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MIDI Data Format
Appendix
MIDI Data Format
1. Channel messages
1.1 Note on/note off
These messages convey keyboard performance data.
Range of note numbers transmitted and received = C-2...G8
Velocity range = 1...127 (Velocity is received only for note-on)
1.2 Control changes
These messages convey control operation information for volume or pan etc.
Their functions are differentiated by the control number (Ctrl#).
1.2.1 Bank Select
This message selects the voice bank.
Control#
Parameter
Data Range
0
Bank Select MSB
0...127
32
Bank Select LSB
0...127
The Bank Select data will be processed only after a Program Change is received, and then voice bank
will change at that time. If you wish to change the voice bank as well as the voice, you must transmit
Bank Select and Program Change messages as a set, in the following order: Bank Select MSB, LSB,
and Program Change.
1.2.2 Modulation
This message controls the depth of modulation.
Control#
Parameter
Data Range
1
Modulation
0...127
1.2.3 Portamento Time
This message controls the degree of Portamento (see 1.2.9).
Control#
Parameter
Data Range
5
Portamento Time
0...127
A value of 0 is no effect, and 127 is the longest Portamento time. No effect in Rhythm tracks.
1.2.4 Data Entry
This message sets the value of the parameter which was specified by RPN (see 1.2.17) and NRPN
(see 1.2.16) (Rhythm Track only).
Control#
Parameter
Data Range
6
Data Entry MSB
0...127
38
Data Entry LSB
0...127
1.2.5 Main Volume
This message controls the volume of each part. (It is used to adjust the volume balance between
parts.)
Control#
Parameter
Data Range
7
Main Volume
0...127
With a value of 0 there will be no sound, and a value of 127 will produce the maximum volume.
1.2.6 Panpot
This message controls the panning (stereo location) of each part.
Control#
Parameter
Data Range
10
Pan
0...64...127
0 is left, 64 is center, and 127 is right.
1.2.7 Expression
This message controls expression for each part. (It is used to create volume changes during a song.)
Control#
Parameter
Data Range
1l
Expression
0...127
1.2.8 Holdl
This message controls sustain pedal on/off.
Control#
Parameter
Data Range
64
Hold1
0...63, 64...127
(OFF, ON)
When this is ON, currently-sounding notes will continue to sound even if note-off messages are
received.
1.2.9 Portamento
This message controls Portamento pedal on/off.
Control#
Parameter
Data Range
65
Portamento
0...63, 64...127
(OFF, ON)
When ON, Portamento produces a smooth glide connecting two notes of different pitch. The time
over which the pitch changes is adjusted by Portamento Time (see 1.2.3). No effect in Rhythm tracks.
1.2.10 Sostenuto
This message controls sostenuto pedal on/off.
Control#
Parameter
Data Range
66
Sostenuto
0...63,64...127
(OFF , ON)
If sostenuto is turned on while a note is sounding, that note will be sustained until sostenuto is turned
OFF.
No effect in Rhythm tracks.
1.2.11 Release Time
This message adjusts the EG release time that was specified by the sound data.
Control#
Parameter
Data Range
72
Release Time
0...127
Synth Track only
0...64...127
Rhythm Track only
(-64...0...+63)
Since this is a relative change parameter in Rhythm track, it specifies an increase or decrease relative
to 64. Increasing this value will lengthen the release time that follows a note-off.
1.2.12 Attack Time
This message adjusts the EG attack time that was specified by the sound data.
Control#
Parameter
Data Range
73
Attack Time
0...127
Synth Track only
0...64...127
Rhythm Track only
(-64...0...+63)
Since this is a relative change parameter in Rhythm track, it specifies an increase or decrease relative
to 64. Increasing this value will make the attack more gradual, and decreasing this value will make
the attack sharper.
1.2.13 Brightness
This message adjusts the cutoff frequency of the low pass filter specified by the sound data.
Control#
Parameter
Data Range
74
Brightness
0...127
Synth Track only
0...64...127
Rhythm Track only
(-64...0...+63)
Since this is a relative change parameter in Rhythm track, it specifies an increase or decrease relative
to 64. Lower values will produce a more mellow sound.
For some sounds, the effective range may be less than the possible range of settings.
1.2.14 Decay Time
This message adjusts the EG decay time that was specified by sound data.
Control#
Parameter
Data Range
75
Decay Time
0...127
Synth Track only
It determines how long it takes for the sound changes from maximum level to sustain level.
1.2.15 Effect4 Depth
This message adjusts the Send level to Effect.
Control#
Parameter
Data Range
94
Effect4 Depth
0...127
Increasing this value will more effective.
1.2.16 NRPN (Non-registered parameter number)
Use NRPN MSB and NRPN LSB to specify the parameter that you wish to modify, and then use Data
Entry (see 1.2.4) to set the value for the specified parameter. (Rhythm Track only).
*1 See 1.2.4
1.2.17 RPN (Registered parameter number)
Use RPN MSB and RPN LSB to specify the parameter that you wish to modify.
*1 See 1.2.4
1.2.18 Others
If the Control Change IN/OUT = ALL, all following Control Change Number are transmitted and
received.
If the Control Change IN/OUT = NORM, the following Control Change Number in
are trans-
mitted and received.
NRPN
MSB LSB
Data Entry*1
MSB LSB
Parameter Name and Data Range
18H
rrH
mm
--
Drum Instrument Pitch Coarse
rr : drum instrument note number
mm : 00H - 40H - 7FH (-64...0...+63)
RPN
MSB LSB
Data Entry *1
MSB LSB
Parameter Name and Value Range
7FH
7FH
--
--
RPN Null
This empties settings from RPN and NRPN
numbers.
Internal data is not affected.
category
param
CC#
SYNTH
RHYTHM
SCENE
scene
3
-
LFO
wave
15
-
pmd
18
-
fmd
19
-
amd
80
-
speed
16
-
AEG
attack
73
-
decay
75
-
sustain
31
-
release
72
-
FEG
attack
82
-
decay
83
-
sustain
28
-
release
29
-
COMMON
key assign
8
-
9
-
portamento
5
-
ALGORITHM
type
33
-
MODULATOR
select
-
-
NOISE OSC
type
51
-
