Extreme Networks Summit Summit24, Installation And User Manual

Page: 185 / 244

Overview of RIP
Summit24e3 Switch Installation and User Guide 185
Routing Table
The routing table in a router using RIP contains an entry for every known destination network. Each
routing table entry contains the following information:
•
IP address of the destination network
• Metric (hop count) to the destination network
• IP address of the next router
• Timer that tracks the amount of time since the entry was last updated
The router exchanges an update message with each neighbor every 30 seconds (default value), or if
there is a change to the overall routed topology (also called triggered updates). If a router does not receive
an update message from its neighbor within the route timeout period (180 seconds by default), the
router assumes the connection between it and its neighbor is no longer available.
Split Horizon
Split horizon is a scheme for avoiding problems caused by including routes in updates sent to the
router from which the route was learned. Split horizon omits routes learned from a neighbor in updates
sent to that neighbor.
Poison Reverse
Like split horizon, poison reverse is a scheme for eliminating the possibility of loops in the routed
topology. In this case, a router advertises a route over the same interface that supplied the route, but the
route uses a hop count of 16, defining it as unreachable.
Triggered Updates
Triggered updates occur whenever a router changes the metric for a route, and it is required to send an
update message immediately, even if it is not yet time for a regular update message to be sent. This will
generally result in faster convergence, but may also result in more RIP-related traffic.
Route Advertisement of VLANs
VLANs that are configured with an IP address, but are configured to not route IP or are not configured
to run RIP, do not have their subnets advertised by RIP. Only those VLANs that are configured with an
IP address and are configured to route IP and run RIP have their subnets advertised.
RIP Version 1 Versus RIP Version 2
A new version of RIP, called RIP version 2, expands the functionality of RIP version 1 to include:
• Variable-Length Subnet Masks (VLSMs).
• Support for next-hop addresses, which allows for optimization of routes in certain environments.
•
Multicasting.
RIP version 2 packets can be multicast instead of being broadcast, reducing the load on hosts that do
not support routing protocols.