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SharkRF openSPOT, User Manual

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SharkRF openSPOT User Manual Download Page 105

DMR transceiver

104

SharkRF IP Connector Server

connector

You can use this connector to accept connections from another openSPOT
device. This connector only supports 1 active connection, so if you want to link
more than 1 device, you can use our open source 

SharkRF IP Connector

Protocol Server

. The protocol's documentation can be found on 

GitHub

, so you

can also develop your own application for the openSPOT4.

The easiest way is to use the 

Quick setup

 to set up this connector.

Make sure that the UDP port used by this connector (by default it's 65100) is
correctly set up on your router (it's open on the firewall and is forwarded to the
openSPOT4's IP address).

All modem modes are supported by this connector, with automatic cross mode
conversion between the following modes:

DMR, C4FM (DN mode) and NXDN®, and also D-STAR® with the
openSPOT4 Pro
C4FM (VW mode) and P25

Summary of Contents for openSPOT

Page 1: ......

Page 2: ...up your transceiver DMR radio setup Example configurations DMR usage notes D STAR radio setup D STAR APRS C4FM Fusion radio setup Using the Wires X button C4FM Fusion APRS NXDN radio setup P25 radio...

Page 3: ...settings P25 settings POCSAG settings Transcode gain settings Lock settings Call mute settings Beeper settings RTC settings Call audio settings Miscellaneous settings Network page Network traffic Netw...

Page 4: ...RF IP Connector Server AutoCal Advanced usage Control calls Local echo service Configuration profile query Change configuration profile Connector status query Active IP address query Battery status qu...

Page 5: ...registered trademarks of the respective company D STAR is a registered trademark of Icom Inc System Fusion is a registered trademark of Yaesu Musen Co Ltd NXDN is a registered trademark of JVC Kenwood...

Page 6: ...The openSPOT4 package contains a USB cable for charging its battery You will need a web browser on a computer tablet or mobile phone for setting up the openSPOT4 through its web interface but after t...

Page 7: ...the battery The openSPOT4 is fully functional while it is charging Powering up Power up the openSPOT4 by pressing the power button for at least 1 second If the device is running with the factory defau...

Page 8: ...called openSPOT4 AP If there is no Wi Fi network called openSPOT4 AP then make sure the openSPOT4 is in AP mode status LED is flashing white You can switch between AP and normal mode anytime by press...

Page 9: ...row of the desired Wi Fi network Enter the Wi Fi network password in the Network key dialog make sure you enter the password case sensitive then click on the dialog s Connect button The openSPOT4 star...

Page 10: ...ll automatically switch back to AP mode indicated by flashing white LED after 1 minute If this happens then re do the steps above and verify that the Wi Fi password is entered correctly Quick Setup in...

Page 11: ...our transceiver Set some basic settings like the frequency and select the network you want to connect this will set which connector will be used Select the server to connect set the needed network par...

Page 12: ...rs section below Take a look at the example channel configurations D STAR radio setup Set the radio to single frequency mode If you want to use a reflector set the URCALL on your radio to CQCQCQ and t...

Page 13: ...openSPOT4 s RAN by default it s 0 it can be changed on the Settings page NXDN settings section Create a contact with private call to ID 9999 which is the openSPOT4 s built in local echo service Make...

Page 14: ...ncy and other settings can be changed on the Settings page POCSAG settings section Make sure you set the RIC s in your pager s configuration to the address es you want to receive messages on See the D...

Page 15: ...DMR transceiver 14 Example DMR radio channel configurations Hytera Motorola...

Page 16: ...DMR transceiver 15 Tyt...

Page 17: ...DMR transceiver 16...

Page 18: ...roup linked either dynamically or statically means that stations which have the same linked talkgroup will receive all usually group calls sent to that talkgroup Dynamic talkgroups You can link a TG d...

Page 19: ...MR transceiver 18 Static talkgroups on DMRplus IPSC other networks You can define what TGs to link statically at the DMRplus options section at the bottom of the Homebrew MMDVM connector settings page...

Page 20: ...receive all calls from the reflector also to TG9 Reflectors on the BrandMeister Network Reflectors have been turned off on the BrandMeister Network since 2020 Most servers already have them disabled U...

Page 21: ...ly then the server will forward group calls coming from other stations repeaters hotspots gateways going to DMR ID 969 to your openSPOT4 Your openSPOT4 will transmit it on RF and your radio will recei...

Page 22: ...e aprs fi Setting up the APRS connection First you have to set up the APRS special connector using the openSPOT4 s Quick Setup Make sure you check the Enable in background checkbox You don t need to c...

Page 23: ...the Connectors page open the APRS connector settings and enable forced SSID symbol comment You can also set the APRS symbol and SSID in your transceiver without using forced settings on the web inter...

Page 24: ...openSPOT 2 Everything described here apply both to the openSPOT2 and openSPOT4 The openSPOT4 displays the currently active configuration profile number at the bottom right corner of the FT2D s display...

Page 25: ...ted To switch to an entry select it using the dial and press PTT for a short time or just tap on it in case you have a touch display Note that the openSPOT4 does not check server online count that s w...

Page 26: ...connect to YSFReflector servers directly if you know the desired server s ID Select the Search Direct option then select the Search Direct button then select the ID button Enter the server ID and then...

Page 27: ...ategories The openSPOT4 will automatically switch to the saved server s connector in case it s needed Adding a server Select the server name on the main Wires X screen the option at the bottom This wi...

Page 28: ...ts saved servers To switch to a server select it using the dial and press PTT for a short time or just tap on it in case you have a touch display Deleting renaming You can delete a server from a categ...

Page 29: ...DMR transceiver 28 You can rename a category also in this Wires X menu...

Page 30: ...e aprs fi Setting up the APRS connection First you have to set up the APRS special connector using the openSPOT4 s Quick Setup Make sure you check the Enable in background checkbox You don t need to c...

Page 31: ...DIGITAL LOCATION SERVICE and select ON Now your radio will transmit location information during your calls if it has a GPS fix and you hold the PTT for at least 2 3 seconds The openSPOT4 will automat...

Page 32: ...ce of the LEDs may differ from what is displayed below Status LED Factory default configuration access point AP mode initializing This LED state is shown when the openSPOT4 is running with the factory...

Page 33: ...will show this state if you ve connected your browser device phone tablet computer to the openSPOT4 s own Wi Fi network called openSPOT4 AP openSPOT4 is trying to connect to a Wi Fi network Connectin...

Page 34: ...the selected server and is standing by openSPOT4 is connected to the Wi Fi network but there s a problem with the internet connection The LED will show this state if the openSPOT4 is connected to a W...

Page 35: ...valid sequence number received indicating packet loss Modem receiving Hardware error If you see this LED state then please refer to the troubleshooting section for help Power LED The power LED is stea...

Page 36: ...t If the openSPOT4 is turned on then the power LED will blink white while the power button is held The blink interval indicates how much time is left until the power button press is confirmed Confirma...

Page 37: ...e openSPOT4 s Wi Fi access point AP mode If the openSPOT4 is turned on then the Wi Fi LED will blink white while the Wi Fi button is held The blink interval indicates how much time is left until the W...

Page 38: ...m Click on the Add to Home Screen button Other ways to open the web interface You can also open the web interface by entering http openspot4 local or http openspot4 or the openSPOT4 s IP address into...

Page 39: ...start a call to the IP address query ID by default it s 9997 On Android and iOS phones you can use MDNS Bonjour and network discovery applications A recommended app for Android is Fing Network Tools...

Page 40: ...he device s IP address on the Network page Current configuration section The current battery charge status is shown right next to the hostname Additional battery charge information is shown if the mou...

Page 41: ...mation about configuration profile switching The openSPOT4 s current status is displayed at the middle of the footer The Advanced mode checkbox is at the right of the footer If this is checked all adv...

Page 42: ...an get more information about an ID or callsign if you hover the mouse over it Each call log entry has information about the call at the top right corner of the entry bubble BER is displayed in percen...

Page 43: ...t browsers and make sure they are updated to the latest version Browsers reduce CPU allowance on non active tabs after a while The tab of the web interface must be kept active otherwise the audio will...

Page 44: ...nformation is shown if the mouse is hovered over the charge percent or the charge percent is clicked Note that the displayed battery charge percentage and the remaining battery charge discharge time i...

Page 45: ...transmit If the queue s length is too long the delay can be uncomfortably high You can use this graph to set a proper dejitter queue length There should be at least a few packets in the dejitter queue...

Page 46: ...the server list Note that these custom servers are stored in the browser s local storage they won t show up using another browser Some connectors have a Keepalive interval setting This means the serv...

Page 47: ...he Null connector after the last received call minimum timeout value is 5 minutes For example if you set a timeout of 600 seconds openSPOT4 will change to the Null connector if there is no call receiv...

Page 48: ...Half Deviation modem mode Frequency The Modem receive frequency offset setting can be used to correct the frequency difference RX offset between the openSPOT4 and the used transmitter This setting is...

Page 49: ...while the CW ID is transmitted Before the openSPOT4 starts to transmit the CW ID it waits at least TX delay seconds after the last received call An incoming call both from a radio or from the network...

Page 50: ...earity of the filters which may result in incorrectly demodulated bits which means increased BER By default filter gain is set to 8 The modem s AGC Auto Gain Control is configured by software for opti...

Page 51: ...on in individual profiles There are 5 of them and profile 1 is active by default Initially all configuration profiles have the factory default settings You can switch between them on the web interface...

Page 52: ...interface password is stored for each profile separately Firmware upgrade The openSPOT4 will automatically check for firmware upgrades periodically as specified by the Check interval setting only ava...

Page 53: ...ime announcement will be skipped so it won t interfere with ongoing calls If you enable Advanced mode the following settings will show up You can shorten profile announcements by checking the Shortene...

Page 54: ...er then the Default cross mode source DMR ID will be used for the outgoing DMR call If you are the only person using the openSPOT4 set this to your DMR ID and then you don t need to change the callsig...

Page 55: ...ot available If Advanced mode is enabled the following settings show up If a call is received by the modem to the Echo callsign then the openSPOT4 s built in local echo service gets activated It will...

Page 56: ...lowercase characters on their displays and space characters prevent the radio from saving the current server to a category Don t send automatic Wires X connect messages the openSPOT4 automatically se...

Page 57: ...specifies the DGID to use in cross mode calls sent to the network Some servers change linked rooms depending on this value NXDN settings The modem will only process NXDN calls with a matching Radio Ac...

Page 58: ...the Default cross mode source P25 ID will be used for the outgoing P25 call If you are the only person using the openSPOT4 set this to your DMR P25 CCS7 ID and then you don t need to change the calls...

Page 59: ...econds long The openSPOT4 will only start transmitting POCSAG messages if the current timeslot is allowed Transcode gain settings openSPOT4 Pro only This section is only available if Advanced mode is...

Page 60: ...openSPOT4 s modem will only allow calls originating from the given IDs or callsigns Call mute settings This section is only available if Advanced mode is enabled These settings allows you to mute call...

Page 61: ...SPOT4 will beep the modem mode s name in Morse code when it is changed Call audio settings openSPOT4 Pro only If the Do not play audio from modem setting is enabled and call audio playback is enabled...

Page 62: ...e If the Unlink when power button pressed 3 times setting is enabled this is only visible if Advanced mode is enabled and the power button is pressed 3 times quickly then the openSPOT4 will do the fol...

Page 63: ...ection quality is determined by the openSPOT4 by periodically measuring the network latency You can get the measured latency value by hovering the mouse above or clicking on the quality display circle...

Page 64: ...default which means anyone on the local network can open it You can set a password by entering it in the Change web int password input field To reset the original behavior and clear the password click...

Page 65: ...Fi network s DHCP server is used for synchronizing but if the DHCP server does not advertise an NTP server the host set at the NTP server setting will be used Note The web interface loads the time fro...

Page 66: ...one of the 5 available Wi Fi network slots If you are manually adding a connection to an iPhone s shared internet connection then make sure you copy and paste the phone s Wi Fi SSID as the iPhone use...

Page 67: ...is checked If the openSPOT4 can t connect to a server for ex the openSPOT4 shows connector connecting after switching D STAR reflectors from your radio but it can connect using the web interface other...

Page 68: ...on is visible Disable the openSPOT4 s AP mode by holding the button for 3 seconds or by clicking the Disable Wi Fi AP button at the top of the Network page The openSPOT4 will connect to the captive po...

Page 69: ...creen width enough width the Tools page gets hidden and side panels will show up on the web interface On small screens they are hidden and their contents can be found on the Tools page Quick call The...

Page 70: ...group call to a talkgroup ID will link that TG On the BrandMeister network reflectors are unlinked by starting a private call to ID 4000 and both reflectors and talkgroups are unlinked by starting a g...

Page 71: ...rs and you can interrupt the currently ongoing call A BrandMeister API key is needed to use the BMM You can get the API key by clicking on the Get key button and logging into the BrandMeister SelfCare...

Page 72: ...ID it s 9999 by default will be echoed back to the sender Note that the openSPOT4 only stores the last received message so you have to keep open this page in your browser to receive more than one mess...

Page 73: ...ive DMR SMS messages from the network you have to set the Source ID to the DMR ID you set at the connector settings or if you want to use another ID then you have to start a short call from that DMR I...

Page 74: ...I Note that sometimes the DAPNET API server does not respond to message send requests and times out but correctly processes received messages APRS chat You can send and receive messages via the APRS n...

Page 75: ...if the entered callsign does not match the entered ID according to the database This is to prevent typos or invalid IDs when trying to connect to a network as most servers do not allow connections wi...

Page 76: ...ve a web interface password by default so the login page is not displayed initially You can set a login password on the Network page Network settings section If you check the Remember me checkbox the...

Page 77: ...DMR transceiver 76 Null connector The Null connector is a special connector as its name says it does not connect anywhere This is the default active connector when the openSPOT4 is unconfigured...

Page 78: ...or password but some servers do not use these defaults In this case take a look at the BrandMeister wiki or ask the server s admin for the password if the openSPOT4 won t connect with the default one...

Page 79: ...RCALL to CQCQCQ Examples 2161005P private call to 2161005 216G group call to 216 216 group call to 216 if there s no G character then the call type is set to group call DTMF codes you can start a shor...

Page 80: ...ork You can update the Route cross mode calls to ID with a C4FM radio using DTMF codes You can start a short private call to an ID by entering the Special command cross mode private call DTMF code by...

Page 81: ...after it is connected to the server so the currently active TG reflector will be unlinked This is useful if you only want to use a talkgroup but the server always links you to a reflector automaticall...

Page 82: ...r settings DMR ID field like this 216100501 and 216100502 on the other hotspot BrandMeister will automatically link you as 2161005 with SSID 01 and 02 This way you don t need multiple DMR IDs for mult...

Page 83: ...notes openSPOT4 Pro only You can switch reflectors with a D STAR radio using two methods Set the reflector ID as the D STAR radio s URCALL then start a short call After the short call set back the UR...

Page 84: ...eways using your radio URCALL your call method You can switch reflectors using your radio by starting a short call to their names as the destination callsign URCALL like DCS001 A or XLX001 A Set the d...

Page 85: ...ches to NXDNReflector 28299 America Ragchew Switching to NXDNReflector servers this way changes the openSPOT4 s active connector to the NXDNReflector connector DTMF method Here are some example DTMF c...

Page 86: ...ver type module number or server type server number module number Server type can be 1 REF 2 XRF 3 XLX 4 DCS Module number is the remote module and it is always 2 digits long 01 is module A 02 is modu...

Page 87: ...de then the destination callsign URCALL of calls coming from your transceiver will be automatically set to CQCQCQ If the REF XRF connector list is set to Gateways mode then the URCALL will be automati...

Page 88: ...ervers this way changes the openSPOT4 s active connector to the Homebrew MMDVM connector FCS set the URCALL to the FCS server and room number Example starting a call to destination callsign URCALL FCS...

Page 89: ...hing to a reflector using your radio Cross mode usage openSPOT4 Pro only The REF XRF connector is a D STAR connector but it supports DMR C4FM and NXDN cross modes with the openSPOT4 Pro Server change...

Page 90: ...rver type 4 DCS number 9 and module 01 which is A ID 4812 will connect to DCS008L server type 4 DCS number 8 and module 12 which is L ID 10103 will connect to REF001C server type 1 REF number 01 and m...

Page 91: ...D list then they will be sent to the server The server will link the specified DGIDs rooms if it supports this functionality Note that the server may override the Room number setting if the DGID list...

Page 92: ...ample starting a call to destination callsign URCALL FCS00199 switches to FCS001 room 99 Switching to FCS servers this way changes the openSPOT4 s active connector to the FCS connector YSFReflector se...

Page 93: ...transceiver 92 Some examples ID 5 will connect to the current server s room 5 ID 99 will connect to the current server s room 99 ID 205 will connect to FCS002 room 5 ID 314 will connect to FCS003 room...

Page 94: ...ult it s or the Cross mode group call DTMF code by default it s followed by the desired server s ID 5 digits You can also use the Wires X button menu of your radio to select search for servers Cross m...

Page 95: ...to the FCS server and room number Example starting a call to destination callsign URCALL FCS00199 switches to FCS001 room 99 Switching to FCS servers this way changes the openSPOT4 s active connector...

Page 96: ...n t hear incoming calls on your radio If you use cross modes then send your calls as a group call to the talkgroup ID otherwise the server will ignore your calls If you use a DMR radio then make sure...

Page 97: ...itching to BrandMeister servers this way changes the openSPOT4 s active connector to the Homebrew MMDVM connector FCS set the URCALL to the FCS server and room number Example starting a call to destin...

Page 98: ...for the radio s current channel otherwise you won t hear incoming calls on your radio Rerouting can be useful if you can t modify your radio s configuration you don t have a programming cable or softw...

Page 99: ...VW Voice Wide mode on your C4FM radio otherwise your calls sent to the server will be silent You can switch P25Reflector servers with your C4FM radio by entering the Special command cross mode privat...

Page 100: ...or supports the POCSAG modem protocol which is the protocol used by pagers You can find more information about POCSAG and DAPNET here The openSPOT4 acts as a transmitter on DAPNET so make sure you use...

Page 101: ...s enabled Note that not all ROT1 encoded messages can be recognized automatically so there can be received messages which won t be automatically decoded You can specify 8 RICs IDs in POCSAG terminolog...

Page 102: ...round checkbox is checked which means you can use the openSPOT4 the same way as before with another active connector but it will function also as an APRS client The openSPOT4 will automatically receiv...

Page 103: ...able forwarding incoming APRS chat messages to your POCSAG receiver by setting a RIC at Send incoming messages to POCSAG RIC If Advanced mode is enabled then you can set forced a SSID symbol and APRS...

Page 104: ...o use the Quick setup to connect to a SharkRF IP Connector server If you want to connect directly to another openSPOT or openSPOT4 make sure that the another device is set up as the server and the UDP...

Page 105: ...found on GitHub so you can also develop your own application for the openSPOT4 The easiest way is to use the Quick setup to set up this connector Make sure that the UDP port used by this connector by...

Page 106: ...adio s transmit frequency then click on the Save button Hold the PTT button on your radio until all 3 phases are completed The found RX offset will be displayed at the Last found offset field and it w...

Page 107: ...to 99 Note that only about 5 10 seconds can be recorded and played back by the local echo service supported echo duration depends on the used modem mode Current configuration profile query The curren...

Page 108: ...Voice announcements section Active IP address query The active IP address can be queried by calling the following IDs callsigns DMR NXDN and P25 ID 9997 Both private and group calls are interpreted D...

Page 109: ...vate call DTMF code by default it s is entered followed by DTMF codes CD The current time will be announced by voice The DMR NXDN P25 time query ID can be changed on the Settings page Voice announceme...

Page 110: ...You can use your NXDN transceiver to access D STAR DMR C4FM networks You can use your P25 transceiver to access C4FM networks A software based conversion method is used for the following cross modes...

Page 111: ...lls Using a C4FM network After you ve set up and activated the C4FM connector switch the modem to DMR mode Only calls in DN Digital Narrow mode will be converted to your DMR radio If someone transmits...

Page 112: ...destination DMR ID is out of the NXDN ID range 0 65535 In this case the Default cross mode destination ID will be used for the NXDN call The destination and source DMR IDs for an incoming NXDN call wi...

Page 113: ...odes on the C4FM network you will hear silence on your D STAR radio If there s an incoming call from the C4FM network and the incoming call s source callsign can be found in the callsign database then...

Page 114: ...DMR transceiver 113 source NXDN ID as text...

Page 115: ...set to the ID associated with the source callsign If there s no ID associated then the source callsign will be parsed into a number and this will be used as the source DMR ID If it can t be parsed in...

Page 116: ...viation mode if your radio needs that Only calls in VW Voice Wide mode will be converted if you transmit in other modes P25 users will only hear silence The source P25 ID of your calls from the C4FM r...

Page 117: ...the selective call list or SelCall is turned off or it s the TX contact of the current channel Using a DMR network After you ve set up and activated the DMR connector switch the modem to NXDN mode The...

Page 118: ...ign for cross mode calls If this is not set your outgoing callsign will be your radio s NXDN ID as text An incoming call s source NXDN ID will be set to the ID associated with the source callsign If t...

Page 119: ...callsign for cross mode calls If this is not set your outgoing callsign will be your radio s P25 ID as text An incoming call s source P25 ID will be set to the ID associated with the source callsign...

Page 120: ...ample You can use the following settings for opening the serial port but in theory any configuration would work baud rate 115200 8 data bits no parity bits 1 stop bit The openSPOT4 s serial console do...

Page 121: ...nSPOT4 can be reset to factory defaults if you click on the Reset all config profiles button at the bottom of the Settings page or you hold the Wi Fi button for at least 30 seconds until the LED turns...

Page 122: ...the device You can see the list of LED states on this page The openSPOT4 can t connect to the Wi Fi network only if the status LED is flashing blue for a longer period of time at least 30 seconds If y...

Page 123: ...atus LED means that the openSPOT4 s built in AP access point mode is enabled In this mode the openSPOT4 broadcasts its own Wi Fi network called openSPOT4 AP indicated by white LED You can connect to t...

Page 124: ...ct same Wi Fi network as you ve configured for the openSPOT4 and use SharkRF Link to open its web interface If it does not work then make sure Wi Fi client isolation is turned off in your Wi Fi router...

Page 125: ...ID 2 Make sure you enter passwords case sensitive If you use an iPhone then Make sure you use the Save button at the Wireless scan list to save the iPhone s Wi Fi network to SSID 2 as it contains a sp...

Page 126: ...our radio and the openSPOT4 example set it to the default 1 Make sure the talkgroup you want to hear is set as the TX contact of your DMR radio s currently active channel or the talkgroup is in an RX...

Page 127: ...e color code CC match in your radio and the openSPOT4 example set it to the default 1 C4FM radio The DGID is set to the same value both in your radio and the openSPOT4 example set it to the default 0...

Page 128: ...rver password is set correctly in case there s a server password and that your connector settings are valid example if there s a callsign setting make sure your callsign is valid if there s a DMR CCS7...

Page 129: ...a frames but this can t be done in real time VoIP streams so the packet loss issue becomes instantly noticable Only channels 1 6 or 11 should be used see explanation here Try using a different Wi Fi r...

Page 130: ...30 minutes then turn the device on with the power button If it still does not power on hold the power button for at least 7 seconds to perform a hard reboot If it still does not turn on then use the...

Page 131: ...be garbled This browser behavior cannot be changed If the audio becomes garbled activate the tab and or reload the web interface to fix it Battery depletes too quickly Please make sure to charge the b...

Page 132: ...eive transmit frequency range 421 458 MHz JP 430 440MHz TW 430 432MHz Receiver sensitivity between 433 434MHz Gaussian 2FSK 114 dBm 9 6 kbps Raised Cosine 4FSK 109 dBm 9 6 kbps Oscillator frequency st...

Page 133: ...ers for their continuous work Lajos Horv th HA5OGR Istv n Sz raz HA7PTY Everyone who use beta firmwares and help us finding bugs by reporting them in email or on our community forum To the SharkRF Tea...

Page 134: ...HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT TORT OR OTHERWISE ARISING FROM OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN TH...

Page 135: ...and use in source and binary forms with or without modification are permitted provided that the following conditions are met Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice this...

Page 136: ...IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE spin js The MIT License Copyright c 2011 2015 Felix Gnass fgnass at gmail dot com Permission is hereby granted free of cha...

Page 137: ...aul Brewer KI6CQ License MIT License http opensource org licenses MIT or CC BY SA Javascript routines to convert from lat lon to Maidenhead Grid Squares typically used in Ham Radio Satellite operation...

Page 138: ...3 Joe Walnes 2013 2018 Drew Noakes Permission is hereby granted free of charge to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files the Software to deal in the Software w...

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