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Mantracourt Electronics Limited

 T24 Technical Manual 

 

86

Path Loss at 2.4GHz 

 
Free Space Path Loss in dB = 32.4+20Log

10

 d 

Where d = Free space path length in metres 
 

Path length  
(metres) 

Loss 
(dB) 

Path length 
(metres) 

Loss 
(dB) 

Path length 
(metres) 

Loss 
(dB) 

Path length 
(metres) 

Loss 
(dB) 

46.37 

70 

69.30 

135 

75.00 

200 

78.42 

10 

52.40 

75 

69.90 

140 

75.32 

205 

78.63 

15 

55.92 

80 

70.46 

145 

75.62 

210 

78.84 

20 

58.42 

85 

70.98 

150 

75.92 

215 

79.04 

25 

60.35 

90 

71.48 

155 

76.20 

220 

79.24 

30 

61.94 

95 

71.95 

160 

76.48 

225 

79.44 

35 

63.28 

100 

72.40 

165 

76.74 

230 

79.63 

40 

64.44 

105 

72.82 

170 

77.00 

235 

79.82 

45 

65.46 

110 

73.22 

175 

77.26 

240 

80.00 

50 

66.37 

115 

73.61 

180 

77.50 

245 

80.18 

55 

67.20 

120 

73.98 

185 

77.74 

250 

80.35 

60 

67.96 

125 

74.33 

190 

77.97 

255 

80.53 

65 

68.65 

130 

74.67 

195 

78.20 

260 

80.69 

 
These figures are for free-space path loss only, when estimating signal power at the receiver input, take the sum 
of all the gains and then subtract the sum of all the losses. 
 

Summary of Contents for T24-AO1

Page 1: ...T24 Technical Manual Programming guide advanced documentation User Manual www mantracourt co uk...

Page 2: ...To ID 9 Command 9 Write 9 Packet Type 9 To ID 9 Command 9 Data Type 9 Responses to Read and Write 10 ACK 10 Packet Type 10 From ID 10 RSSI 10 CV 10 Packet Type 11 From ID 11 Data Type 11 RSSI 11 CV 1...

Page 3: ...ery Life 28 See Appendix B Acquisition Module Battery Life Non Strain Gauge Input 28 Antennas 28 T24 IA 4 20mA Current Acquisition 29 Overview 29 Communications 29 Parameter List 29 Data Provider Form...

Page 4: ...der Simple 46 Overview 46 Communications 46 Parameter List 46 Power Supply 47 Installation 48 T24 HA Handheld Reader Advanced 49 Overview 49 Automatic Pairing 49 Manual Configuration 49 Available Mode...

Page 5: ...79 Data Provider Control Interface DPCI Advanced 79 Manual Implementation 79 Example 80 Base Station Assisted 80 Examples 80 Cancelling 81 Appendix B 82 Radio Range 82 Example 1 82 Example 2 82 Examp...

Page 6: ...acourt Electronics Limited T24 Technical Manual 5 CE 95 FCC 95 Industry Canada 95 OEM Reseller Marking and Documentation Requirements 96 FCC 96 IC 96 CE 96 Worldwide Regional Approvals 97 Important No...

Page 7: ...s 1 Byte 1 Byte CRC calculated on this part Length refers to this section This Transport Packet is used to carry the Data Packets into and out of the target device via the base station Where Length by...

Page 8: ...tion Error Bit indicated an error is present This is set and reset by the device which will include this information in the packet sent to the module LoBatt Bit indicated a low battery This is set and...

Page 9: ...red By using a Data Tag we only need to change this tag on the replacement device and the rest of the system will work as required Status The bit values in this byte are used to indicate certain thing...

Page 10: ...any supported data format to any other data format parameter but some formats are not very suitable i e You can write an INT32 formatted value to a parameter that is just a UINT8 but if the value exce...

Page 11: ...Type From ID RSSI CV 07 00 00 00 00 00 Packet Type This is 0x7 hex 7 decimal and may have higher bits set which indicate Error Low Battery and Broadcast From ID This contains the ID of the device that...

Page 12: ...display as ASCII text 4 Binary unprintable Unprintable characters 5 Hex Best represented as hex 6 Bit Map 10110101 Each bit value should be shown 7 Percent Numeric or string value has a value 0 100 Da...

Page 13: ...his packet is returned if the device has been written to and the data written is invalid Packet Type From ID RSSI CV 0A 00 00 00 00 00 Packet Type This is 0xA hex 10 decimal and may have higher bits s...

Page 14: ...te device radio settings are configured to match the base station or if the base station is changed to match the remote device Both the Channel and the encryption key are matched once pairing has comp...

Page 15: ...00 00 00 00 00 00 Packet Type This is 0x14 hex 20 decimal and may have higher bits set which indicate Error Low Battery and Broadcast From ID This contains the ID of the device that paired Data Tag Th...

Page 16: ...ation is the only one connected to a particular serial port then every base station can have Address 1 as the PC will send packets to a particular port to select which base station handles a packet li...

Page 17: ...ings control the baudrate for the serial interface Whether the serial interface is RS485 or RS232 is selected by switch position 8 5 6 7 Baudrate USB USB Off Off Off 9600 On Off Off 19200 Off On Off 3...

Page 18: ...therefore we can only show the connections to the base station You must refer to the user manual regarding your RS485 connection to ascertain the correct connections PC PLC Connection Signal Directio...

Page 19: ...es will need placing into a buffer and your software will need to detect and extract complete packets Outgoing data is written to report 0 and must always contain 64 bytes of data Any unused bytes sho...

Page 20: ...IN bmAttributes 0x3 USB_ENDPOINT_TYPE_INTERRUPT wMaxPacketSize 0x40 bInterval 0x1 NOTE If you do not want to use the Mantracourt supplied communications DLL T24drv dll you may be interested in the fo...

Page 21: ...ccess techniques on transmission Value Description 0 Disabled The Carrier Sense Multiple Access will be disabled NOT RECOMMENDED 1 Enabled The Carrier Sense Multiple Access will be enabled See Unslott...

Page 22: ...sent itself to the other radios in a landscape aspect Specification Parameter Minimum Typical Maximum Units Notes T24 BSi External Supply voltage Range 9 12 32 Volts T24 BSi T24 BSu USB Supply Range 4...

Page 23: ...device will wake to request a full wake from the base station default 3000 UINT16 RW UseCSMA 18 Select whether to use Carrier Sense Multiple Access techniques on transmission Value Description 0 Disa...

Page 24: ...RW CalPointGain 97 The gain to apply to the input at this calibration point FLOAT RW CalPointOffset1 98 The offset to apply to the input at this calibration point FLOAT RW CalPointOffset2 99 The offs...

Page 25: ...Trigger 121 Enter Data Tag to watch for that will trigger pause mode UINT16 RW ResumeTrigger 123 Enter Data Tag to watch for that will trigger resume mode UINT16 RW StayAwakeTrigger 122 Enter Data Tag...

Page 26: ...Mantracourt Electronics Limited T24 Technical Manual 25 Installation Antennas See Appendix B Antenna Installation...

Page 27: ...that a sleeping device will wake to request a full wake from the base station default 3000 UINT16 RW UseCSMA 18 Select whether to use Carrier Sense Multiple Access techniques on transmission Value Des...

Page 28: ...at this calibration point FLOAT RW CalPointOffset1 98 The offset to apply to the input at this calibration point FLOAT RW CalPointOffset2 99 The offset to apply to the input at this calibration point...

Page 29: ...Enter Data Tag to watch for that will reset SleepDelay timer UINT16 RW DoSystemZeroTrigger 125 Enter Data Tag to watch for that will reset SleepDelay timer UINT16 RW NOTE All changes require a SAVE c...

Page 30: ...that a sleeping device will wake to request a full wake from the base station default 3000 UINT16 RW UseCSMA 18 Select whether to use Carrier Sense Multiple Access techniques on transmission Value De...

Page 31: ...at this calibration point FLOAT RW CalPointOffset1 98 The offset to apply to the input at this calibration point FLOAT RW CalPointOffset2 99 The offset to apply to the input at this calibration point...

Page 32: ...ta Tag to watch for that will trigger resume mode UINT16 RW StayAwakeTrigger 122 Enter Data Tag to watch for that will reset SleepDelay timer UINT16 RW DoSystemZeroTrigger 125 Enter Data Tag to watch...

Page 33: ...Mantracourt Electronics Limited T24 Technical Manual 32 Installation Antennas See Appendix B Antenna Installation...

Page 34: ...d the output power level 0 100 UINT8 RW Name 10 Set or read a user defined name 11 characters STRING 11 Bytes RW Model 51 Read the model number of the device STRING 11 Bytes R WakeChkInt 16 Set or rea...

Page 35: ...gger 121 Enter Data Tag to watch for that will trigger pause mode UINT16 RW ResumeTrigger 123 Enter Data Tag to watch for that will trigger resume mode UINT16 RW StayAwakeTrigger 122 Enter Data Tag to...

Page 36: ...s Limited T24 Technical Manual 35 Measurement Resolution The noise free resolution is 15 5 bits 1 50 000 Power Supply See Appendix B Acquisition Module Power Supply Installation Antennas See Appendix...

Page 37: ...R WakeChkInt 16 Set or read the interval in milliseconds that a sleeping device will wake to request a full wake from the base station default 3000 UINT16 RW UseCSMA 18 Select whether to use Carrier...

Page 38: ...utput state Value Definition 0 Turn digital output off 1 Turn digital output on 2 Make digital output mirror the LED state V1 05 and later FLOAT RW Status 74 Live status where the bit values indicate...

Page 39: ...ill reset SleepDelay timer UINT16 RW DoSystemZeroTrigger 125 Enter Data Tag to watch for that will reset SleepDelay timer UINT16 RW NOTE All changes require a SAVE command to enable them to survive th...

Page 40: ...d a user defined name 11 characters STRING 11 Bytes RW Model 51 Read the model number of the device STRING 11 Bytes R WakeChkInt 16 Set or read the interval in milliseconds that a sleeping device will...

Page 41: ...ly to the input at this calibration point FLOAT RW CalPointGain 97 The gain to apply to the input at this calibration point FLOAT RW CalPointOffset1 98 The offset to apply to the input at this calibra...

Page 42: ...Tag to watch for that will trigger sleep mode UINT16 RW PauseTrigger 121 Enter Data Tag to watch for that will trigger pause mode UINT16 RW ResumeTrigger 123 Enter Data Tag to watch for that will tri...

Page 43: ...Mantracourt Electronics Limited T24 Technical Manual 42 Battery Life See Appendix B Acquisition Module Battery Life Non Strain Gauge Input Installation Antennas See Appendix B Antenna Installation...

Page 44: ...6 Set or read the interval in milliseconds that a sleeping device will wake to request a full wake from the base station default 3000 UINT16 RW UseCSMA 18 Select whether to use Carrier Sense Multiple...

Page 45: ...annel and encryption keys if those have been changed and saved Command Save 55 Save any changes made to parameters Required before power cycling or issuing a Reset command Requires 500mS recovery time...

Page 46: ...SampleTime SampleTime mS Noise Free Resolution Ratio 0 13 5 bits 1 13 000 9 14 bits 1 17 000 99 16 bits 1 62 000 999 17 bits 1 160 000 Power Supply See Appendix B Acquisition Module Power Supply Batt...

Page 47: ...ing read by the device FLOAT R DisplayValue 61 The value being displayed by the device FLOAT R UseCSMA 18 Select whether to use Carrier Sense Multiple Access techniques on transmission Value Descripti...

Page 48: ...tead of the value being displayed Overload will be displayed FLOAT RW ScaleInLo 75 Set or read a low input value at which you know what display you require Default 0 FLOAT RW ScaleInHi 77 Set or read...

Page 49: ...Mantracourt Electronics Limited T24 Technical Manual 48 Installation There are no specific installation instructions...

Page 50: ...econds If unsuccessful the display will show failed If successful the Data Tag and ID of the new device will have been configured within the handheld Depending on how the replacement device was config...

Page 51: ...No effect unless held for 5 seconds to activate individual item view This can be disabled by setting NoNext parameter F1 If motion detection is activated then the reading must be steady to enable thi...

Page 52: ...and the input value is within ZeroBand then the display will be zeroed The value of the input will be placed in AutoZero i e from this time onwards until powered off the display will show input value...

Page 53: ...a to transmit when the F1 key is pressed Value Description 0 Always Gross The gross value will be transmitted even if the display shows a zeroed net reading 1 As Displayed The gross or net value will...

Page 54: ...t 1 Used to wake the remote device when Wake key pressed in Items Mode BINARY 3 Bytes RW ValueDataTag7 87 Set or read the 2 byte Data Tag that is used to match a Data Provider packet to use as the inp...

Page 55: ...ys if those have been changed and saved Command Save 55 Save any changes made to parameters Required before power cycling or issuing a Reset command Requires 500mS recovery time after executing Comman...

Page 56: ...and Number Description Native Data Type Read Write ID 3 Read the unique identifier ID for this device 3 bytes BINARY 3 bytes R Version 53 Read the firmware version FLOAT R Channel 11 Radio Channel UIN...

Page 57: ...75 Set or read a low input value at which you know what display you require Default 0 FLOAT RW ScaleInHi 77 Set or read a high input value at which you know what display you require Default 1 FLOAT R...

Page 58: ...arrive from a device within the Timeoutx period then any reference to either the individual Vx tokens or one of the summing tokens will result in rather than a numeric value The actual serial output c...

Page 59: ...the value used as input 3 which can be represented with the V3 token and is used in generating the result sum FLOAT RW Value4 63 Read or write the value used as input 4 which can be represented with t...

Page 60: ...of the output value of V2 This is specified using zeros and a decimal point i e 000 0000 STRING 9 bytes RW Format3 112 Read or set the format of the output value of V3 This is specified using zeros a...

Page 61: ...the serial output You can include text or tokens STRING 32 bytes RW Line4 72 Read or set the data for line 4 of the serial output You can include text or tokens STRING 32 bytes RW Line5 73 Read or se...

Page 62: ...e number of digits to display the log number as UINT8 RW NVLog 149 Set or read whether to store the log number between power cycles As this writes to flash each time the LOG token is referenced it is...

Page 63: ...d has been issued but no tare subtracted i e it will always contain the Gross value of the specified input 1 2345 RV1 RV8 Substitutes token with the last value received from the input This will NOT ha...

Page 64: ...Parameter settings Line1 NET 0D FormatSUM 00 000 ValueDataTag1 C675 ValueDataTag2 FF34 PrintTrigger C675 MinInterval 100 LineDelay 0 PrintOnError 1 SwitchMode 1 Print Gross Sum of 2 Devices To Printer...

Page 65: ...ABCD when the F1 button is pressed The printer is not very fast so we can only send a line every 50mS Also we do not want to print more often than once every 5 seconds even if the handheld tries to do...

Page 66: ...ation SW1 Settings Switch positions 1 to 4 are not used Switch positions 5 to 7 control the baudrate for the serial interface Whether the serial interface is RS485 or RS232 is selected by switch posit...

Page 67: ...e 4mA at 0 tonnes and 20mA at 8 tonnes Simply set the In Minimum to 0 and In Maximum to 8 Next you set the desired actions when errors occur Communications To configure the device you will use the Rea...

Page 68: ...input value FLOAT R InMin 100 The input value at which the output will be at 0 FLOAT RW InMax 101 The input value at which the output will be at 100 FLOAT RW Timeout 102 The time allowed between data...

Page 69: ...ad the system zero value which is subtracted from the value of the data arriving before mapping to the analog output FLOAT RW DoWake 110 Whether to wake paired module on power up 1 or 0 UINT8 RW Bound...

Page 70: ...ches you will need to remove the cover from the case SW2 Switch Settings Range 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 0 10 V ON OFF OFF X X OFF ON OFF 10 V OFF OFF ON X X OFF ON ON 0 5 V ON ON OFF X X OFF OFF OFF 5 V ON OFF...

Page 71: ...ative Data Type Read Write ID 3 Read the unique identifier ID for this device 3 bytes BINARY 3 bytes R Version 53 Read the firmware version FLOAT R Channel 11 Radio Channel UINT8 RW EncKey 15 The radi...

Page 72: ...lowing table shows the decimal bit values and their meaning Bit Value Definition 1 STATUS_SHUNT_CAL 2 STATUS_INPUT_INTEGRITY 4 Reserved 8 Reserved 16 STATUS_POWER_UP 32 STATUS_BATT_LOW 64 STATUS_DIGIT...

Page 73: ...Interval a Data Provider packet is transmitted that holds 1 value in FLOAT format See Appendix A Power Supply See Appendix B Acquisition Module Power Supply Battery Life See Appendix B Acquisition Mod...

Page 74: ...Mantracourt Electronics Limited T24 Technical Manual 73 Installation Antennas See Appendix B Antenna Installation...

Page 75: ...4 range of modules support PAIRING This is supported by the T24 Toolkit software and is also available through the documented radio protocol It is initiated by power supply removal and replacement so...

Page 76: ...cause the module to return to deep sleep mode This ensures that the modules return to sleep even if communications is lost with the controller So we will look at an example scenario where an acquisiti...

Page 77: ...TEREMOTE function specifying the command number 56 and use the specific module Data Tag COM Driver or Dot Net Assembly Function How To Data Provider Packets An event will be raised which lets you know...

Page 78: ...f 4 bytes and is stored in 2 s compliment form The bytes are in order of significance MSB first MSByte LSByte 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 16 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Sign...

Page 79: ...ion Mantracourt may also refer to Link Quality which is derived from the RSSI and CV values LQI 94 RSSI CV 55 2 3 9 Which gives an operational range of approximately 0 to 255 This operational range co...

Page 80: ...ff period is selected from the wider range and the procedure repeated Certain packets are transmitted as if CSMA is disabled regardless of the device setting These include the sleep wake packets and r...

Page 81: ...odule ID you can use the module Data Tag This will cause the base station to handle the sending of the command using the DPCI each time it sees an incoming Data Provider packet matching the Data Tag f...

Page 82: ...ommand directed to an ID or broadcast ID of 0xFFFFFF and will work in conjunction with it for the WAKERDURATION period Cancelling To stop a previously sent command from lasting the full WAKERDURATION...

Page 83: ...referred to as Free Space Path Loss and vary according to the wavelength of the signal At 2 4GHz Free Space Path Loss is given by Path Loss 32 4 20Log10 d Where Path Loss is expressed in dB d Path le...

Page 84: ...der loss 1 5dB Enclosure Loss 6dB Sum of the gains GT GR or 4 5 6 0 10 5 Sum of the losses Feeder Loss Path Loss Enclosure Loss or 1 5 70 46 6 0 77 96 Signal strength at the receiver input is 10 5 77...

Page 85: ...illustrated at Figure 3 Rad24i Tx GT 1dB Loadlink enclosure loss 0 2dB T24 BS Rad24e Rx GR 2 9dB Feeder loss 5 0dB Figure 3 Slant range 150metres GT Transmit antenna gain GR Receive antenna gain 3m o...

Page 86: ...is vertical then the antenna is said to be vertically polarised and vice versa There are some exceptions to this such as crossed and circular polarisation but for the sake of simplicity they are not...

Page 87: ...210 78 84 20 58 42 85 70 98 150 75 92 215 79 04 25 60 35 90 71 48 155 76 20 220 79 24 30 61 94 95 71 95 160 76 48 225 79 44 35 63 28 100 72 40 165 76 74 230 79 63 40 64 44 105 72 82 170 77 00 235 79 8...

Page 88: ...is calculation uses the peak gain of the chip antenna stated as 3dBi in the manufacturers data sheet in practice this gain is rarely achieved being nearer to 1 to 1 5dBi RF Exposure Limits Power densi...

Page 89: ...Mantracourt Electronics Limited T24 Technical Manual 88 7 mm 20 mm 20 mm...

Page 90: ...t to a 3 Volt power supply or batteries WARNING This module is not reverse polarity protected WARNING The maximum voltage is 3 6V Battery Types Battery Type Notes Alkaline Zn MnO2 Pairs of alkaline 1...

Page 91: ...ommend T24 PSSB module In line Battery Modules Capacitor Module T24 PSSA This is used for batteries which have an internal resistance of greater than 150mOhms overcoming voltage drops during high curr...

Page 92: ...rom deep sleep to check whether it should wake up properly If the device wake check interval is set to 5 seconds then we can modify the battery life from above by multiplying by a factor of 0 6 We hav...

Page 93: ...ing shows how to more accurately calculate battery life This does rely on an estimate of usable battery capacity which is not as high as manufacturers state their battery capacity to be except for bat...

Page 94: ...U1 U2 U3 HoursUsage 24 If not in Low Power Mode AwakeCurrent FixedMeasurementCurrent HoursUsage 24 Calculate currents Now calculate sleep current SleepCurrent 30 WakeInt 0 008 SleepCurrent SleepCurren...

Page 95: ...T24 Toolkit displays without any customisation The following example shows how to customise a T24 SA to make it appear to be a SGD 990 and have a description of SGD 990 Force Measurement Device This w...

Page 96: ...C Norsk Dette utstyret er i samsvar med de grunnleggende krav og andre relevante bestemmelser i EU directiv 1999 5 EC Portugu s Este equipamento satisfaz os requisitos essenciais e outras provis es da...

Page 97: ...Approved Antennas that have been tested by Mantracourt IC Labelling requirements for Industry Canada are similar to those of the FCC A clearly visible label on the outside of the final product enclosu...

Page 98: ...me full responsibility for learning and meeting the required guidelines for each country in their distribution market For more information relating to European compliance of an OEM product incorporati...

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