Skymaster DVR 9200, Operating Instructions Manual

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14. SAT lexicon – Explanations of technical terms
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Multi-switches:
Multi-switches are used in SAT distribution systems (from 3 subscribers/receivers). Multi-switches have at
least 2 LNB connections for 1 double LNB (horizontal 18 V and vertical 13 V, possibly terr. input). In
digitally compatible or Multifeed systems, at least 4 LNB inputs are required: horizontal 18 V, vertical 13 V,
horizontal 18 V + 22 kHz and vertical 13 V + 22 kHz. In digital systems (for one SAT position) a Quattro
LNB is connected to these connections, in Multifeed systems two double LNBs. Multi-switches are
available for 4 and 8 subscribers. With a further multi-switch, up to 16 subscribers could be connected.
NIT:
Network Information Table: Information about reception data sometimes broadcast by programme
organisers. Serves for automatically finding all programmes broadcast by the organiser.
Polarisation (horizontal/vertical switching):
The signals coming from the satellite are broadcast in two levels. As a result, the number of receivable
programmes is practically doubled. Satellite receivers are equipped with a so-called horizontal/vertical
switching to enable selection of the two polarisation levels in the LNB. For this purpose, the two voltages
are 14 volt for vertical and 18 volt for horizontal.
Quad LNB:
For direct connection of 4 receivers. The multi-switch is already integrated.
Quattro LNB:
For digital distribution systems. LNB with four outputs for horizontal, vertical, High and Low Band.
Operation is only possible with 5/4 multi-switches.
Noise figure:
Given in dB: Specifies the quality of the amplifier used in an LNB. The smaller the value, the better the
LNB.
USALS:
„Universal Satellites Automatic Location System“. Allows automatic calculation of satellite position for
rotary satellite dish adjustment.
Satellite:
E.g. ASTRA or EUTELSAT system: The satellites are located in a geostationary orbit at a vertical height of
approx. 36,000 km above the equator.
Satellite position and illumination zones (footprints):
Most satellites are located in a geostationary orbit 36,000 km above the equator. Viewed from Europe,
these satellites are located southwards. The satellites “illuminate” different regions on the earth, similarly
to the shine from a flashlight. In the centre of this illumination zone, smaller antennae are sufficient, while
at the edges larger antennae must be installed. Reception is not possible outside these zones. Some pro-
grammes are only intended for reception in a particular country, but can be received without problem in
neighbouring countries. Bad weather conditions (snow, rain) impair reception. This impairment can be
reduced with precise antenna alignment or by using a larger antenna.