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Scanning Techniques

9.1.1 Super Sensor Training Marks

With the Super Sensor it is very important to make sure that it is not rotated during the scan. A useful

training tool is to put additional marks on the Super Sensor. This will allow others who are watching the
operator better recognize a twist while it is in motion.

By putting several lines or marks on the Super Sensor (a colored electrical tape as example), others can

easily see if the unit is being rotated. The user has the arrow on the top of the Super Sensor to aid in
keeping the unit straight.

OKM GmbH

www.okmmetaldetectors.com

Illustration 9.2: Add additional marks to the Super Sensor aids in

the scan.

Summary of Contents for eXp 4500

Page 1: ...FS Future Series eXp 4500NT Version 1 5 User s Manual ...

Page 2: ...ranty In no circumstances OKM takes responsibility for lost profits usage or data losts interruption of business activities or all kind of other indirectly damages which developed because of errors in this documentation This instruction manual and all other stored media which are delivered with this package should only be used for this product Program copies are allowed only for security and savet...

Page 3: ...2 2 2 2 Update USB drivers on Windows Vista 24 2 2 3 Uninstall USB drivers on Windows Vista 28 2 3 Windows 7 29 2 3 1 Install USB drivers on Windows 7 29 2 3 2 Uninstall USB drivers on Windows 7 34 3 Technical Specifications 35 3 1 eXp 4500 Control Unit 36 3 2 Computer Minimum Requirements not included 36 3 3 FS Thermoscan 36 3 3 1 Laser Pointer 36 3 3 2 Measurement Readings 37 3 4 Super Sensor 37...

Page 4: ...6 Thermo Scan 71 7 6 1 Control Elements of FS Thermoscan 72 7 6 1 1 Side View 72 7 6 1 2 Front View 73 7 6 2 Calibration of the FS Thermoscan 73 7 6 3 Using the FS Thermoscan 74 7 7 Thermo Graph 75 7 8 Settings 76 7 9 Exit 77 8 Field procedure 79 8 1 6 Major Rules to Follow 80 8 2 General scanning procedure 81 8 2 1 Scan Mode 81 8 2 2 Regulation of the number of impulses per scanning path 82 8 3 S...

Page 5: ...5 9 2 Control Scans 93 OKM GmbH www okmmetaldetectors com ...

Page 6: ...4 Illustration 2 19 Update USB drivers on Windows Vista Step 3 25 Illustration 2 20 Update USB drivers on Windows Vista Step 4 25 Illustration 2 21 Update USB drivers on Windows Vista Step 5 26 Illustration 2 22 Update USB drivers on Windows Vista Step 6 26 Illustration 2 23 Update USB drivers on Windows Vista Step 7 27 Illustration 2 24 Uninstall USB drivers on Windows Vista Step 1 28 Illustratio...

Page 7: ...57 Illustration 7 15 eXp 4500 Main Menu 58 Illustration 7 16 Tunnel Scan 59 Illustration 7 17 Automatic or Manual selection screen 59 Illustration 7 18 Tunnel shown in multi line scan 60 Illustration 7 19 Customer submitted tunnel found in Turkey 60 Illustration 7 20 Single line method used to locate tunnel 61 Illustration 7 21 Mineral Scan 64 Illustration 7 22 Automatic or Manual selection screen...

Page 8: ...rting position of a scan area 81 Figure 8 2 Scan modes to measure an area 82 Figure 8 3 Effects of changing the number of impulses and their distance 83 Figure 8 4 Comparison of low and high number of impulses 83 Figure 8 5 Different walking speeds during scanning 84 Illustration 9 1 Position of Super Sensor 90 Illustration 9 2 Add additional marks to the Super Sensor aids in the scan 91 Illustrat...

Page 9: ...1 Introduction CHAPTER 1 Introduction ...

Page 10: ... research that you will be successful and have a find The recognition of hidden and buried objects depends on a huge number of factors As you well may know there are different soil types all over the world with different levels of natural attenuation Variable soil properties can and will hamper and alter ultimate scan measurements Areas where there is an extreme amount of ground water varying clay...

Page 11: ...erviceable parts on the inside of the unit 1 2 2 Possible Health Hazards If used properly this device normally does not pose any health hazards According to current scientific knowledge the high frequency signals are not harmful to the human body on account of their low power 1 2 3 Surrounding Area When moving this unit from a cold place to a warmer place watch out for condensation Do not immediat...

Page 12: ...teries and accumulators are fully charged Also allow the batteries to completely discharge before recharging them regardless if you are working with the external battery or with internal accumulators This way your batteries will have a long and durable life To charge the external and internal batteries use only the approved chargers which are part of our scope of delivery 1 4 Danger of Explosion d...

Page 13: ...nents have been rusting away in the course of time and the slightest movement may cause parts of them to break and be triggered Even seemingly harmless objects such as cartridges or large ammunition are anything but that Explosives may have become crystalline over time that is sugar like crystals have formed Moving such an object may cause those crystals to produce friction leading to an explosion...

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Page 15: ...Uninstall USB drivers on Windows In this chapter you will learn how to install the USB drivers that are necessary to transfer data from the machine to your computer software Please make sure to read the proper section appropriate to your Windows operating system ...

Page 16: ... 2 17 appears on your screen If your Windows XP has Service Pack 2 installed you will see the dialog from figure 2 2 if Windows Update has to search for drivers up to date Mark entry No not this time and click on Next In other versions of Windows this window should not appear In the following dialog window like figure 2 3 select the entry Install software from a list and click Next OKM GmbH www ok...

Page 17: ...ile Therefore click on Data carrier Immediately another window appears where you click on the button Search Then select the file OKM_LE INF which you can find in the directory drivers usb_cable of your software CD Afterwards you have to click on Open OK and Next to start the installation of the files OKM GmbH www okmmetaldetectors com Illustration 2 3 Install USB drivers Windows XP Step 3 Illustra...

Page 18: ... message like in figure 2 6 will appear on your computer screen Now the drivers of your device are installed and you can transfer data to your PC OKM GmbH www okmmetaldetectors com Illustration 2 5 Install USB drivers Windows XP Step 5 Illustration 2 6 Install USB drivers Windows XP Step 6 ...

Page 19: ... please click on Start control panel like represented in figure 2 7 After that a dialog like in figure 2 8 appears There you can find the entry system and click twice on it The dialog from figure 2 9 appears on your screen Click on the tab hardware and after that the button device manager OKM GmbH www okmmetaldetectors com Illustration 2 7 Uninstall USB drivers Windows XP Step 1 Illustration 2 8 U...

Page 20: ... available USB devices will be shown Mark the device which you like to delete which means eXp 4500 Additionally the device may be listed as OKM Quick Link Then click on the button Alternatively you can select the entry Uninstall in the menu Action OKM GmbH www okmmetaldetectors com Illustration 2 9 Uninstall USB drivers Windows XP Step 3 Illustration 2 10 Uninstall USB drivers Windows XP Step 4 ...

Page 21: ...rom figure 2 11 appears Click there on the button OK Now all drivers will be deleted from your computer If needed you can now install the USB driver again correctly OKM GmbH www okmmetaldetectors com Illustration 2 11 Uninstall USB drivers Windows XP Step 5 ...

Page 22: ...ndows Vista is relatively simple After you have connected the device with your computer switch it on and the message from figure 2 12 appears on your screen Click on Locate and install driver software recommended At the next window shown in figure 2 13 click on Don t search online OKM GmbH www okmmetaldetectors com Illustration 2 12 Install USB drivers Windows Vista Step 1 Illustration 2 13 Instal...

Page 23: ...allation has finished the completion screen from figure 2 15 is displayed Press Close to close this window Now you have completed the installation of the USB drivers in Windows Vista which will be confirmed by presenting the message from figure 2 16 OKM GmbH www okmmetaldetectors com Illustration 2 14 Install USB drivers Windows Vista Step 3 Illustration 2 15 Install USB drivers Windows Vista Step...

Page 24: ...pen up the Device Manager of Windows Vista Therefore press the Windows start button and click on Control Panel At the next screen shown in figure 2 18 select View hardware and devices which can be found on the bottom of the left sidebar OKM GmbH www okmmetaldetectors com Illustration 2 17 Update USB drivers on Windows Vista Step 1 Illustration 2 18 Update USB drivers on Windows Vista Step 2 ...

Page 25: ...next to this device will depend on the device attached In this example the device was an eXp 4500 device Right click on the device eXp 4500 in this example to bring up a menu as shown below From the displayed menu select Update Driver Software which then displays the option for an automatic or manual search Select the second option to browse manually OKM GmbH www okmmetaldetectors com Illustration...

Page 26: ... the exact same location as shown in the screenshot of figure 2 32 After entering the drivers location select Next to start the installation When the installation has finished the completion screen from figure 2 31 is displayed Press Close to close this window and go back to the Device Manager OKM GmbH www okmmetaldetectors com Illustration 2 21 Update USB drivers on Windows Vista Step 5 Illustrat...

Page 27: ...ce under Universal Serial Bus Controllers indicated in the screenshot below as OKM Quick Link The USB drivers are correctly updated installed now and you can close the Device Manager window OKM GmbH www okmmetaldetectors com Illustration 2 23 Update USB drivers on Windows Vista Step 7 ...

Page 28: ...clicking on the mouse and selecting Uninstall This will delete the associated registry entries for that device only Windows Vista provides an automatic method to delete driver files via check box Delete the driver software for this device on the uninstall dialog box Just mark the check box and click OK to remove the installed USB drivers of your device OKM GmbH www okmmetaldetectors com Illustrati...

Page 29: ...dows 7 is now trying to install the latest USB drivers and displays the message from figure 2 26 Shortly after this Windows 7 will bring up a new message as shown in figure 2 27 to inform you about the fact that it could not install any drivers for your device successfully Press the Windows 7 start button to bring up the start menu and select Control Panel as shown in figure 2 1 OKM GmbH www okmme...

Page 30: ...e control panel window you have to select Hardware and Sound At the next screen shown in figure 2 20 select Device Manager which can be found under Devices and Printers OKM GmbH www okmmetaldetectors com Illustration 2 29 Install USB drivers on Windows 7 Step 4 Illustration 2 30 Install USB drivers on Windows 7 Step 5 ...

Page 31: ...ached In this example the device was an eXp 4500 device Right click on the other device eXp 4500 in this example to bring up a menu as shown below From the displayed menu select Update Driver Software which then displays the option for an automatic or manual search Select the second option to browse manually OKM GmbH www okmmetaldetectors com Illustration 2 31 Install USB drivers on Windows 7 Step...

Page 32: ...ily the exact same location as shown in the screenshot of figure 2 30 After entering the drivers location select Next to start the installation When the installation has finished the completion screen from figure 2 28 is displayed Press Close to close this window and go back to the Device Manager OKM GmbH www okmmetaldetectors com Illustration 2 33 Install USB drivers on Windows 7 Step 8 Illustrat...

Page 33: ... device under Universal Serial Bus Controllers indicated in the screenshot below as OKM Quick Link The USB drivers are correctly installed now and you can close the Device Manager window OKM GmbH www okmmetaldetectors com Illustration 2 35 Install USB drivers on Windows 7 Step 10 ...

Page 34: ...t clicking on the mouse and selecting Uninstall This will delete the associated registry entries for that device only Windows 7 provides an automatic method to delete driver files via check box Delete the driver software for this device on the uninstall dialog box Just mark the check box and click OK to remove the installed USB drivers of your device OKM GmbH www okmmetaldetectors com Illustration...

Page 35: ...3 Technical Specifications CHAPTER 3 Technical Specifications ...

Page 36: ...No Data Transmission Technology USB Maximal Data Transmission Rate 115200 Baud 3 2 Computer Minimum Requirements not included Processor minimum 1 5 GHz CD ROM Drive minimum 4x Port Data Transmission USB Free Memory minimum 50 MB Working Memory RAM minimum 256 MB Graphic Card minimum 128 MB OpenGL compatible Operating System Windows XP Windows Vista Windows 7 Windows 8 Windows 10 3 3 FS Thermoscan ...

Page 37: ...gy TCFX 01 A 3 5 GPR 25 cm Length 25 cm Weight about 400 g Receiver Dual Geophysical Phase Reader EMSR Sensor technology TCFX 01 A 3 6 GPR 50 cm Length 50 cm Weight about 490 g Receiver Dual Geophysical Phase Reader EMSR Sensor technology TCFX 01 A 3 7 GPR 75 cm Length 75 cm Weight about 620 g Receiver Dual Geophysical Phase Reader EMSR Sensor technology TCFX 01 A 3 8 GPR 100 cm Length 100 cm Weig...

Page 38: ...38 Technical Specifications Receiver Dual Geophysical Phase Reader EMSR Sensor technology TCFX 01 A OKM GmbH www okmmetaldetectors com ...

Page 39: ...4 Scope of Delivery CHAPTER 4 Scope of Delivery ...

Page 40: ... incl carrying strap 1 1 Wireless Headphones 1 1 Telescopic rod assembly for GPR antenna 1 1 Power Pack with charger and travel adapter 1 2 GPR antenna 25 cm 1 1 Joystick 1 1 User s manual 1 1 Carrying case 1 2 3D Software Visualizer 3D 1 1 USB cable 1 1 Super sensor 1 1 FS Thermoscan optional 1 GPR antenna 50 cm optional 1 GPR antenna 75 cm optional 1 GPR antenna 100 cm optional 1 Antenna for tun...

Page 41: ...5 Assembly CHAPTER 5 Assembly This section explains how to assemble the eXp 4500 and to prepare the unit for operation ...

Page 42: ...t has a red color on the control unit and a red connector OKM GmbH www okmmetaldetectors com Illustration 5 2 Connection of probe Step 1 Connect the probe which you would like to use to the control unit Regardless of which probe you are using you will always use the same plug for each probe You can only use one probe at a time for one measurement Illustration 5 1 Rear View of eXp 4500 Antenna Conn...

Page 43: ...you can put it in your pocket Now you should power on the device by using the Power On Off button Illustration 5 4 Connection of joystick Step 3 If you are going to be conducting a scan in Manual mode plug in the joystick to the control unit In the event that the Joystick is not available the Power On button can also be used Simply press the Power on button to execute the measurement ...

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Page 45: ...ments CHAPTER 6 Control Elements In this section you will learn more about the fundamental use of all control elements for the eXp 4500 measuring instrument All connections inputs and outputs are explained in detail ...

Page 46: ...nas like the 25 cm GPR probe have to be connected via the T mount to the Telescopic rod assembly Vertical probes like the Super Sensor can simply be held in your hand OKM GmbH www okmmetaldetectors com Illustration 6 1 Control unit with standard GPR probe and Super Sensor Headphones Control unit External power supply Supersensor T mount GPR probe 25 cm Carrying strap Telescopic rod assembly ...

Page 47: ...tored 6 2 1 Front View Figure 6 2 shows the front side of the control unit with its control elements All the functions are controlled by the Multi Function Control Knob To operate the device rotate the knob to the desired function and push down on the knob to select OKM GmbH www okmmetaldetectors com Illustration 6 2 Control unit front view Multi Function Control Knob Display Carrying strap ...

Page 48: ... connect the Power Pack Align the marking points on the Power Pack connector with the marking points on the device to insert the plug Red connector to Red plug The probe connector is used to connect all the probes Align the marking points on the probe connector with the marking points on the device to insert the plug Black connector to Black plug Via the connector for the USB cable the device can ...

Page 49: ...7 Operating Modes CHAPTER 7 Operating Modes In this section you will learn more about the different operating modes of the eXp 4500 Every function is explained in its proper subsection ...

Page 50: ...give the exact position of the detected anomaly Magnetometer Search an area with the integrated magnetometer Tunnel Scan Ground measurement to detect tunnels voids and other cavernous anomalies Mineral Scan Ground measurement for the detection of naturally occurring mineralization Thermo Scan In Thermo Scan you can create graphical infrared images to visualize the distribution of temperatures of a...

Page 51: ... was created at 1 5 m 4 feet deep after a couple of seasons the hole will appear to be over 2m 6 ft in diameter at the surface Start with a scan that has an impulse approximately every 30 cm 60 cm 1 foot to 2 feet forward and to the sides Don t go too fine on the first scans until you have a possible anomaly Look for the holes Usually without a hole you could be looking at mineralization In the fi...

Page 52: ... impulses and use it for all further scan lines on the same scan By selecting the value 5 m 10 m 20 m or 50 m you can preset the distance or the number of impulses you need in one measured line Impulse Mode Automatic Manual This is the mode that determines how the measurement points will be recorded Automatically or Manually For the smooth and flat terrain most use the Automatic Mode for rough ter...

Page 53: ...dy to start your first scan line now Rotate the multi function control knob and select Yes As soon as you depress the knob it is important to begin walking immediately for the eXp 4500 is now recording data As soon as your first scan line is finished a new message will appear where you have to select Yes if you want to scan another line of your field Repeat this procedure until your complete area ...

Page 54: ...ew Ground Scan Detail The selected measurement will be displayed and built line for line as the scan was taken To speed up the viewing process rotate the multi function control knob View Ground Scan Quick View The selected measurement will be displayed immediately and will not show the building of the data line for line Delete Ground Scan The current selected measurement will be deleted if you con...

Page 55: ...red to a computer Each of the various functions have their own memory which is allocated To delete for example all ground scans click on the Ground Scan operating mode and then select Delete All Ground Scans To confirm the deletion of the scans you will have to select Yes in the following message box see illustration 7 10 This procedure is also available for the following operating modes with allo...

Page 56: ...aintain You can walk as you wish in every direction It is still important that the antenna must always remain in the same direction This operating mode is most effective after you have already detected a possible object and now want to know more details about it The Super Sensor should point vertical towards the ground It should not be turned or pivoted Now you can slowly move the Super Sensor fro...

Page 57: ...7 13 represents a signature of a non ferrous target You can recognize that there is only a positive amplitude red Additionally to the main amplitude there is another small peak which is typically for precious metals Also here the order of amplitude and the small peak is not important and depends on the scan direction The last of the typical signatures is represented in figure 7 14 It is the signat...

Page 58: ...ted magnetometer will be adjusted to the current ground value of the antenna location Activate the Magnetometer only above a neutral soil Afterward all the signals that go in the upward direction red are the positive magnetic poles on a ferromagnetic object and all the signals that go downward blue are the negative magnetic poles When activating the Magnetometer mode be sure that you are not above...

Page 59: ... is now recording data 7 4 2 Browse Tunnel Scans The option Browse Tunnel Scans is working accordingly to section 7 1 2 Browse Ground Scans on page 54 7 4 3 Delete All Tunnel Scans The option Delete All Tunnel Scans is working accordingly to section 7 1 3 Delete All Ground Scans on page 55 7 4 4 Scan Technique When looking for tunnels voids or caverns below the surface the procedure is basically t...

Page 60: ...used The first scanning method is the Parallel method which is explained earlier in this manual When using this method the Ground Scan function will be used The second method is the Single line method Selecting the Tunnel Scan will create the precedence to conduct only a single line The scan line starts at the beginning and at the end of the line the scan can be saved into the internal memory A mu...

Page 61: ...the scan the antenna is held at the same height The speed or distance between impulses needs to be the same Changing the speed will result in an inaccurate scan Complete the control scan A control scan is a repeat of a scan using all the exact same parameters When all the scanning is done correctly conducting the data analysis is much easier The single line method is also a very accurate way of lo...

Page 62: ...s is also known as control scans A note to remember is that the bigger the tunnel opening or void is the deeper the tunnel can be detected If the tunnel is very small then the maximum depth will be decreased and may be difficult to find The depth of a tunnel cannot be accurately determined The Visualizer 3D software is designed to measure depth starting from the surface disturbance to the object i...

Page 63: ...ate data Be sure to always work with data that can be repeated More information under control scans at page 93 The Visualizer 3D software or the OKM line of geophysical equipment can not identify element specific materials minerals or items that occur naturally in the ground It can identify and locate the presence of ferrous non ferrous fracture zones and other naturally occurring anomalies The ac...

Page 64: ...neral Scans is working accordingly to section 7 1 2 Browse Ground Scans on page 54 7 5 3 Delete All Mineral Scans The option Delete All Mineral Scans is working accordingly to section 7 1 3 Delete All Ground Scans on page 55 7 5 4 Scan Technique The following technique applies only to the Mineral Scan mode with the Super Sensor 1 Ensure that all batteries and power packs have enough of a charge to...

Page 65: ...to use the Manual mode Attempt to maintain the height between 5 cm and 10 cm 2 to 5 above the ground with no more than a 5 cm 2 variance during the scan to receive a good measurement changing the height of the Super Sensor may give you a false reading 8 The dialog window Do you want to start the scan now will appear Click on Yes to begin scanning Start moving forward as soon as the button is pushe...

Page 66: ... computer you will now see a scan that is a straight line This scan is now ready to begin the analysis To see the differences within the scan rotate it to the side OKM GmbH www okmmetaldetectors com Illustration 7 24 Visualizer 3D Screen shot Illustration 7 25 Side View of Scan Area ...

Page 67: ...re the computer can be shaded from most of the natural light to better recognize the colors The image is from practical experience in the field Practical experience and the repeatability factor from several locations world wide have made this color the one to watch for within the scans As stated previously it is not an easy to recognize color OKM GmbH www okmmetaldetectors com Illustration 7 26 Na...

Page 68: ...ry typical and occurs quite often when working with minerals located within hard rock After an initial area has been located to determine the size of the field or potential mineral field then a conventional scan as stated in section Ground Scan on page 51 needs to be conducted When conducting a conventional scan be very careful to not rotate the antenna Rotational errors are very easily done and c...

Page 69: ...found These particular examples are from a user in North Sudan These additional examples yielded gold that was embedded in the rock alongside with quartz and black sand OKM GmbH www okmmetaldetectors com Illustration 7 29 Shows a weak signal which can be smaller or deeper Illustration 7 30 Measure value indicating a non ferrous anomaly ...

Page 70: ... the desired position using the arrow keys on the keyboard In Illustration 7 31 Position of anomaly with distance you can see in the bottom left hand corner the distance is being shown The beginning of a scan is normally always on the bottom right hand side of the software window The positioning line was put into place using the arrow keys Afterward the signal position can be found using simple di...

Page 71: ... you confirm this question with Yes you will first enter into the Thermo Graph operating mode to calibrate the FS Thermoscan After you finished the calibration of the device depress the multi function control knob Now you have to start to scan the field Therefore you have two possibilities Scan the area as usual In this method the FS Thermoscan has to be used like a conventional antenna Hold the F...

Page 72: ... ground and does not allow any indications about depth Warm areas are represented in red color and cold areas are shown in blue colors If you are searching for cavities and are using the above explained measurement principles you have to inspect especially the blue color parts inside your graphic 7 6 1 Control Elements of FS Thermoscan 7 6 1 1 Side View Grip The grip is used to hold the device dur...

Page 73: ...easurement So the device can be aligned to the current temperature differences 7 6 2 Calibration of the FS Thermoscan The Power ON OFF Button For Laser Pointer is used to switch off and on the laser pointer which is situated on the upper side of the control unit With its help it is possible to do accurate measurements Via the Analog Display the current measure value is represented The deflection o...

Page 74: ...than in areas where a void is situated under the surface During the night the ground emit the saved heat to the environment During this process areas with subterranean caves tunnels or boxes achieve faster the balance of temperature with the surrounding atmosphere Thereby a cold zone arise on the surface of the ground on this position where the cavity is situated under the ground Like explained ab...

Page 75: ... will be determined and all following measured values will be indicated as a deflection to the right increasing temperature or a deflection to the left decreasing temperature Trend Chart The trend chart on the upper part of the monitor show differences in temperature also in a date back period of about 10 seconds In this way differences in temperature can be represented visually The operating mode...

Page 76: ...le German English French Spanish Arabic Farsi Russian Bulgarian Turkish Greek Dutch Chinese Date Here you can set the day month and year Time Set Time Volume Set Volume Restore Factory Defaults OKM GmbH www okmmetaldetectors com Abbildung 7 41 Settings Menu Illustration 7 40 Language Icon Illustration 7 42 Date icon Illustration 7 43 Time Icon Illustration 7 44 Volume Icon Illustration 7 45 Reset ...

Page 77: ... your device It is important to use the Exit function Do not power off the eXp 4500 by turning off the power pack select only the exit icon Powering off the power pack may cause damage to the unit OKM GmbH www okmmetaldetectors com Illustration 7 46 Exit Icon ...

Page 78: ......

Page 79: ...ield procedure CHAPTER 8 Field procedure This chapter gives practical instructions about the general procedure of scanning an area The different scanning methods and procedures will be explained in detail ...

Page 80: ...during a scan line must remain the same When in Manual mode the distance between the impulses must be the same 4 Keep each scan line Straight Walk straight not in a curve This is done very easily by NOT looking at the antenna or the unit and looking at a target that is further away Constantly watching the antenna or unit will make you walk in circles 5 Be sure that your scans are large enough to s...

Page 81: ...point for your measurement by yourself The scanning paths may be referred as Zig Zag or Parallel traverses Also the number of impulses measure points which are recorded during one scanning path can be adjusted individually depending on the size of your scan area length of scanning path 8 2 1 Scan Mode There are two general techniques to surveying an area with the eXp 4500 Zig Zag The starting posi...

Page 82: ...easure area If you mostly look for smaller targets than you should also select a smaller distance between the lines A standard rule is The smaller the distance between the paths the more accurate your scans will be When you are conducting your first scans the lines should not be to close together to locate possible targets 8 2 2 Regulation of the number of impulses per scanning path It is possible...

Page 83: ...ion will be If you are looking for small objects you have to select a smaller distance for big objects you can increase the distance between the impulses Figure 8 3 shows the effects of the distance and the number of impulses per scanning path for some objects Figure 8 4 shows the difference between very few impulses left side and much more impulses right side on the same length of scanning path T...

Page 84: ...al notes for field procedure There are some aspects which you should take note of when conducting scans In principle a scan is only as good as the path that was taken Making errors while scanning will show up in the final graphical representation also as an error This will cause frustration and lost time Before you start with a measurement in the field you should think of what you are looking for ...

Page 85: ... the same distance to the ground Generally we recommend a height of about 5 10 cm from the surface of the ground if possible In the event that you are going to go over stones wood or high grass that is higher start your scan with the sensor higher right from the beginning In circumstances like these then perhaps you will need to start the scan with the probe at a height of 2 feet 50 cm and keep it...

Page 86: ...soil and creates some kind of noise Usually the buried object has a weaker signature than the unnatural noise and therefor is not detectable Initial scan images will not show the buried item but visualize the noisy area in blue or green colors After the item has been seasoned meaning it has been in the ground for a complete cycle of seasons usually a year the noise is reduced and the signature of ...

Page 87: ...d the targets can be situated 3x deeper than indicated Farmland is another area to take note of In modern farms so many nutrients and fertilizers are introduced creating an unnatural area of mineralization Rocky mountainous areas Areas with many mountains are also riddled with patches of mineralization Mountainous areas are created from faults in the earth and this is probably the biggest area for...

Page 88: ......

Page 89: ...ques CHAPTER 9 Scanning Techniques Here you can find additional information on accessories that can compliment the basic unit Keep in mind that the mentioned accessories are not included in the normal scope of delivery ...

Page 90: ... operating modes Ground Scan Pin Pointer Magnetometer Mineral Scan To use the Super Sensor with the eXp 4500 simply connect it to the main unit Always hold the antenna vertical to the ground in your hand whereby the cable should come out at the upper end of the antenna The figure 9 1 shows how the Super Sensor has to be correctly held The Super Sensor should not be swung nor change height either u...

Page 91: ... allow others who are watching the operator better recognize a twist while it is in motion By putting several lines or marks on the Super Sensor a colored electrical tape as example others can easily see if the unit is being rotated The user has the arrow on the top of the Super Sensor to aid in keeping the unit straight OKM GmbH www okmmetaldetectors com Illustration 9 2 Add additional marks to t...

Page 92: ... the antenna still In Illustration 9 3 is an example of how the Super Sensor should be held Hold the Super Sensor with a grip that is not too strong When holding it at the top it will automatically find the correct position of vertical When the grip is too strong then the Super Sensor will not be vertical and it can be uneven like those on the right side of the image The orientation of the antenna...

Page 93: ...for naturally occurring mineral fields This is done by doing the first scan completely At the end of the line either download the existing data to the laptop or change to another control chip only for certain detectors available Many users will have multiple control chips for their unit to conduct more scans over a given area without having to download the data after measurement There is a couple ...

Page 94: ... It is imperative that the EXACT SAME STARTING POINTS and the EXACT SAME STOPPING POINTS are used If the same points are not used then the scans will potentially have errors from the beginning When looking for naturally occurring mineralization and deposits thereof the slightest variable can make the difference in an accurate detection When looking for traditional buried objects this method is als...

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