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Specifications and Characteristics

3

U2000 Series Operating and Service Guide

57

For U2000/1B

,

Effect of Time-Gating and Averaging on Normal Mode Measurement Noise

The normal mode measurement noise will depend on the gate length 
(time- gated period in second) and the number of averages. The noise can 
be approximately calculated with the following equations.

If the gate length is <2.73 µs, use 

Equation 1

:

Otherwise, use 

Equation 2

:

Range

1

Zero Set (Internal)

Zero Set (External)

Zero Drift

2

Measurement 

Noise

3

Noise Per 

Sample

4

–8 dBm to 15 dBm

47 µW

43 µW

25 µW

28 µW

90 µW

10 dBm to 23.5 dBm

530 µW

480 µW

230 µW

300 µW

1 mW

22.5 dBm to 28 dBm

30 mW

27 mW

19 mW

20 mW

55 mW

26 dBm to 44 dBm

32 mW

34 mW

24 mW

21 mW

85 mW

1 Condition: (i) 0 °C to 55 °C and (ii) 40 °C, 95% relative humidity.

2 Within one hour after zero set, at a constant temperature, after 24-hour warm-up of the power sensor.

3 The number of averages at 1 for 

Normal

 speed, gate length of 2.27 ms, measured over one minute interval and two standard 

deviations.

4 The Noise Per Sample specification is only applicable for gated power working range stated in the

 

“Normal Mode Key 

Specifications and Characteristics”

on page 66

.

Noise

Noise per sample

1

Number of averages

----------------------------------------------------

×

=

Noise

Noise per sample

1

Number of averages

----------------------------------------------------

×

4

Gate length 0.68µs

(

)

⁄

-----------------------------------------------------

⎝

⎠

⎛

⎞

4

×

=

N O T E

If the noise value obtained from Equation 1 or 2 is lower than the measurement noise 
specification, use the value as specified in the measurement noise table.

Содержание U2000 Series

Страница 1: ...Agilent Technologies Agilent U2000 Series USB Power Sensors Operating and Service Guide...

Страница 2: ...s the warranty terms in the sep arate agreement shall control Technology Licenses The hardware and or software described in this document are furnished under a license and may be used or copied only i...

Страница 3: ...foregoing warranty shall not apply to defects resulting from improper or inadequate maintenance by Buyer Buyer supplied software or interfacing unauthorized modification or misuse operation outside of...

Страница 4: ...rements Safety Notices WARNING A WARNING notice denotes a hazard It calls attention to an operating procedure practice or the like that if not correctly performed or adhered to could result in persona...

Страница 5: ...Both direct and alternating current Equipotential protected throughout by DOUBLE INSULATION or REINFORCED INSULATION Three phase alternating current Caution risk of electric shock Earth ground termin...

Страница 6: ...Directives The C tick mark is a registered trademark of the Spectrum management Agency of Australia This signifies compliance with the Australian EMC Framework regu lations under the terms of the Rad...

Страница 7: ...card this electrical electronic product in domestic household waste Product Category With reference to the equipment types in the WEEE Directive Annex 1 this instrument is classified as a Monitoring a...

Страница 8: ...e of the instrument Agilent Technologies Inc assumes no liability for the customer s failure to comply with these requirements WARNING BEFORE CONNECTING THE POWER SENSOR TO OTHER INSTRUMENTS ensure th...

Страница 9: ...umidity Operating up to 95 at 40 C non condensing Non operating up to 90 at 65 C non condensing Altitude Operating up to 4 600 metres 15 000 feet Non operating up to 4 600 metres 15 000 feet Pollution...

Страница 10: ...DoC for this instrument is available on the Agilent Web site You can search the DoC by its product model or description at the Web address below http regulations corporate agilent com DoC search htm N...

Страница 11: ...ix 1 Getting Started Introduction 2 Power Sensor Overview 3 LED Indicator Guide 4 Principles of Operation 6 The U2000 Series USB Power Sensors in Detail 9 Initial Inspection 11 Package Contents Check...

Страница 12: ...ower Measurement in Average only Mode 34 3 Specifications and Characteristics Introduction 36 Specifications 38 Frequency and Power Ranges 38 Connector Type 38 Maximum SWR 25 C 10 C 39 SWR Plots for U...

Страница 13: ...anding Wave Ratio SWR and Reflection Coefficient Rho Performance Test 71 Replaceable Parts 74 Service 76 Troubleshooting 76 Repairing a Defective Sensor 76 Disassembly and Reassembly Procedure 77 Atte...

Страница 14: ...xiv U2000 Series Operating and Service Guide THIS PAGE HAS BEEN INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK...

Страница 15: ...ument Properties panel 20 Figure 1 14 Calibration due date display 20 Figure 2 1 Example of trace graph display for GSM signal 23 Figure 2 2 Measurement gate 24 Figure 2 3 Auto averaging settings 26 F...

Страница 16: ...xvi U2000 Series Operating and Service Guide THIS PAGE HAS BEEN INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK...

Страница 17: ...or the U2001A 71 Table 4 3 Power Sensor SWR and Reflection Coefficient for the U2002A 72 Table 4 4 Power Sensor SWR and Reflection Coefficient for the U2004A 72 Table 4 5 Power Sensor SWR and Reflecti...

Страница 18: ...xviii U2000 Series Operating and Service Guide THIS PAGE HAS BEEN INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK...

Страница 19: ...s USB Power Sensors in Detail 9 Initial Inspection 11 Hardware Installation and Configuration 12 Checking the Power Sensor Firmware 19 This chapter introduces the Agilent U2000 Series USB power sensor...

Страница 20: ...ed signals in 9 GHz to 24 GHz frequency range and 60 dBm to 44 dBm power range The power sensors provide an easy plug and play USB connectivity to a PC or laptop thus eliminating the need for a separa...

Страница 21: ...r body Contains the core components of the power sensor 4 Physical lock mechanism Enables secure locking mechanism 5 USB compliant cable Connects the power sensor to the PC or other instruments 6 Exte...

Страница 22: ...event The error is due to HW OS Self test All other LED indicators will not function while having this error The error message can be read by sending SYST ERR command Users are advised to return the p...

Страница 23: ...rating and Service Guide 5 Figure 1 1 LED indicator sequence during power up Power Up USB Enumeration HW OS Error Self test fail Self test InternalZeroing Default Read AMBER OFF GREEN Blinking GREEN B...

Страница 24: ...s is the RF input port assembly which provides a 50 load to the RF signal applied to the power sensor A dual range GaAs diode pair attenuator diode pair assembly in the RF input port rectifies the app...

Страница 25: ...sensor by the user and then the sensor is zeroed Internal zeroing is a new type of zeroing whereby the RF power can be left connected to the sensor while it is being zeroed The power sensor will remo...

Страница 26: ...1 Getting Started 8 U2000 Series Operating and Service Guide Figure 1 2 Block diagram of the RF microwave USB power sensor...

Страница 27: ...and peak power levels within the diode square law region to be measured accurately Accurate average power measurement of high level signals carrying modulation cannot be obtained using a CW correctio...

Страница 28: ...BID 1 package includes further refinements to improve power handling allowing accurate measurement of high level signals with high crest factors without incurring damage2 to the sensor These sensors m...

Страница 29: ...ion by the carrier and a Agilent Technologies representative If required you can find a list of Agilent Technologies Sales and Service offices on the last page of the guide Package Contents Checklist...

Страница 30: ...Libraries Suite for better performance Optional Agilent N1918A Power Analysis Manager had been installed Basic Power Panel is bundled with the purchase of the U2000 Series USB power sensors while user...

Страница 31: ...igure the U2000 Series 1 Connect your U2000 Series USB power sensor to the PC using the USB cable provided Connect the cable s mini B plug to your power sensor and the other end of the cable type A pl...

Страница 32: ...nyway to proceed with the installation of the driver Figure 1 6 Hardware installation warning message NOTE If you do not wish to receive similar warning message in future follow the instructions below...

Страница 33: ...ardware driver installations 7 Once the driver installation has completed the Assign USB device alias window may appear as shown below Each time a USB device is plugged in this dialog will be shown To...

Страница 34: ...ed power sensor will be detected and shown on the Instrument I O on this PC panel as shown in the following figure Figure 1 9 Agilent Connection Expert with a list of instrument I O on the PC 3 Select...

Страница 35: ...d IDN to the power sensor by clicking Send Read The device s response will appear in the Instrument Session History panel as shown in the following figure Figure 1 11 Identification of your connected...

Страница 36: ...prompts you to set your calibration due date b Your calibration date is due and the reminder prompts you to send your U2000 Series for calibration 3 Click OK and you may proceed to set the calibratio...

Страница 37: ...can be used to check the firmware revision of the power sensor Agilent IO Libraries Suite 15 5 By using the Agilent IO Libraries Suite version 15 5 or higher you can check the model code serial numbe...

Страница 38: ...8A Power Analysis Manager you can check the description firmware revision model number resource ID and serial number as shown below Figure 1 13 Power Analysis Manager Instrument Properties panel It is...

Страница 39: ...urement Mode 22 Power Sensor Configuration Settings 25 Measurement Accuracy and Speed 27 Internal and External Zeroing 30 Power Sweep and Frequency Sweep 32 Step Detection 33 Pulse Power Measurement i...

Страница 40: ...ge A trigger can be derived from an RF signal internal trigger or controlled externally via TTL input external trigger Trace Display The U2000 Series USB power sensors can also be configured to displa...

Страница 41: ...Operating Information 2 U2000 Series Operating and Service Guide 23 Figure 2 1 Example of trace graph display for GSM signal...

Страница 42: ...gate setup as shown in Figure 2 2 on page 24 Figure 2 2 Measurement gate Trigger Point 150 s 40 s Offset Time Gate Lengh Delayed Trigger Point NOTE It is strongly recommended for the gate to have 150...

Страница 43: ...configured when the U2000 Series USB power sensors are connected In Figure 2 3 the dotted line arrow indicates the internal range based on the internal circuitry of the power sensor The ranges will b...

Страница 44: ...m 38 dBm 35 dBm 38 dBm 512 1 1 1 1 1024 1 1024 128 1024 1024 1024 512 1024 1024 1024 1024 45 dBm 55 dBm 60 dBm 20 dBm Number of Averages Resolution Setting Maximum Sensor Power Within a Range U2000 1...

Страница 45: ...surement see on Page 51 Setting the Range There are two manual settings LOWER and UPPER The LOWER range uses the more sensitive path and the UPPER range uses the attenuated path in the U2000 Series US...

Страница 46: ...needs for measurement accuracy and speed For example a U2000 1 4A sensor where the range switch point is 7 1 dBm in a pulsed signal should be configured as follows The calculated average power is 12 d...

Страница 47: ...ls above 20 dBm are used in the low power path Refer to Auto averaging settings on page 26 If the range is held in UPPER for more accuracy the measurement is slower More filtering is applied due to th...

Страница 48: ...nce of performing a zero with the RF microwave signal present This feature makes internal zeroing more convenient but one may only use internal zeroing if zero set internal is within the user s applic...

Страница 49: ...Operating Information 2 U2000 Series Operating and Service Guide 31 Figure 2 4 Select either INT or EXT from the Zero Type option...

Страница 50: ...rce By default the step value is set to 0 The number of step ranges from 0 to 2048 Connect the signal source TRIG OUT to the power sensor TRIG IN Once the sweeping operation starts the signal source w...

Страница 51: ...a significant step in the measured power the filter can be set to re initialize upon detection of a step increase or decrease in the measured power Step detection can be set in both manual and automat...

Страница 52: ...et the average count to 256 The U2000 Series USB power sensors are designed to perform average power measurements over dynamic range of 60 dBm to 44 dBm The supported power range for each sensor model...

Страница 53: ...rating and Service Guide Agilent Technologies 3 Specifications and Characteristics Introduction 36 Specifications 38 General Characteristics 67 This chapter describes the specifications and characteri...

Страница 54: ...emperature range 0 C to 55 C unless otherwise stated Specifications quoted over a temperature range of 25 C 10 C apply to a relative humidity of 15 to 75 and conform to the standard environmental test...

Страница 55: ...eristic specifications are not verified on all power sensors The types of characteristic specifications can be placed in two groups The first group of characteristic types describes attributes common...

Страница 56: ...o 18 0 GHz 60 dBm to 20 dBm U2001A 10 MHz to 6 0 GHz U2002A 50 MHz to 24 GHz U2004A 9 kHz to 6 0 GHz U2000H 10 MHz to 18 GHz 50 dBm to 30 dBm U2001H 10 MHz to 6 GHz U2002H 50 MHz to 24 GHz U2000B 10 M...

Страница 57: ...26 U2001A 10 MHz to 30 MHz 1 15 30 MHz to 2 GHz 1 13 2 GHz to 6 GHz 1 19 U2002A 50 MHz to 2 GHz 1 13 2 GHz to 14 GHz 1 19 14 GHz to 16 GHz 1 22 16 GHz to 18 GHz 1 26 18 GHz to 24 GHz 1 30 U2004A 9 kH...

Страница 58: ...Series Operating and Service Guide SWR Plots for U2000 Series USB Power Sensors Figure 3 1 U2000A typical SWR 25 C 10 C U2001H 10 MHz to 6 GHz 1 15 U2002H 50 MHz to 8 GHz 1 15 8 GHz to 12 4 GHz 1 25...

Страница 59: ...Specifications and Characteristics 3 U2000 Series Operating and Service Guide 41 Figure 3 2 U2001A Typical SWR 25 C 10 C Figure 3 3 U2002A Typical SWR 25 C 10 C...

Страница 60: ...3 Specifications and Characteristics 42 U2000 Series Operating and Service Guide Figure 3 4 U2004A Typical SWR 25 C 10 C Figure 3 5 U2000H Typical SWR 25 C 10 C...

Страница 61: ...Specifications and Characteristics 3 U2000 Series Operating and Service Guide 43 Figure 3 6 U2001H Typical SWR 25 C 10 C Figure 3 7 U2002H Typical SWR 25 C 10 C...

Страница 62: ...3 Specifications and Characteristics 44 U2000 Series Operating and Service Guide Figure 3 8 U2000B typical SWR 25 C 10 C Figure 3 9 U2001B typical SWR 25 C 10 C...

Страница 63: ...4 GHz to 16 GHz 1 23 16 GHz to 18 GHz 1 27 U2001A 10 MHz to 30 MHz 1 21 30 MHz to 2 GHz 1 15 2 GHz to 6 GHz 1 20 U2002A 50 MHz to 2 GHz 1 15 2 GHz to 14 GHz 1 20 14 GHz to 16 GHz 1 23 16 GHz to 18 GHz...

Страница 64: ...U2000 Series Operating and Service Guide U2000H 10 MHz to 8 GHz 1 17 8 GHz to 12 4 GHz 1 26 12 4 GHz to 18 GHz 1 29 U2001H 10 MHz to 6 GHz 1 17 U2002H 50 MHz to 8 GHz 1 17 8 GHz to 12 4 GHz 1 26 12 4...

Страница 65: ...U2002H 33 dBm 2 W average 10 VDC 50 dBm 100 W peak for 1 s U2000 1B 45 dBm 30 W average 20 VDC 47 dBm 50 W peak for 1 s CAUTION The U2004A USB power sensor is DC coupled DC coupling of the input allow...

Страница 66: ...uncertainty cal factor uncertainty and power level dependent terms zero set drift and noise are excluded in this specification and specified elsewhere in this guide Model Power Level Accuracy 25 C 10...

Страница 67: ...istics 3 U2000 Series Operating and Service Guide 49 Power Accuracy Plots Average only Mode Figure 3 10 Typical power accuracy at 25 C for U2000 1 2 4A models1 2 Figure 3 11 Typical power accuracy at...

Страница 68: ...ty 1 9 At room temperature and excluding power level dependent terms zero set drift and noise Refer to Agilent Fundamentals of RF and Microwave Power Measurements Part 3 Power Measurement Uncertainty...

Страница 69: ...lects the proper power level path To avoid unnecessary switching when the power level is close to the switching point Switching Point Hysteresis is added Sensor Low Power Path High Power Path Switchin...

Страница 70: ...or is 3 dBm The hysteresis causes the low power path to remain selected until approximately 3 5 dBm has been reached As the power level increases above 3 5 dBm the high power path will be selected The...

Страница 71: ...W 10 dBm to 20 dBm 6 W 5 W 2 W 10 W Range1 Zero Set Internal Zero Set External Zero Drift2 Measurement Noise3 60 dBm to 35 dBm 2 8 nW 600 pW 200 pW 1 nW 38 dBm to 15 dBm 3 nW 1 5 nW 400 pW 1 5 nW 20 d...

Страница 72: ...hour after zero set at a constant temperature after 24 hour warm up of the power sensor 3 The number of averages at 16 for Normal speed measured over one minute interval and two standard deviations NO...

Страница 73: ...4 for the appropriate speed Normal or x2 and the number of averages to determine the total measurement noise value Table 3 4 Noise Multiplier for Average only Mode Example U2000A power sensor 60 dBm t...

Страница 74: ...480 nW 230 nW 300 nW 1 W 7 5 dBm to 2 dBm 30 W 27 W 19 W 20 W 55 W 4 dBm to 15 dBm 32 W 30 W 24 W 21 W 85 W 10 dBm to 20 dBm 270 W 200 W 110 W 180 W 550 W Range1 Zero Set Internal Zero Set External Z...

Страница 75: ...to 28 dBm 30 mW 27 mW 19 mW 20 mW 55 mW 26 dBm to 44 dBm 32 mW 34 mW 24 mW 21 mW 85 mW 1 Condition i 0 C to 55 C and ii 40 C 95 relative humidity 2 Within one hour after zero set at a constant tempera...

Страница 76: ...f averages 256 The measured power is 4 dBm thus the corresponding noise per sample is 85 W refer to the noise per sample table Use Equation 2 for measurement noise calculation The calculated measureme...

Страница 77: ...power step not across the switching point refer to Table 3 5 Table 3 5 Settling Time for Normal and x2 Speed Time U2000 Series USB Power Sensors 25 ms1 1 When a power step crosses the auto range swit...

Страница 78: ...ing power step not across the switching point 50 dBm 10 dBm 2 dBm 40 dBm 45 ms 90 ms 2 6 s 2 7 s 460 ms 2 8 s 39 s 42 s 42 s 4 dBm 10 dBm 20 dBm 30 dBm Normal Speed 45 ms 82 ms 1 3 s 1 5 s 450 ms 1 6...

Страница 79: ...ties of the CF data are listed in the following tables As the U2000 Series USB power sensors have two independent measurement paths high and low power paths there is only one set of CF data used for b...

Страница 80: ...to 30 MHz 1 8 30 MHz to 2 GHz 1 6 2 GHz to 14 GHz 2 0 14 GHz to 16 GHz 2 2 16 GHz to 18 GHz 2 2 Frequency U2001A Typical CF Uncertainty 25 C 10 C 10 MHz to 30 MHz 1 8 30 MHz to 2 GHz 1 6 2 GHz to 6 G...

Страница 81: ...z 1 8 2 GHz to 6 GHz 1 8 Frequency U2000B Typical CF Uncertainty 25 C 10 C 10 MHz to 2 GHz 1 8 2 GHz to 12 4 GHz 2 0 12 4 GHz to 18 GHz 2 2 Frequency U2001B Typical CF Uncertainty 25 C 10 C 10 MHz to...

Страница 82: ...00 Series Operating and Service Guide Frequency U2001H Typical CF Uncertainty 25 C 10 C 10 MHz to 6 GHz 2 0 Frequency U2002H Typical CF Uncertainty 25 C 10 C 50 MHz to 8 GHz 2 5 8 GHz to 12 4 GHz 2 5...

Страница 83: ...r 1 s External TTL Trigger Input Impedance 50 or 1 k Trigger low 1 1 V Trigger high 1 9 V Minimum trigger pulse width 35 ns Minimum trigger repetition period 80 ns Trigger latency 11 s 2 s Trigger Del...

Страница 84: ...applicable for U2004A Performance Maximum video bandwidth 40 kHz Minimum rise time 40 s Minimum fall time 40 s Range settling time 150 s Minimum pulse width 200 s Sampling rate 1 47 Msps Maximum captu...

Страница 85: ...mm x 46 00 mm x 35 90 mm U2002A 134 37 mm x 46 00 mm x 35 90 mm U2000 1B 308 00 mm x 115 00 mm x 84 00 mm U2000 1H 207 00 mm x 46 00 mm x 36 00 mm U2002H 164 00 mm x 46 00 mm x 36 00 mm Storage and S...

Страница 86: ...3 Specifications and Characteristics 68 U2000 Series Operating and Service Guide THIS PAGE HAS BEEN INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK...

Страница 87: ...ervice Guide Agilent Technologies 4 Service General Information 70 Performance Test 71 Replaceable Parts 74 Service 76 Troubleshooting 76 This chapter describes the performance test and provides infor...

Страница 88: ...connector Clean the connector face using a cotton swab dipped in isopropyl alcohol If the swab is too big use use a round wooden toothpick wrapped in a lint free cotton cloth dipped in isopropyl alcoh...

Страница 89: ...ations to determine a pass or fail condition The test system used must not exceed the system Rho uncertainties shown in the following tables when testing the U2000 Series USB power sensors Table 4 1 P...

Страница 90: ...easurement Maximum Rho SWR 50 MHz to 2 GHz 0 061 1 13 2 GHz to 14 GHz 0 087 1 19 14 GHz to 16 GHz 0 099 1 22 16 GHz to 18 GHz 0 115 1 26 18 GHz to 24 GHz 0 130 1 30 CAUTION DC voltages in excess of th...

Страница 91: ...lection Coefficient for the U2001B Frequency Actual Measurement Maximum Rho SWR 10 MHz to 6 GHz 0 070 1 15 Frequency Actual Measurement Maximum Rho SWR 50 MHz to 8 GHz 0 070 1 15 8 GHz to 12 4 GHz 0 1...

Страница 92: ...the quantity required and address the order to the nearest Agilent office NOTE Within the USA it is better to order directly from the Agilent Parts Center in Roseville California Ask your nearest Agil...

Страница 93: ...60006 1 U2004A replacement module 5190 0652 1 Top label for U2004A U2000B U2000 60007 1 U2000B replacement module 5190 1710 1 Top label for U2000B U2001B U2000 60009 1 U2001B replacement module 5190 1...

Страница 94: ...d to read the exact error messages which occur on the power sensor Please kindly send the power sensor back to the nearest service centre for repair Refer to the LED Indicator Guide for more informati...

Страница 95: ...the following steps Table 4 11 Disassembly Procedure CAUTION Disassemble the power sensor only in a static free workstation Electrostatic discharge renders the power sensor inoperative 1 Remove the t...

Страница 96: ...Service Guide Reassembly Procedure Tools required for reassembly Reassembly instructions The reassembly procedures are simply the reversal of the disassembly procedure Tools Purpose Qty Torque value M...

Страница 97: ...e value torque wrench To loosen the attenuator 80 lbs in wrench To prevent rotation N A NOTE The attenuator for U2000B and U2001B must not be disassembled under any circumstances except during annual...

Страница 98: ...ssembly Procedure Tools Purpose Torque value Loctite Threadlocker 242 To secure the connection between the attenuator and the sensor s connector N A torque wrench To tighten the attenuator 12 lbs in 1...

Страница 99: ...81 Agilent Technologies Agilent U2000 USB Power Sensors Operating and Service Guide Appendix Appendix A Zero Set Zero Drift and Measurement Noise 82...

Страница 100: ...2A Serial Prefix MY472 SG472 and below U2004A Serial Prefix MY474 SG474 and below Range1 1 Condition i 0 C to 55 C and ii 40 C 95 relative humidity Zero Set Zero Drift2 2 Within one hour after zero se...

Страница 101: ...66 China tel 800 810 0189 fax 800 820 2816 Europe tel 31 20 547 2111 Japan tel 81 426 56 7832 fax 81 426 56 7840 Korea tel 080 769 0800 fax 080 769 0900 Latin America tel 305 269 7500 Taiwan tel 0800...

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