NETGEAR RO318 Reference Manual Download Page 8

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viii

Contents

Netmask .................................................................................................................. B-4

Subnet Addressing .................................................................................................. B-5

Private IP Addresses ............................................................................................... B-7

Single IP Address Operation Using NAT ................................................................. B-8

MAC Addresses and Address Resolution Protocol ................................................. B-9

Domain Name Server .............................................................................................. B-9

IP Configuration by DHCP .................................................................................... B-10

Internet Security and Firewalls .................................................................................... B-10

What is a Firewall? ................................................................................................ B-10

Stateful Packet Inspection ......................................................................................B-11

Denial of Service Attack .........................................................................................B-11

Ethernet Cabling .......................................................................................................... B-12

Uplink Switches, Crossover Cables, and MDI/MDIX Switching ............................ B-12

Cable Quality ......................................................................................................... B-13

Glossary

Index

Summary of Contents for RO318

Page 1: ...SM RO318NA 0 March 2001 NETGEAR Inc 4500 Great America Parkway Santa Clara CA 95054 USA Phone 1 888 NETGEAR Reference Guide for the Model RO318 Cable DSL Security Router...

Page 2: ...a residential installation This equipment generates uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions may cause harmful interference to rad...

Page 3: ...trictions Please refer to the notes in the operating instructions Federal Office for Telecommunications Approvals has been notified of the placing of this equipment on the market and has been granted...

Page 4: ...iv...

Page 5: ...hernet 1 4 TCP IP 1 4 Easy Installation and Management 1 5 Maintenance and Support 1 5 Chapter 2 Setting Up the Hardware Package Contents 2 1 Local Network Hardware Requirements 2 2 PC Requirements 2...

Page 6: ...taining ISP Configuration Information Windows 3 8 Obtaining ISP Configuration Information Macintosh 3 9 Ready for Configuration 3 9 Chapter 4 Basic Configuration of the Router Configuring for Internet...

Page 7: ...nd Password 6 7 Using the Default Reset button 6 7 Chapter 7 Troubleshooting Basic Functioning 7 1 PWR LED Not On 7 1 Test LED Never Blinks or LED Stays On 7 2 LNK ACT LEDs Not On 7 2 Troubleshooting...

Page 8: ...and Address Resolution Protocol B 9 Domain Name Server B 9 IP Configuration by DHCP B 10 Internet Security and Firewalls B 10 What is a Firewall B 10 Stateful Packet Inspection B 11 Denial of Service...

Page 9: ...ased Setup Wizard third screen 4 6 Figure 5 1 LAN Setup Menu 5 3 Figure 5 2 Port Forwarding Menu 5 6 Figure 5 3 Static Route Summary Table 5 8 Figure 5 4 Static Route Entry and Edit Menu 5 9 Figure 5...

Page 10: ...x...

Page 11: ...figuration fields 5 2 Table 5 2 DHCP Setup Fields 5 4 Table 5 3 LAN TCP IP Setup Fields 5 4 Table 5 4 Port Table Entries Example 5 7 Table 5 5 Edit IP Static Route Fields 5 9 Table 6 1 System Status f...

Page 12: ...xii...

Page 13: ...cations As you read this document you may be directed to various RFC documents for further information An RFC is a Request For Comment RFC published by the Internet Engineering Task Force IETF an open...

Page 14: ...Reference Guide for the Model RO318 Cable DSL Security Router xiv About This Guide For more information about IP address translation refer to RFC 1631 The IP Network Address Translator NAT...

Page 15: ...rl C Two or more keys that must be pressed simultaneously are shown in text linked with a plus sign ALL CAPS DOS file and directory names Special Message Formats This guide uses the following formats...

Page 16: ......

Page 17: ...ering options plus browsing activity reporting and instant alerts via e mail Parents and network administrators can establish restricted access policies based on time of day URL and URL keywords and s...

Page 18: ...uting Dynamic extended Network Address Translation NAT with port forwarding for operation with a single static or dynamic IP address Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol DHCP server for dynamically ass...

Page 19: ...g from outside the LAN are discarded preventing users outside the LAN from finding and directly accessing the PCs on the LAN Port Forwarding with NAT Although NAT prevents Internet locations from dire...

Page 20: ...to share an Internet account using only a single IP address which may be statically or dynamically assigned by your Internet service provider ISP This technique an extension of Network Address Transl...

Page 21: ...your router from almost any type of personal computer such as Windows Macintosh or Linux A user friendly Setup Wizard is provided and online help documentation is built into the browser based Web Mana...

Page 22: ...Reference Guide for the Model RO318 Cable DSL Security Router 1 6 Introduction...

Page 23: ...DSL Security Router AC power adapter 12 V DC output Category 5 Cat 5 Ethernet cable straight through wiring white Model RO318 Resource CD including This guide Application Notes RO318 Cable DSL Securit...

Page 24: ...of PCs each PC must have the following An installed Ethernet Network Interface Card NIC A connection to the network via a hub or switch If all PCs on the network will not run at the same speed 10 Mbps...

Page 25: ...l Activity Description PWR Power On Off Power is supplied to the router Power is not supplied to the router TEST On Off Blinking The system is not ready or has failed to start up The system is ready a...

Page 26: ...h 12 VDC power adapter outlet Internet Ethernet port for connecting the router to a cable or DSL modem Eight Local Ethernet ports for connecting the router to the local PCs Factory Default Reset pushb...

Page 27: ...or crossover Ethernet cable Because the Model RO318 router is capable of automatically sensing the polarity of the Ethernet connection you can connect to the other hub s normal or uplink port using a...

Page 28: ...lying power to the router complete the following steps to verify that power is correctly applied 1 When power is first applied verify that the PWR LED is on 2 Verify that the TEST LED begins to blink...

Page 29: ...twork must have TCP IP installed and selected as the networking protocol Note In this chapter we use the term PC to refer to personal computers in general and not necessarily Windows computers Most op...

Page 30: ...up For a detailed explanation of the meaning and purpose of these configuration items refer to Appendix B Networks Routing and Firewall Basics The Model RO318 router is shipped preconfigured as a DHCP...

Page 31: ...a Click the Add button b Select Adapter and then click Add c Select the manufacturer and model of your Ethernet adapter and then click OK If you need TCP IP a Click the Add button b Select Protocol a...

Page 32: ...esses you can configure your PCs by following these steps 1 Install TCP IP on each PC leaving the PC configured to obtain configuration settings automatically by DHCP 2 Physically connect the PCs and...

Page 33: ...r The window is updated to show your settings which should match the values below if you are using the default TCP IP settings that NETGEAR recommends The IP address is between 192 168 0 2 and 192 168...

Page 34: ...ured and has rebooted you can check the TCP IP configuration by returning to the TCP IP Control Panel From the Apple menu select Control Panels then TCP IP The panel is updated to show your settings w...

Page 35: ...ation that the single PC would normally use When the router s WAN port is connected to the broadband modem the router appears to be a single PC to the ISP The router then allows the PCs on the local n...

Page 36: ...ioned above you may need to collect configuration information from your PC so that you can use this information when you configure the Model RO318 router Following this procedure is only necessary whe...

Page 37: ...rmation you need to configure the router for Internet access 1 From the Apple menu select Control Panels then TCP IP The TCP IP Control Panel opens which displays a list of configuration settings If t...

Page 38: ...Reference Guide for the Model RO318 Cable DSL Security Router 3 10 Preparing Your Network...

Page 39: ...have a web browser program installed such as Microsoft Internet Explorer or Netscape Navigator Because the Configuration Manager uses Java your Web browser must be Java enabled and support HTTP uploa...

Page 40: ...Router A login window opens as shown in Figure 4 1 below Figure 4 1 Login window This screen may have a different appearance in other browsers 5 Type admin in the User Name box 1234 in the Password bo...

Page 41: ...nce Guide for the Model RO318 Cable DSL Security Router Basic Configuration of the Router 4 3 6 In the opening screen shown in Figure 4 2 select WIZARD SETUP Figure 4 2 Browser based configuration mai...

Page 42: ...nd Domain Name as shown in Figure 4 3 below Figure 4 3 Browser based Setup Wizard first screen These parameters may be necessary to access your ISP s services such as mail or news servers If you leave...

Page 43: ...enter these additional parameters If your connection supports multiple ISPs enter the Service Name of the one you use Otherwise leave Service Name blank Enter the PPPoE login user name and password pr...

Page 44: ...pe as either RR Manager or RR Toshiba Enter these additional parameters If your cable modem is Toshiba select RR Toshiba Otherwise select RR Manager Enter the user name and password provided by your I...

Page 45: ...e PC you are now using should already appear If this is not the PC whose MAC address is to be used enter that PC s IP address Some ISPs will register the Ethernet MAC address of the network interface...

Page 46: ...er interface From the subheadings shown click on Security The tabs described below contain the settings for the security features E Mail In order to receive logs and alerts by email you must provide y...

Page 47: ...og Specifies the time of day to send the log Relevant when the log is sent daily Time Zone Specify your local time zone and click Apply This setting will be used for the blocking schedule and also for...

Page 48: ...rd XXX is specified the web address http www badstuff com xxx html is blocked If the keyword com is specified only websites with other domain suffixes such as edu or gov can be viewed If you wish to b...

Page 49: ...you to specify one Trusted Host which is a PC that will be exempt from blocking and logging Since the Trusted Host will be identified by an IP address you should configure that PC with a fixed IP addr...

Page 50: ...om the Internet Up to 128 entries are stored in each log Click the button for the log you wish to view Log entries are described in Table 4 1 Table 4 1 Content Filter Log entry descriptions Field Desc...

Page 51: ...ed Packet Information For each event the following information is provided Source IP address From Destination IP address To Protocol for example TCP or UDP Source port number Destination port number R...

Page 52: ...Reference Guide for the Model RO318 Cable DSL Security Router 4 14 Basic Configuration of the Router...

Page 53: ...s System Tab The System Tab contains fields for setting the System Host Name and Domain Name These parameters may be necessary to access your ISP s services such as mail or news servers System Name Th...

Page 54: ...mic DNS are shown in Table 5 1 Password Select the Password tab to change your router s management password This is the password to access the router for configuration not for Internet access To chang...

Page 55: ...erver allowing them to assign IP DNS and default gateway addresses to attached PCs The assigned default gateway address is the LAN address of the router IP addresses will be assigned to the attached P...

Page 56: ...0 0 the router assigns its own address as DNS Server and performs a DNS Proxy if it can obtain a DNS address from the ISP Secondary DNS Server If you want the router to assign the Secondary DNS Server...

Page 57: ...ves Usually you should leave this parameter at the default None RIP Version This field determines the format and broadcasting method of any RIP Routing Information Protocol transmissions by the router...

Page 58: ...nu Requested services are identified by port numbers in an incoming IP packet For example a packet that is sent to the external IP address of your router and destined for port number 80 is an HTTP Web...

Page 59: ...access this server from the Internet the remote user must know the IP address that has been assigned by your ISP If this address is 172 16 1 23 for example an Internet user can access your Web server...

Page 60: ...Menu If one local PC acts as a game or videoconference host enter its IP address as the default Static Routes The fourth feature category under the Advanced heading is Static Route which allows config...

Page 61: ...r deactivate this static route Destination IP Address Enter the IP network address of the final destination Routing is always based on network number If you need to specify a route to a single host us...

Page 62: ...ess a device on the 134 177 0 0 network your router will forward your request to the ISP The ISP forwards your request to the company where you are employed and the request will likely be denied by th...

Page 63: ...e would look like Figure 5 5 Figure 5 5 Static Route Example In this example The Destination IP Address and IP Subnet Mask fields specify that this static route applies to all 134 177 x x addresses Th...

Page 64: ...Reference Guide for the Model RO318 Cable DSL Security Router 5 12 Advanced Configuration of the Router...

Page 65: ...be found by clicking on the Maintenance heading in the Main Menu of the browser interface System Status The System Status menu provides a limited amount of status and usage information From the Main...

Page 66: ...Mask This field displays the IP Subnet Mask being used by the Internet WAN port of the router DHCP If set to None the router is configured to use a fixed IP address on the WAN or to use PPPoE If set...

Page 67: ...rt TxPkts The number of packets transmitted on this port since reset or manual clear RxPkts The number of packets received on this port since reset or manual clear Collisions The number of collisions...

Page 68: ...d in FLASH memory and can be upgraded as new software is released by NETGEAR Upgrade files can be downloaded from Netgear s website If the upgrade file is compressed ZIP file you must first extract th...

Page 69: ...sections Restore and Backup the Configuration The Restore and Backup tabs in the Maintenance menu allow you to save and retrieve a file containing your router s configuration settings To save your set...

Page 70: ...ram follow these steps 1 Download and unzip the new software file from NETGEAR 2 Rename the new software file to ras with no extension 3 Use your FTP client to establish an FTP connection to the route...

Page 71: ...ctory defaults in several ways Use the Erase function of the Web Manager see Erase the Configuration on page 6 5 Upload the default config file romfile0 318 which can be found on the Model RO318 Resou...

Page 72: ...nue to hold the Default Reset button The TEST LED will begin to blink then will flicker very quickly after about 10 or 15 seconds This indicates that the defaults have been restored and the router is...

Page 73: ...AN and WAN Ethernet connections are correctly made to operational devices each LNK or LNK ACT LED should be on If a LAN Ethernet port is connected to a device that operates at 100 Mbps the 100 LED sho...

Page 74: ...Default Reset button on page 6 7 If the error persists you might have a hardware problem and should contact technical support LNK ACT LEDs Not On If either the LAN LNK ACT LED or WAN LNK LED does not...

Page 75: ...CK is off when entering this information Try quitting the browser and launching it again If your router s IP address has been changed and you don t know the current IP address clear the router s confi...

Page 76: ...router is still unable to obtain an IP address from the ISP the problem may be one of the following Your ISP may require a login program Ask your ISP whether they require PPP over Ethernet PPPoE or a...

Page 77: ...rk Using a Ping Utility Most TCP IP terminal devices and routers contain a ping utility that sends an echo request packet to the designated device The device then responds with an echo reply Troublesh...

Page 78: ...in the previous section are displayed If you do not receive replies Check that your PC has the IP address of your router listed as the default gateway If the IP configuration of your PC is assigned by...

Page 79: ...curity Router General Specifications Network Protocol and Standards Compatibility Data and Routing Protocols TCP IP RIP 1 RIP 2 DHCP PPP over Ethernet PPPoE Power Adapter North America 120V 60 Hz inpu...

Page 80: ...95 by 7 1 by 1 4 in Weight 1 1 kg 2 5 lb Environmental Specifications Operating temperature 0 to 40 C Operating humidity 90 maximum relative humidity noncondensing Electromagnetic Emissions Meets requ...

Page 81: ...link such as a cable or DSL modem In order to make the best use of the slower WAN link a mechanism must be in place for selecting and transmitting only the data traffic meant for the Internet The fun...

Page 82: ...oss the world every machine on the Internet must have a unique address to make sure that transmitted data reaches the correct destination Blocks of addresses are assigned to organizations by the Inter...

Page 83: ...cluding network and host sections of the address for each address type Figure B 1 Three Main Address Classes The five address classes are Class A Class A addresses can have up to 16 777 214 hosts on a...

Page 84: ...nd host address is implied by the class This partitioning scheme can also be expressed by a netmask associated with the IP address A netmask is a 32 bit quantity that when logically combined using an...

Page 85: ...C addresses For example the IP address of 172 16 0 0 is assigned but node addresses are limited to 255 maximum allowing eight extra bits to use as a subnet address The IP address of 172 16 97 235 wou...

Page 86: ...255 255 255 240 The following table displays several common netmask values in both the dotted decimal and the masklength formats Note The number 192 68 135 127 is not assigned because it is the broadc...

Page 87: ...mple when using NAT you can assign any IP addresses to the hosts without problems However the IANA has reserved the following three blocks of IP addresses specifically for private networks 10 0 0 0 10...

Page 88: ...etworked PCs to share an Internet account using only a single IP address which may be statically or dynamically assigned by your ISP The router accomplishes this address sharing by translating the int...

Page 89: ...work All stations on the network receive and read the request The destination IP address for the chosen station is included as part of the message so that only the station with this IP address respond...

Page 90: ...irewalls When your LAN connects to the Internet through a router an opportunity is created for outsiders to access or disrupt your network A NAT router provides some protection because by the very nat...

Page 91: ...ection an incoming packet is intercepted at the network layer and then analyzed for state related information associated with all network connections A central cache within the firewall keeps track of...

Page 92: ...the perspective of the PC which is wired as Media Dependant Interface MDI In this wiring the PC transmits on pins 1 and 2 At the hub the perspective is reversed and the hub receives on pins 1 and 2 Th...

Page 93: ...a crossover cable the orange and blue pairs will be exchanged from one connector to the other Auto MDI MDI X switching Some Ethernet switch products such as the Model RO318 router are able to sense th...

Page 94: ...Reference Guide for the Model RO318 Cable DSL Security Router B 14 Networks Routing and Firewall Basics...

Page 95: ...main Name Server A Domain Name Server DNS resolves descriptive names of network resources such as www NETGEAR com to numeric IP addresses Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol DHCP An Ethernet protocol...

Page 96: ...r Most Significant Byte MRU See Maximum Receive Unit Maximum Receive Unit The size in bytes of the largest packet that can be sent or received Most Significant Bit or Most Significant Byte The portion...

Page 97: ...on IP source and destination addresses Routing Information Protocol A protocol in which routers periodically exchange information with one another so that they can determine minimum distance paths be...

Page 98: ...Reference Guide for the Model FR314 Cable DSL Firewall Router 4 Glossary...

Page 99: ...4 2 5 7 2 B 13 customer support iii D default reset button 6 7 denial of service attack B 11 DHCP 1 4 5 3 B 10 DHCP Client ID 3 6 DHCP Setup 5 4 DHCP status 6 2 DMZ 1 3 5 7 DNS Proxy 1 4 5 4 DNS serv...

Page 100: ...figuring for IP networking 3 5 DHCP Client ID 3 6 Obtaining ISP Configuration Information 3 9 MDI MDI X wiring B 12 Metric Static Route menu 5 10 Multicast 5 5 N NAT See Network Address Translation NE...

Page 101: ...d 4 1 spoof MAC address 7 4 stateful packet inspection 1 3 B 11 Static Routes 5 8 subnet addressing B 5 subnet mask 3 8 3 9 B 5 T TCP IP configuring for network 3 1 network troubleshooting 7 5 TCP IP...

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