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105

between the tires and the road surface, ulti-
mately undermining your ability to steer
and brake the vehicle.

The risk of hydroplaning increases as the
tread depth of the tires decreases, refer
also to Tire tread on page

169

Driving through water

Do not drive through water on the
road if it is deeper than 1 ft/30 cm,

and then only at walking speed at the most.
Otherwise, the vehicle's engine, the electri-
cal systems and the transmission may be
damaged.

Braking safely

Your BMW is equipped with ABS as stan-
dard. You will achieve the best braking
response from the ABS by applying maxi-
mum pressure to the brake pedal during an
emergency: panic stops. Since the vehicle
maintains steering responsiveness, you
can nevertheless avoid possible obstacles
with a minimum of steering effort.

Pulsation at the brake pedal combines with
sounds from the hydraulic circuits to indi-
cate to the driver that ABS is in its active
mode.

Do not drive with your foot resting on
the brake pedal. Even light but con-

sistent pedal pressure can lead to high
temperatures, brake wear and possibly
even brake failure.

Driving in wet conditions

While driving in wet conditions and in
heavy rain, it is a good idea to apply light
pressure to the brake pedal every few
miles. Monitor traffic conditions to ensure
that this maneuver does not endanger
other road users. The heat generated in this
process helps dry the pads and rotors to
ensure that full braking efficiency will then
be available when you need it.

Hills

To prevent overheating and the
resulting reduced efficiency of the

brake system, drive long or steep downhill

gradients in the gear in which the least
braking is required. Even light but consis-
tent pedal pressure can lead to high tem-
peratures, brake wear and possibly even
brake failure.

You can further enhance the engine's
braking effect by selecting a lower gear
in the automatic transmission's manual
mode, downshifting as far as first gear
on extremely steep stretches, refer to
pages

and

. This strategy helps you

avoid placing excessive loads on the brake
system.

Never drive with the clutch pressed
or allow the vehicle to coast with the

transmission in Neutral – or with the engine
switched off – there is no engine braking
when the transmission is in Neutral, and no
power-assist for brakes and steering when
the engine is not running.
Never allow floor mats, carpets or any other
objects to protrude into the area around the
accelerator and brake pedals and obstruct
their movement.

Corrosion on brake rotors

When the vehicle is driven only occasion-
ally, during extended periods when the
vehicle is not used at all, and in operating
conditions where brake applications are
less frequent, there is an increased ten-
dency for corrosion to form on rotors, while
contaminants accumulate on the brake
pads. This occurs because the minimum
pressure which must be exerted by the
pads during brake applications to clean the
rotors is not reached.

Should corrosion form on the brake rotors,
the brakes will tend to respond with a pul-
sating effect that even extended applica-
tion will fail to cure.

Mobile communications devices in
vehicle

BMW discourages the use of mobile
communications devices, e. g. porta-

ble phones, inside the vehicle without a
direct connection to an outside antenna.
Otherwise, the vehicle electronics and
mobile communication device can influ-

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