...

Страница 89: ...es and return to the function storage screen press Q u u u u uTo assign values from a list Press Z to display the set up screen Z If necessary you can press to display a menu of other lists 4 5 6 The follow ing shows the operation required to select List 6 3 List6 After making the set up screen setting you want press Q to return to the Function List Note that the RANG item does not appear in the f...

Страница 90: ...or function Y3 were also generated Each cell can hold up to six digits negative sign takes up one digit You can move the cursor around the table using the cursor f c d e keys The following points apply to cursor position and movement The value contained in the currently selected cell appears at the bottom of the display with all current display attributes number of decimal place number of signific...

Страница 91: ...ted 3 ADD Insert new line below line where cursor is located 6 Graphing a Function You can use the two following function keys to produce a graph using the numeric table currently on the screen 3 G CON Graph with connected plot points 4 G PLT Graph with plotted points unconnected Note that you can also produce a G PLT 4 graph by pressing w while a numeric table is on the screen Example To graph th...

Страница 92: ...n the graph and its table as long as you do not clear the graph 7 Assigning Numeric Table Contents to a List You can assign a column of values from a table into a list Simply use d and e to move the cursor into the column whose values you want to copy The cursor can be in any row of the column The copy operation is performed by pressing K to dis play the Option Menu and then pressing 2 LMEM K1 LIS...

Страница 93: ...atistical calcula tions and for graphing 1 List Operations 2 Editing and Rearranging Lists 3 Manipulating List Data 4 Arithmetic Calculations Using Lists 6 Chapter Element number Display range Cell List name Column List 1 List 2 List 3 List 4 List 5 List 6 1 56 1 107 3 5 4 0 2 37 2 75 6 0 0 3 21 4 122 2 1 0 0 4 69 8 87 4 4 2 0 5 40 16 298 3 0 0 6 48 32 48 6 8 3 0 7 93 64 338 2 9 0 8 30 128 49 8 7 ...

Страница 94: ...ation List internal operations a w Graphing with list data Example Y1 List 1X Table LIST Copying table result to a list K 1 LIST 2 LMEM Specific selected data can be copied to a list List data can be assigned to a variable for generation of a table defined using set up screen Chapter 6 List Function ...

Страница 95: ... move between lists and f and c to move between cells inside of a list The screen automatically scrolls when the cursor is located at the edge of the screen For our example we will start by locating the cursor in Cell 1 of List 1 1 Input a value and press w to store it in the list dw 2 The cursor automatically moves down to the next cell for input Let s continue our example by inputting the values...

Страница 96: ...e final value g h i 4 Press w to store all of the values in your list w Remember that a comma separates values so you should not input a comma after the final value of the set you are inputting Right 34 53 78 Wrong 34 53 78 2 Editing and Rearranging Lists k k k k k Editing List Values u u u u uTo change a cell value Use d or e to move the cursor to the cell whose value you want to change Input the...

Страница 97: ...everything below it to be shifted up 1 DEL Note that the above cell delete operation does not affect cells in other lists If the data in the list whose cell you delete is somehow related to the data in neighboring lists deleting a cell can cause related values to become misaligned u u u u uTo delete all cells in a list 1 Use d e f or c to move the cursor to the name of the list whose cells you wan...

Страница 98: ...4 NO to abort the delete operation without deleting anything 1 YES u u u u uTo insert a new cell Use d e f or c to move the cursor to the location where you want to insert the new cell In this example we will reinsert a cell containing the value 4 which we deleted above 1 Press to display the Cell Operation Menu if it is not already displayed 2 Press 3 INS to insert a new cell which contains a val...

Страница 99: ...either ascending order or descending order The current cur sor location does not matter in the following procedures u u u u uTo sort a single list Ascending order 1 While the lists are on the screen press to display the Operation Menu and then press 1 SRT A 1 SRT A 2 The prompt How Many Lists H appears to ask how many lists you want to sort Here we will input 1 to indicate we want to sort only one...

Страница 100: ...e screen press 1 SRT A 1 SRT A 2 The prompt How Many Lists H appears to ask how many lists you want to sort Here we will sort one base list linked to one other list so we should input 2 cw 3 In response to the Select Base List B prompt input the number of the list you want to sort into ascending order Here we will specify List 1 bw 4 In response to the Select Second List L prompt input the number ...

Страница 101: ...Mean Calculate the median of values in a list Med Calculate the median of values of specifies frequency Med Calculate the sum of values in a list Sum You can use list data manipulation functions in the RUN STAT LIST TABLE or PRGM Mode k k k k k Accessing the List Data Manipulation Function Menu All of the following examples are performed in the RUN Mode Press K and then 1 LIST This menu has three ...

Страница 102: ...f numbers Seq K 1 LIST 1 Seq expression variable name start value end value pitch w The result of this operation is also stored in Ans Memory Example To input the number sequence 12 62 112 into a list Use the following settings Variable x Starting value 1 Ending value 11 Pitch 5 AK1 LIST 1 Seq Tx T b bb f w Specifying an ending value of 12 13 14 or 15 produces the same result as shown above becaus...

Страница 103: ... List list number 1 6 w The two lists must contain the same number of data items Otherwise an error Dim ERROR occurs The result of this operation is also stored in Ans Memory Example To find whether List 1 75 16 98 46 56 or List 2 36 89 58 72 67 contains the smallest value AK1 LIST 2 Min 1 List b 1 List c w u u u u uTo find which of two lists contains the greatest value Max Use the same procedure ...

Страница 104: ...ted by List 2 75 89 98 72 67 AK1 LIST 4 Mean 1 List b 1 List c w u u u u uTo calculate the median of values in a list Med K 1 LIST 1 Med 1 List list number 1 6 w Example To calculate the median of values in List 1 36 16 58 46 56 AK1 LIST 1 Med 1 List b w u u u u uTo calculate the median of values of specified frequency Med This procedure uses two lists one that contains values and one that contain...

Страница 105: ...lists performs the operation between corresponding cells Because of this a Dim ERROR occurs if the two lists do not have the same number of values which means they have different dimensions An Ma ERROR occurs whenever an operation involving any two cells generates a mathematical error k k k k k Inputting a List into a Calculation There are two methods you can use to input a list into a calculation...

Страница 106: ...gn the contents of one list to another list Use a to assign the contents of one list to another list Example 1 To assign the contents of List 3 to List 1 K1 LIST 1 List da1 List bw In place of 1 List d in the above procedure you could input eb gf cc Example 2 To assign the list in Ans Memory to List 1 K1 LIST 1 List Ka1 List bw u u u u uTo input a single list cell value into a calculation You can ...

Страница 107: ...To multiply the list contents in Ans Memory by 36 K1 LIST 1 List K dgw The operation K 1 LIST 1 List K recalls Ans Memory contents This operation replaces currentAns Memory contents with the result of the above calculation k k k k k Graphing a Function Using a List When using the graphing functions of this calculator you can input a function such as Y1 List1 X If List 1 is 1 2 3 this function will...

Страница 108: ...n Ans Memory 41 Example 1 To use List 3 65 to perform sin List 3 22 Use radians as the angle unit sK1 LIST 1 List dw 0 158 The resulting list 0 8268 is stored in Ans Memory 8E 3 In place of1 List d in the above procedure you could input eb g f cc 1 4 Example 2 To use List 1 2 and List 2 5 to perform List 1List 2 3 6 K1 LIST 1 List bM1 List cw This creates a list with the results of 14 25 36 1 The ...

Страница 109: ...ulating and Graphing Paired Variable Statistical Data 5 Manual Graphing 6 Performing Statistical Calculations Chapter 7 Important This chapter contains a number of graph screen shots In each case new data values were input in order to highlight the particular characteristics of the graph being drawn Note that when you try to draw a similar graph the unit uses data values that you have input using ...

Страница 110: ... INS Insert data item Press to return to the previous menu The procedures you should use for data editing are identical to those you use with the list function For details see Chapter 6 List Function 2 Statistical Calculation Examples Once you input data you can use it to produce a graph and check for tendencies You can also use a variety of different regression calculations to analyze the data Ex...

Страница 111: ... use Graph 3 to plot the data you input into statistical data List 1 and List 2 above While the statistical data list is on the display press 1 GRPH to display the graph menu 1 GRPH 1 GPH1 Graph 1 draw 2 GPH2 Graph 2 draw 3 GPH3 Graph 3 draw 1 SEL Graph GPH1 GPH2 GPH3 selection 4 SET Graph settings graph type list assignments Press to return to the previous menu You can specify the graph draw non ...

Страница 112: ...oint on the scatter diagram To return to the statistical data list press Q k k k k k Changing Graph Parameters Use the following procedures to specify the graph draw non draw status the graph type and other general settings for each of the graphs in the graph menu GPH1 GPH2 GPH3 1 Graph draw non draw status SELECT The following procedure can be used to specify the draw On non draw Off status of ea...

Страница 113: ...a The initial default statistical data is List 1 for single variable data and List 1 and List 2 for paired variable data You can specify which statistical data list you want to use to draw the graph Frequency Normally each data item or data pair in the statistical data list is represented on a graph as a point When you are working with a large number of data items however this can cause problems b...

Страница 114: ...atGraph area 1 While the general graph settings screen is on the display use f and c to move the highlighting to the StatGraph item 2 Use the function key menu to select the StatGraph area you want to select 1 GPH1 Graph 1 2 GPH2 Graph 2 3 GPH3 Graph 3 u u u u uTo select the graph type G Type 1 While the general graph settings screen is on the display use f and c to move the highlighting to the G ...

Страница 115: ...d Med graph 3 X 2 Quadratic regression graph 1 Log Logarithmic regression graph 2 Exp Exponential regression graph 3 Pwr Power regression graph 1 Bar Bar graph 2 Line Line graph 3 Both Bar graph and line graph Press to return to the previous menu u u u u uTo select the x axis data list XList 1 While the graph settings screen is on the display use f and c to move the highlighting to the XList item ...

Страница 116: ... Press to return to the previous menu u u u u uTo select the y axis data list YList 1 While the graph settings screen is on the display use f and c to move the highlighting to the YList item 2 Use the function key menu to select the name of the statistical data list whose values you want on the y axis of the graph 1 List1 List 1 2 List2 List 2 3 List3 List 3 4 List4 List 4 1 List5 List 5 2 List6 L...

Страница 117: ...ency data 3 List2 List 2 data is frequency data 4 List3 List 3 data is frequency data 1 List4 List 4 data is frequency data 2 List5 List 5 data is frequency data 3 List6 List 6 data is frequency data Press to return to the previous menu u u u u uTo select the plot mark type M Type 1 While the general graph settings screen is on the display use f and c to move the highlighting to the M Type item 2 ...

Страница 118: ...e values you want to use 1 List1 List 1 2 List2 List 2 3 List3 List 3 4 List4 List 4 1 List5 List 5 2 List6 List 6 Press to return to the previous menu u u u u uTo select the data list for a combined bar graph and line graph Both 1 While the graph settings screen is on the display use f and c to move the highlighting to the Bar item 2 Use the function key menu to select the name of the statistical...

Страница 119: ... the previous menu k k k k k Drawing an xy Line Graph Paired data items can be used to plot a scatter diagram A scatter diagram where the points are linked is an xy line graph Press Q to return to the statistical data list k k k k k Selecting the Regression Type After you graph statistical data you can use the function menu at the bottom of the display to select from a variety of different types o...

Страница 120: ...ppear on the display You can use these to obtain statistical calculation results Regression parameters are calculated as soon as you press a function key to select a regression type while a graph is on the display Example To display logarithmic regression parameter calculation results while a scatter diagram is on the display 1 Log k k k k k Graphing statistical calculation results You can use the...

Страница 121: ...single variable statistics k k k k k Histogram From the statistical data list press 1 GRPH to display the graph menu press 4 SET and then change the graph type of the graph you want to use GPH1 GPH2 GPH3 to histogram Input data into a list make the required settings and then draw the graph k k k k k Box Graph This type of graph lets you see how a large number of data items are grouped within speci...

Страница 122: ...n The more data items there are the closer the distribution is to normal distribution From the statistical data list press 1 GRPH to display the graph menu press 4 SET and then change the graph type of the graph you want to use GPH1 GPH2 GPH3 to normal distribution k k k k k Displaying Single Variable Statistical Results Single variable statistics can be expressed as both graphs and parameter valu...

Страница 123: ...select the pie chart data format 1 Displayed values show what percentage of the total data each pie segment represents 2 Data Displayed values show actual data Press Q to draw the chart Example To input the following data into List 1 and use it to draw a pie chart 18 0 13 5 4 5 31 5 22 5 1 GRPH 4 SET 1 GPH1 c 3 Pie c 1 List1 c 1 Q 1 GRPH 1 GPH1 A pie chart can have up to eight data items Attemptin...

Страница 124: ...u can then perform mathematical operations using the chart s data Example To perform the operation A B After drawing the pie chart perform the following operation 3 GSLV aA aB w The result shows that A and B account for 35 of the data k k k k k Stacked Bar Chart From the statistical data list press 1 GRPH to display the graph menu press 4 SET and then change the graph type of the graph you want to...

Страница 125: ...splay Pressing f and c moves the highlighting up and down within the same graph If you have multiple stacked bar charts on the screen use d and e to move between them u u u u u Linking the Segments of Stacked Bar Charts with Connecting Lines While multiple stacked bar charts are on the display press 4 CNCT to link their segments with connecting lines Redraw the stacked bar charts to clear the conn...

Страница 126: ...se d and e to move the pointer You cannot draw multiple bar graphs on the same screen k k k k k Line Graph From the statistical data list press 1 GRPH to display the graph menu press 4 SET and then change the graph type of the graph you want to use GPH1 GPH2 GPH3 to line graph Press Q to draw the graph Example To input the following data into List 1 and use it to draw a line graph 18 0 13 5 4 5 31...

Страница 127: ... the same x coordinates however and the x axis is dis played for the bar graph only 2 O Lap This setting superimposes the two graphs on each other Each graph however can have its own independent y axis values 3 Norm This setting also superimposes the two graphs with both us ing the same x and y coordinates Press Q to draw the graph Example Draw a graph that shows precipitation in a certain city as...

Страница 128: ... Linear Regression Graph Linear regression plots a straight line that passes close to as many data points as possible and returns values for the slope and y intercept y coordinate when x 0 of the line The graphic representation of this relationship is a linear regression graph Q1 GRPH 4 SET c 1 Scat Q1 GRPH 1 GPH1 1 X 4 DRAW The following are the meanings of the above parameters a Regression coeff...

Страница 129: ... reliable linear regression from data that includes irregular fluctuations such as seasonal surveys 2 Med 4 DRAW The following are the meanings of the above parameters a Med Med graph slope b Med Med graph y intercept k k k k k Quadratic Regression Graph A quadratic regression graph represents connection of the data points of a scatter diagram It actually is a scattering of so many points that are...

Страница 130: ... X logx the formula corresponds to linear regression formula y a bX 1 Log 4 DRAW The following are the meanings of the above parameters a Regression constant term b Regression coefficient slope r Correlation coefficient k k k k k Exponential Regression Graph Exponential regression expresses y as a proportion of the exponential function of x The standard exponential regression formula is y a ebx so...

Страница 131: ...ntial regression expresses y as a proportion of the power of x The standard power regression formula is y a xb so if we take the logarithms of both sides we get logy loga b logx Next if we say X log x Y logy and A loga the formula corresponds to linear regression formula Y A bX 3 Pwr 4 DRAW The following are the meanings of the above parameters a Regression coefficient b Regression power r Correla...

Страница 132: ...f xList data xσn Population standard deviation of xList data xσn 1 Sample standard deviation of xList data n Number of xList data items _ y Mean of yList data Σy Sum of yList data Σy2 Sum of squares of yList data yσn Population standard deviation of yList data yσn 1 Sample standard deviation of yList data Σxy Sum of the product of data stored in xList and yList minX Minimum of xList data maxX Maxi...

Страница 133: ...APH Mode 2 Press w to save the copied graph formula and return to the previous regression calculation result display k k k k k Multiple Graphs You can draw more than one graph on the same display by using the procedure under Changing Graph Parameters to set the graph draw On non draw Off sta tus of two or all three of the graphs to draw On and then pressing 4 DRAW After drawing the graphs you can ...

Страница 134: ...ns 5 Manual Graphing In all of the graphing examples up to this point values were calculated in accord ance with View Window settings and graphing was performed automatically This automatic graphing is performed when the S Wind item of the View Window is set to Auto auto graphing You can also produce graphs manually when the automatic graphing capabilities of this calculator cannot produce the res...

Страница 135: ...rm the following procedure Z2 Man Q Returns to previous menu 1 GRPH 1 GPH1 aw Start value is x 0 baw pitch 10 6 Performing Statistical Calculations All of the statistical calculations up to this point were performed after displaying a graph The following procedures can be used to perform statistical calculations alone u u u u uTo specify statistical calculation data lists You have to input the sta...

Страница 136: ...l Distribution Curve statistical calculation results were displayed after the graph was drawn These were numeric expressions of the characteristics of variables used in the graphic display The following operation produces the same values directly from the statistical data list 2 CALC 1 1VAR Now you can press f and c to view variable characteristics For details on the meanings of these statistical ...

Страница 137: ...n from the data input screen Perform the following key operation 2 CALC 3 REG 1 X Single variable regression parameters are displayed Next you can use the following 1 X Linear regression 2 Med Med Med regression 3 X 2 Quadratic regression 1 Log Logarithmic regression 2 Exp Exponential regression 3 Pwr Power regression The meaning of the parameters that appear on this screen are the same as those f...

Страница 138: ...95 35 4491 38 5717 1 In the Main Menu select the STAT icon and enter the STAT Mode 2 Input data into the list and draw the power regression graph 1 GRPH 4 SET c 1 Scat c 1 List1 c 2 List2 c 1 1 c 1 Q Z1 Auto Q1 GRPH 1 GPH1 3 Pwr 4 DRAW 3 In the Main Menu select the RUN icon and enter the RUN Mode 4 Press the keys as follows ea value of xi K3 STAT 2 w The estimated value is displayed for xi 40 baaa...

Страница 139: ...g a Program 4 Calculating the Number of Bytes Used by a Program 5 Secret Function 6 Searching for a File 7 Editing Program Contents 8 Deleting a Program 9 Useful Program Commands 10 Command Reference 11 Text Display 12 Using Calculator Functions in Programs Chapter 8 ...

Страница 140: ...Menu and enter the PRGM Mode When you do a program list appears on the display Selected memory area use f and c to move 1 EXE Execute program 2 EDIT Program edit 3 NEW New program 1 DEL Specific program delete 2 DEL A Delete all 3 SRC File name search Press to return to the previous menu If there are not programs stored in memory when you enter the PRGM Mode the message No Programs appears on the ...

Страница 141: ...e V of a regular octahedron for which the length of one side is known 2 S 2 3 A2 V A3 3 When inputting a new formula you first register the file name and then input the actual program u u u u uTo register a file name Example To register the file name OCTA Note that a file name can be up to eight characters long 1 While the program list is on the display press 3 NEW 3 NEW 3 Q Password registration ...

Страница 142: ...bytes of memory The file name input screen remains on the display if you press w without input ting a file name To exit the file name input screen and return to the program list without register ing a file name press Q u u u u uTo input a program Use the program input screen to input the contents of a program 1 TOP Top of program 2 BTM Bottom of program 3 MENU Mode menu Pressing displays a menu of...

Страница 143: ...mands that can be used to change set up screen settings inside a program For details on each of these commands see To change a mode set up Z Actual program contents are identical to manual calculations The following shows how the calculation of the surface area and volume of a regular octahedron would be calculated using a manual calculation Surface Area S c 9d value of A xw Volume V 9c d value of...

Страница 144: ...and pauses program execution and displays the last calculation re sult obtained or text It is similar to pressing w in a manual calculation For full details on using these and other commands see Useful Program Com mands The following shows examples of how to actually use the and commands W 1 aaA 3 c 9d aAx 2 9c d aAMd QQ u u u u uTo run a program 1 While the program list is on the display use f an...

Страница 145: ...ed by w w baw w Pressing w while the program s final result is on the display re executes the program You can also run a program while in the RUN Mode by inputting Prog file name w An error Go ERROR occurs if the program specified by Prog file name cannot be found 1 2 3 4 P 149 ...

Страница 146: ... or e will not display the location of the error if the pro gram is password protected u u u u uTo eliminate bugs that cause bad results If your program produces results that are not what you normally expect check the contents of the program and make necessary changes See Editing Program Con tents for details on how to change program contents 4 Calculating the Number of Bytes Used by a Program Thi...

Страница 147: ...s 3 NEW and input the file name of the new program file 3 NEW AREA 2 Press 3 Q and then input the password 3 Q CASIO The password input procedure is identical to that used for file name input 3 Press w to register the file name and password Now you can input the contents of the program file Registration of a password uses 16 bytes of memory Pressing w without inputting a password registers the fil...

Страница 148: ...can search for a specific file name using any of the three following methods Scroll Search scroll through the file names in the program list File Name Search input the name of the file Initial Character Search input the first few letters of the name of the file u u u u uTo find a file using scroll search Example To use scroll search to recall the program named OCTA 1 While the program list is on t...

Страница 149: ...cter search to recall the program named OCTA 1 While the program list is on the display press 3 SRC and input the initial characters of the file you want to find 3 SRC OCT 2 Press w to search w All files whose file names start with the characters you input are recalled If there is no program whose file name starts with the characters you input the message Not Found appears on the display If this h...

Страница 150: ...face area and volume of regular tetrahedrons when the length of one side is known Length of One Side A Surface Area S Volume V 7 cm cm2 cm3 10 cm cm2 cm3 15 cm cm2 cm3 The following are the formulas used for calculating surface area S and volume V of a regular tetrahedron for which the length of one side is known 2 S 3 A2 V A3 12 Use the following key operations when inputting the program Length o...

Страница 151: ...d using a wavy line above Changing d to b c underlined using a solid line above Let s edit the program 2 EDIT eeeeDD cd bc D Q Let s try running the program Length of One Side A Surface Area S Volume V 7 cm 84 87048957 cm2 40 42293766 cm3 10 cm 173 2050808 cm2 117 8511302 cm3 15 cm 389 7114317 cm2 397 7475644 cm3 1 EXE or w hw Value of A 1 2 3 4 ...

Страница 152: ... uTo delete a specific program 1 While the program list is on the display use f and c to move the highlighting to the name of the program you want to delete 2 Press 1 DEL 1 DEL 3 Press 1 YES to delete the selected program or 4 NO to abort the opera tion without deleting anything u u u u uTo delete all programs 1 While the program list is on the display press 2 DEL A 1 2 3 4 ...

Страница 153: ...la tional and jump commands that can be used to create programs that make repeat calculations quick and easy Program Menu Press W to display the program menu W 1 COM Program command menu 2 CTL Control command menu 3 JUMP Jump command menu 1 Input command 2 Output command 3 CLR Clear command menu 4 DISP Display command menu 1 REL Conditional jump relational operator menu 2 I O Input output command ...

Страница 154: ... For For command 2 To To command 3 Step Step command 4 Next Next command 1 Whle While command 2 WEnd WhileEnd command 3 Do Do command 4 Lp W LpWhile command Press to return to the previous menu Control Command Menu CTL While the program menu is on the display press 2 CTL to display the control command menu 2 CTL 1 Prog Prog command 2 Rtrn Return command 3 Brk Break command 4 Stop Stop command 1 2 ...

Страница 155: ...e program menu is on the display press 3 CLR to display the clear command menu 3 CLR 1 Text ClrText command 2 Grph ClrGraph command 3 List ClrList command Display Command Menu DISP While the program menu is on the display press 4 DISP to display the dis play command menu 4 DISP 1 Stat DrawStat command 2 Grph DrawGraph command 3 TABL Table Graph command menu Pressing 3 TABL while the display comman...

Страница 156: ...onal jump relational operator menu 1 REL 1 Relational operator 2 G G G G G Relational operator G G G G G 3 Relational operator 4 Relational operator 1 Relational operator 2 Relational operator Press to return to the previous menu Input Output Commands Menu I O While the program menu is on the display press 2 I O to display the input output command menu 2 I O 1 Send Send command 2 Recv Receive comm...

Страница 157: ...54 Return 150 Send 155 Stop 150 While WhileEnd 148 Input Command 144 Output Command 144 Multi statement Command 144 _ Carriage Return 144 Jump Code 152 G G G G G Relational Operators 155 The following are conventions that are used in this section when describing the vari ous commands Boldface Text Actual commands and other items that always must be in put are shown in boldface Curly Brackets Curly...

Страница 158: ...in response to the input command must be a value or an expression and the expression cannot be a multi statement Output Command Function Displays and intermediate result during program execution Description 1 This command momentarily interrupts program execution and displays alpha character text or the result of the calculation immediately before it 2 The output command should be used at locations...

Страница 159: ... must always be accompanied by a Then statement Omitting the Then statement results in an error Syn ERROR Example If A 0 _ Then A 0 If Then IfEnd Function The Then statement is executed only when the If condition is true non zero The IfEnd statement is always executed after the Then statement is executed or directly after the If condition when the If condition is false 0 Syntax Parameters conditio...

Страница 160: ... only when the If condition is true non zero The Else statement is executed when the If condition is false 0 The IfEnd statement is always executed following either the Then statement or Else statement Syntax Parameters condition numeric expression Description This command is almost identical to If Then Else The only difference is that the IfEnd statement is always executed regardless of whether t...

Страница 161: ...the Next statement must always come after its corresponding For statement 3 The Next statement defines the end of the loop created by For Next and so it must always be included Failure to do so results in an error Syn ERROR Example For 1 A To 10_ A 3 B_ B Next For To Step Next Function This command repeats everything between the For statement and the Next statement The starting value is assigned t...

Страница 162: ...decremented with each execution Example For 1 A To 10 Step 0 1_ A 3 B _ B Next Do LpWhile Function This command repeats specific commands as long as its condition is true non zero Syntax Parameters expression Description 1 This command repeats the commands contained in the loop as long as its condi tion is true non zero When the condition becomes false 0 execution pro ceeds from the statement foll...

Страница 163: ...ing the loop Syntax Break _ Description 1 This command breaks execution of a loop and continues from the next command following the loop 2 This command can be used to break execution of a For statement Do state ment and While statement Example While A 0_ If A 2_ Then Break_ IfEnd_ WhileEnd_ A Executed after Break Prog Function This command specifies execution of another program as a subroutine In ...

Страница 164: ...me specified by the Prog command does not exist an error Go ERROR occurs 7 In the RUN Mode inputting the Prog command and pressing w launches the program specified by the command Return Function This command returns from a subroutine Syntax Return _ Description Execution of the Return command inside a main routine causes execution of the program to stop Example Prog A Prog B 1 A_ For A B To 10_ Pr...

Страница 165: ...execution jumps to the statement following the multi statement command display command or carriage return _ Example 10 A 0 C Lbl 1 B B C C Dsz A Goto 1 C 10 This program prompts for input of 10 values and then calculates the average of the input values Goto Lbl Function This command performs an unconditional jump to a specified location Syntax Goto value or variable Lbl value or variable Parameter...

Страница 166: ... Increments the value assigned to variable A by 1 Description This command increments the value of a control variable by 1 and then tests checks it If the current value is non zero execution continues with the next statement If the current value is zero execution jumps to the statement following the multi statement command display command or carriage return _ Jump Code Function This code is used t...

Страница 167: ...or greater calculates and displays the square root of the input value Inputting a value less than zero returns to the input prompt without calculating anything k k k k k Clear Commands CLR ClrGraph Function This command clears the graph screen Syntax ClrGraph_ Description This command clears the graph screen during program execution ClrList Function This command clears list data Syntax ClrList_ De...

Страница 168: ...itions defined within the program DrawTG Con DrawTG Plt Function These commands graph functions Syntax DrawTG Con_ DrawTG Plt_ Description 1 These commands graph functions in accordance with conditions defined within the program 2 DrawTG Con produces a connect type graph while DrawTG Plt produces a plot type graph k k k k k Input Output Commands I O Receive Function This command receives data from...

Страница 169: ... numeric constant variable expression such as A 2 relational operator G G G G G Description 1 The following six relational operators can be used in the conditional jump com mand left side right side true when left side equals right side left side G G G G G right side true when left side does not equal right side left side right side true when left side is greater than right side left side right si...

Страница 170: ...e next line The screen scrolls automatically if the text causes the screen to become full 12 Using Calculator Functions in Programs k k k k k Using Graph Functions in a Program You can incorporate graph functions into a program to draw complex graphs and to overlay graphs on top of each other The following shows various types of syntax you need to use when programming with graph functions View Win...

Страница 171: ...g shows various types of syntax you need to use when programming with Table Graph functions Table range setting 1 F Start_ 5 F End_ 1 F pitch_ Numeric table generation DispTable_ Graph draw operation Connect type DrawTG Con_ Plot type DrawTG Plt_ Example Program ClrGraph_ ClrText_ View Window 0 6 1 2 106 20_ Y Type_ 3X2 2 Y1_ 1T SelOn 1_ 1341Q 0 2 F Start_ 2J 31 6 3F End_ 32 1 4 F pitch_ 43Q 5Disp...

Страница 172: ...rder SortD List 1 List 2 List 3 Lists to be sorted up to six can be specified k k k k k Using Statistical Calculations and Graphs in a Program Including statistical calculations and graphing operations into program lets you cal culate and graph statistical data u u u u uTo set conditions and draw a statistical graph Following StatGrph you must specify the following graph conditions Graph draw non ...

Страница 173: ...wing is a typical graph condition specification for a superimposed bar and line graph S Gph1 DrawOn Both List1 bar graph list List2 line graph list Sep G AutoWin setting _ The following is a typical graph condition specification for a single variable graph S Gph1 DrawOn Hist List1 List2_ The same format can be used for the following types of graphs by simply replac ing Hist in the above specificat...

Страница 174: ... 8DrawStat 73141Q 8 W 41Q Executing this program produces the scatter diagram shown here k k k k k Performing Statistical Calculations Single variable statistical calculation 1 1 Variable List 1 List 2 Frequency data Frequency x axis data XList 1 31 11Q Paired variable statistical calculation 2 Variable List 1 List 2 List 3 Frequency data Frequency y axis data YList x axis data XList ...

Страница 175: ...uency data Frequency type y axis data YList x axis data XList 1 31 1 1Q Any one of the following can be specified as the calculation type LinearReg linear regression Med MedLine Med Med calculation QuadReg quadratic regression LogReg logarithmic regression ExpReg exponential regression PowerReg power regression ...

Страница 176: ...162 Chapter 8 Programming ...

Страница 177: ... computer you will need to purchase the separately available CASIO Interface Unit This chapter also contains information on how to use the optional SB 62 cable to connect to a CASIO Label Printer to transfer screen data for printing 1 Connecting Two Units 2 Connecting the Unit with a Personal Computer 3 Connecting the Unit with a CASIO Label Printer 4 Before Performing a Data Communication Operati...

Страница 178: ...een them u u u u uTo connect two units 1 Check to make sure that the power of both units is off 2 Remove the covers from the connectors of the two units Be sure you keep the connector covers in a safe place so you can replace them after you finish your data communications 3 Connect the two units using the SB 62 cable SB 62 cable Keep the connectors covered when you are not using them ...

Страница 179: ...rsonal computer u u u u uTo connect the unit with a personal computer 1 Check to make sure that the power of the unit and the personal computer is off 2 Connect the personal computer to the Interface Unit 3 Remove the cover from the connector of the unit Be sure you keep the connector cover in a safe place so you can replace it after you finish your data communications 4 Connect the unit to the In...

Страница 180: ... as of February 2002 u u u u uTo connect the unit with a Label Printer 1 Check to make sure that the power of the unit and the Label Printer is off 2 Connect the optional SB 62 cable to the Label Printer 3 Remove the cover from the connector of the unit Be sure you keep the connector cover in a safe place so you can replace it after you finish your data communications 4 Connect the other end of th...

Страница 181: ...menu appears on the display Image Set Indicates the status of the graphic image send features Off Graphic images not sent On Pressing M sends graphic images 1 TRAN Menu of send settings 2 RECV Menu of receive settings 4 IMGE Menu of graphic image transfer settings Communication parameters are fixed at the following settings Speed BPS 9600 bits per second Parity PARITY NONE P 172 1 2 4 ...

Страница 182: ...de and waits for data to arrive Ac tual data receive starts as soon as data is sent from the sending unit Sending unit To set up the calculator to send data press 1 TRAN while the data communica tion main menu is displayed 1 TRAN Press the function key that corresponds to the type of data you want to send 1 SEL Selects data items and sends them 4 BACK All memory contents including mode settings u ...

Страница 183: ...the list scrolls when you move the cursor to the bottom line of the items on the screen The following types of data items can be sent Data Item Contents Overwrite Password Check 1 Check 2 Program Program contents Yes Yes List n List memory 1 to 6 contents Yes Y Data Graph expressions graph write non write status View Window No contents zoom factors V Win View Window memory contents No Variable Var...

Страница 184: ...rs asking for input of the password Name of password protected file Password input field 4 SYBL Symbol input After inputting the password press w u u u u uTo execute a send operation After selecting the data items to send press 4 TRAN A message appears to confirm that you want to execute the send operation 4 TRAN 1 YES Sends data 4 NO Returns to data selection screen Data item name 1 2 4 1 2 4 1 2...

Страница 185: ...iving Unit Press A to return to the data communication main menu u u u u uTo send backup data This operation allows you to send all memory contents including mode settings While the send data type selection menu is on the screen press 4 BACK and the back up send menu shown below appears 4 BACK Press 4 TRAN to start the send operation 4 TRAN The following shows what the displays of the sending and ...

Страница 186: ... operation 6 Screen Send Function The following procedure sends a bit mapped screen shot of the display to a con nected computer u u u u uTo send the screen 1 Connect the unit to a personal computer or to a CASIO Label Printer 2 In the data communication main menu press 4 IMGE and the following dis play appears 4 IMGE 1 Off Graphic images not sent 2 On Bitmap 3 Display the screen you want to send ...

Страница 187: ...at is not yet standing by to receive data When this happens press A to clear the error and try again after setting up the receiving unit to receive data An error occurs whenever the receiving unit does not receive any data approxi mately six minutes after it is set up to receive data When this happens press A to clear the error An error occurs during data communications if the cable becomes discon...

Страница 188: ...Chapter 9 Data Communications 174 ...

Страница 189: ...ttempting to perform any programming This Program Library is divided into two sections a numeric cal culation section and a graphics section Programs in the numeric calculation section produce results only while graphics programs use the entire display area for graphing Also note that calcula tions within graphics programs do not use the multiplication sign wherever it can be dropped i e in front ...

Страница 190: ...program Overview m is divided by 2 and by all successive odd numbers d 3 5 7 9 11 13 to check for divisibility Where d is a prime factor mi mi 1 d is assumed and division is repeated until mi 1 d Example 1 119 7 17 2 440730 2 3 3 5 59 83 3 262701 3 3 17 17 101 Preparation and operation Store the program written on the next page Execute the program as shown below Step Key operation Display Step Key...

Страница 191: ...l Lbl Lbl Lbl Lbl R 0 1 2 3 4 6 5 6 7 8 9 M 2 Frac B B A B A F M A I E A A A C 2 B A N C 1 D T 2 2 Goto B B B A Goto A A Goto A C 8 Goto 0 Frac 4 0 2 A 0 Goto Goto A 3 1 1 Goto B 7 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z mi d mi 1 Goto 3 9 Goto B 0 5 No 1 Line Program File name Memory Contents ...

Страница 192: ...values are taken as 1010 Overview n0 max a b n1 min a b nk 2 nk nk 2 nk 1 nk 1 k 2 3 If nk 0 then the greatest common measure c will be nk 1 Example 1 2 3 When a 238 a 23345 a 522952 b 374 b 9135 b 3208137866 c 34 c 1015 c 998 Preparation and operation Store the program written on the next page Execute the program as shown below Step Key operation Display Step Key operation Display No 2 ...

Страница 193: ...21 22 23 24 25 26 27 C Lbl Abs B A Lbl C B Lbl M 1 A 2 3 N A C 0 A A B F A Goto B Goto C A Abs 2 lnt 3 Goto C B A B 1 T A B 2 A B C Goto B B B A A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z a n0 b n1 nk B C No 2 Line Program File name Memory Contents ...

Страница 194: ...5 53 53 54 52 is 53 Perform a t test with a level of significance of 5 Preparation and operation Store the program written on the next page Execute the program as shown below PROGRAM SHEET No 3 Step Key operation Display Step Key operation Display The above operation produces a t test value of t 53 0 7533708035 According to the t distribution table in the next page a level of significance of 5 and...

Страница 195: ... 014 2 009 2 000 1 990 1 980 1 970 1 960 63 657 9 925 5 841 4 604 4 032 3 707 3 499 3 355 3 250 3 169 2 947 2 845 2 787 2 750 2 724 2 704 2 690 2 678 2 660 2 639 2 617 2 596 2 576 0 05 0 01 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 T 5 l Var Lbl Goto 5 4 List 0 x T 0 T 5 1 E 5 M S 5 2 1 M T 4 _ T 5 List xσn 1 _ _ 1 1 M 5 n 5 5 T 3 _ A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z m t 5 3 P Probability Degree of Freedom N...

Страница 196: ... points of tangency and factor zoom is used to enlarge the graph Example To determine m and b for the following values r 1 x 3 y 2 Notes The point plotted for A cannot be moved Even if it is moved on the graph the calculation is performed using the original value An error Ma ERROR occurs when r x Be sure to always perform a trace operation whenever you select trace and the message TRACE is on the ...

Страница 197: ...2 6 M M B 0 T E O 2 N M B 5 T E O 1 T Factor N W x2 C X P _ _ R S S 0 _ A _ R S S 0 _ R N G I I B A X A 0 B X A 0 A E N Y R Y x2 A C 1 Z Goto C 1 Z Goto C N N D x2 R C A B A M B E _ 2 A N B E _ 3 E T O _ L _ _ B B 1 P 1 W R E _ x2 M _ Goto N _ Goto _ _ R x2 _ 1 _ R _ 1 _ F x2 R B A Z Goto 0 B A Z Goto 5 x2 A x2 P _ x 1 _ _ x2 Factor A F x2 _ x 1 M _ N _ No 4 Line Program File name ...

Страница 198: ...h Y Goto Lbl Graph Y Prog Lbl W 3 C Graph Y Graph Y N 3 9 M Goto 3 E I I C 2 _ _ W 6 _ N N 3 1 R I X X I _ D D C R R Graph Y N O 9 L x2 R C M A A D W E x2 L O 3 X E X W x2 X A _ B B 9 x2 S Prog 1 1 B C _ I 2 Goto R 9 C 3 _ L E 2 No 4 Line Program File name File name ...

Страница 199: ...185 1 2 3 4 5 Program for Circle and Tangents No 4 Step Key Operation Display ...

Страница 200: ...186 Program for Circle and Tangents No 4 Step Key Operation Display 6 7 8 9 10 ...

Страница 201: ...187 11 12 13 14 15 Program for Circle and Tangents No 4 Step Key Operation Display ...

Страница 202: ...188 16 17 18 Program for Circle and Tangents No 4 Step Key Operation Display ...

Страница 203: ... cursor keys to move the pointer around the display To interrupt program execution press A while the graphic screen is on the display The triangle cannot be drawn if the result of the coordinate transformation operation exceeds View Window parameters Preparation and operation Store the program written on the next page Execute the program as shown below No 5 Memory Contents A B C D E F G x1 y1 x2 y...

Страница 204: ... Plot Plot Cls O 1 Y A 2 Y C 3 Y E 1 A cos sin G cos sin I cos sin K G T 0 1 X 1 A X 2 C X 3 E _ Plot N Q Q Q Q Q Q Plot A 1 B 2 D 3 F A G H J L H C T 4 Deg Y Y Y L B B _ D D F F E _ Y Y Y B E sin cos sin cos Line sin cos Line Line D 7 1 A B 2 C D 3 E F Q Q Q Q _ Q Q _ _ B _ _ D _ _ F _ Line Deg Plot Plot _ _ _ _ _ _ 4 _ _ _ _ _ _ G H I J K L E 1 C Q D _ 0 Line F View Window Goto 1 8 3 ...

Страница 205: ...191 1 2 3 4 5 Program for Rotating a Figure No 5 Step Key Operation Display ...

Страница 206: ...192 6 7 8 9 10 Program for Rotating a Figure No 5 Step Key Operation Display Locate the pointer at X 5 Continue repeating from step 8 ...

Страница 207: ...Appendix Appendix A Resetting the Calculator Appendix B Power Supply Appendix C Error Message Table Appendix D Input Ranges Appendix E Specifications ...

Страница 208: ...memory be sure to write it down somewhere before performing the RESET operation u u u u uTo reset the calculator 1 Press m to display the main menu 2 Highlight the MEM icon and press w or press j 3 Use c to move the highlighting down to Reset and then press w 4 Press 1 YES to reset the calculator or4 NO to abort the operation without resetting anything If the display appears to dark or dim after y...

Страница 209: ... Reduction Factor Clear initialized Table Graph Data Clear List Data Clear Statistical Calculation Graph Memory Clear Program Clear Input Buffer AC Replay Clear Performing the RESET operation while an internal calculation is being per formed will cause all data in memory to be deleted Make sure that no calcula tion be being performed before starting a RESET operation If the calculator stops operat...

Страница 210: ... all memory contents will be erased If you do remove both batteries correctly reload them and then perform the reset operation The batteries that come with this unit discharge slightly during shipment and storage Because of this they may require replacement sooner than the normal expected battery life k k k k k Replacing Batteries Precautions Incorrectly using batteries can cause them to burst or ...

Страница 211: ...e calculator or not loaded correctly Doing so can cause memory data to be deleted and malfunction of the calculator If mishandling of batteries causes such problems correctly load batteries and then perform the RESET operation to resume normal operation Be sure to replace all two batteries with new ones 1 Press O to turn the calculator off 2 Making sure that you do not accidently press the o key a...

Страница 212: ...ly battery Never remove the main power supply and the memory back up batteries from the unit at the same time Be sure to switch the unit off before replacing battery Replacing battery with power on will cause data in memory to be deleted Be sure to replace the back up power supply battery at least once 2 years re gardless of how much you use the unit during that time Failure to do so can cause dat...

Страница 213: ...ss o to turn power on The main batteries provide power to the memory while the back up battery is removed so memory data is not lost k k k k k About the Auto Power Off Function The calculator switches power off automatically if you do not perform any key opera tion for about 6 minutes To restore power press o The calculator automatically turns off it is left for about 60 minutes with a calculation...

Страница 214: ...int where the error was generated and then correct the program 123 Check the input numeric value and correct it When using memories check that the numeric values stored in memories are correct 4 Try using a smaller value for x x increment decrement 1 Correctly input a Lbl n to corres pond to the Goto n or delete the Goto n if not required 2 Store a program in program area Prog file name or delete ...

Страница 215: ...ata communications Memory of receiving unit became full during program data communications Countermeasure Simplify the formulas to keep stacks within 10 levels for the numeric values and 26 levels for the commands Divide the formula into two or more parts 123 Keep the number of variables you use for the operation within the number of variables currently available Simplify the data you are trying t...

Страница 216: ... G G G G G 100 2n 1 GRA Input ranges DEG x 9 109 RAD x 5 107πrad GRA x 1 1010 grad x 1 x 1 10100 1 10 99 x 1 10100 1 10100 x 100 1 10100 x 230 2585092 0 x 1 10100 x 1 1050 x 1 10100 x G G G G G 0 x 1 10100 0 x 69 x is an integer Result 1 10100 n r n and r are integers 0 r n n 1 1010 1 10100 x2 y2 r 1 10100 DEG θ 9 109 RAD θ 5 107 π rad GRA θ 1 1010 grad Appendix D Input Ranges However for tanθ θ G...

Страница 217: ...s di vision marks x 1 1050 y 1 1050 n 1 10100 xσn yσn x y a b c r n G G G G G 0 xσn 1 yσn 1 n G G G G G 0 1 1 2n 1 1 x 1 n 1 x Function xy x y ab c STAT For a single calculation calculation error is 1 at the 10th digit In the case of exponential display calculation error is 1 at the last significant digit Errors are cumulative in the case of consecutive calculations which can also cause them to be...

Страница 218: ...continuous operation Back up Approximately 2 years when main batteries are not supplying power Auto power off Power is automatically turned off approximately six minutes after last operation The calculator automatically turns off if it is left for about 60 minutes with a calcula tion stopped by an output command which is indicated by the Disp mes sage on the display Ambient temperature range 0 C t...

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